Novosibirsk (English) Новосибирск (Russian)
View onto central part of the right bank
Novosibirsk on the 2005 map of Russia
Coordinates 55°01′N 82°56′E / 55.017, 82.933Coordinates: 55°01′N 82°56′E / 55.017, 82.933
Coat of Arms	Flag
City Day: Last Sunday of June
Administrative status
Federal subject In jurisdiction of Administrative center of	Novosibirsk Oblast Novosibirsk Oblast Novosibirsk Oblast, Novosibirsky District
Local self-government
Charter	Charter of Novosibirsk
Municipal status	n/a
Mayor	Vladimir Gorodetsky
Legislative body	City Council
Area
Area	503 km² (194. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. A flag is a piece of Cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used Symbolically for signaling or identification Russia is a Federation which consists of 83  subjects. These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) A charter is the grant of authority or rights stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified Being the largest country in the world spanning a large percentage of Eurasia, and one of the most populated Russia is divided into several types and levels of A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Vladimir Gorodetsky (born July 11, 1948) was elected mayor of Novosibirsk, Russia in 2000, and re-elected on March 28, A legislature is a type of representative Deliberative assembly with the power to create amend and change Laws The law created by a legislature is called Legislation Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 2 sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population - Rank - Density	1,425,508 inhabitants 3rd 2,834/km² (7,340/sq mi)
Events
Founded	1893
Town status	January 10, 1904
Renamed	February 12, 1926
Other information
Postal code	630xxx
Dialing code	+7 383
Official website
http://www.novo-sibirsk.ru/

The temple of St. Russia 's area is about 17 million square kilometers (65 million sq Russian Census of 2002 (Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2002 го́да was the first Census of the Russian Federation carried This is a list of cities and towns in Russia with population over 50000 grouped by federal subject and sorted by population Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume Events 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war. Year 1904 ( MCMIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting on Events 1429 - English Forces under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans from attack by the Year 1926 ( MCMXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a All Country calling codes for the European Union countries start with +3x or +4x A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages Alexander Nevsky

Novosibirsk Trans-Siberian railway station

One of the tallest buildings of Novosibirsk, nicknamed "BlueTooth", "Batman", "Plug", etc.

Building of the administration of Novosibirsk Oblast

Areal view of the center of the city

New apartment buildings

Novosibirsk (Russian: Новосиби́рск, pronounced [nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk]) is Russia's third largest city, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast. Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Saint Petersburg ( tr: Sankt-Peterburg,) is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River Novosibirsk Oblast (Новосиби́рская о́бласть Novosibirskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an Oblast) It is also the largest city in Siberia and the administrative center of Siberian Federal District, in the southwest of which it is located. Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving Siberian Federal District (Сиби́рский федера́льный о́круг tr

History

It was founded in 1893 as the future site of the Trans-Siberian Railway bridge crossing the great Siberian river Ob, and was known as Novonikolayevsk after St. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Trans-Siberian Railway or Trans-Siberian Railroad (Транссибирская магистраль Транссиб in Russian, or Transsibirskaya magistral' Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving Ob River (Обь also Obi, is a major river in West Siberia, Russia, the country's fourth longest Nicholas. Also, it was the name of the ruling at that time Tsar Nicholas II. Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. The bridge opened for traffic in the spring of 1897. Its importance further increased early in the 20th century with the completion of the Turkestan-Siberia Railway, connecting Novosibirsk to Central Asia and the Caspian Sea. Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged Sea. ^[1]

By the time of the bridge's opening Novonikolaevsk's population was 7,800 people. The year 1906 saw the first bank of Novosibirsk being established and by 1915 there were already five banks. In 1907 it became a city with all the rights of self-government and population of 47,000. The pre-November Revolution period saw Novosibirsk with a population of 80,000 and was the largest commercial and industrial center having an agricultural processing industry, power station, iron foundry, commodity market, banks, commercial and shipping companies, 7 Orthodox churches, one Roman-Catholic church, several cinemas, 40 primary schools, a high school, teachers' seminary and the Romanov House' non-classical secondary school. Novosibirsk was one of the first towns in Russia that accepted the compulsory primary education in 1913. ^[1]

The Russian Civil War took a toll on the town, with several typhus and cholera epidemics which took thousands of lives. The Russian Civil War (1917–1923 was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed The famous Ob bridge was blown up, and for the first time since the beginning of its history Novonikolaevsk's population fell. In December of 1917 the Soviet Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies of Novonikolaevsk seized the town. In May, 1918 Czechoslovak prisoners of war set up an opposition and together with White Guards captured Novonikolaevsk. It was taken by the Red Army in 1919. The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya ^[1]

Novonikolaevsk began reconstruction in 1921 at the start of Lenin's New Economic Policy. It was given a new name, Novosibirsk, in 1926. ^[1]. The "novo" part means "new", "sibir" - Siberia and the "sk" suffix is common for settlement names, so "Novosibirsk" can be translated as "New Siberia City".

