O'Donnell (Irish: Ó Dónaill or Ó Dómhnaill), which is derived from the forename Domhnaill (meaning "world ruler", Rex Mundi in Latin, Modern Irish spelling, Dónall) were an ancient and powerful Irish clan, kings, princes, and lords of Tír Chonaill (spelled in English as Tyrconnell or Tyrconnel) in early times, and the chief allies and sometimes rivals of the O'Neills in Ulster. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Irish (ga ''Gaeilge'' is a Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Tír Conaill (anglicized as Tyrconnell) was the name of a kingdom which covered much of what is now County Donegal. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Ulster ( Ulaidh ˈkwɪɟɪ ˈʌlˠu / ˈʌlˠi is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in addition to Connacht, Munster and Leinster
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Origins
Like the family of O'Neill, that of O'Donnell of Tyrconnell was of the Ui Niall, i. The House of O'Donnell of Tyrconnell is the dynastic Royal House of the former Kings and Princes of Tyrconnell in Ireland. e. descended from Niall of the Nine Hostages, High-King of Ireland at the beginning of the 5th century; the O'Neill, or Cenél nEógain, tracing their pedigree to Eógan mac Néill, and the O'Donnells, or Cenél Conaill, to Conall Gulban, both sons of Niall. Niall Noígíallach ( Old Irish "having nine Hostages quot pronounced /niː'əl noɪ'jiːəlax/ was an Irish king the Eponymous ancestor The designation King of Ireland (Rí na hÉireann and Queen (regnant of Ireland was used during three periods of Irish history. The 5th century is the period from 401 to 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in Anno Domini / Common Era. Cenél nEógain (in English Cenel Eogan) is the name of the "kindred" or descendants of Eógan mac Néill, son of Niall Noígiallach who founded Eógan mac Néill (died 465, son of Niall Noígiallach, was an Irish king who founded the kingdom of Ailech later Tír Eógain (modern The Cenél Conaill is the name of the "kindred" or descendants of Conall Gulban, son of Niall Noígiallach defined by oral and recorded history Conall Gulban (died 464 was an Irish King who founded the kingdom of Tír Conaill in the 5th century, comprising much of what is now County Donegal Conall was baptised by St. Patrick. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint
Arms and Motto
The Byzantine Emperor, Constantine the Great, converted to Christianity after a vision before the famous Battle of the Milvian Bridge, having seen a sign of the cross in the sky, and thence the motto In Hoc Signo Vinces, telling him he would be thus victorious. Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus (27 February ca. 272 &ndash 22 May 337 commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine The Battle of the Milvian Bridge took place on October 28, 312, between the Roman Emperors Constantine I and Maxentius In hoc signo vinces is the rendition in Latin of the Greek phrase "εν τούτω νίκα" en toutōi nika, meaning "in this you will A short time later, St. Patrick struck the shield of Conall, son of King Niall of the Nine Hostages, with his crozier, called Bachall Isa (the staff of Jesus) inscribing thereon a sign of the cross and told him the same, and baptized him. Saint Patrick (Patricius Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Roman Britain -born Christian Missionary and is the Patron saint His land became Tír Chonnaill, Tyrconnell, the land of Conall.
Conall's Constantinian shield, and this motto, have been the main O’Donnell arms, in various forms, through the centuries. The motto also appears prominently placed as a motto on a ribbon unfurled with a passion cross to its left, beneath a window over the Scala Regia, adjacent to Bernini's equestrian statue of Emperor Constantine, in the Vatican. Scala Regia is the Italian translation for Royal Staircase. In the courtly world of pre-republican days a number of majestic entrance staircases took the name Scala Regia including "Bernini" redirects here For people named Bernini see Bernini (surname. Emperors and other monarchs, having paid respects to the Pope, descended the Scala Regia, and would observe the light shining down through the window, with the motto, reminiscent of Constantine's vision, and be reminded to follow the Cross. They would thence turn right into the atrium of St. Peter's Basilica, ostensibly so inspired. The Basilica of Saint Peter (Basilica Sancti Petri officially known in Italian as the Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano and commonly known as St In an earlier version (before Bernini's renovations in the mid-1600s), something similar may have resonated with and been observed by Prince Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell following his visit to Pope Paul V (at the Palazzo Quirinale) in Rome, just prior to his death in 1608. Rory O'Donnell 1st Earl of Tyrconnell ( Irish: Ruairí Ó Domhnaill (1575&ndash1608 was the last King of Tyrconnell. For Napoleon's brother-in-law see Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese. It would certainly have resonated with and been observed by Patrick Cardinal O'Donnell. Patrick Joseph Cardinal O'Donnell ( 28 November 1856 &ndash 22 November 1927) was an Irish cardinal of the
Territory
Tyrconnell, the territory named after the Cenel Conaill, is the vast territory where the O'Donnells held sway, comprised the greater part of the modern county of Donegal except the peninsula of Inishowen. County Donegal (ˌdʌnəˈgɔːl Irish: Contae Dhún na nGall. Inishowen (Inis Eoghain is a historical peninsular region in County Donegal, and also the largest peninsula in Ireland. But it also included areas outside Donegal, such as the baronies of Carbury in County Sligo, Rosclogher in County Leitrim, and Magheraboy and Firlurg in County Fermanagh, and part of southern County Londonderry, hence it straddled the modern Irish Republic and also part of Northern Ireland in the UK. County Fermanagh (fɚr'mænɘ Contae Fhear Manach or Fear Manach ('Men of Monach'in Irish) is the westernmost of the six counties that form Northern It also therefore bordered on territory ruled by the O'Neills of Tyrone, who were continually attempting to assert their supremacy over it, and hence the history of the O'Donnells is for the most part a record of clan warfare with their powerful neighbours, and of their own efforts to make good their claims to the overlordship of northern Connacht. Nonetheless Tyrconnell existed for a period as an independent kingdom, recognised by King Henry III of England (see Close Roll, in the Tower of London, 28 Hen. 3m. 7).
