The Northern Hemisphere^[1] is the half of a planet that is north of the equator—the word hemisphere literally means 'half ball'. A planet, as defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU is a celestial body Orbiting a Star or stellar remnant that is This is about the direction for other uses see North (disambiguation. The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the "Globose" redirects here See also Globose nucleus. A sphere (from Greek σφαίρα - sphaira, "globe It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator. In Astronomy and Navigation, the celestial sphere is an imaginary rotating Sphere of "gigantic Radius " The celestial equator is a Great circle on the imaginary Celestial sphere, in the same plane as the Earth 's Equator. Earth's northern hemisphere contains most of the land and most of the human population (about 90%). EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 The world population is the total number of living Humans on Earth at a given time

Contents 1 Geography and climate 2 List of continents and countries 2.1 Continents 2.2 African countries 2.3 South American countries 2.4 Oceania 3 See also 4 References

Geography and climate

See also Arctic, Temperate zone, Tropics, Seasons and Climate

Due to the Earth's axial tilt, winter lasts from the winter solstice (typically December 22) to the vernal equinox (typically March 20) whilst summer lasts from the summer solstice (typically June 21) through to the autumnal equinox (typically September 21). The Arctic is the Region around the Earth 's North Pole, opposite the Antarctic region around the South Pole. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 A season is one of the major divisions of the Year, generally based on yearly periodic changes in Weather. Climate encompasses the temperatures humidity rainfall atmospheric particle count and numerous other meteorogical factors in a given region over long periods of EARTH was a short-lived Japanese vocal trio which released 6 singles and 1 album between 2000 and 2001 In Astronomy, axial tilt is the Inclination angle of a planet's rotational axis in relation to its orbital plane. The winter solstice occurs at the instant when the Sun 's position in the sky is at its greatest angular distance on the other side of the equatorial plane from the Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies An equinox is the event of the Sun passing over the Earth's equator in its annual cycle Events 1600 - The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden. Solstices occur twice a year when the tilt of the Earth's axis is most oriented toward or away from the Sun, causing the Sun to reach its northernmost and southernmost extremes Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce. An equinox is the event of the Sun passing over the Earth's equator in its annual cycle Events 1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights.

The Arctic is the region north of the Arctic Circle. The Arctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. Its climate is characterized by cold winters and cool summers. Precipitation mostly comes in the form of snow. The Arctic experiences some days in summer on which the sun never sets, and some days in winter on which the sun never rises. The duration of these phases varies from one day for places right on the Arctic Circle to several months near the North Pole itself. The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is subject to the caveats explained below defined as the point in the northern

Between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer lies the Northern Temperate Zone. For the novel by Henry Miller, see Tropic of Cancer (novel. The Tropic of Cancer, or Northern tropic, is one of five The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally mild, rather than extreme hot or cold. However, a temperate climate can have very unpredictable weather.

Tropical regions (between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator) are generally hot all year round and tend to experience a rainy season during the 'summer' months, and a dry season during the 'winter' months. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 The equator (sometimes referred to colloquially as "the Line") is the intersection of the Earth 's surface with the plane perpendicular to the A wet season or rainy season is a Season in which the average Rainfall in a region is significantly increased The dry season is a term commonly used when describing the weather in the Tropics.

Hurricanes and tropical storms spin anti-clockwise in the northern hemisphere due to the Coriolis effect. A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low pressure center and numerous Thunderstorms that produce strong winds and Flooding A clockwise motion is one that proceeds 'like the Clock 's hands' from the top to the right then down and then to the left and back to the top In physics the Coriolis effect is an apparent deflection of moving objects when they are viewed from a Rotating frame of reference. In contrast they spin clockwise in the southern hemisphere. A clockwise motion is one that proceeds 'like the Clock 's hands' from the top to the right then down and then to the left and back to the top The shadow of a sun dial moves clockwise in the northern hemisphere (opposite of the southern hemisphere). During the day the sun tends to raise to its maximum at a southerly position, where as in the southern hemisphere it raises to a maximum that is northerly in position (as it tends towards the direction of the equator). In both hemispheres the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

Also the Moon appears "upside down" compared to a view from the southern hemisphere and the view of the stars is different. The North Pole faces away from the galactic centre of the Milky Way, this results in there being far fewer and less bright visible stars in the northern hemisphere compared to the Southern Hemisphere, making the northern hemisphere more suitable for deep-space observation as it is not 'blinded' by the Milky Way. The Milky Way (a translation of the Latin Via Lactea, in turn derived from the Greek Γαλαξίας (Galaxias sometimes referred to simply Southern Hemisphere is the half of a Planet that is South of the Equator —the word hemisphere literally means 'half ball'

List of continents and countries

Continents

• entire Asia except most of Indonesia
• entire Europe
• entire North America
• A small part of South America, north of the Amazon River
• About 2/3 of Africa, north of the Congo River

African countries

Entirely

Mostly

• Equatorial Guinea
• Kenya
• São Tomé and Príncipe
• Somalia
• Uganda

Partly

• Democratic rep of Congo
• Gabon
• Republic of Congo

South American countries

Wholly

• French Guiana
• Guyana
• Suriname
• Venezuela

Mostly

• Colombia

Partly

• Brazil
• Ecuador

Oceania

See also

• North Pole
• Arctic circle
• Tropic of Cancer
• Equator
• Seasons
• Solstice and equinox
• Southern Hemisphere

References

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