| Nikon Corporation 株式会社ニコン |
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| Type | Corporation TYO: 7731 |
| Founded | Tokyo, Japan (1917) |
| Headquarters | Tokyo, Japan |
| Key people | Michio Kariya, President, CEO & COO |
| Industry | Imaging |
| Products | Precision equipment for the semiconductor industry, Digital imaging equipment and cameras, Microscopes, Spectacle lenses, Optical measuring and inspection instruments, |
| Revenue |  ¥730. The, or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second largest Stock exchange market in the world by market value second only to the New York Stock officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. For other uses of this term see Industry (disambiguation An industry (from Latin industrius, "diligent industrious" In Marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a Market that might satisfy a want or need A camera is a device used to capture images either as still Photographs or as sequences of moving images ( Movies or Videos. A microscope ( Greek: ( micron) = small + ( skopein) = to look or see is an instrument for viewing objects that are In business revenue or revenues is Income that a company receives from its normal business activities usually from the sale of goods and services 9 billion (Business year ending March 31, 2006) |
| Employees | 16,758 (Consolidated, as of March 31, 2005) |
| Website | Nikon Global Gateway |
Nikon Corporation (株式会社ニコン Kabushiki-gaisha Nikon?) listen (TYO: 7731), also known as Nikon or Nikon Corp. Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A website (alternatively web site or Web site, a back-construction from the Proper noun World Wide Web) is a collection of Web pages The, or TSE, located in Tokyo, Japan, is the second largest Stock exchange market in the world by market value second only to the New York Stock , is a multinational corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan specializing in optics and imaging. Multinational corporation ( MNC) or transnational corporation ( TNC) is a Corporation or enterprise that manages Production or delivers officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū. Its products include cameras, binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments, and the steppers used in the photolithography steps of semiconductor fabrication. A camera is a device used to capture images either as still Photographs or as sequences of moving images ( Movies or Videos. Binocular telescopes, or binoculars (also known as field glasses are two identical or Mirror - symmetrical telescopes mounted side-by-side and A microscope ( Greek: ( micron) = small + ( skopein) = to look or see is an instrument for viewing objects that are In the Physical sciences Quality assurance, and Engineering, Measurement is the activity of obtaining and comparing physical quantities A stepper is a device used in the manufacture of integrated circuits (ICs that is similar in operation to a Slide projector or a photographic Enlarger. Photolithography (also called optical lithography) is a process used in Microfabrication to selectively remove parts of a thin film (or the bulk of a substrate Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to create chips the Integrated circuits that are present in everyday Electrical and electronic It was founded in 1917 as Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō (日本光学工業株式会社 "Japan Optical Industries"); the company was renamed Nikon Corporation, after its cameras, in 1988. Nikon is one of the major companies of the Mitsubishi Group. The, Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese conglomerate consisting of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi
The name Nikon, which dates from 1946, is a merging of Nippon Kōgaku (日本光学: "Japan Optical") and an imitation of Zeiss Ikon. Nikon is pronounced differently around the world. The Japanese pronunciation of the name is /nikoɴ/, but in the United States people also use /ˈnaɪkɒn/ and /ˈnɪkɒn/. [1]
Among its famous products are Nikkor camera lenses (notably those designed for the company's own F-mount SLR cameras), Nikonos underwater cameras, the Nikon F-series of professional 135 film SLR cameras, and the Nikon D-series digital SLRs. Nikkor is the brand of lenses produced by Nikon Corporation, including camera lenses for the Nikon F-mount. The Nikon F-mount is a type of interchangeable Lens mount developed by Nikon for its 35 mm SLR Cameras The F-mount was first introduced The single-lens reflex (SLR Camera uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging Nikonos was the name given to a series of 35 mm film Cameras specifically designed for Underwater photography use Introduced in 1959, the Nikon F Camera introduced the concept of the 35 mm Single-lens reflex camera (SLR system; that Nikon has helped lead the transition to digital photography with both the Coolpix line of consumer and prosumer cameras as well as DSLR system cameras like the Nikon D300, D200, D100, D80, D70/s, D60, D50 and D40/x, and professional DSLRs including the D2 series and D3 cameras (see below). Digital photography is a form of Photography that utilizes Digital technology to make Digital images of subjects Consumers refers to individuals or households that use goods and services generated within the economy. Prosumer is a Portmanteau formed by contracting either the word pro fessional or pro ducer with the word con' sumer'. A digital single-lens reflex camera ( digital SLR or DSLR) is a Digital camera that uses an automatic mirror system and Pentaprism
Nikon's main competitors include Canon, Kodak, Sony, Pentax, Fujifilm and Olympus. Competition is a rivalry between individuals groups nations or animals for territory or resources is a Japanese Multinational corporation that specializes in imaging and optical products including Cameras photocopiers and Computer printers Eastman Kodak Company ( is an American multinational Public company which produces imaging and photographic materials and equipment is a multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Minato Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest Media conglomerates with is a wholly owned division and brand name of Hoya Corporation. is a Japanese company known for its Photographic film and Cameras Fujifilm is the world’s largest photographic and imaging company. ( is a Japanese company specializing in Optics and Imaging. Olympus was established on October 12 1919 initially specialized in microscope
Nikon is the world's largest manufacturer of steppers and holds 44% share of the market.
