A nuclear explosive is an explosive device that derives its energy from nuclear reactions. An explosive material is a material that either is chemically or otherwise Energetically unstable or produces a sudden expansion of the material usually accompanied In Nuclear physics, a nuclear reaction is the process in which two nuclei or nuclear particles collide to produce products different from the initial particles Almost all nuclear explosive devices that have been designed and produced are nuclear weapons intended for warfare. A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Warfare refers to the conduct of conflict between opponents and usually involves escalation of aggression from the proverbial "war of words" between politicians
Other, non-warfare, applications for nuclear explosives have occasionally been proposed. For example, nuclear pulse propulsion is a form of spacecraft propulsion that would use nuclear explosives to provide impulse to a spacecraft. Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to change the velocity of Spacecraft and artificial Satellites There are many different methods A similar application is the proposal to use nuclear explosives for asteroid deflection. Asteroid deflection strategies are methods by which Near-Earth objects could be diverted preventing potentially catastrophic Impact events A sufficiently large From 1958 to 1965 the United States government ran a project to design a nuclear explosive powered nuclear pulse rocket called Project Orion. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Project Orion was the first engineering design study of a Spacecraft powered by Nuclear pulse propulsion, an idea first proposed by Stanisław Ulam Never built, this vessel would use repeated nuclear explosions to propel itself and was considered surprisingly practical. It is thought to be a feasible design for interstellar travel.
On Earth, nuclear explosives were once considered for use in large-scale excavation. A nuclear explosion could be used to create a harbor, or a mountain pass, or possibly large underground cavities for use as storage space. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored In a range of hills or especially of mountains, a pass (also gap, notch, col, saddle, bwlch, It was thought that detonating a nuclear explosive in oil-rich rock could make it possible to extract more from the deposit. From 1958 to 1973 the U. S government exploded 28 nuclear test-shots in a project called the Operation Plowshare. Operation Plowshare, better known as Project Plowshare not to be confused with the anti-nuclear Plowshares Movement, was the overall United States term for the development of The purpose of the operation was to use peaceful nuclear explosions for moving and lifting enormous amounts of earth and rock during construction projects such as building reservoirs. Peaceful nuclear explosions (PNEs are Nuclear explosions conducted for non-military purposes such as activities related to Economic development including the The Soviet Union conducted a much more vigorous program of 122 nuclear tests, some with multiple devices, between 1965 and 1989 under the auspices of Program No. 7-Nuclear Explosions for the National Economy. Nuclear Explosions for the National Economy was a Soviet program to investigate Peaceful nuclear explosions ( PNEs)
As controlled nuclear fusion has proven difficult to use as an energy source, an alternate proposal for producing fusion power has been to detonate nuclear fusion explosives inside very large underground chambers and then using the heat produced, which would be absorbed by a molten salt coolant which would also absorb neutrons. In Physics and Nuclear chemistry, nuclear fusion is the process by which multiple- like charged atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus Fusion power is power generated by Nuclear fusion reactions In this kind of reaction two light atomic nuclei fuse See the PACER project for more details. The PACER project carried out at Los Alamos National Laboratory in the mid-1970s explored the possibility of a Fusion power system that would involve exploding small
Failure to meet objectives, along with the realization of the dangers of nuclear fallout and other residual radioactivity, and with the enactment of various agreements such as the Partial Test Ban Treaty and the Outer Space Treaty, has led to the termination of most of these programs. Fallout is the residual radiation hazard from a Nuclear explosion, so named because it "falls out" of the atmosphere into which it is spread during the explosion The Treaty banning Nuclear Weapon Tests In The Atmosphere In Outer Space And Under Water, often abbreviated as the Partial Test Ban Treaty ( PTBT) Key points of the Treaty The Outer Space Treaty represents the basic legal framework of international space law
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