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Nikāya is a word of meaning 'collection,' 'assemblage,' 'class' or 'group' in both Pali and Sanskrit. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices The History of Buddhism spans the 6th century BCE to the present starting with the birth of the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama. Several Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term Several Buddhist terms and concepts lack direct translations into English that cover the breadth of the original term A number of noted individuals have been Buddhists. Historical Buddhist thinkers and founders of schools Individuals are grouped by nationality except in cases where the The Schools of Buddhism. Buddhism is classified in various ways Buddhist texts can be categorized in a number of ways The Western terms "scripture" and "canonical" are applied to Buddhism in inconsistent ways by Western scholars Pali ( ISO 15919 / ALA-LC: Pāḷi is a Middle Indo-Aryan language or Prakrit of India. Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical [1] It is most commonly used in English in reference to Buddhist texts but also refers to Theravada monastic divisions. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Buddhist texts can be categorized in a number of ways The Western terms "scripture" and "canonical" are applied to Buddhism in inconsistent ways by Western scholars History Origin of the school The Theravāda school is ultimately derived from the Vibhajjavāda (or 'doctrine of analysis' grouping which was a continuation A Bhikkhu ( Pāli) or Bhiksu ( Sanskrit) is a fully ordained male Buddhist Monastic.
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Text collections
In the Theravada canon (in particular, the "Discourse Basket" or Sutta Pitaka) the meaning of nikaya is roughly equivalent to the English "collection", and is used to describe groupings of discourses according to theme, length, or other categories. The Sutta Pitaka (suttapiṭaka or Suttanta Pitaka cf Sanskrit सूत्र पिटक Sutra Pitaka) is the second of the three divisions of the Tipitaka or For example, the Sutta Pitaka is broken up into five nikayas:
- the Digha Nikaya, the collection of long (Pali: digha) discourses
- the Majjhima Nikaya, the collection of middle-length (majjhima) discourses
- the Samyutta Nikaya, the collection of thematically linked (samyutta) discourses
- the Anguttara Nikaya, the "gradual collection" (discourses grouped by content enumerations)
- the Khuddaka Nikaya, the "minor collection"
The non-Theravada equivalent is āgama, and thus the Sutta Pitaka of the Pali Canon is sometimes referred to as "the Agamas" by Mahayana Buddhists, or as "the Nikayas" in the company of Theravada Buddhists. The Digha Nikaya (dīghanikāya "Collection of Long Discourses" is a Buddhist scripture the first of the five Nikayas or collections The Majjhima Nikaya (-nikāya "Collection of Middle-length Discourses" is a Buddhist scripture the second of the five Nikayas or collections in the The Samyutta Nikaya (Saṃyutta Nikāya SN, "Connected Discourses" or "Kindred Sayings" is a Buddhist scripture the third of the five Nikayas The Anguttara Nikaya (aṅguttaranikāya "Gradual Collection" or "Numerical Discourses" is a Buddhist scripture the fourth of the five Nikayas or The Khuddaka Nikaya (-nikāya "Minor Collection" is the last of the five Nikayas or collections in the Sutta Pitaka, which is one of the "three Mahayana ( Sanskrit: mahāyāna, Devanagari: महायान 'Great Vehicle' is one of the two main existing schools of Buddhism and a term for
Monastic divisions
Among the Theravada nations of Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka, nikaya is also used as the term for a monastic division or lineage; these groupings are also sometimes called 'monastic fraternities' or 'frateries'. Nikayas may emerge among monastic groupings as a result of royal or government patronage (such as the Dhammayuttika Nikaya of Thailand, due to the national origin of their ordination lineage (the Siyam Nikaya of Sri Lanka), because of differences in the interpretation of the monastic code, or due to other factors (such as the Amarapura Nikaya in Sri Lanka, which emerged as a reaction to caste restrictions within the Siyam Nikaya). The Dhammayuttika Nikaya or Thammayut Nikaya (ธรรมยุต (ทำมะยุด นิกาย ធម្មយុត្តិក និកាយ is an order The Siam (also Siyamopali and Siyam) Nikaya is a monastic order within Sri Lanka, founded by Upali Thera and located predominantly The Amarapura Nikaya is a Sri Lankan monastic fraternity (a lineage of ordained monks founded in 1800 These divisions do not rise to the level of forming separate sects within the Theravada tradition, because they do not typically follow different doctrines or monastic codes, nor do these divisions extend to the laity.
See also
Notes
- ^ Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. The term Nikāya Buddhism was invented by Mahayanist scholars in order to find a more acceptable (less derogatory term than Hinayana to refer to the Early Buddhist schools 352, entry for "Nikāya" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:6.pali (retrieved 2007-11-06).
Bibliography
- Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds. Thomas William Rhys Davids ( May 12, 1843 - December 27, 1922) was a British scholar of the Pāli language and founder of ) (1921-5). The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. The Pali Text Society was founded in 1881 by TW Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pali texts" A general on-line search engine for the PED is available at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/.
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