Notting Hill
Notting Hill shown within Greater London
OS grid reference	TQ245805
London borough	Kensington & Chelsea
Ceremonial county	Greater London
Region	London
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LONDON
Postcode district	W11 & W10
Dialling code	020
Police	Metropolitan
Fire	London
Ambulance	London
European Parliament	London
London Assembly	West Central
List of places: UK • England • London

Coordinates: 51°30′35″N 0°12′16″W / 51.5096, -0.2043

Notting Hill is an area in West London, England close to the north-western corner of Hyde Park, and lying within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Notting Hill is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, situated between Mount Waverley and Clayton North. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea ( (often abbreviated to RBKC) is a London borough in the west side of Central London. 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A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a partial list of places in London, England See List of places in England for lists of settlements in other counties A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. West London is the area of Greater London to the west of Central London. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Hyde Park is one of the largest Parks in central London, England and one of the Royal Parks of London, famous for its Speakers' Corner The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea ( (often abbreviated to RBKC) is a London borough in the west side of Central London. It is a cosmopolitan district known as the location for the annual Notting Hill Carnival, the setting for the 1999 film Notting Hill starring Julia Roberts and Hugh Grant, and for being home to the Portobello Road Market. Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event which takes place on the streets of Notting Hill, London, UK each August over two days (Sunday Notting Hill is a 1999 Romantic comedy film set in Notting Hill, London, released on 21 May 1999 Julia Fiona Roberts (born October 28 1967 is an American - Academy Award winning Film actress and former Fashion model. Hugh John Mungo Grant (born 9 September 1960 is a British Actor and Film producer. Portobello Road is a road in the Notting Hill district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in west London, England. ^[1]

Notting Hill has a contemporary reputation as an affluent and fashionable area^[2]; known for attractive terraces of large Victorian townhouses, and high-class shopping and restaurants (particularly around Westbourne Grove and Clarendon Cross). In Architecture and City planning, a terrace(d or row house or townhouse (though the latter term can also refer to Patio houses The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era. Westbourne Grove is a retail road running across Notting Hill, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Notting Hill is an area in West London, England close to the north-western corner of Hyde Park, and lying within the Royal Borough of Kensington and A Daily Telegraph article in 2004 used the phrase "The Notting Hill Set" ^[3] to refer to a group of young Conservative politicians, such as leader David Cameron and shadow Chancellor George Osborne. For "The Daily Telegraph" in Australia see The Daily Telegraph (Australia. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. David William Donald Cameron (born 9 October 1966 is a British Politician and the current leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of Her Majesty's The Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer in the British Parliamentary system is the member of the Shadow Cabinet who is responsible for shadowing the Chancellor of the Exchequer Gideon George Oliver Osborne (born 23 May, 1971 in London) is a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom, and has been However, the large houses have also provided multi-occupancy rentals for much of the 20th century, attracting Caribbean immigrants in the 1950s who eventually clashed with the indigenous Teddy boys in the Notting Hill race riots. The term Indigenous Peoples or autochthonous peoples can be used to describe any Ethnic group who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest historical The British Teddy Boy Subculture is typified by young men wearing clothes inspired by the styles of the Edwardian period, which Savile Row tailors The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially-motivated riots which took place in the Notting Hill area of London, England over several

In addition, Notting Hill has had an association with artists and "alternative" culture since its development in the 1820s. ^[4][5] There are also areas of deprivation to the north,^[6] sometimes referred to as "North Kensington", or the "Ladbroke Grove" area, from the name of the same street.

Contents 1 History 1.1 Origin of the Notting Hill name 1.2 Potteries & Piggeries 1.3 19th century development 1.4 20th century progress 2 Geography 3 Areas of Notting Hill 3.1 Ladbroke Grove 3.2 Notting Hill Gate 3.3 Westbourne Grove 3.4 North Kensington 3.5 Portobello Road 4 Carnival 5 Notting Hill race riots 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