Ascendancy
The first chieftain of mark in the family was Goffraidh (Godfrey, called after Godfrey de Bouillon, 1st Crusader ruler or proto-King of Jerusalem), son of Dónall Dónall Mór Ó Dónaill (d. Godfrey of Bouillon (c 1060 Boulogne-sur-Mer &ndash 18 July 1100, Jerusalem) was a medieval knight who was a leader of the First is a list of Kings of Jerusalem, from 1099 to 1291 as well as claimants to the title up to the present day 1241). He rapidly came to power, with the initial support of the Norman FitzGeralds, in the aftermath of the suppression of the Cathars in France in 1244. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Later, the O'Donnell rulers aided Templar knights fleeing to Scotland via Tyrconnell and Sligo, where a Templar priory existed at Ballymote [1], a Percival family estate for the last 300 years. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. The O'Donnell King of Tyrconnell became known as the Fisher-King, on the Continent, ostensibly due to the export of fish traded for wine in La Rochelle. La Rochelle is a city in western France, and a Seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean.
Goffraidh, who was inaugurated as "The O'Donnell", i. e. chief of the clan, in 1248, made a successful inroad into Tyrone against Brian Ó Néill in 1252. In 1257 he drove the English out of northern Connacht, after a single combat with Maurice Fitzgerald in which both warriors were wounded. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Maurice Fitzgerald (or FitzGerald may refer to Maurice Fitzgerald (footballer, Irish GAA football player with Kerry GAA from 1988-2001 Maurice O'Donnell while still incapacitated by his wound was summoned by Brian O'Neill to give hostages in token of submission. Carried on a litter at the head of his clan he gave battle to O'Neill, whom he defeated with severe loss in prisoners and cattle; but he died of his wound immediately afterwards near Letterkenny, and was succeeded in the chieftainship by his brother Dónall Óg, who returned from Scotland in time to withstand successfully the demands of Ó Néill. Letterkenny (Leitir Ceanainn is the largest town in County Donegal, Ireland. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
Later Struggles and Diaspora
At times they co-operated with the English, especially when such co-operation appeared to promise triumph over their ancient rivals the O'Neills, at other times joining with the latter as allies against the English authorities. In the 16th century, when the English began to make determined efforts to bring the whole of Ireland under subjection to the crown, the O'Donnells of Tyrconnel played a leading part, led by the famous Prince Red Hugh O'Donnell. "Red" Hugh O'Donnell ( Irish Aodh Rua Ó Domhnaill) (1572 &ndash 10 September 1602) was Prince of Tyrconnell who led a rebellion Under his leadership, and that of Hugh O'Neill, they advanced to Kinsale and laid siege to the English forces in anticipation of a Spanish invasion. Kinsale (Cionn tSáile is a town in County Cork, Ireland. Located some 25 km south of Cork City on the coast near the Old Head of Kinsale En route, they implanted some O'Donnell kinsmen in Ardfert and Lixnaw to protect the territories of their ally, FitzMaurice, Lord of Kerry. Ardfert ( is a village in County Kerry, Ireland. It us an attractive and popular residential location within easy commuting The Battle of Kinsale was lost in 1601, heralding the end of the Gaelic order and Brehon Laws in Ireland, and the completion of the Elizabethan conquest. The Siege of Kinsale was the ultimate battle in England 's conquest of Gaelic Ireland. Early Irish law refers to the statutes that governed everyday life and politics in Ireland during the Gaelic period. It was the end of Irish independence until re-gained in 1922.