Contents |
History
Nikon Corporation was established in 1917 when three leading optical manufacturers merged to form a comprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku Kokyo K. K. Over the next 60 years this growing company became a leading manufacturer of optical lenses and precision equipment used in cameras, binoculars, microscopes and inspection equipment. During World War II the company grew to 19 factories and 23,000 employees, supplying items such as binoculars, lenses, bomb sights and periscopes to the Japanese military. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including After the war it reverted to its civilian product range with a single factory. In 1948, the first camera with the Nikon brand was released, the Nikon I. [2]
Nikon lenses were popularised by the American photojournalist Douglas David Duncan's use at the time of the Korean War. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the [3] Fitting Nikon optics to his Leica rangefinder cameras produced high contrast negatives with very sharp resolution at the centre field. Leica Camera AG is a leading German optical company that has been designing and developing Cameras since 1913 and manufacturing them in series production since
Besides cameras, Nikon Corporation (Nikon) is recognized as a world leader in development and manufacturing of advanced optical and precision photolithography equipment. Photolithography (also called optical lithography) is a process used in Microfabrication to selectively remove parts of a thin film (or the bulk of a substrate In 1980, the first stepper, the NSR-1010G, was produced in Japan. Since then, Nikon has introduced over 50 models of steppers and scanners for the production of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays. Nikon currently designs and manufactures precision equipment for use in semiconductor and liquid crystal display (LCD) fabrication, inspection, and measurement. Nikon also designs and manufactures visual imaging products including cameras; instruments such as microscopes; and other products such as chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) systems, binoculars, surveying instruments, eyewear, sport optics, and optical measuring and inspection equipment.
In 1982, Nikon Precision Inc. (NPI) was established in the United States. NPI is the North American sales and service arm specifically for Nikon Corporation's semiconductor photolithography equipment and is headquartered in Belmont, California. Fueled by a rapidly growing customer base, the company quickly expanded. In 1990, NPI opened its current headquarters and the facility now includes corporate offices, a fully equipped world-wide training center (WWTC), service operations, applications engineering, technology engineering, quality and reliability engineering, training, technical support, sales, and marketing for Nikon equipment serving the wafer, photomask, flat panel display, and thin-film magnetic head industries. Today, NPI is an industry leader in supplying and supporting advanced photolithography equipment used in the critical stages of semiconductor manufacturing.
Nikon Corporation also has research and development operations in the U. S. under Nikon Research Corporation of America (NRCA), which directly supports R&D efforts of the Precision Equipment Division in Kumagaya, Japan. By leveraging its strong and long-standing customer relationships, global brand recognition, and technological expertise, Nikon has positioned themselves to maintain their market leadership through its emphasis on leading-edge research and development and its ability to adapt its products to meet its customers' rapidly changing needs. The Nikon brand has recently slipped behind rival Canon in total sales. Nikon, once the industry leader, has found itself playing catch up to Canon, who was quicker to market with such innovations as image stabilization and piezo-electric (ultra sonic motor) focusing. Image stabilization ( IS) is a family of techniques to increase the stability of an image
Today, Nikon Group Companies total nearly 17,000 employees worldwide.
In January 2006, Nikon announced it would stop making most of its film camera models and all of its large format lenses, and focus on digital models[4]. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
In late 2007, Nikon introduced the newest product in the Nikon Immersion Solution, the NSR-S610C, which uses a proprietary technology that eliminates bubbles, watermarks, and particles generated by immersion processing. This results in defect levels to occur at a rate similar to dry scanners.