History

Origin of the Notting Hill name

The origin of the name "Notting Hill" is uncertain ^[7] though an early version appears in the Patent Rolls of 1356 as Knottynghull ^[8][9], while an 1878 text, Old and New London, reports that the name derives from a manor in Kensington called "Knotting-Bernes,", "Knutting-Barnes," or "Nutting-barns"^[5], and goes on to quote from a court record during Henry VIII's reign that "the manor called Notingbarons, alias Kensington, in the parish of Paddington, was held of the Abbot of Westminster". The Patent Rolls ( Calendarium Rotulorum Patentium, Rotuli litterarum patentium) are primary sources for English history, a record of the King of England Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of It is thought likely that the "Nott" section of the name is derived from the Saxon personal name Cnotta,^[10] with the "ing" part generally accepted as coming from the Saxon for a group or settlement of people. ^[11]

Potteries & Piggeries

The area in the west around Pottery Lane was used in the early 19th century for making bricks and tiles out of the heavy clay dug in the area. The clay was shaped and fired in a series of brick and tile kilns. ^[12] On Walmer Road is the only remaining 19th century tile kiln in London ^[13] In the same area pig farmers moved in after being forced out of the Marble Arch area. Avondale Park was created in 1892 out of a former area of pig slurry called 'the Ocean'. This was part of a general cleanup of the area which had become known as the Potteries & Piggeries.

19th century development

The area remained rural until the westward expansion of London reached Bayswater in the early 19th century. Bayswater is an area of west London in the City of Westminster. The main landowner in Notting Hill was the Ladbroke family, and from the 1820s they began to lay out streets and houses, with a view to turning the area into a fashionable suburb of the capital (although the development did not get seriously under way until the 1840s). Many of these streets bear the Ladbroke name, including Ladbroke Grove (the main north-south axis of the area) and Ladbroke Square (which is the largest private garden square in London).

The original idea was to call the district Kensington Park, and other roads (notably Kensington Park Road and Kensington Park Gardens) are remainders of this. The local telephone prefix 7727 is based on the old telephone exchange name of PARK. A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The Director System was a system which made it possible to call subscribers at other Telephone exchanges without operator intervention In the field of Telecommunications, a telephone exchange or telephone switch is a system of electronic components that connects telephone calls ^[14]

The principal architect of this plan was the Ladbroke family surveyor, Thomas Allom; and its distinctive feature was that instead of houses being set around a garden square, separated from the houses by a road around the square, houses were placed around the edge of the garden square; with the road on the other side of the house. This meant that the houses had direct access at the back to a secluded communal garden, to which people on the street did not have access; and which could not even be seen from the street (mostly). These communal gardens continue to provide the area with much of its attraction for the richest householders.

In 1837 the Hippodrome racecourse was laid out. ^[15] The racecourse ran around the hill, and bystanders were expected to watch from the summit of the hill. However, it was not a success as it became waterlogged, and was closed in 1841, after which houses were built on the site. The crescent shaped roads which circumvent the hill (Blenheim Crescent, Elgin Crescent, Stanley Crescent, Cornwall Crescent, Landsdowne Crescent), were built over the circular racecourse tracks.

The Notting Hill houses were large, but they did not immediately succeed in enticing the very richest Londoners, who tended to live closer to the centre of London in Mayfair or Belgravia. Mayfair is an area of central London, England, within the City of Westminster. Belgravia is a district of central London in the City of Westminster, situated to the south-west of Buckingham Palace. Rather, the houses appealed to the upper middle class, who could live there in Belgravia style at lower prices. In the opening chapter of John Galsworthy's Forsyte Saga novels, he housed the Nicholas Forsytes "in Ladbroke Grove, a spacious abode and a great bargain". John Galsworthy OM (ˈgɔːlzwɝːðɪ ( 14 August, 1867 — 31 January, 1933) was an English Novelist and The Forsyte Saga is a series of three Novels and two interludes by John Galsworthy. ^[16]

