| Comune di Novara | |
|---|---|
 |
|
 Municipal coat of arms |
|
  |
|
| Country |  Italy |
| Region | Piedmont |
| Province | Novara (NO) |
| Mayor | Massimo Giordano |
| Elevation | 162 m (531 ft) |
| Area | 103 km² (40 sq mi) |
| Population (as of June 30, 2006) | |
| - Total | 102,846 |
| - Density | 999/km² (2,587/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | |
| Gentilic | Novaresi |
| Dialing code | 0321 |
| Postal code | 28100 |
| Frazioni | Lumellogno, Olengo, Pernate, Torrion Quartara, Agognate, Casalgiate, Cascina Montà, Cascina Roggia Mora, Gionzana, Pagliate |
| Patron | San Gaudenzio |
| - Day | January 22 |
| Website: www.comune.novara.it | |
Novara (Nuara in the local Novarese dialect of Western Lombard) is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Piedmont ( Piemonte; Piedmontese and Occitan: Piemont; French: Piémont) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. In Italy, a Province (in Italian provincia) is an administrative division of intermediate level between Municipality ( Comune Novara (It Provincia di Novara) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place Here are a list of area codes in Italy. All numbers here begin with the country code (0039 A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Lumellogno is a settlement of some 1500 people to the south-west of the city of Novara in the Italian province Piedmont. "Saint Gaudentius" redirects here For the bishop of Novara see Gaudentius of Novara. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Western Lombard is a Romance language spoken in Italy, in the Lombard provinces of Milan, Monza, Varese, Como Novara (It Provincia di Novara) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Piedmont ( Piemonte; Piedmontese and Occitan: Piemont; French: Piémont) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy. With c. 102,000 inhabitants, it is the second most populous city in Piedmont after Turin. It is an important crossroads for commercial traffic along the routes from Milan to Turin and from Genoa to Switzerland. Genoa ( Genova, ˈdʒɛːnova in Italian; Zena in Genoese and Ligurian; Genua in Latin and archaically in English Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Novara lies between the rivers Agogna and Terdoppio in northeastern Piedmont, 38 km from Milan and 95 km from Turin. The Agogna (in Piedmontese Agògna) is a narrow 140 km long river which runs through the Italian regions of Piedmont and Lombardy. The Terdoppio is a river of Piedmont and Lombardy (northern Italy)
Contents |
History
Novara was founded in ancient times by the Romans. Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC Its name is formed from Nov, meaning "new", and Aria, the name the Cisalpine Gauls used for the surrounding region. Cisalpine Gaul ( Latin: Gallia Cisalpina, meaning " Gaul on this side of the Alps " was the Roman name for a geographical area (later
Ancient Novaria, which dates to the time of the Ligures, was a municipium and was situated on the road from Vercellae (Vercelli) to (Mediolanum) Milan. The Ligures (singular Ligus or Ligur; English: Ligurians, Greek:) were an ancient people who gave their name to Liguria A municipium (pl municipia) belonged to the second highest class of Roman cities being Vercelli ( Varséj in Piedmontese) is a City of about 50000 inhabitants in the Province of Vercelli in Piedmont in northern Its position on perpendicular roads (still intact today) dates to the time of the Romans. After the city was destroyed in 386 by Magnus Maximus for having supported his rival Valentinian II, it was rebuilt by Theodosius. Events By Place Roman Empire Theodosius I concludes peace with Persia, dividing Armenia between them Magnus Maximus (ca 335&ndash August 28, 388) also known as Maximianus, was an Hispanic usurper of the Western Roman Empire Flavius Valentinianus Junior (371 – 15 May 392) known usually by his Anglicised name Valentinian II, was a Roman Emperor Subsequently, it was sacked by Radagaisus (in 405) and Attila (in 452). Radagaisus (died 23 August 406) was a Pagan, Gothic King who led an invasion of Roman Italy in late 405 and the first half Events By Place Western Roman Empire Stilicho orders the Sibylline Books burned Events By Place Western Roman Empire Attila, king of the Huns, invades Italy.
