Oakham
Oakham shown within Rutland
Population	9,975 (2001 Census)
OS grid reference	SK857088
Unitary authority	Rutland
Ceremonial county	Rutland
Region	East Midlands
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	OAKHAM
Postcode district	LE15
Dialling code	01572
Police	Leicestershire
Fire	Leicestershire
Ambulance	East Midlands
European Parliament	East Midlands
UK Parliament	Rutland and Melton
List of places: UK • England • Rutland

Coordinates: 52°40′14″N 0°43′60″W / 52.6705, -0.7333

Oakham is the county town of Rutland, England. Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one The East Midlands is one of the Regions of England and consists of most of the eastern half of the traditional region of the Midlands. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Leicester postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Coalville, Hinckley, Leicester, Loughborough The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Leicestershire Constabulary is the Home Office Police force responsible for policing Leicestershire, Leicester and Rutland in The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Leicestershire Fire and Rescue Service is the fire and rescue service which covers Leicestershire including the Unitary authority of Leicester The East Midlands Ambulance Service (EMAS is the NHS ambulance service serving the East Midlands region of England. East Midlands is a constituency of the European Parliament. It currently elects 6 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of Party-list proportional This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Rutland and Melton is a County constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of cities, Towns and Villages in the ceremonial county of Rutland, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A county town is the 'capital' of a County in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland. Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It lies 17. 4 miles (28. 0 km) east from Leicester, and has a total resident population of 9,975. Leicester (ˈlɛstə is the largest city and Unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and is the traditional ^[1]

Oakham, which has civil parish status, lies to the west of Rutland Water, one of the largest man-made lakes in Europe. A civil parish in the United Kingdom is a unit of local government. Rutland Water is a Reservoir in the county of Rutland, England, just east of the county town Oakham. A lake (from Latin lacus) is a Terrain feature (or Physical feature) a body of Liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the It is in the Vale of Catmose and the town itself is built on an incline, and varies from 99m above sea level (Ladywell area) to 122m above sea level (Brooke School area). The Vale of Catmose is an area of relatively low-lying land in western Rutland, England, much of which is flooded by Rutland Water.

Contents 1 Governance 2 Landmarks 2.1 All Saints Church 2.2 Oakham Castle 2.3 Oakham's horseshoes 3 Transport 4 Education 5 Sports and recreation 6 Notable people 7 Street map 8 Gallery 8.1 All Saints Church 8.2 Other buildings 8.3 Cutts Close 9 References 10 External links

Governance

Local governance for Oakham is provided for by the single-tier unitary Rutland County Council District Council, of which Oakham is the headquarters. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions Rutland County Council is a Unitary authority responsible for local government in the historic county of Rutland in the East Midlands of

Lying within the historic county boundaries of Rutland from a very early time, from 1974 until 1997, Oakham lay within the non-metropolitan county of Leicestershire. The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by A non-metropolitan county or shire county in England, is a county-level entity which is not a Metropolitan county. Leicestershire (ˈlɛstəʃə(r or ˈlɛstəʃɪə(r abbreviation Leics

Oakham, along with Melton Mowbray in Leicestershire, and the rest of Rutland, has since 1992 been represented at Westminster by the Conservative Member of Parliament Alan Duncan. Melton Mowbray (known locally as Melton) is a town in the Melton borough of Leicestershire, England. Leicestershire (ˈlɛstəʃə(r or ˈlɛstəʃɪə(r abbreviation Leics Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. Alan James Carter Duncan (born 31 March 1957 is a British Politician.

Landmarks

Tourist attractions in Oakham include All Saints Church and Oakham Castle. Another popular and historic feature is the open-air market held in the town's market square every Wednesday and Saturday (near the ancient octagonal Buttercross with its pyramidal roof and wooden stocks, a grade I listed building). Sao Paulo Stock Exchangejpg|thumb| Virtual market arena where buyer and seller are not present and trade via intemediates and electronical information Stocks are devices used since Medieval times for Public humiliation, Corporal punishment, and Torture. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance ^[2]

All Saints Church

The spire of Oakham parish church dominates distant views of the town for several miles in all directions. The impressive tower and spire, built during the 14th century, in the "Decorated Gothic" style, are slightly earlier in date than most of the rest of the exterior of the building, which (apart from some Victorian restoration) is in the "Perpendicular Gothic" style. English Gothic is the name of the Architectural style that flourished in England from about 1180 until about 1520 Culture The Victorian fascination with novelty resulted in a deep interest in the relationship between modernity and cultural continuities English Gothic is the name of the Architectural style that flourished in England from about 1180 until about 1520 Oddly, the south doorway and its porch seem to be the oldest parts of the church, the doorway probably dating from the early 13th century, with the porch having been added later that century.

In the light, spacious interior there is more evidence of the mature Decorated style of the 14th century. The tall, slender columns of the nave have intricately carved capitals showing animals, birds, figures, foliage and scenes from the Bible including Adam and Eve, the Expulsion from the Garden of Eden, the Annunciation and the Coronation of the Virgin Mary. In Romanesque and Gothic Christian Abbey, Cathedral Basilica and church Architecture, the nave is the In several traditions of Architecture including Classical architecture, the capital (from the Latin caput 'head' forms the crowning member Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Adam (אָדָם ʼĀḏām, "dust man mankind" آدم; Ge'ez: አዳ and Eve (חַוָּה Ḥawwā, "living In Christianity the Annunciation ( grc Ευαγγελισμός της Θεοτόκου, Evangelismós tēs Theotókou in Greek) is the revelation A coronation is a ceremony marking the investiture of a Monarch with regal power specifically involving the placement of a crown upon his or her head and the There is also a fine Green Man. A Green Man is a Sculpture, Drawing, or other representation of a face surrounded by or made from leaves.

It is a grade I listed building. ^[3]

Oakham Castle

Only the great hall of the Norman castle is still standing, and is surrounded by steep earthworks marking the inner bailey. For other buildings in Normandy see Architecture of Normandy. A castle is a defensive structure seen as one of the main symbols of the Middle Ages. nA motte-and-bailey is a form of Castle. Many were built in Britain, Ireland and France in the 11th and 12th centuries favored as a relatively The hall dates from c.  1180—90 and according to Nikolaus Pevsner (in his "The Buildings of England: Leicestershire and Rutland")

"It is the earliest hall of any English castle surviving so completely, and it is doubly interesting in that it belonged not to a castle strictly speaking, but rather to a fortified manor house. Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner, CBE, ( January 30, 1902 &ndash August 18, 1983) was a German-born British scholar of "

The building is attractively ornamented with Romanesque architectural details, including six carvings of musicians. Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which It is a grade I listed building. ^[4]

The hall was in use as an Assize court until 1970 and is still occasionally used as a Coroner's court or Crown Court. The Court of Assize, or Assizes, is a medieval term for Legal codes (such as Assizes of Jerusalem) that continues to be used in modern times A coroner is an official responsible for investigating deaths particularly some of those happening under unusual circumstances and determining the cause of death For the TV programme see Crown Court (TV series. The Crown Court of England and Wales is together with the High Court of Justice It is also licensed for weddings. A wedding is the Ceremony in which two people are united in Marriage.

The outer bailey of the castle, still surrounded by low earthworks, lies to the north of the castle. Known as Cutts Close, it is now a park with a bandstand, skateboard area, flowerbeds and children's play area. Some deep hollows in the park are the remnants of the castle's dried-up stew ponds (fishponds). ^[5]

A Castle class corvette named HMS Oakham Castle was launched in July 1944. Ships Royal Canadian Navy ''Arnprior'' (ex- HMS ''Rising Castle'') link ''Bowmanville'' (ex- ^[6]

Oakham's horseshoes

Traditionally, members of royalty and peers of the realm who visited or passed through the town had to pay a forfeit in the form of a horseshoe. The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. The Peerage is a system of Titles of Nobility in the United Kingdom, part of the British honours system. A horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials nailed or glued to the Hooves of Horses and some other Draught This unique custom has been enforced for over 500 years, but nowadays it only happens on special occasions (such as Royal visits), when an outsize ceremonial horseshoe, specially made and decorated, is hung in the great hall of the castle. There are now over 200 of these commemorative shoes on its walls. Not all are dated and some of the earliest (which would doubtless have been ordinary horseshoes given without ceremony by exasperated noblemen) may not have survived. The earliest datable one is an outsize example commemorating a visit by King Edward IV in about 1470. Edward IV ( 28 April 1442 – 9 April 1483) was King of England from 4 March 1461 until 2 October The horseshoes hang upside-down: while this is generally held to be unlucky, in Rutland this was thought to stop the Devil from sitting in the hollow. The Devil is the The upside-down horseshoe motif appears in the county council's arms (see to the right), and on the local Ruddles beer labels. Ruddles Brewery is a former English Brewery. The brand is now owned by Greene King who still brews beers under the Ruddles name in Suffolk though the current Recent horsehoes commemorate visits by HRH The Princess Royal (1999), HRH The Prince of Wales (2003) and HRH Princess Alexandra (2005). ^[7]

Transport

There are good road links to:

• Leicester (25 miles),
• Nottingham (38 miles),
• Melton Mowbray (10 miles),
• Uppingham (6 miles),
• Corby (13 miles),
• Stamford (11 miles). Leicester (ˈlɛstə is the largest city and Unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and is the traditional Nottingham ( is a city in the Ceremonial county of Nottinghamshire, England. Melton Mowbray (known locally as Melton) is a town in the Melton borough of Leicestershire, England. Disambiguation "Uppingham" is the colloquial name for Uppingham School Uppingham is a small market town in the county of Rutland in the East Corby is an industrial town and a local government district located 13km north of Kettering in Northamptonshire, England. Stamford is located 100 miles north of London just off the A1 which was the old Great North Road leading to York and Edinburgh.

