North Berwick - Citizendia

This article is about the town in Scotland. For the town in Maine, USA, see North Berwick, Maine

North Berwick
Scottish Gaelic: Bearaig-a-Tuath
North Berwick shown within Scotland
Population	6,223
OS grid reference	NT555855
Council area	East Lothian
Lieutenancy area	East Lothian
Constituent country	Scotland
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	North Berwick
Postcode district	EH39
Dialling code	01620 89xxxx
Police	Lothian and Borders
Fire	Lothian and Borders
Ambulance	Scottish
European Parliament	Scotland
UK Parliament	East Lothian
Scottish Parliament	East Lothian
List of places: UK • Scotland

Coordinates: 55°59′N 2°47′W / 55.98, -2.78

The Royal Burgh of North Berwick is a seaside town in East Lothian, Scotland. This article is about the town in Maine USA For the town in Scotland see North Berwick. Scottish Gaelic ( Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude For local government purposes Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas" which are all governed by unitary authorities designated as East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. The Lieutenancy areas of Scotland are the areas used for the ceremonial lord-lieutenants, the monarch 's representatives in Scotland. East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Edinburgh Postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Balerno, Bathgate, Bo'ness, Bonnyrigg The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lothian and Borders Police is the Police service for the Scottish Council areas of the City of Edinburgh, East Lothian, Midlothian The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Lothian and Borders Fire and Rescue Service is the Statutory fire and rescue service covering a total area and serving a total population of 890000 SASDivmap copyjpg|right|200px]] Helimed5jpg|thumb|right|EC-135 G-SASA "Helimed 5" based at Glasgow City Heliport]] The Scottish Ambulance Service ( Scottish Scotland constitutes a single Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election East Lothian is a constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. The Scottish Parliament ( Scottish Gaelic: Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: Scottish Pairlament) is the devlolved national unicameral East Lothian is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament ( Holyrood) A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates This List of places in Scotland is a complete collection of lists of places in Scotland. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A royal burgh was a type of Scottish Burgh which had been founded by or subsequently granted a Royal charter. A seaside resort is a Resort located on the Coast. Where a Beach is the primary focus for Tourists it may be called a beach resort East Lothian ( Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 Unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It is situated on the south shore of the Firth of Forth, approximately 25 miles east of Edinburgh. The Firth of Forth ( Scottish Gaelic: Linne Foirthe) is the Estuary or Firth of Scotland's River Forth, where it flows Edinburgh ( ˈɛdɪnb(ərə Dùn Èideann) is the Capital of Scotland and is its second largest city after Glasgow. North Berwick became a fashionable holiday resort in the 19th century because of its two sandy bays, the East (or Milsey) Bay and the West Bay, and continues to attract holiday makers to this day. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Golf courses, including North Berwick Golf Club, at the ends of each bay are open to visitors. The North Berwick Golf Club (NBGC at North Berwick, East Lothian, was founded in 1832.

1 History
2 Islands
3 Attractions
4 Transport
5 Literary links
6 Famous sons & daughters
7 External links
8 References
9 See also

History

North Berwick East Bay

The name North Berwick means North 'barley farmstead'. Bere in Old English means 'barley' and wic in Old English is 'farmstead'. The word North was applied to distinguish this Berwick from Berwick-upon-Tweed, which throughout the Middle Ages the Scots called South Berwick. Berwick-upon-Tweed ( ˈbɛrɪk- ( Scots: Berwick or historically South Berwick) situated in the county of Northumberland, is the northernmost It was recorded as Northberwyk in 1250. On the south of Berwick Law there is evidence of at least eighteen hut circles, rich middens and a field system dating from 2000 years ago. North Berwick Law is a conical hill which rises incongruously from the surrounding landscape (indeed this is the definition of the Lowland Scots word "law"

