Norrköping
Seal
Nickname: Peking
Norrköping
Coordinates: 58°36′N 16°12′E / 58.6, 16.2
Country	Sweden
Municipality	Norrköping Municipality
County	Östergötland County
Province	Östergötland
Area [1]
- Total	34. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The Municipalities of Sweden ( kommun) are the Local government entities of Sweden. Norrköping Municipality ( Norrköpings kommun) is a municipality in Östergötland County in southeast Sweden. The Counties of Sweden, or Län, are the first level administrative and political Subdivisions of Sweden. Östergötland County ( Östergötlands län) is a county or Län on the south east of Sweden. The provinces of Sweden, Landskap, are historical geographical and cultural regions Östergötland is a one of the traditional Provinces of Sweden ( landskap in Swedish) in the south of Sweden. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 78 km² (13. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 sq mi)
Population (2005-12-31)[1]
- Total	83,561
- Density	2,403/km² (6,223. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Website: norrkoping.se

Norrköping [ˈˈnɔrɕøːpɪŋ] is a city in Östergötland in mid-east Sweden. Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time Östergötland is a one of the traditional Provinces of Sweden ( landskap in Swedish) in the south of Sweden. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. It has 83,561 inhabitants, and is the seat of Norrköping Municipality with 127,000 inhabitants(ref www. Norrköping Municipality ( Norrköpings kommun) is a municipality in Östergötland County in southeast Sweden. norrkoping. se) , making it Sweden's tenth largest city.

The city is situated by the mouth of the river Motala ström, at Bråviken, an inlet of the Baltic Sea. Motala ström is the river system that drains lake Vättern, the second largest lake in Sweden, into the Baltic Sea in Norrköping. Bråviken is a Bay of the Baltic sea that is located near Norrköping in Östergötland, Sweden. The Baltic Sea is a Brackish inland sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N Latitude and from 20°E to 26°E Longitude. Water power from the Motala ström and the good harbour were factors that facilitated the rapid growth of this once industrial city, known for its textile industry. A harbor or harbour (see spelling differences) or haven, is a place where ships may shelter from the Weather or are stored A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. It has several nicknames such as: "Sweden's Manchester" , "Peking" and "Surbullestan" (Surbulle was a local nickname for the textileworkers, and stan´ is short for Staden, which means The City or The Town in Swedish)

History

Norrköping before it was burnt in 1719. Contemporary engraving by Jan van den Aveelen. Jan van den Aveele or Aveelen ( Leiden, Dutch Republic, ca 1650 - Stockholm, Sweden, 18 May

The city has medieval foundations by settlers around the Norrköping twin city with Linköping Motala stream estuary, who used the falls and rapids to power their mills. A settler is a person who has migrated to an area and established permanent residence there often to colonize the area The stream was also full of fish such as salmon. Salmon is the common name for several species of Fish of the family Salmonidae. Exact dates are uncertain, but there are mentions of a church in the 12th century. It was dedicated to Saint Olaf, Norway's patron. Patronage is the support encouragement privilege and often financial aid given by a person or an organization

The first trace of the city's name is from 1283, when Sofia of Denmark - wife of Valdemar I of Sweden - donated her rights of salmon fishing to the Skänninge monastery. Sofia Eriksdotter, (1241-1286 also known as Sofia of Denmark was Queen consort of Sweden. Valdemar Birgersson (1239 &ndash 1302 King of Sweden 1250 &ndash 1275/1288/1302 was the son of princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden and Skänninge is a town in Mjölby Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden, which has about 3500 inhabitants The town is estimated to have received city status in the early 14th century, although no written documents exist prior to a document from 1384. The Swedish term stad, which is the equivalent of both city and town has since 1971 in Sweden no administrative or legal significance and even no official This document, signed by Albrekt of Sweden is stored in the city archive today. Albert of Sweden (or Albrecht von Mecklenburg in German or Albrekt av Mecklenburg in Swedish (c

The city was the location of several battles in the ensuing centuries. As a consequence, nothing of the medieval Norrköping remains today. During the Northern Seven Years' War (1563-1570), the entire southern part of Norrköping was burnt. The Northern Seven Years' War (also known as the Nordic Seven Years' War, the First Northern War or the Seven Years War in Scandinavia) was the war It was rebuilt by John III of Sweden and John, Duke of Östergötland (1589-1618), who designed the current street pattern. John III (Johan III Juhana III (20 December 1537 – 17 November 1592 was King of Sweden from 1568 until his death John (in Swedish Johan) ( 18 April 1589 at Uppsala Castle &ndash 5 March 1618 at Bråborg Castle in An impressive castle fortress called Johannisberg was in 1614 begun by the Duke John, although not completed until 1639. Johannisberg is a village in Hesse, Germany. It is part of the city of Geisenheim in the Rheingau, on the right bank of the Rhine,

In 1618, a weapon industry was established by supervision of Gustavus Adolphus. For the other Swedish kings known as Gustavus Adolphus see Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden or Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden The harbour also attracted ships due to its proximity to the industries of Finspång. Finspång is an industrial town (pop 13000 in Östergötland, Sweden and the seat of Finspång Municipality, Östergötland County. In addition to the weapon industry, a large scale industry of textile was also initiated. A textile is a flexible material comprised of a network of natural or artificial Fibres often referred to as thread or Yarn. An important benefactor was the industrial man Louis De Geer (1587-1652). Louis De Geer, ( Liège, 17 november 1587, - Amsterdam, 19 june 1652) was a Walloon/Dutch merchant and At De Geer's death, Norrköpings had 6,000 inhabitants and was Sweden's second largest city.