Under the Lombards, Novara became a duchy; under Charles the Fat, a countship. The Lombards ( Latin Langobardi, whence the alternative names Langobards and Longobards) were a Germanic people originally from Charles the Fat (Carolus Pinguis 13 June 839 – 13 January 888) was the King of Alemannia from 876 King of Italy from Novara came to enjoy the rights of a free imperial city. In the Holy Roman Empire, a free imperial city (in German: freie Reichsstadt) was a City formally ruled by the Emperor only &mdash In 1110 it was conquered by Henry V and destroyed, but in 1167 it joined the Lombard League. Henry V ( 8 November 1086 &ndash 23 May 1125) was King of Germany (from 1098-1125) and Holy Roman Emperor The Lombard League was an alliance formed around 1167, which at its apex included most of the cities of Northern Italy (although its membership changed in At the end of the 12th century, it accepted the protection of Milan and became practically a dominion of the Visconti and later of the Sforza. Visconti was the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. In the Battle of Novara (1513), Swiss mercenaries defending Novara for the Sforzas of Milan routed the French troops besieging the city. The Battle of Novara was a Battle of the War of the League of Cambrai fought on June 6, 1513, near Novara, in Northern This defeat ended the French invasion of Italy in the War of the League of Cambrai. The War of the League of Cambrai, sometimes known as the War of the Holy League and by several other names was a major conflict in the Italian Wars.
In 1706 Novara, which had long ago been promised by Filippo Maria Visconti to Amadeus VIII of Savoy, was occupied by Savoyard troops. Year 1706 ( MDCCVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Filippo Maria Visconti, ( September 23, 1392 &ndash August 13, 1447) was ruler of Milan from 1412 to 1447 Amadeus VIII ( September 4, 1383 &ndash January 7, 1451) was the son of Amadeus VII Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry. With the Peace of Utrecht, the city, together with Milan, became part of the Habsburg Empire. The Treaty of Utrecht that established the Peace of Utrecht, rather than a single document comprised a series of individual peace treaties signed in the Dutch After its occupation in 1734, Novara passed, in the following year, to the House of Savoy. Year 1734 ( MDCCXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The House of Savoy (Casa Savoia was formed in the early eleventh century in the historical Savoy region
After Napoleon's campaign in Italy, Novara became the capital of the Department of the Agogna, but was then reassigned to the House of Savoy in 1814. Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. Year 1814 ( MDCCCXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common In 1821 it was the site of a battle in which regular Sardinian troops defeated the Piedmontese constitutional liberals. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year Kingdom of Sardinia, also known as Piedmont-Sardinia or Sardinia-Piedmont, was the name given to the possessions of the House of Savoy in 1720 when the In the even larger Battle of Novara in 1849, the Sardinian army was defeated by the Austrian army of Field Marshall Joseph Radetzky von Radetz. The Battle of Novara or Battle of Bicocca (Bicocca is a borough of Novara) was one of the battles fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This defeat led to the abdication of Charles Albert of Sardinia and to the partial occupation of the city by the Austrians. Biography He was born in Turin in 1798 to Charles Emmanuel of Savoy 6th Prince of Carignano and Albertina Maria Cristina of Saxony. The defeat of the Sardinians can be seen as the beginning of the Italian unification movement. Italian Unification ( Italian: il Risorgimento, or "The Resurgence" was the political and social movement that unified different states of the Italian
A decree in 1859 created the province of Novara, which then included the present-day provinces of Vercelli, Biella, and Verbano-Cusio-Ossola. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Vercelli (Italian Provincia di Vercelli) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. The Province of Biella (Provincia di Biella is a province of Italy located in Piedmont. Verbano-Cusio-Ossola (Italian Provincia del Verbano Cusio Ossola) is the northernmost province in the Italian region of Piedmont
The city of Novara had a population of 25,144 in 1861. Industrialisation during the 20th century brought an increase in the city's population to 102,088 in 1981. The city's population has changed little in subsequent years.
Probably the most notable Novarese of modern times is Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, former president of Italy and Italian senator for life. Baron Oscar Luigi Scalfaro ˈskalfaro (born September 9, 1918) is an Italian Politician and magistrate member of the Christian Democracy Scalfaro was born in Novara in 1918.
Main sights
Novara's sights can be divided into two groupings. The city's most important sights lie within its historic centre, the area once enclosed by the city walls. However, several important sights also lie outside the line of the former city walls.
Historic centre
The old urban core makes up the "Historic centre", situated in the district of the same name. Novara once had an encircling wall, which was demolished to permit urban development. Of the old wall there remains only the Barriera Albertina, a complex of two neo-classical buildings that constituted the gate of entry to the city, the required passageway for those who traveled from Turin to Milan. After their removal, the walls were replaced by the present-day baluardi, the broad, tree-lined boulevards that surround the Historic Centre.
The most imposing monument in the city is the Basilica of San Gaudenzio, with a cupola 121 metres in height, designed by Alessandro Antonelli and constructed in 1888. Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The bell tower is also of particular interest; it was designed by Benedetto Alfieri, uncle of the more famous Vittorio Alfieri. Count Vittorio Alfieri ( 16 January 1749 &ndash 8 October 1803) was an Italian Dramatist, considered the "founder
The centre of the religious life of the city is the Duomo (Cathedral), in the neo-classical style, also designed by Alessandro Antonelli. It rises exactly where the temple of Jupiter stood in the time of the Romans. Facing the Duomo is the oldest building in Novara today: the early Christian Battistero (Baptistry).
