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For the use of the term Nostalgia on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Nostalgia.

The term nostalgia describes a longing for the past, often in idealized form. Idealization ( British English: idealisation) is the process by which scientific models assume facts about the phenomenon being modeled that are certainly

The word is made up of two Greek roots (νόστος nostos "returning home", and άλγος algos "pain"), to refer to "the pain a sick person feels because he wishes to return to his native land, and fears never to see it again". It was described as a medical condition, a form of melancholy, in the Early Modern period, and came to be an important topos in Romanticism. The early modern period is a term used by historians to refer to the period in Western '''Europe''' and its first colonies which spans the three centuries between Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the

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As a medical condition

Main article: Homesickness

The term was coined in 1688 by Johannes Hofer (1669-1752) in his Basel dissertation. Homesickness (or in some cases Nostalgia) is the distress or impairment caused by an actual or anticipated separation from the specific Home environment "Basilia" redirects here For the Fly Genus, see Basilia (fly. Hofer introduced nostalgia or mal du pays "homesickness" for the condition also known as mal du Suisse "Swiss illness" or Schweizerheimweh "Swiss homesickness", because of its frequent occurrence in Swiss mercenaries who in the plains of lowlands of France or Italy were pining for their native mountain landscapes. Homesickness (or in some cases Nostalgia) is the distress or impairment caused by an actual or anticipated separation from the specific Home environment Swiss mercenaries were soldiers notable for their service in foreign armies especially the armies of the Kings of France, throughout the Early Modern period of European English homesickness is a loan translation of nostalgia. In Linguistics, a calque (kælk or loan translation is a Word or Phrase borrowed from another Language by Literal, word-for-word

Cases resulting in death were known and soldiers were sometimes successfully treated by being discharged and sent home. Receiving a diagnosis was, however, generally regarded as an insult. In 1787, Robert Hamilton (1749-1830) described a case of a soldier suffering from nostalgia, who received sensitive and successful treatment:

"In the year 1781, while I lay in barracks at Tin mouth in the north of England, a recruit who had lately joined the regiment,. Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a For the game see 1830 (board game. Year 1830 ( MDCCCXXX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display This article concerns itself with the village For the Parliament constituency of the same name see Tynemouth (UK Parliament constituency Tynemouth England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland . . was returned in sick list, with a message from his captain, requesting I would take him into the hospital. He had only been a few months a soldier; was young, handsome, and well-made for the service; but a melancholy hung over his countenance, and wanness preyed on his cheeks. He complained of a universal weakness, but no fixed pain; a noise in his ears, and giddiness of his head. . . . As there were little obvious symptoms of fever, I did not well know what to make of the case. . . Some weeks passed with little alteration. . . excepting that he was evidently become more meager. He scarcely took any nourishment. . . became indolent. . . He was put on a course of strengthening medicines; wine was allowed him. All proved ineffectual. He had now been in the hospital three months, and was quite emaciated, and like one in the last stage of consumption. . . On making my morning visit, and inquiring, as usual, of his rest at the nurse, she happened to mention the strong notions he had got in his head, she said, of home, and of his friends. What he was able to speak was constantly on this topic. This I had never heard of before. . . He had talked in the same style, it seems, less or more, ever since he came into the hospital. I went immediately up to him, and introduced the subject; and from the alacrity with which he resumed it. . I found it a theme which much affected him. He asked me, with earnestness, if I would let him go home. I pointed out to him how unfit he was, from his weakness to undertake such a journey [he was a Welchman] till once he was better; but promised him, assuredly, without farther hesitation, that as soon as he was able he should have six weeks to go home. He revived at the very thought of it. . . His apeitite soon mended; and I saw in less than a week, evident signs of recovery. "

By the 1850s, nostalgia was losing its status as a disease and coming to be seen as a symptom or stage of a pathological process. Events and Trends Industry Production of Steel revolutionized by invention of the Bessemer process Benjamin Silliman It was considered as a form of melancholia and a predisposing condition among suicides. By the 1870s, interest in nostalgia as a medical category had all but vanished. Events and Trends Technology The invention of the prototype telephone by Alexander G

Romanticism

Swiss nostalgia was strongly linked to the singing of Kuhreihen. A Ranz des Vaches or Kuhreihen is a simple Melody traditionally played on the horn by the Swiss Alpine herdsmen as they drove their The claim that these songs were forbidden on pain of death to Swiss mercenaries because their causing violent nostalgia to the point of desertion, illness or death in their compatriots was widely repeated in the 18th century, and appears in the 1767 Dictionnaire de Musique by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. It became somewhat of a topos in Romantic literature, and figures in the poem Der Schweizer by Achim von Arnim (1805) and in Clemens Brentano's Des Knaben Wunderhorn (1809) as well as in the opera Le Chalet by Adolphe Charles Adam (1834) which was performed for Queen Victoria under the title The Swiss Cottage. Ludwig Achim (or Joachim) von Arnim ( January 26, 1781 &ndash January 21, 1831) was a German Poet Clemens Brentano, or Klemens Brentano ( September 9, 1778 &ndash July 28, 1842) was a German Poet and WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Adolphe Charles Adam ( July 24, 1803 &ndash May 3, Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland The Romantic connection of nostalgia, the Kuhreihen and the Swiss Alps was a significant factor in the enthusiasm for Switzerland, the development of early tourism in Switzerland and Alpinism that took hold of the European cultural elite in the 19th century. The Swiss Alps (Schweizer Alpen Alpes suisses Alpi svizzere Alps svizras are the central portion of the Alps Mountain range that lies within Tourists are drawn to Switzerland 's Alpine climate and landscapes, in particular for skiing and mountaineering. The higher region of the Alps were long left to the exclusiveattention of the men of the adjoining valleys even when Alpine travellers(as distinguished from Alpine climbers began to visit

German Romanticism coined an opposite to Heimweh, Fernweh "far-sickness", "longing to be far away", like Wanderlust expressing the Romantic desire to travel and explore. Wanderlust is a Loanword from German to English that designates a strong desire for or impulse to wander or in modern usage to travel and to explore

See also

References

Dictionary

nostalgia

-noun

  1. A severe longing for home or familiar surroundings; homesickness.
  2. A bittersweet yearning for the things of the past.
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