During Stalin's Industrialization Novosibirsk rose from a large commercial city turned into one of the largest industrial centers of Siberia. Joseph Stalin ( ნამდვილი გვარი ჯუღაშვილი|Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili; March 5 1953 was General Secretary of the Communist Party Several huge plants were located here, including the Sibkombain plant, a mining tools plant, a metal processing plant, food processing and other plants and factories, and a power station. From 1932-1933, during the Great Soviet Famine, more than 170 thousand refugees arrived at Novosibirsk. The Soviet famine of 1932-1933 affected most major grain-producing areas of the Soviet Union: Ukraine, Northern Caucasus, Volga Region, South They settled down in barracks at the outskirts of town, in shacks and huts, giving rise to slums such as Big Nakhalovka, Little Nakhalovka, and others. ^[1]

Tram rails were laid in Novosibirsk in 1954; by that time it was the largest city of Siberia with 287,000 residents. The next year the Kommunalny bridge on the Ob was built to replace the old bridge that helped start Novosibirsk. ^[1]

To cope with the large amount of people moving to the town during the 1950s a hydroelectic power station for 400 kilowatts was erected near Novosibirsk, that caused the creation of a giant water reservoir - to be known as the Ob Sea. Novosibirsk Reservoir or Novosibirskoye Reservoir (Новосиби́рское водохрани́лище informally called the Ob Sea (ru Обско́е However, that power station didn't solve all the power supply problems; in fact it caused more. Vast fertile fields were flooded; relic pine woods were put under water; because of the new water space the wind speed doubled causing higher soil erosion. ^[1]

Akademgorodok, the city of scientific research, was built about 30 km south of the city centre in 1957 and was the centre of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences. Akademgorodok (Академгородо́к is a part of the Russian city Novosibirsk, located 20  Km south of the city center There arose within a very short time 14 research institutions and universities, virtually making it a new city.

At September 2nd, 1962, Novosibirsk reached a population of one million. At that time it was the youngest city in the world with over a million people. It took Novosibirsk less than 70 years to achieve that milestone. ^[2]

In 1979 construction of the Novosibirsk Metro began, culminating in the opening of the first line in 1985. Novosibirsk Metro is a metro system in Novosibirsk, Russia. History River Ob2 ^[1]

Novosibirsk is on the center path of the Solar eclipse of August 1, 2008. The Solar eclipse of August 1, 2008 was a total eclipse of the Sun with a magnitude of 1 The duration of the eclipse will be 2m20, which is close to the eclipse's maximum duration.

Geography

The city lies along the Ob River in the West Siberian Plain. Ob River (Обь also Obi, is a major river in West Siberia, Russia, the country's fourth longest The West Siberian Plain (За́падно-Сиби́рская равни́на is a large Plain that occupies the western portion of Siberia and Russia To the south is the Ukok Plateau part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site entitled Golden Mountains of Altai. Ukok Plateau is a remote and pristine Grasslands area located in the heart of southwestern Siberia, the Altai Mountains region of Russia near United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex ^[3]

Climate

The climate is sharply continental, with severely cold and snowy winters, and hot and dry summers. Continental climate is a Climate that is characterized by Winter Temperatures cold enough to support a fixed period of Snow cover each Year Temperatures in summer range from 20 °C to 25 °C (75 °F), in winter -18 °C to -20 °C (0 °F), but can reach -40 °C (-40 °F) in winter and 35-40 °C (100 °F) in summer. The difference between the highest and the lowest temperature is 88 °C (158 °F). Most of the time the weather is sunny, with an average of 2880 hours of sunshine per year.

Travelers coming from the countries with mild climate may find Novosibirsk’s winter tough but it will not be extraordinary for those from northern countries. Sometimes, bitter cold may hold for some days, but these temperatures of -40 C and lower do not occur every year. In contrast, springtime is not the best season for visiting Novosibirsk. Streets and roads become dirty because of mud and melting snow, and weather is still cold.

Summers are typically very nice, with warm, long days (sunrise at 5am and sunset after 10pm).

Industry, education, science, and culture

Industries include machine manufacturing and metallurgy. Metallurgy is a domain of Materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their Turkish Efes Beverage Group owns a brewery in Novosibirsk. It is the home of Novosibirsk State University (situated in nearby Akademgorodok), a number of institutes and a scientific research center. Novosibirsk State University was founded in May 1959 in the USSR by Soviet academicians Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentiev, Sergei Lvovich Sobolev Akademgorodok (Академгородо́к is a part of the Russian city Novosibirsk, located 20  Km south of the city center The city is widely considered to be the cultural center of Siberia. Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving

Broadcasting

Novosibirsk is home to Russia's most powerful shortwave relay station east of the Ural mountains. Riphean redirects here For the time period see Riphean stage The Ural Mountains (Ура́льские го́ры Uralskiye This relay station can reach most of South Asia, the Middle East, and China. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES The Magadan and Vladivostok relay stations when operated in conjunction with Novosibirsk can guarantee that the Voice of Russia or any other broadcaster renting time at Novosibirsk is heard in the intended target area. Magadan (Магада́н is a Port town on the Sea of Okhotsk and gateway to the Kolyma region Vladivostok ( is Russia 's largest port city on the Pacific Ocean and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai. Voice of Russia is the Russian government's international radio broadcasting service owned by the All-Russia State Television and Radio Company.