Close to the Duomo is the courtyard of the Broletto (the historic meeting place of the city council), the centre of the political life of the imperial free city of Novara. Overlooking the courtyard of the Broletto are the Palazzo del Podestà ("Palace of the Podestà"), Palazzetto dei Paratici ("Little Palace of the Paratici Family"), site of the Civic Museum and of the Gallery of Modern Art, the Palace of the City Council, and a building of the 15th century. For information on the phantom island of the same name see Podesta (island.
Not far from the Piazza della Repubblica (formerly Piazza Duomo) is the Piazza Cesare Battisti (known to Novaresi as the Piazza delle Erbe, "Herbs square"), which constitutes the exact centre of the city of Novara.
In Piazza Giacomo Matteotti stands the Palazzo Natta-Isola, seat of the province and of the prefecture of Novara. The landmark feature of this palace is its clock tower. Extending from this square is the via Fratelli Rosselli, along which is the Palazzo Cabrino, the official seat of the administrative offices of the city. As it was a Roman city, the street network of Novara is characterized by a cardo and a Decumanus Maximus, which correspond respectively to the present-day Corso Italia and Corso Cavour. In Ancient Roman City planning, a cardo or cardus was a north-south-oriented street in cities military camps and coloniae Sometimes called In Roman city planning, a decumanus was an east-west-oriented road in a Roman city Castra (military camp or colonia. The two streets cross at the so-called "Angolo delle Ore" (Corner of the Hours).
The largest square is Piazza Martiri della Libertà (formerly Piazza Castello) dominated by the equestrian statue of Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of Italy. Victor Emmanuel II King of Italy ( Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Overlooking the Piazza Martiri are the Castello Visconteo-Sforzesco, built by the Milanese dukes Visconti and Sforza, and the Teatro Coccia. The following is a list of rulers of Milan from the 13th century to 1859 when Milan and the rest of Lombardy were incorporated into the Kingdom of Visconti was the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan. The Castello Visconteo-Sforzesco, once much larger than the complex that remains today, is surrounded by the Allea, one of the largest public gardens in Novara.
Other important squares are
- Largo Cavour, dominated by the statue of the same name, recently restored.
- Piazza Garibaldi, the square facing the Novara Railway Station, also recently restored and featuring the statue of the hero of two worlds and by a fountain.
- Piazza Gramsci, formerly Piazza del Rosario, location, after the restoration of 2005, of the landmark statue of Icarus.
Outside of the Baluardi
Places of interest situated outside of the belt of the baluardi include the Church of San Nazzaro della Costa, with its attached abbey, restored in the 1400s by Bernardino of Siena, and the Ossuary of Bicocca, in pyramidal form, which stands in the neighbourhood of Bicocca, in memory of the fallen soldiers of the historic battle of 23 March 1849 between the Piedmontese (Sardinia) and Austrians. Saint Bernardino of Siena (sometimes Bernardine, September 8 1380 &ndash May 20, 1444) was an Italian priest preacher Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow. Year 1849 ( MDCCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Worthy of note are the Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie (Saints Martino and Gaudenzio), built beginning in 1477 by the Augustinians, whose interior consists of a single nave with lateral chapels and paintings attributed to artists of the 15th century, among them Daniele de Bosis.
Festivals and events
- On 22 January of every year, Novara celebrates the Feast of San Gaudenzio (Saint Gaudentius of Novara), the patron saint of Novara. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Throughout the day, it is possible to visit the tomb of the saint and to obtain the typical roasted chestnuts, also known as marroni di Cuneo (" Cuneo chestnuts").
- 23 March: Re-enactment of the 1849 Battle of Novara, with period uniforms and weapons. Events 1174 - Jocelin, Abbot of Melrose, is elected Bishop of Glasgow.
- On 25 April, Liberation Day, as in many other Italian cities, the Novaresi organise numerous initiatives to commemorate the Italian resistance movement, and in particular, the partisans who fought around Novara and in the "Partisan Republic of the Ossola". Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. The Italian Resistance movement was a partisan force during World War II. A partisan is a member of an Irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation
- Since 2001, Giovani Espressioni ("Young Expressions") has been held in Novara. This is a musical festival for emerging young musicians, organised by Staff Millennium, a performance agency, of which Alessandro Marchetti is the artistic director. The "Espressioni Contest" is of special importance as a showcase for emerging bands that picks a winner every year. Among the noted artists who have participated are Negramaro, Caparezza, Finley, Vallanzaska, Extrema, and Blaze Bailey.