The Birmingham to Peterborough railway line runs through the town, providing links to Birmingham, Leicester, Peterborough and Cambridge. The Birmingham to Peterborough Line is a cross-country railway line in the United Kingdom, linking the Midlands to East Anglia Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um Leicester (ˈlɛstə is the largest city and Unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and is the traditional History Early history Present-day Peterborough is the latest in a series of settlements which have at one time or other benefited from its situation where the Nene The city of Cambridge (ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England Oakham railway station is positioned approximately halfway between Peterborough railway station and Leicester railway station, at both of which passengers can board a train to London - either from Leicester to London St Pancras or from Peterborough to London King's Cross. Oakham Railway station serves the town of Oakham in Rutland, England. Leicester railway station serves the City of Leicester in Leicestershire, England. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. St Pancras railway station is a major railway station situated in the St Pancras area of Central London between the British Library and King's Cross King's Cross station is a major railway terminus opened in 1852

The main route for travellers to Leicester by road is first south to Uppingham and then westward along the A47. Disambiguation "Uppingham" is the colloquial name for Uppingham School Uppingham is a small market town in the county of Rutland in the East The A47 is a Trunk road in England linking Birmingham to Great Yarmouth (although most of the section between Birmingham and Nuneaton has

Oakham is on the A606 road between Melton Mowbray and Stamford. List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. Melton Mowbray (known locally as Melton) is a town in the Melton borough of Leicestershire, England. Stamford is located 100 miles north of London just off the A1 which was the old Great North Road leading to York and Edinburgh. On the 10 January 2007, the new bypass opened diverting traffic from the busy town centre. Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

Education

The town is home to Oakham School, one of the major English public schools which was founded, together with Uppingham School, in 1584. Oakham School is an English public school in the market town of Oakham in Rutland, accepting around 1000 students aged from 10 to 18 both male and The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and Uppingham School is a co-educational Independent school situated in the small town of Uppingham in Rutland, England. The original school building survives, northeast of the church; across its south front is the inscription Schola Latina – Graeca – Hebraica A° 1584 and above its door is a stone with an inscription in Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly

Oakham School is also the current owner of Oakham's former workhouse. A workhouse, colloquially known as a spike was a place where people who were unable to support themselves could go to live and work Built in 1836-7 by Oakham Poor Law Union, it served as a workhouse for 167 inmates, until it became Catmose Vale Hospital. This article deals chiefly with the English Poor Laws covering England and Wales It now accommodates two "day" (non-boarding) School Houses for girls.

Sports and recreation

Oakham Rugby Football Club play at the Rutland Showground. Overview See also Playing rugby union A rugby union match lasts for 80 minutes (plus stoppage time with a short Rutland is a county of mainland England, bounded on the west and north by Leicestershire, northeast by Lincolnshire, and southeast by

Also Oakham Imps Football clubs trains on the Oakham School astroturf adjacent to the railway and play their matches at the Vale of Catmose College football pitches

Notable people

• Sir Jeffrey Hudson
• Titus Oates
• Johnny Vaughan
• Jay Kay

Street map

Gallery

All Saints Church

All Saints Church seen from Northgate	All Saints Church from footpath between Church Street and Market Place	Interior of All Saints Church. Vale of Catmose College is a community college (or a comprehensive Secondary school) on Cold Overton Road in Oakham, Rutland. Jeffrey Hudson (1619&ndash1682 was a dwarf who belonged to the court of Queen Henrietta Maria of England in the years before King Charles I Titus Oates ( September 15, 1649 &ndash July 12/13 1705 was a 17th-century perjurer who fabricated the " Popish Plot " a supposed Johnny Vaughan (born July 16 1966) is an English Broadcaster and Journalist. Jason "Jay" Kay (born Jason Cheetham on 30 December, 1969 in Stretford Trafford) is an English Musician. OpenStreetMap ( OSM) is a collaborative project to create a free editable Map of the world View from north aisle looking southwest towards font	Early 14th century stonecarving of the Expulsion from the Garden of Eden
Early 14th century capital, showing fox and geese and other creatures	Early 14th century capital, showing the Angel Gabriel (detail of the Annunciation), left, and Adam and Eve between Christ and the Jaws of Hell (right)	Early 14th century capital, showing a Green Man

Other buildings

Oakham railway station

The stocks, under the Buttercross

Inscription above the Old School door

Cutts Close

Cutts Close park - looking southwest towards the original Oakham School building, with the bandstand to the right

References

External links

• Google Map of Oakham
• Community website
• Oakham School website
• All Saints Church Oakham website
• Vale of Catmose College website
• Oakham Castle website
• Link to Rutland County Council website
• Oakham workhouse

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