Recent Times
Patrick Cardinal O'Donnell was probably the next famous O'Donnell to emerge in Ireland after the exile of Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell. Patrick Joseph Cardinal O'Donnell ( 28 November 1856 &ndash 22 November 1927) was an Irish cardinal of the Rory O'Donnell 1st Earl of Tyrconnell ( Irish: Ruairí Ó Domhnaill (1575&ndash1608 was the last King of Tyrconnell. Thomas O'Donnell (MP) for West Kerry (1900-1918) was a leading agrarian reformer, and the first Member of Parliament to address the House of Commons in Westminster in the Irish language (Gaelic), but was called to order by the Speaker, but not without having made his mark with John Redmond's support. Thomas O’Donnell ( 30 November 1871 &ndash 11 June 1943) was a constitutional Irish Nationalist, MP John Edward Redmond (Seán Éamonn Mac Réamoinn (1 September 1856 &ndash 6 March 1918 was an Irish nationalist Politician, Barrister, MP
Notable People
The following persons are or were notable O'Donnells:
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Selected Bibliography
- The Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, Prince of Tyrconnell (Beatha Aodh Rua O Domhnaill) by Lughaidh O'Cleirigh. Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh (c 1580 &ndash c 1640 was an Irish Gaelic Poet and Historian. Edited by Paul Walsh and Colm Ó Lochlainn. Irish Texts Society, vol. 42. Dublin: Educational Company of Ireland, 1948 (original Gaelic manuscript in the Royal Irish Academy in Dublin). The Royal Irish Academy ( RIA) (Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann is an all-Ireland, independent academic body that promotes study and excellence in the Sciences
- Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) by the Four Masters, from the earliest period to the year 1616, compiled during the period 1632-1636 by Brother Mícheál Ó Cléirigh, translated and edited by John O'Donovan in 1856, and re-published in 1998 by De Burca, Dublin. Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (c 1590 &ndash 1643) was an Irish Chronicler, and chief author of the Annals of the Four Masters,
- Vicissitudes of Families, by Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms, published by Longman, Green, Longman and Roberts, Paternoster Row, London, 1861. Sir John Bernard Burke ( 5 January, 1814 &ndash 12 December, 1892) was a British officer of arms and Genealogist (Chapter on O’Donnells, pages 125-148).
- A View of the Legal Institutions, Honorary Hereditary Offices, and Feudal Baronies established in Ireland, by William Lynch, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, published by Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster Row, London, 1830 (O’Donnell: page 190, remainder to Earl’s patent).
- The Fate and Fortunes of the Earls of Tyrone (Hugh O’Neill) and Tyrconnel (Rory O’Donel), their flight from Ireland and death in exile, by the Rev. C. P. Meehan, M. R. I. A. , 2nd edition, James Duffy, London, 1870.
- The Fighting Prince of Donegal, A Walt Disney Film, made in 1966 about the life of Prince Red Hugh O’Donnell (i. Walter Elias Disney (December 5 1901 – December 15 1966 was a multiple Academy Award -winning American Film producer, director, Screenwriter e. Hugh Roe), starring Peter McEnery, Susan Hampshire, Gordon Jackson, and Andrew Keir.
- Erin’s Blood Royal – The Gaelic Noble Dynasties of Ireland, by Peter Berresford Ellis, Constable, London, 1999, (pages 251-258 on the O’Donel, Prince of Tirconnell).
- Blood Royal - From the time of Alexander the Great to Queen Elizabeth II, by Charles Mosley (genealogist), published for Ruvigny Ltd. Charles Mosley, born 14 September, 1948, is an author editor and publisher best known for being Editor-in-Chief of Burke's Peerage & Baronetage , London, 2002 (O'Donnell listed as Baron, page v) [ISBN 0-9524229-9-9]
- History of Killeen Castle, by Mary Rose Carty, published by Carty/Lynch, Dunsany, County Meath, Ireland, April 1991 (ISBN 0-9517382-0-8) - page 18 refers to Elizabeth O'Donnell as 1st Countess of Fingal, by marriage to Lucas Plunkett, 1st Earl of Fingall. The County of Fingal ( is a county in Ireland. It was formed from part of the historic County Dublin. Baron Killeen and Earl of Fingall were titles in the Peerage of Ireland.
- Vanishing Kingdoms - The Irish Chiefs and Their Families, by Walter J. P. Curley (former US Ambassador to Ireland), with foreword by Charles Lysaght, published by The Lilliput Press, Dublin, 2004 [ISBN 1-84351-055-3 & ISBN 1-84351-056-1]. (Chapter on O'Donnell of Tyrconnell, page 59).
- A Political Odyssey - Thomas O'Donnell, by J. Anthony Gaughan, Kingdom Books, Dublin, 1983.
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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