Economy
Novara is an important commercial centre of the Padan plain and is the seat of the Centro Intermodale Merci (CIM: Goods Intermodal Centre). Po RiverThe Po Valley (Pianura Padana or Val Padana is a major geographical feature of Italy. Economically, it is affected by the proximity of Milan, and in fact many Milanese firms have offices in Novara.
The main economic products and services are
- agriculture: rice and maize (American English: corn)
- metallurgical production
- chemicals and petrochemicals
- pharmaceuticals
- food products
- intermodal commerce and logistics
- banking and insurance services
- rice products exchange
The city of Novara is a member of the TOP-IX (Torino-Piemonte Exchange Point) internet exchange consortium, a consortium to create an Internet Exchange Point for northwestern Italy. An Internet exchange point ( IX or IXP) is a physical infrastructure that allows different Internet service providers (ISPs to exchange Internet
Transportation
The local public transportation agency is the SUN.
Railways
The city is served by two railway stations:
- Novara FS, the principal station of the Ferrovie dello Stato, Italy's national railway. The Ferrovie dello Stato (Italian State Railways or FS is the operator of the Italian Railway network
- Novara Nord, the station operated by the LeNORD railway. The new station in via Leonardo da Vinci opened in 2005. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Motorways and main roads
Novara is linked to Turin and Milan by the A4 motorway (via the junctions Novara Ovest and Novara Est). The A26 motorway crosses most of Novara province, but there is not a junction that links it directly with Novara. To reach Novara from the A26, one must exit at Vercelli Est, but one can also reach Novara by way of the A4, which crosses the A26 at a junction. Novara is served by a system of dual-carriageway bypasses. The oldest such bypass is the Tangenziale Est, directly linked with the motorway junction Novara Est. In 2003 road works were completed on the Tangenziale Sud.
The S11 trunk road from Milan and Magenta passes through Novara on its way to Vercelli and Turin. Magenta is a town and Comune in the Province of Milan in Lombardy, northern Italy. Vercelli ( Varséj in Piedmontese) is a City of about 50000 inhabitants in the Province of Vercelli in Piedmont in northern Trunk roads to the north and south also link Novara to the motorway network.
Local government
The mayor of Novara, Massimo Giordano, has served since 6 June 2006. Events 1508 - Maximilian I Holy Roman Emperor, is defeated in Friulia by Venetian forces; he is forced to sign a three-year Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
Novara is divided into thirteen wards (circoscrizioni); several of these are formed of a number of quarters (quartieri), zones, and/or frazioni
- Centro (Historic Centre)
- Nord est (North East)
- Sant’Andrea (quartiere)
- San Rocco (quartiere)
- Nord (North)
- Sant’Antonio (quartiere)
- Vignale (frazione)
- Veveri (frazione)
- Sant’Agabio
- Porta Mortara
- Sacro Cuore
- San Martino
- Santa Rita
- Ovest (West)
- San Paolo (quartiere)
- Zona Agogna (zone)
- Sud (South)
- Cittadella (quartiere)
- Rizzotaglia (quartiere)
- Villagio Dalmazia (quartiere)
- Torrion Quartara (frazione)
- Sud est (South East)
- Bicocca (quartiere)
- Olengo (frazione)
- Lumellogno
- Lumellogno (frazione)
- Casalgiate (frazione)
- Pagliate (frazione)
- Gionzana (frazione)
- Pernate
Notable Novaresi
- See also: Category:People from Novara
- Felice Casorati (1883–1963), painter. Circoscrizione (plural circoscrizioni) can refer to two different administrative units of Italy. A quartiere (plural quartieri) is a subdivision of certain Italian towns A frazione, in Italy, is the name given in administrative law to a type of territorial subdivision of a Comune; for other Administrative Lumellogno is a settlement of some 1500 people to the south-west of the city of Novara in the Italian province Piedmont. Felice Casorati ( December 4, 1883 - March 1, 1963) was an Italian painter primarily of figure compositions portraits and still
- Carlo Emanuele Buscaglia (1915–1944), aviator. Carlo Emanuele Buscaglia ( 22 September, 1915 &ndash 24 August, 1944) was an Italian aviator and one of the most famous Italian pilots of
- Vittorio Gregotti (born 1927), architect. Vittorio Gregotti (born 1927 is an Italian architect born in Novara.
- Domenico Fioravanti (born 1977), swimmer. Domenico Fioravanti (born May 31, 1977) is a retired Italian competitive swimmer who won two gold medals in the 2000 Summer Olympics in
Twin cities
See also
- Battle of Novara (1513)
- Battle of Novara (1849)
- Battle of Bicocca
- Novara Calcio football club
- Province of Novara
External links
- Comune di Novara, city government website (Italian)
- Turismo Novara (tourist office) (Italian) (English)
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic