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The Nogeoldae (pinyin: Lǎoqǐdà) is an ancient Korean textbook originally designed for the learning of spoken Chinese, and later for other languages. Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. More specifically it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language Romanization system in South Korea. McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language Romanization systems along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. The work provides important data for Chinese historical linguistics.
Text
The work mainly consists of dialogues. A Goryeo merchant and his relatives travel from Wanggyeong (Kaesŏng) to Dadu (Beijing). The Goryeo Dynasty ( 918 - 1392) (also spelled Koryŏ was a Sovereign state established in 918 by Taejo Wang Kon. Kaesŏng ( Gaeseong) is a city in North Hwanghae Province southern North Korea (DPRK a former Directly Governed City, and the capital of They get Chinese companions on their way. In Dadu, they sell Korean articles and buy goods to sell in Korea. They finally leave Dadu.
Since the first Chinese edition was created, two major revisions, translations to other languages and commentaries with Hangul have been made.
The first Chinese edition seems to have been written in the late Goryeo Dynasty. A text discovered in Daegu in 1998 is considered close to the original version. Daegu (pronounced) also spelled Taegu (pronounced) officially called Daegu Metropolitan City, is the fourth largest city in South Korea after This text provides valuable information on the 14th-century colloquial Northern Chinese language, called the Haner language (漢兒言語) in this book. The Han'er language ( is a pre-modern Sino-Korean term used to denote a medieval Chinese language heavily influenced by non-Han Chinese languages especially
Since this version became obsolete in the Ming period, a revised version was published in 1480s. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led Based on the revised edition, the Korean scholar Choi Sejin wrote a commentary called Beonyeok Nogeoldae (飜譯老乞大) in 1517, which includes Hangul pronunciation and translations into Korean. Choe Sejin (1473&ndash1542 was a Korean linguist, Educator, and a proponent of Hangul. This article is mainly about the spoken Korean language See Hangul for details on the native Korean writing system Another commentary called the Nogeoldae Eonhae (老乞大諺解) was written in 1670.
During the Qing period, the text was revised again to adjust contemporary Chinese. Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China the Nogeoldae Sinseok (老乞大新釋) was published in 1761, and the Junggan Nogeoldae (重刊老乞大) appeared in 1795. The commentaries corresponding to them are called Nogeoldae Sinseok Eonhae (老乞大新釋諺解) (1763) and the Junggan Nogeoldae Eonhae (重刊老乞大諺解).
The Nogeoldae was translated into other languages. The Cheong-eo Nogeoldae (or Qīngyǔ Lǎoqǐdà 淸語老乞大) includes the Manchu text along with Hangul pronunciation and Korean translations. Manchu is a Tungusic language spoken in Northeast China; it used to be the language of the Manchu, though now most Manchus speak Mandarin It was written by Choe Hutaek (崔厚澤) and others and published in 1680. I Choedae (李最大) made a Mongolian edition called the Mong-eo Nogeoldae (Měngyǔ Lǎoqǐdà 蒙語老乞大) that was published in 1741. The Mongolian language (mn [[ImageMonggol kelesvg 17px]] Mongɣol kele, Cyrillic: Монгол хэл Mongol khel) is the best-known member of
See also
External links
- Text based on the Nogeoldae Eonhae
- Chinese and romanized Manchu texts from the Qīngyǔ Lǎoqǐdà
- Chinese and Manchu texts from the Qīngyǔ Lǎoqǐdà
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