20th century progress

In common with many parts of London, the reputation of the district evolved significantly over the course of the 20th century. As middle class households ceased to employ servants, the large Notting Hill houses lost their market and were increasingly split into multiple occupations. In the postwar period the name Notting Hill evoked a down-at-heel area of cheap lodgings, epitomised by the notorious racketeering landlord Peter Rachman. Peter Rachman (1919&ndash 29 November 1962 was a London Landlord in the mid-20th century active in the Notting Hill area in the 1950s and 1960s The area to the north east, Golborne, was particularly known for being, in the words of Charles Booth, "one of the worst areas in London". Charles Booth can refer to Frederick Charles Booth, Victoria Cross winner Charles Stephen Booth, Canadian member of parliament from 1940 ^[17] Southam Street had 2,400 people living in 140 nine-roomed houses in 1923, and the slum children from this street were documented in the 1950s photographs of Roger Mayne. Roger Mayne (born 1929 in Cambridge) is an English Photographer, most famous for his documentation of the children of Southam Street London. The slums were cleared during redevelopment in the 1960s and '70s when the Westway Flyover and Trellick Tower were built. The Westway is a 25 mile-long elevated Dual carriageway section of the A40 route in west London running from Paddington to North Kensington Trellick Tower is a 31-storey block of flats in North Kensington, London, W10. It is now home to a vibrant Mediterranean community, mainly Portuguese, Spanish and Moroccan. ^[18]

By the 1980s, single-occupation houses began to return to favour with families who could afford to occupy them, and parts of Notting Hill are among London's most desirable areas. The parts of Notting Hill near Holland Park are characterised by well-maintained stucco-fronted pillar-porched houses, private gardens, communal gardens, access to the public parks at Holland Park and Kensington Gardens, and smart shops. The area's newer, wealthy residents are satirised in Rachel Johnson's 2006 novel Notting Hell, which is set in grand houses surrounding a fictional communal garden. Rachel Johnson (born 1965 is a English Journalist and Author based in London.

Notting Hill features as a backdrop to novels by G. K. Chesterton (The Napoleon of Notting Hill), Colin Macinnes (Absolute Beginners) and Michael Moorcock (the Jerry Cornelius quartet). Gilbert Keith Chesterton (29 May 1874 – 14 June 1936 was an influential English writer of the early 20th century The Napoleon of Notting Hill is a Novel written by G K Chesterton in 1904 set in a nearly-unchanged London in 1984 This article is about the book Absolute Beginners For the film see Absolute Beginners (film. Michael John Moorcock (born 18 December 1939, in London) is an English writer primarily of Science fiction and fantasy who has also The area is also the setting of the Rita Tushingham movie The Knack (and how to get it) (1965), and Nicolas Roeg's 1968 film Performance starring Mick Jagger. Rita Tushingham (b 14 March 1942; erroneously reported by some sources as 1940 Liverpool, England) is a noted British actress Nicolas Jack Roeg, BSC (born August 15, 1928 in London) is an English Cinematographer and Film director. Performance is a British film made in 1968 but not released until 1970. Sir Michael Philip "Mick" Jagger, Kt (born 26 July 1943 is a Golden Globe -winning and two-time Grammy -winning English rock

Geography

Notting Hill is roughly encompassed by the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea’s electoral wards of Colville, Norland and Pembridge. It is bounded to the north by Oxford Gardens, to the west by Pembridge Villas and Ladbroke Grove, to the south by Holland Park Avenue/Notting Hill Gate and to the east by Ledbury Road and Great Western Road.

There are three tube stations in the area: Westbourne Grove; Ladbroke Grove; Notting Hill Gate.

Ladbroke Grove tube station was called Notting Hill when it opened in 1864. The name was changed in 1919 to avoid confusion with the new Notting Hill Gate station.

Areas of Notting Hill

Ladbroke Grove

Ladbroke Grove is a road in Notting Hill and also the name given to the immediate area surrounding the road. Portobello Road is a road in the Notting Hill district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in west London, England. It is in the northern part of Notting Hill, stretching up to Kensal Green, straddling the W10 and W11 postal districts. Kensal Green is a neighbourhood in the London Borough of Brent. The London postal district is the area in England, currently of 241 square miles to which mail addressed to the LONDON Post town is delivered Ladbroke Grove tube station is located on the road, at the point where it is crossed by the Westway. Ladbroke Grove is a London Underground station on the Hammersmith and City Line, between Latimer Road and Westbourne Park stations and The Westway is a 25 mile-long elevated Dual carriageway section of the A40 route in west London running from Paddington to North Kensington