In an effort to curb a thriving "grey market" for its cameras and lenses, Nikon established a wholly owned subsidiary in India in September 2007, to handle India as well as the Middle East markets (comprising Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Iran, Bahrain, Israel, Oman, Qatar and the UAE). However the prices of the products imported legally are still higher than "grey markets" products.
Holdings
The companies held by Nikon form the Nikon Group
Cameras
In January 2006 Nikon announced [1] it will stop production of all but two models of its film cameras, focusing its efforts on the digital camera market. It will continue to produce the low-end FM10 and high-end F6, and announced a commitment to service all of the film cameras for a period of ten years after production ceases. The Nikon F6 is a 35 mm film -based Single-lens reflex camera body that became commercially available in 2004 and is the sixth top-of-the-line professional film [2]
Film 35 mm SLR cameras with manual focus
- Nikon F series (labeled in Germany as Nikkor)
- Nikkorex series
- Nikkormat FT series (known in Japan as Nikomat)
- Nikon F2 series
- Nikkormat EL series (known in Japan as Nikomat)
- Nikon F3 series
- Nikon FE2
- Nikon FE10
- Nikon FM10
- Nikon EL2
- Nikon FA
- Nikon FE
- Nikon FG
- Nikon FG20
- Nikon FM
- Nikon FM2 series
- Nikon FM3A
- Nikon EM
- Nikon F301 (known in North America as the N2000)
- Nikon F601m (known in North America as the N6000)
Film APS SLR cameras
 The Nikon Pronea 600i |
 The Nikon Pronea S |
Film 35 mm SLR cameras with autofocus
- Nikon F3AF (modified F3 body with DX-1 finder)
- Nikon F4
- Nikon F401 (known in the U.S. as the N4004)
- Nikon F401S (known in theU.S. as the N4004s)
- Nikon F401X (known in the U.S. as the N5005)
- Nikon F5
- Nikon F50 (known in the U.S. as the N50)
- Nikon F501 (known in North America as the N2020)
- Nikon F55 (known in the U.S. as the N55)
- Nikon F6
- Nikon F60 (known in the U.S. as the N60)
- Nikon F601 (known in the U.S. as the N6006)
- Nikon F65 (known in the U.S. as the N65)
- Nikon F80 (known in the U.S. as the N80)
- Nikon F801 (known in the U.S. as the N8008)
- Nikon F801S (known in the U.S. as the N8008s)
- Nikon F90 (known in the U.S. as the N90)
- Nikon F90x (known in the U.S. as the N90s)
Rangefinder cameras
- Nikon I (1948) [5]
- Nikon M (1949) [6]
- Nikon S (1951 [7]
- Nikon S2 (1954) [8]
- Nikon SP (1957) [9]
- Nikon S3 (1958) [10]
- Nikon S4 (1959) [11]
- Nikon S3M (1960) [12]
- Nikon S3 2000 (2000) [13]
- Nikonos line of underwater cameras
Digital compact cameras
Digital single lens reflex cameras
.jpg/180px-Nikon_D200_front_(aka).jpg)
High-end - FX/Full Frame sensor
- Nikon D3, August 23, 2007
High-end - DX sensor, high resolution
- Nikon D1, June 15, 1999
- Nikon D1X, February 5, 2001
- Nikon D2X, September 16, 2004
- Nikon D2Xs, June 1, 2006
High-end - DX sensor, high speed
- Nikon D1H, February 5, 2001
- Nikon D2H, July 22, 2003
- Nikon D2Hs, February 16, 2005
High-end - DX sensor
- Nikon D100, 21 February 2002
- Nikon D200, 1 November 2005
- Nikon D300, 23 August 2007[5]
Midrange - DX sensor
- Nikon D70, 28 January 2004
- Nikon D70s, 20 April 2005
- Nikon D80, 9 August 2006
Entry-level - DX sensor
- Nikon D50, 20 April 2005
- Nikon D40, 16 November 2006
- Nikon D40x, 6 March 2007
- Nikon D60, 29 January 2008
Nikon's raw image format format is NEF, for Nikon Electronic File. The single-lens reflex (SLR Camera uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging Introduced in 1959, the Nikon F Camera introduced the concept of the 35 mm Single-lens reflex camera (SLR system; that Introduced in 1959, the Nikon F Camera introduced the concept of the 35 mm Single-lens reflex camera (SLR system; that Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The Nikon Nikkorex series were low-cost fixed- lens, 35 mm film, single-lens reflex cameras produced by the Japanese optical manufacturer Nippon Kogaku For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Nikon F2 is a professional level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, single-lens reflex (SLR camera For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Nikon F3 is Nikon 's third professional Single lens reflex Camera body preceded by the F and F2. The Nikon FE2 is an advanced semi-professional level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, Single lens reflex (SLR Camera. The Nikon