North Berwick Harbour was built in the 12th century, and for 500 years there was a ferry crossing to Earlsferry, near Elie in Fife. The Harbour at North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland, was originally a Ferry port for Pilgrims travelling to St Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland This was popular with pilgrims to St Andrews. St Andrews (Cill Rìmhinn is a Town and former Royal burgh on the east coast of Fife, Scotland. This ferry was recently reinstated; during the summer a boat travels between North Berwick and Anstruther in Fife, in homage to the original ferry. Excavations have shown there was activity at the harbour area from as early as the 8th century, while the "Auld Kirk Green" at the harbour was used for gatherings by the accused in the North Berwick Witch Trials. The North Berwick witch trials were the trials in 1590 of a number of people from East Lothian, Scotland, accused of Witchcraft in Legend has it that "Satan himself" attended a ritual there in 1590, although it is more likely that Satan was "played" by Francis Stewart Hepburn, 5th Earl of Bothwell. Francis Stewart, 5th Earl Bothwell (1562 - 1612 was a nephew of James Hepburn, the fourth Earl Bothwell and a grandson of James V of Scotland. During the 16th Century at least 70 people were implicated in the Witch Trials, and the events inspired works such as Burns' "Tam o' Shanter" and "The Thirteenth Member" by Mollie Hunter. Tam o' Shanter is considered to be one of Robert Burns' finest poems One of the most famous Witch trials at North Berwick was of the woman named Agnes Sampson. Agnes Sampson (bunknown- executed 28 January 1591) was a Scottish healer and purported Witch. She was accused of making a potion to make the storms rough as King James VI of Scotland was sailing home from Denmark with his new wife, Anne of Denmark. James VI and I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625 was King of Scotland as James VI, and King of England and King of Ireland as James Anne of Denmark (12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619 was Queen consort of James VI of Scots I of England and Ireland. The trial took place in 1591 and King James was there himself. Sampson was tortured to confess and then burned at the stake, like many other innocent women.

Harbour at low tide

English invaders in the Middle Ages led to the construction of nearby Tantallon Castle, and a nunnery was built at North Berwick. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Tantallon Castle is a mid 14th century fortress located 5 km (3 miles south-east of North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland. The late 19th century saw North Berwick develop golfing and holiday facilities.

The size and population of the town remained fairly steady until the 1970s, at which point housebuilding began in earnest around the periphery of the town, first to the south (1950s-70s), then a series of major expansions to the west (1980s-present) along the line of the railway. There is talk of further developments focussing on "affordable housing" on the south side of the town. While the population might not have truly "exploded", house prices have. North Berwick consistently appears at the top of national house price surveys, and like-for-like prices are comparable to Edinburgh and London.

Islands

Harbour and Craigleith

Several of the Islands of the Forth are near the town and visible from it: e. Craigleith is a small Island in the Firth of Forth off North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland. The Islands of the Firth of Forth are a minor island group lying between Fife and the Lothians in east Scotland. g. Fidra, The Lamb, Craigleith, and Bass Rock; the latter hosts a thriving colony of birds, including puffins, gannets, and other seabirds. Fidra (archaically Fidrey) is an uninhabited island in the Firth of Forth, north-west of North Berwick, on the east coast of Scotland. Not to be confused with Lamba, Shetland The Lamb, sometimes called Lamb Island or just Lamb, is a small (approx Craigleith is a small Island in the Firth of Forth off North Berwick in East Lothian, Scotland. The Bass Rock, or simply The Bass, is an island in the outer part of the Firth of Forth in the east of Scotland, approximately one mile off North The Atlantic Puffin ( la Fratercula arctica) is a Seabird Species in the Auk family. The Northern Gannet ( Morus bassanus, formerly Sula bassana) is a Seabird and is the largest member of the Gannet family Sulidae The Bass Rock appears white, but this is due largely to the gannets and their guano that cover much of its surface. Guano (from the Quechua 'wanu' via Spanish) is the Feces of Seabirds Bats and seals The seabirds themselves can be observed at close range through remote cameras operated from the recently developed Scottish Seabird Centre near the harbour. The Scottish Seabird Centre is a popular award-winning visitor attraction in North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland.

