The nitrite ion is NO2−. Space-filling models (also known as calotte models or CPK models by Corey, Pauling and Koltun like Ball-and-stick models belong An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge The anion is bent, being isoelectronic with O3. Two or more molecular entities ( Atoms Molecules Ions are described as being isoelectronic with each other if they have the same number of OZONE is an object oriented Operating system written in the C programming language.
A nitrite is either a salt or an ester of nitrous acid. A salt, in Chemistry, is defined as the product formed from the neutralisation reaction of Acids and bases. Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least Nitrous acid (molecular formula H[[Nitrogen N]] O 2 is a weak and monobasic Acid known only in Solution and in the form of Nitrite
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Examples
- nitrous acid, HNO2
- sodium nitrite, NaNO2
- alkyl nitrites, some of which are known as poppers. Nitrous acid (molecular formula H[[Nitrogen N]] O 2 is a weak and monobasic Acid known only in Solution and in the form of Nitrite Sodium nitrite, with Chemical formula Na[[Nitrogen N]] O 2 is used as a Color fixative and Preservative in meats and Alkyl nitrites are Chemical compounds of structure R-ONO Formally they are Alkyl Esters of Nitrous acid. Poppers is the Street term for various Alkyl nitrites taken for recreational purposes through direct inhalation, particularly Amyl nitrite
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In inorganic chemistry, nitrites are salts of nitrous acid (HNO2). Inorganic chemistry is the branch of Chemistry concerned with the properties and behavior of Inorganic compounds This field covers all Chemical compounds Salt is a Dietary mineral composed primarily of Sodium chloride that is essential for Animal life but toxic to most land plants Nitrous acid (molecular formula H[[Nitrogen N]] O 2 is a weak and monobasic Acid known only in Solution and in the form of Nitrite They contain the nitrite ion (NO2−). An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge Nitrites of the alkali and alkaline earth metals can be synthesized by reacting a mixture of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with a corresponding metal hydroxide solution, as well as through the thermal decomposition of the corresponding nitrate. Trends The alkali metals show a number of trends when moving down the group - for instance decreasing electronegativity increasing reactivity and decreasing melting and boiling Biological occurrences Beryllium's low aqueous solubility means it is rarely available to biological systems it has no known role in living organisms and when encountered Nitric oxide or nitrogen monoxide is a Chemical compound with Chemical formula N[[Oxygen O]] Nitrogen dioxide is the Chemical compound with the formula N[[Oxygen O]]2 In Chemistry, hydroxide is the most common name for the diatomic Anion OH− consisting of Oxygen and Hydrogen In Inorganic chemistry, a nitrate is a salt of Nitric acid with an Ion composed of one Nitrogen and three Oxygen atoms Other nitrites are available through the reduction of the corresponding nitrates. Redox (shorthand for reduction-oxidation reaction describes all Chemical reactions in which atoms have their Oxidation number ( Oxidation state In Inorganic chemistry, a nitrate is a salt of Nitric acid with an Ion composed of one Nitrogen and three Oxygen atoms
Sodium nitrite is used for the curing of meat because it prevents bacterial growth and, in a reaction with the meat's myoglobin, gives the product a desirable dark red color. Resonance in Chemistry is a theory used to represent and model certain types of non-classical Molecular structures Resonance is a key component Sodium nitrite, with Chemical formula Na[[Nitrogen N]] O 2 is used as a Color fixative and Preservative in meats and In Food preparation curing refers to various preservation and Flavoring processes especially of Meat or Fish, by the addition of In modern English usage meat most often refers to Animal tissue used as food mostly Skeletal muscle and associated Fat, but it may also refer Myoglobin is a single-chain globular Protein of 153 Amino acids containing a Heme ( Iron -containing Porphyrin) Prosthetic Because of the toxicity of nitrite (the lethal dose of nitrite for humans is about 22 mg per kg body weight), the maximum allowed nitrite concentration in meat products is 200 ppm. "Parts-per" notation is used especially in Science and Engineering, to denote Ratios (relative proportions in measured quantities particularly Under certain conditions, especially during cooking, nitrites in meat can react with degradation products of amino acids, forming nitrosamines, which are known carcinogens. In Chemistry, an amino acid is a Molecule containing both Amine and Carboxyl Functional groups In Biochemistry, this Nitrosamines are Chemical compounds of the Chemical structure R1N(-R2-N=O some of which are carcinogenic. The term carcinogen refers to any substance Radionuclide or radiation that is an agent directly involved in the promotion of Cancer or in the fatation of its propagation
Nitrite is detected and analyzed by the Griess Reaction, involving the formation of a deep red-colored azo dye upon treatment of a NO2−-containing sample with sulfanilic acid and naphthyl-1-amine in the presence of acid. The Griess test is a chemical analysis test which detects the presence of organic Nitrite compounds Azo compounds are compounds bearing the Functional group R-N=N-R' in which R and R' can be either Aryl or Alkyl. Sulfanilic acid ( 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid) is a colourless crystalline solid produced from sulfonation of Aniline. [1]
Nitrite can be reduced to nitric oxide or ammonia by many species of bacteria. Nitric oxide or nitrogen monoxide is a Chemical compound with Chemical formula N[[Oxygen O]] Ammonia is a compound with the formula N[[hydrogen H3]] It is normally encountered as a Gas with a characteristic pungent Odor The Bacteria ( singular: bacterium) are a large group of unicellular Microorganisms Typically a few Micrometres in length bacteria have
Under hypoxic conditions, nitrite may release nitric oxide, which causes potent vasodilation. Several mechanisms for nitrite conversion to NO have been described including enzymatic reduction by xanthine oxidoreductase, the mitochondria, and NO synthase (NOS), as well as nonenzymatic acidic disproportionation.