Transport

Novosibirsk is the third largest city in Russia (after Moscow and Saint Petersburg) and the first in Siberia in which a metro system was established (the Novosibirsk Metro, opened in 1986). Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway or metro(politan system is an electric passenger railway Novosibirsk Metro is a metro system in Novosibirsk, Russia. History River Ob2 The city is served by Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport with regular flights to Europe and Asia and other Russian cities. Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport (Аэропорт Толмачёво is situated in the town of Ob, 16 km from center of Novosibirsk, an industrial Tolmachevo is the hub for S7 Airlines. OJSC Siberia Airlines (ОАО «Авиакомпания „Сибирь“» operating as S7 Airlines is an Airline headquartered in Moscow, Russia There is also the auxiliary Novosibirsk Elitsovka Airport and a smaller field for general aviation at Novosibirsk Severny Airport. Elitsovka Airport (Аэропорт Ельцовка is an airport in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia located 8 km northeast of Novosibirsk. Severny Airport (Аэропорт Северный is a General aviation Airport in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia, located 8 km The Siberian airline "Sibir'" is stationed at Tolmachevo airport.

Sports

Amongst several other former Soviet Olympians, Novosibirsk has the distinction of being the hometown of Alexander Karelin, the 12-time world champion Greco-Roman wrestler (including 3 Olympic gold and 1 Olympic silver medals), voted by FILA as the greatest Greco-Roman wrestler of the 20th century. | Olympic Games }} Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Karelin, or simply Alexander Karelin, (Александр Александрович Карелин born September The International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles, also known in French as Fédération Internationale des Luttes Associées (FILA, is an international

• HC Sibir Novosibirsk - ice hockey team playing in the Russian Hockey Super League
• FC Sibir Novosibirsk - football team playing in the Russian First Division
• Sibirtelecom Lokomotiv Novosibirsk - basketball team playing in the Men's Russian Basketball Super League
• Dynamo-Energiya Novosibirsk - basketball team playing in the Women's Russian Basketball Super League

Novosibirsk has numerous sports facilities. The Russian Superleague (Чемпионат России Суперлига lit FC Sibir Novosibirsk is a Russian football club based in Novosibirsk. The Russian First Division is the second level of Russian professional football. Sibirtelecom Lokomotiv is the Russian professional Basketball club based in Novosibirsk, Russia. The Russian Basketball Super League (in Баскетбольная суперлига) is the top league of Russian professional Basketball. The Russian Basketball Super League (in Баскетбольная суперлига) is the top league of Russian professional Basketball.

Music

Three classical violinists of modern times, Vadim Repin, Natalia Lomeiko and Maxim Vengerov, are natives of Novosibirsk. Vadim Repin (born Novosibirsk, Western Siberia, 31 August 1971) is a Russian Violinist. Maxim Alexandrovich Vengerov (מקסים וונגרוב born August 20, 1974) is an Israeli Violinist who was born in the Soviet Union The city possesses a Conservatory, a Philarmony and several music halls where concerts are given.

The Zoo of Novosibirsk

The Zoo of Novosibirsk is a world renowned zoo and a popular tourist attraction to the city. A zoological garden, shortened to zoo, is an institution in which living animals are exhibited in captivity The zoo has over 4000 species of animals, and actively participates in thirty-two different societies for preserving endangered species. An endangered species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming Extinct because it is either few in numbers or threatened by changing environmental or predation On average, around 700,000 people visit the zoo each year.

In 2000, the zoo held the closest relative to the cape lion of South Africa. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Cape Lion, Panthera leo melanochaitus, is a Subspecies of Lion and is now Extinct in the wild. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa John Spence was always fascinated about the stories of these grand lions scaling the walls of General van Rieebeck's castle in the 17th century. Johan Anthoniszoon "Jan" van Riebeeck ( 21 April, 1619 &ndash 18 January, 1677) was a Dutch colonial administrator Spence's search took thirty years, which led him to the Novosibirsk Zoo where he found the closest living resemblance to the cape lion; the zoo called him Simon. The lion and his family are kept outdoors in large, natural settings. "It is kept all the year around in the climate conditions of the West Siberia at the temperatures from −49 °C (−56. 2 °F) to 36 °C (96. 8 °F). In forty years, more than sixty cubs were born. "^[4]

The zoo's current curator is Rostislav Shilo. Simon's cubs were named after him and his wife, Olga. ^[5]

Sister cities

• Daejeon, South Korea (2001)
• Changchun, China (1994)
• Minneapolis-Saint Paul, United States (1989)
• Sapporo, Japan (1990)
• Minsk, Belarus

References

External links

• TPC map 1:500 000
• Google map
• Orphanages and Baby Homes in Novosibirsk
• CNN article on Siberian IT industry