The psychedelic rock band Hawkwind formed here in 1969, ^[19], later working with fantasy author Michael Moorcock who then was a resident. Hawkwind are a British rock band, one of the earliest Space rock groups Michael John Moorcock (born 18 December 1939, in London) is an English writer primarily of Science fiction and fantasy who has also The Deviants and Pink Fairies were musical groups out of the Ladbroke Grove UK Underground Community, from which a number of bands would emerge, influenced by anarchistic singer/writer Mick Farren. The Pink This is about the 1960s cultural movement For the tube train system see London Underground. Michael 'Mick' Farren (born 3 September 1943, in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire) is an English journalist author and singer associated with the Punk group The Clash also formed locally in 1976. For the debut album by The Clash see The Clash (album The Clash were The Roughler emerged in the 1980s and 1990s to chronicle the antics of the more Bohemian residents, including the legendary Portobello Pantos. The Roughler Magazine chronicled life in Ladbroke Grove in the 80s and 90s before the last Bohemians were forced out Pantomime (informally panto) (not to be confused with a Mime artist, referring to a theatrical performer of mime is a performance genre traditionally found

In 1999, 31 people died in the Ladbroke Grove rail crash. The Ladbroke Grove Rail Crash (also known as the Paddington train crash) was a Rail accident which occurred on 5 October 1999 at Ladbroke

Celebrities currently living on this road include the socialite James Hudson and David Beckham's former personal assistant Rebecca Loos. James Hudson may refer to James Hudson (rugby player Guardian (Marvel Comics or James Hudson a Marvel comics character David Robert Joseph Beckham, and is also a member of the England national team. Rebecca Loos (born on 19 June 1977 in Madrid, Spain) is a Dutch Glamour model and aspiring Singer who was

Notting Hill Gate

Main article: Notting Hill Gate

A turnpike gate was constructed at the foot of the hill on the main road from London to Uxbridge, which is now known as Oxford Street, Bayswater Road and Holland Park Avenue along this part of its route. Notting Hill Gate is one of the main thoroughfares of Notting Hill, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. A toll road, (also known as a tollway, turnpike, pike, or toll highway, especially if it is constructed to Freeway standards Oxford Street is a major thoroughfare in London, England in the City of Westminster. The point at which the turnpike gate stood was known as Notting Hill Gate. The gate was there to stop people passing along the road without paying. The proceeds were applied towards the maintenance of this important road. The gate was removed in the 19th century.

Westbourne Grove

Main article: Westbourne Grove

Westbourne Grove is a retail road running across Notting Hill from Kensington Park Road in the west to Queensway in the east, crossing over Portobello Road. Westbourne Grove is a retail road running across Notting Hill, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. It contains a mixture of independent and chain retailers,^[20], and has been termed both "fashionable" and "up-and-coming". ^[21]

The Notting Hill Carnival passes along the central part of Westbourne Grove.

North Kensington

Main article: North Kensington

North Kensington is the key neighbourhood of Notting Hill. North Kensington is an area of west London lying north of Notting Hill Gate and south of Harrow Road It is where most of the violence of the Notting Hill Race Riots race riots of 1958 occurred, where the Notting Hill Carnival started and where most of the scenes in the Notting Hill movie were shot. The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially-motivated riots which took place in the Notting Hill area of London, England over several

Even the area’s main transport hub, Ladbroke Grove tube station, was originally called Notting Hill from its opening in 1864 until 1919. The name was changed then to avoid confusion with the new Notting Hill Gate station.

Estate agents now call the super-rich area to the south Notting Hill; they are in fact referring to the neighbourhoods of Notting Hill Gate and Holland Park.

North Kensington was once an area well-known for its slum housing, as documented in the photographs of Roger Maine. Yet property prices have now reached dizzying heights as hordes of international investment bankers buy up the stuccoed Victorian houses.

However, North Kensington still has high levels of poverty and unemployment and a high-proportion of social (taxpayer-subsidised) housing for rent. This means that it retains the cultural and class mix which has always made it a vigorous, exciting and, at times, dangerous neighbourhood.

Waves of immigrants have arrived for at least a century including, but certainly not limited to, the Irish, the Jews, the West Indians, the Spanish, the Moroccans and many from the Horn of Africa and Eastern Europe. This constant renewal of the population makes the area one of the most cosmopolitan in the world.