The city again burnt in 1655, and again in 1719 during the Great Northern War when the Russians burnt it to the ground. The Great Northern War (1700-21 was fought between Russia and Sweden for supremacy in the Baltic Sea. Stones from the Johannisborg castle were used to build new houses, and today only a few stones remain.

During the 18th century it was rebuilt and several industries soon got a stronghold: In the 1740s, Norrköping boosted three sugar refineries; in the 1750s the large scale influential snuff industry was established. Snus ( is a moist powder tobacco product that is consumed by placing it under the upper lip for extended periods of time From this time stems the city churches of Saint Olof and Saint Hedvig, and several other old houses.

Motala ström runs through Norrköping

Norrköping's importance again flourished. Motala ström is the river system that drains lake Vättern, the second largest lake in Sweden, into the Baltic Sea in Norrköping. In 1769 the Swedish Riksdag assembled there. The Riksdag is the official Swedish term of the Parliament of Sweden and the Parliament of Finland (in Finland alongside In 1800 the king Gustav IV of Sweden was crowned in the Church of Saint Olof. Gustav IV Adolf (November 1 1778 &ndash February 7 1837 was King of Sweden from 1792 until his abdication in 1809

The city again suffered fires in 1822 and 1826. Thereafter wooden houses were banned. In 1841 a ship industry was initiated as a branch of Motala Verkstad in Motala. AB Motala Verkstad is one of the oldest engineering companies in Sweden. Motala is a city (pop30000 in Östergötland, Sweden and seat of Motala Municipality, Östergötland County. In 1850 the industry had over 600 employees making it Sweden's largest ship industry at the time. During the remaining 19th century, the industries kept expanding. The area by the Motala Stream was developed further with the construction of a cotton refinery, and a paper mill was constructed in 1854, specializing in newspaper, and is still today exporting to customers around the world. Cotton is a soft staple Fibre that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant ( Gossypium sp A paper mill is a Factory devoted to making Paper from wood pulp and other ingredients using a Fourdrinier Machine or similar apparatus

The industry, including textile manufacturers, also expanded into the 20th century. In 1950 a total of 54 factories had 6,600 employees in town. By 1956, however, 18 of them had been closed due to competition from countries abroad with lower wages, such as Italy and Japan. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. In 1970 only 10 factories and 1,200 employees remained. In that year, the renowned Holmen paper mill, with its 350 years long history, announced closure, and another 900 people were let go. This refers to the company For the hamlet in Norway see Holmen Norway. To counter the effects, several governmental authorities were relocated to Norrköping from Stockholm. ('stɔkhɔlm is Sweden 's Capital and its largest City. It is the site of the national Swedish government, the parliament, and the See also Braviken Paper Mill. Braviken Paper Mill (or simply Braviken) is a Paper mill located outside Bråviken, Norrköping, in Sweden.

As of 2002, Norrköping is now seeing a revival, as a center of culture and education. The Norrköping symbol represents the "new" Norrköping.

Sights

A campus of Linköping University, its own symphonic orchestra, an airport called Kungsängen with 170000 traveling (2006), and a high-tech industry park called Pronova and Petroglyphs from the Nordic Bronze Age. Linköping University (Linköpings universitet LiU is a University in Linköping, Sweden. Norrköping Symphony is a Swedish orchestra It resides in the concert hall De Geerhallen, in the middle of Norrköping. Petroglyphs are Images created by removing part of a rock surface by incising pecking carving and abrading The Nordic Bronze Age (also Northern Bronze Age) is the name given by Oscar Montelius to a period and a Bronze Age culture in Scandinavian

The renowned public library, built in the modern style	The characteristic Museum of Labour (Arbetets museum) in the midst of Motala ström. This article is concerned with architectural aspects of Modernism; for the most recent developments in architecture see Contemporary architecture. The Museum of Work, or Arbetets museum, is a Museum located in Norrköping, Sweden.	The Norrköping tramway is one of three such systems in Sweden	The Church of Saint Olof, built circa 1750
Old water tower in Norrköping	The Holmen Paper headquarters in Norrköping

Notable natives

• Hannes Alfvén - Physicist, Nobel Prize Winner
• Moa Martinson - Author
• Ture Nerman - One of the founders of Swedish Communism
• Peter Harryson - Actor, entertainer
• Pernilla Wiberg - Alpine skier, double Olympic gold medalist
• Slagsmålsklubben - Electronic popgroup
• Elin Grindemyr - Slitz (Swedish men's magazine) Model
• Malin Baryard - horse rider
• Helena Lundbäck - horse rider
• 23 Till - music group
• Eldkvarn - music group
• Spånka NKPG - House music
• Marduk (band) - music group
• Amy Diamond - singer

Sports

• IFK Norrköping (Association football)
• Norrköping Dolphins (Basket)
• HC Vita Hästen (Icehockey)
• Vargarna (Speedway)

Twin cities

• Esslingen, Germany
• Klaksvík, Faroe Islands
• Kópavogur, Iceland
• Linz, Austria
• Odense, Denmark
• Riga, Latvia
• Tampere, Finland
• Trondheim, Norway

References

External links

• Norrköping - Official site
• Norrköping Tourism
• nkpg.nu Local event guide for Norrköping

Norrköping is one of 134 towns with the historical City status in Sweden. The Swedish term stad, which is the equivalent of both city and town has since 1971 in Sweden no administrative or legal significance and even no official