| Group | 15 |
|---|---|
| Period | |
| 2 | 7 N |
| 3 | 15 P |
| 4 | 33 As |
| 5 | 51 Sb |
| 6 | 83 Bi |
| 7 | 115 Uup |
Group 15 of the periodic table(formerly numbered as Group Ⅴ or Group ⅤA) is also known by the collective name pnictogens. In Chemistry a group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the Periodic table of the Chemical elements There are 18 groups in In the Periodic table of the elements, a period is a horizontal row of the table A period 2 element is one of the Chemical elements in the second row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements. Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 A period 3 element is one of the Chemical elements in the third row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. Phosphorus, (ˈfɒsfərəs is the Chemical element that has the symbol P and Atomic number 15 A period 4 element is one of the Chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. Arsenic (ˈɑrsənɪk is a Chemical element that has the symbol As and Atomic number of 33 A period 5 element is one of the Chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. Antimony (IPA (Received Pronunciation, /ˈæntɪmoʊni/ (US is a Chemical element with the symbol Sb (stibium meaning "mark" and A period 6 element is one of the Chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements, including the Lanthanides Bismuth (ˈbɪzməθ is a Chemical element that has the symbol Bi and Atomic number 83 A period 7 element is one of the Chemical elements in the seventh row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. Ununpentium (ˌjuːnənˈpɛntiəm or /ˌʌnənˈpɛntiəm/ is the temporary name of a synthetic Superheavy element in the Periodic table that has the In Chemistry a group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the Periodic table of the Chemical elements There are 18 groups in [1]
This group has the defining characteristic that all the component elements have 5 electrons in their outermost shell, that is 2 electrons in the s subshell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p subshell. An electron shell may be crudely thought of as an Orbit followed by Electrons around an Atom nucleus. They are therefore 3 electrons short of filling their outermost electron shell in their non-ionized state. An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge The most important element of this group is nitrogen (N), which in its diatomic form is the principal component of air. Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14
Binary compounds of the group can be referred to collectively as pnictides. The spelling derives from the Greek πνίγειν (pnigein), to choke or stifle, which is a property of nitrogen; they are also mnemonic for the two most common members, P and N. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Choking is the mechanical obstruction of the flow of air from the environment into the lungs A mnemonic device (nəˈmɒnɪk is a Memory aid Commonly met mnemonics are often verbal something such as a very short poem or a special word used to help a person remember The name pentels (from the Latin penta, five) was also used for this group at one time, stemming from the earlier group naming convention (Group VB).
These elements are also noted for their stability in compounds due to their tendency for forming double and triple covalent bonds. Chemical stability when used in the technical sense in Chemistry, means thermodynamic stability of a chemical system This is the property of these elements which leads to their potential toxicity, most evident in phosphorus, arsenic and antimony. Toxicity is the degree to which a substance is able to damage an exposed organism When these substances react with various chemicals of the body, they create strong free radicals not easily processed by the liver, where they accumulate. In Chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atoms molecules or ions with Unpaired electrons on an otherwise Open shell Paradoxically it is this strong bonding which causes nitrogen and bismuth's reduced toxicity (when in molecules), as these form strong bonds with other atoms which are difficult to split, creating very unreactive molecules. For example N2, the diatomic form of nitrogen, is used for inert atmosphere in situations where xenon or another noble gas would be prohibitively expensive. Diatomic molecules are molecules made only of two Atoms of either the same or different Chemical elements The prefix di- means two in Greek Xenon (ˈzɛnɒn or) is a Chemical element represented by the symbol Xe. History Noble gas is translated from the German noun de ''Edelgas'' first used in 1898 by Hugo Erdmann to indicate their extremely low level of reactivity
The nitrogen group consists of two non-metals, two metalloids, and one metal. Metalloid is a term used in Chemistry when classifying the Chemical elements On the basis of their general physical and chemical properties nearly every element The M acro E xpansion T emplate A ttribute L anguage complements TAL, providing macros which allow the reuse of code across All the elements in the group are a solid at room temperature except for Nitrogen which is a gas at room temperature. A solid' object is in the States of matter characterized by resistance to Deformation and changes of Volume. Room temperature (also referred to as ambient temperature) is a common term to denote a certain Temperature within enclosed space at which humans are accustomed Nitrogen and bismuth, despite both being part of the nitrogen group, are very different in their physical properties. For example, at STP nitrogen is a transparent nonmetallic gas, while bismuth is a brittle pinkish metallic solid.
This group consists of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi) and ununpentium (Uup) (unconfirmed). Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Phosphorus, (ˈfɒsfərəs is the Chemical element that has the symbol P and Atomic number 15 Arsenic (ˈɑrsənɪk is a Chemical element that has the symbol As and Atomic number of 33 Antimony (IPA (Received Pronunciation, /ˈæntɪmoʊni/ (US is a Chemical element with the symbol Sb (stibium meaning "mark" and Bismuth (ˈbɪzməθ is a Chemical element that has the symbol Bi and Atomic number 83 Ununpentium (ˌjuːnənˈpɛntiəm or /ˌʌnənˈpɛntiəm/ is the temporary name of a synthetic Superheavy element in the Periodic table that has the
References
- ^ (2005) in Edited by N G Connelly and T Damhus (with R M Hartshorn and A T Hutton): Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry: IUPAC Recommendations 2005 section IR-3.5. ISBN 0-85404-438-8.
| Nonmetals | Metalloids | Poor metals | atomic number in red are gases | atomic number in black are solids | solid borders are primordial elements (older than the Earth) | dotted borders are radioactive, synthetic elements |
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See also
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