Attractions

A "Spring" Tide, West Bay

West Bay front North Berwick

Boat trips to the Bass Rock, Fidra and other islands.
Scottish Seabird Centre - Visitor centre about seabirds found on Bass Rock and elsewhere.
North Berwick Law - 613ft volcanic hill which rises above the town, with a Napoleonic era signal station. Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. The whale's jawbone "arch" at the summit collapsed in June 2005.
Beaches - One of North Berwick's main attractions, the beaches have golden sands and rocks, and a tide-filled boating pond/paddling pool on the East Sands.
Seacliff. Seacliff comprises a beach an estate and a harbour It lies 4 miles east of North Berwick, East Lothian, Scotland. Just to the east of the town, an entry fee is charged at this private and largely unspoilt beach and estate.
Golf - There are two golf courses in the town, the West Links and the Glen or East Links, and numerous others in the surrounding area. One of two golf courses within North Berwick, the West Links is by far the more renowned There are also two 18-hole putting greens.
Tennis - Venue for the annual East Lothian Open Tennis Tournament.
The East Lothian Yacht Club hosts many national and international sailing events. The East Lothian Yacht Club or ELYC is based at the harbour in North Berwick, East
Tantallon Castle, a mostly ruined 14th century fortress in the care of Historic Scotland, is 3 miles east of North Berwick. Tantallon Castle is a mid 14th century fortress located 5 km (3 miles south-east of North Berwick, in East Lothian, Scotland. Historic Scotland is an Executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland.

Transport

The North Berwick Line has provided a rail link with Edinburgh since the 19th century and the line, now operated by First ScotRail, is still the principal transit link between the town and the capital. The North Berwick Line is a Railway line linking Edinburgh with North Berwick in Scotland. First ScotRail is the Brand under which FirstGroup runs its Railway franchise to operate all domestic Passenger services within The service takes 35 minutes and runs hourly with extra trains during peak commuting periods and on Saturdays. Combination rail-and-entry tickets for the Scottish Seabird Centre are available. There is occasional service through to Glasgow Central station on weekdays although anyone heading for central Glasgow is advised to switch to the Edinburgh - Glasgow Queen St. service. First has a monopoly on public transport between North Berwick and Edinburgh as they also operate the bus route which has a similar frequency and a journey time of 1 hour. Edinburgh is the nearest airport, approximately a 45 minute drive or around 80 minutes by public transport.

Within the town there is an hourly bus service which runs on a loop from the High Street (Church St. bus stop) to the recreation ground and back before continuing on to Edinburgh. There is also a seasonal park-and-ride and local services to attractions such as the Museum of Flight. Several taxi operators charge £3 and up for runs around town and more to nearby towns.

Literary links

Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894), spent many holidays in the town as a child and young man. Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson (13 November 1850–3 December 1894 was a Scottish novelist poet and travel writer, and a representative of Neo-romanticism in His father, Thomas Stevenson the famous engineer and lighthouse builder took his family to stay in various locations in the town. For the chemist see Thomas Stevenson (toxicologist Thomas Stevenson (1818-1887 was a pioneering Lighthouse designer who designed over A lighthouse is a Tower, building or framework designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses or in older times from a fire and used as an The island of Fidra is said to be the original inspiration for Treasure Island, and much of his novel Catriona (the sequel to Kidnapped) is set locally. Treasure Island is an adventure Novel by author Robert Louis Stevenson, narrating a tale of "pirates and buried gold" For other meanings see Catriona. Catriona (also known as David Balfour) is an 1893 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson Kidnapped is a historical fiction Adventure novel by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson.

Famous sons & daughters

Ben Sayers, a renowned golfer, golf course architect and golf club manufacturer. Bernard "Ben" Sayers ( 23 June 1856 in Leith, Edinburgh – 9 March 1924 at North Berwick, East A statue of Sayers can be seen outside the Ben Sayers & Son factory.
Catriona Matthew, a professional golfer with 5 professional victories and 3 Solheim Cup appearances. Amateur career Catriona Lambert was born in Edinburgh, but grew up in North Berwick and learned to play on the Children's Course and North Berwick The Solheim Cup is a biennial Golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States.
David Huish, a professional golfer with several wins on the European Seniors Tour. David Huish (born 4 April 1944) is a Scottish professional Golfer who currently competes on the European Seniors Tour. The European Seniors Tour is a professional tour for male Golfers aged 50 and over run by the PGA European Tour. He once led The Open Championship at the halfway stage. The Open Championship, or simply The Open (often referred to as the British Open outside the UK) is the oldest of the four major championships

External links

References

Census 2001. Population figures. Retrieved on August 17, 2005.
Town History

Contents