FA was an advanced amateur level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, single-lens reflex (SLR Camera. The Nikon FE is an advanced semi-professional level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, single-lens reflex (SLR Camera. The Nikon FG is a beginner or amateur level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, single-lens reflex (SLR camera The Nikon FG-20 is a 35 mm film single-lens reflex (SLR camera with interchangeable lenses The Nikon FM is an advanced mechanically-operated interchangeable lens 35 mm film, single-lens reflex (SLR Camera. The Nikon FM3A is an advanced semi-professional - professional level interchangeable lens Focal plane shutter, 35 mm film single-lens reflex ( SLR) camera The Nikon EM is a beginner’s level interchangeable lens 35 mm film, Single lens reflex (SLR Camera. The Nikon F301 (sold in North America as the N2000) was a manual focus Autoexposure, auto film loading and advancing 35 mm SLR Advanced Photo System ( APS) is a Film format for still Photography. The single-lens reflex (SLR Camera uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging The single-lens reflex (SLR Camera uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging The Nikon F100 was a 35mm film -based Single-lens reflex camera body introduced in 1999 The Nikon F4 is a 35mm autofocus (AF SLR camera first introduced in 1988 as the next generation in Nikon 's line of F series professional cameras The Nikon F401 (N4004 in North America was an Autofocus, 35mm, Single-lens reflex (SLR Film camera built by Nikon. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F5 is a 35 mm film -based Single-lens reflex camera body manufactured by Nikon from 1996 through 2004 The F50 (or N50 as it is known in the US) is a 35mm film SLR camera which was introduced by Nikon in 1994. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F501 (sold in North America as the N2020) was the first successful Autofocus SLR Camera sold by the Nikon Corporation The F55 (or N55 as it is known in the US) is a 35mm film SLR autofocus camera introduced by Nikon in 2002. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F6 is a 35 mm film -based Single-lens reflex camera body that became commercially available in 2004 and is the sixth top-of-the-line professional film The F60 (or N60 as it is known in the US) is a 35mm film SLR camera which was sold by Nikon between 1998 and 2001 The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F601, otherwise known as the Nikon N6006, was a 35mm single-lens reflex Film Camera that was produced by Nikon The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The F65 (or N65 as it is known in the US) is a 35mm film SLR camera introduced by Nikon in 2001. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F75 (sold in North America as the N75) was the last consumer-level Autofocus 35mm SLR Camera sold by the Nikon The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F80 (or N80 as it is known in the US) is an SLR camera manufactured by the Japanese Company Nikon for prosumers The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F801 (or N8008 in the US is a 35mm SLR of the late 1980s and one of the first Nikons with autofocus The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Nikon F90 (known as the N90 in North America is a ' Prosumer ' Camera. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A rangefinder camera is a camera fitted with a Rangefinder: a range-finding focusing mechanism allowing the photographer to measure the subject distance and take photographs Nikonos was the name given to a series of 35 mm film Cameras specifically designed for Underwater photography use The Nikon Coolpix series is the Point and shoot, non- SLR series of Digital cameras produced by Nikon. A digital single-lens reflex camera ( digital SLR or DSLR) is a Digital camera that uses an automatic mirror system and Pentaprism The Nikon D3 is a 121- Megapixel professional full frame (35mm Digital single-lens reflex camera (dSLR announced by the Nikon Corporation The Nikon D1 is a Digital single-lens reflex camera introduced on June 15, 1999. The Nikon D1 is a Digital single-lens reflex camera introduced on June 15, 1999. The Nikon D2X is a 124- Megapixel professional Digital single-lens reflex camera that Nikon Corporation announced on September 16, The Nikon D2X is a 124- Megapixel professional