Organic nitrites
In organic chemistry, nitrites are esters of nitrous acid and contain the nitrosooxy functional group. Organic chemistry is a discipline within Chemistry which involves the scientific study of the structure properties composition reactions, and preparation Esters are a class of Chemical compounds and Functional groups Esters consist of an inorganic or organic Acid in which at least They possess the general formula RONO, where R is an aryl or alkyl group. In the context of organic molecules aryl refers to any Functional group or Substituent derived from a Simple aromatic ring, may it be Phenyl An alkyl is a Univalent radical consisting of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms arranged in a chain Amyl nitrite is used in medicine for the treatment of heart diseases. Amyl nitrite is the Chemical compound with the formula C5H11ONO
Nitrites should not be confused with nitrates, the salts of nitric acid, or with nitro compounds, though they share the formula RNO2. In Inorganic chemistry, a nitrate is a salt of Nitric acid with an Ion composed of one Nitrogen and three Oxygen atoms Nitric acid ( H[[nitrate NO3]] also known as Aqua fortis and spirit of nitre, is a highly corrosive and Nitro compounds are Organic compounds that contain one or more nitro Functional groups (-2 The nitrite anion NO2− should not be confused with the nitronium cation NO2+. An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge The nitronium ion (improperly called nitryl ion, because it is not a radical 2+ is a generally unstable Cation created by the removal of an An ion is an Atom or Molecule which has lost or gained one or more Valence electrons giving it a positive or negative electrical charge
A classic named reaction for the synthesis of alkyl nitrites is the Meyer synthesis[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] in which alkyl halides react with metallic nitrites to a mixture to nitroalkanes and nitrites. A name reaction is a Chemical reaction named after its discoverers or developers The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are a group of Chemical compounds consisting of Alkanes such as Methane
External links
- ATSDR - Case Studies in Environmental Medicine - Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (public domain)
References
- ^ V. The United States Department of Health and Human Services ( HHS) is a Cabinet department of the United States government with the goal of protecting M. Ivanov (2004). "The 125th Anniversary of the Griess Reagent". Journal of Analytical Chemistry 59 (10): 1002 – 1005. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. Translated from V. M. Ivanov (2004). "{{{title}}}". Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii 59 (10): 1109 – 1112.
- ^ Victor Meyer (1872). Viktor Meyer ( 8 September, 1848 &ndash 8 August, 1897) was a German Chemist and significant contributor to both organic "Ueber die Nitroverbindungen der Fettreihe". Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie 171 (1): 1-56. Official title Annalen der Chemie, 1832–1839 Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, 1840–1872 (ISSN 0075-4617 CODEN JLACBF doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Victor Meyer, J. Locher (1876). "Ueber die Pseudonitrole, die Isomeren der Nitrolsäuren". Justus Liebig's Annalen der Chemie 180 (1-2): 133-155. Official title Annalen der Chemie, 1832–1839 Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, 1840–1872 (ISSN 0075-4617 CODEN JLACBF doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ V. Meyer and Stüber (1872). "Vorläufige Mittheilung". Chemische Berichte 5: 203-205. See also Anales de Química Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Victor Meyer, O. Stüber (1872). "Ueber die Nitroverbindungen der Fettreihe". Chemische Berichte 5: 399. See also Anales de Química Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Victor Meyer, A. Rilliet (1872). "Ueber die Nitroverbindungen der Fettreiche. Dritte Mittheilung". Chemische Berichte 5: 1029-1034. See also Anales de Química Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Victor Meyer, C. Chojnacki (1872). "Ueber die Nitroverbindungen der Fettreihe. Vierte Mittheilung". Chemische Berichte 5: 1034-1038. See also Anales de Química Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
- ^ Robert B. Reynolds, Homer Adkins (1929). "The Relationship of the Constitution of Certain Alky Halides to the Formation of Nitroparaffins and Alkyl Nitrites". Journal of the American Chemical Society 51 (1): 279-287. The Journal of the American Chemical Society (usually abbreviated as J doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document.
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