Though Ladbroke Grove is the area’s main thoroughfare, its best known street is Portobello Road with its street market. Many locals say that Golborne Road, at the northern end of Portobello Road, is a good representation of what Portobello Road was like before companies like Starbucks and American Apparel colonised Portobello.

Portobello Road

Main article: Portobello Road

Portobello Road runs almost the entire length of Notting Hill from north to south. Portobello Road is a road in the Notting Hill district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in west London, England. It runs parallel to Ladbroke Grove road. It contains Portobello Road Market, one of London's most famous markets, known for its antique section, as well as the local second-hand, fruit and veg and clothing stalls. Portobello Road is a road in the Notting Hill district of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in west London, England. An antique ( Latin: antiquus; old is an old Collectible item It is collected or desirable because of its age rarity condition utility or other unique It was originally a lane leading to Portobello Farm in the north of Notting Hill.

Carnival

Main article: Notting Hill Carnival

Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event which takes place each August, over two days (Sunday and the following bank holiday). Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event which takes place on the streets of Notting Hill, London, UK each August over two days (Sunday Notting Hill Carnival is an annual event which takes place on the streets of Notting Hill, London, UK each August over two days (Sunday Carnival is a festival season which occurs immediately before Lent; the main events are usually during February and March A bank holiday is a Public holiday in the United Kingdom and also in the Republic of Ireland. It has continuously taken place on the streets of Notting Hill since 1965^[22]. It is led by members of the Caribbean population, many of whom have lived in the area since the 1950s. The carnival has attracted up to 1. 5 million people in the past, putting it among the largest street festivals in Europe.

It attracted press attention in 1976 for clashes with the police^[23], which continued for several years. More recently however Carnival has been seen as a peaceful event, and attracts press attention for the attendance figures.

As the event grew, concerns about the size of the event prompted Ken Livingstone to set up a Carnival Review Group to look into "formulating guidelines to safeguard the future of the Carnival"^[24]. Kenneth Robert Livingstone (born 17 June 1945 is a British Socialist Politician. An interim report by the review resulted in a change to the route in 2002. When the full report was published in 2004, it was recommended that Hyde Park be used as a "savannah"; though this move has attracted some concern that the Hyde Park event may overshadow the original street carnival^[25]. Hyde Park is one of the largest Parks in central London, England and one of the Royal Parks of London, famous for its Speakers' Corner

In 2003 Carnival was run by a limited company, the Notting Hill Carnival Trust Ltd. A corporation is a separate legal entity usually used to conduct business A report by the London Development Agency on the 2002 Carnival estimated that the event contributes around £93 million to the London and UK economy. The economy of the United Kingdom is the fifth largest in the world in terms of market Exchange rates and the sixth largest by Purchasing power parity

Notting Hill race riots

Main article: Notting Hill race riots

The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially-motivated riots which took place in the Notting Hill area of London, England over several nights in late August and early September 1958. The Notting Hill race riots were a series of racially-motivated riots which took place in the Notting Hill area of London, England over several Race Riot is a 1929 animated Short subject, featuring Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

The riot is thought to have started on 20 August when a gang of white youths attacked a white Swedish woman, Majbritt Morrison, who was married to a West Indian man. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. ^[26] Later that night a mob of 300 to 400 white people, many of them "Teddy Boys", were seen on Bramley Road attacking the houses of West Indian residents. The British Teddy Boy Subculture is typified by young men wearing clothes inspired by the styles of the Edwardian period, which Savile Row tailors

The disturbances, rioting and attacks continued every night until they finally petered out by 5 September. Events 1590 - Alexander Farnese 's army forces Henry IV of France to raise the siege of Paris.

See also

• Bayswater
• Holland Park
• White City
• Paddington
• Kensal Green
• Westbourne Grove

References

External links

• Notting Hill Nonsense, a website about life in North Kensington, the true heart of Notting Hill.
• Golborne Life, the community website for the Golborne Road area of North Kensington. * Portobello Village - Illustrated map guide to Notting Hill
• Westbourne Grove - Shopping Guide
• Clarendon Cross - Shops and map
• Notting Hill Guide created by local residents
• All Saints Road - Shopping map guide
• Open Guide to Notting Hill
• Portobello History website

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