Digital single-lens reflex camera that Nikon Corporation announced on September 16, The Nikon D1 is a Digital single-lens reflex camera introduced on June 15, 1999. The Nikon D2H is a professional-grade Digital single-lens reflex camera introduced by Nikon Corporation on July 22 2003 The Nikon D2H is a professional-grade Digital single-lens reflex camera introduced by Nikon Corporation on July 22 2003 The Nikon D100 is a discontinued 6-megapixel Digital single-lens reflex camera camera designed for professionals and advanced hobbyists The Nikon D200 is a 102 megapixel Digital single-lens reflex camera that falls between entry-level and midrange DSLR cameras such as the Nikon D40, Nikon D40x The Nikon D300 is a 123-megapixel professional DX format digital single-lens-reflex (dSLR Camera that Nikon Corporation announced on 23 August 2007 along with The Nikon D70 is a digital single-lens reflex Camera model In Spring 2004 Nikon introduced it at the 2004 PMA Annual Convention and Trade Show The Nikon D70 is a digital single-lens reflex Camera model In Spring 2004 Nikon introduced it at the 2004 PMA Annual Convention and Trade Show The D80 is a Digital single-lens reflex camera model announced by Nikon on August 9th 2006 The D50 is a now-discontinued 61 megapixel entry-level Digital single-lens reflex camera from Nikon. The D40 and the D40x are the most compact members of Nikon 's entry-level digital SLR range announced November 16, 2006. The Nikon D60 is a 102 Megapixel Digital single-lens reflex camera announced in January 2008. A raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of a Digital camera or Image scanner. The "DSCN" prefix for image files stands for "Digital Still Camera - Nikon. "
Nikon designs its own sensors for their professional D Series (except for the D3 and D300, which used a Sony-manufactured CMOS sensor); a majority of their DSLRs have Sony-manufactured CCD sensors. Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor ( CMOS) (pronounced "see-moss" siːmɔːs ˈsiːmɒs is a major class of Integrated circuits CMOS technology Beginning with the D3 and D300, Nikon is commencing the use of CMOS sensors in their professional-grade cameras since it uses less power than a CCD sensor.
Optics
Lenses for 35 mm and digital single-lens reflex cameras
- See Nikon F-mount
Sport optics
Binoculars
- Sprint IV
- Sportstar IV
- Travelite v
- Mikron
- Action VII
- Action VII Zoom
- Sporter I
- Venturer 8/10x32
- Venturer 8x42
- Roof Prism
- Monarch
- Action EX
- StabilEyes
- Superior E
- Marine
Spotting scopes
- Spotter XL II WP
- Spotting Scopr R/A II
- Spotting Scope 80
- Field Scope III
- Field Scope ED 82
Other lenses
- See Nikkor
Electronic Flash Units
Nikon uses the term Speedlight for their electronic flash guns. The single-lens reflex (SLR Camera uses an automatic moving mirror system which permits the photographer to see exactly what will be captured by the film or digital imaging The Nikon F-mount is a type of interchangeable Lens mount developed by Nikon for its 35 mm SLR Cameras The F-mount was first introduced Nikkor is the brand of lenses produced by Nikon Corporation, including camera lenses for the Nikon F-mount. Speedlight is the Brand name used by Nikon Corporation for their Photographic flash units
- SB-R200
- SB-400
- SB-600
- SB-800
- R1C1
Film scanners
- Coolscan 2000 (35mm),
- Coolscan IV ED (35mm),
- Coolscan 4000 ED (35mm),
- Coolscan 8000 (35mm and medium format),
- Coolscan V ED (35mm),
- Super Coolscan 5000 ED (35mm),
- Super Coolscan 9000 ED (35mm and medium format)
Notes and references
- ^ Discussion of pronunication at dpreview.com
- ^ Nikon Camera History
- ^ http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/exhibitions/online/ddd/timeline/1950.html Douglas David Duncan meets a young Japanese photographer, Jun Miki, who introduces him to Nikon lenses. The Nikon SB-800 is a flash made by Nikon for their digital and film Single-lens reflex cameras It has electronic interfaces for Through-the-lens Working in Tokyo when the war in Korea breaks out. From July, 1950, to January, 1951, covers the Korean War.
- ^ Nikon Strengthens Digital Focus for 2006
- ^ Nikon D300. Nikon UK. Retrieved on 2008-01-17. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca
See also
- Nikkor
- Nikon F-mount
- Nikonian
External links
Nikon Digital SLR Timeline
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