Nicolas Charles Oudinot, 1st Comte Oudinot, 1st Duc de Reggio (25 April 1767 – 13 September 1847), was a Marshal of France. Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1767 ( MDCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 509 BC - The Temple of Jupiter on Rome 's Capitoline Hill is dedicated on the ides of September Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The Marshal of France (Maréchal de France and pl Maréchaux de France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a Military rank.
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Early life
Nicolas Charles Oudinot was the son of Nicolas Oudinot and Marie Anne Adam, he was the only child of nine that became an adult. His father was brewer, farmer and distiller of brandy in Bar-le-Duc, Lorraine. A farmer is a person who raises living organisms for food or raw materials Distillation is a method of separating Mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture Brandy (from brandywine, derived from Dutch brandewijn — “burnt wine” is a spirit produced by distilling Wine Bar-le-Duc is a town in northeastern France, in the Meuse département, of which it is the Préfecture (capital Lorraine (Lorraine Lothringen is a historical area in present-day northeast France. He soon decided on a military career, and served in the regiment of Medoc from 1784 to 1787, when, having no hope of promotion on account of his non-noble birth, he retired with the rank of sergeant. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking A regiment is a Military unit, composed of a variable number of Battalions – commanded by a Colonel. The Médoc ( Occitan: Medoc) is a region of France, well-known as a Wine growing region located in the département of Year 1784 ( MDCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries police forces and other uniformed organizations around the world
French Revolutionary Wars
The French Revolution changed his fortunes, and in 1792, on the outbreak of war, he was elected lieutenant-colonel of the 3rd battalion of the volunteers of the Meuse. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Lieutenant Colonel ( Lieutenant-Colonel in English from the French grade 's spelling is a rank of Commissioned officer in the armies Meuse (møːz is a department in northeast France, named after the Meuse River. His gallant defence of the little fort of Bitsch in the Vosges in 1792 drew attention to him; he was transferred to the regular army in November 1793, and after serving in numerous actions on the Belgian frontier he was promoted general of brigade in June 1794 for his conduct at the Battle of Kaiserslautern. Vosges (voːʒ is a French department, named after the Vosges mountain range. Year 1792 ( MDCCXCII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Brigadier General is the lowest ranking General Officer in some countries usually sitting between the ranks of Colonel and Major General. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Battle of Kaiserslautern (28-30 November 1793 was a battle of the War of the First Coalition (part of the French Revolutionary Wars) fought near the German
He continued to serve with distinction on the German frontier under Hoche, Pichegru and Moreau, and was repeatedly wounded and once (in 1795) taken prisoner. Louis Lazare Hoche ( June 24, 1768 - September 19, 1797) was a French soldier who rose to be general Jean-Charles Pichegru ( February 16, 1761 &mdash April 5, 1804) was a French General and political figure of the French Jean Victor Marie Moreau ( February 14, 1763 &ndash September 2, 1813) was a French general who helped Napoleon Bonaparte He was Andre Massena's right hand all through the great Swiss campaign of 1799, first as a general of division, and then as chief of the staff, and won extraordinary distinction at the Battle of Zürich. He was present under Massena at the Siege of Genoa, and so distinguished himself at the Battle of Monzambano that Napoleon presented him with a sword of honour. In the Siege of Genoa ( April 6 - June 4, 1800) the Austrians besieged and captured Genoa but the smaller French Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. He was made inspector-general of infantry, and, on the establishment of the empire, given the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, but was not included in the first creation of marshals. For the astrological term see Grand cross. The phrase Grand Cross is used to denote the highest grade in many orders of Knighthood.
Napoleonic Wars
He was, however, elected a member of the chamber of deputies, but had little time to devote to politics. He took a leading role in the war of 1805, commanding the famous division of "grenadiers Oudinot," made up of hand-picked troops and organized by him, with which he seized the Vienna bridges, received a wound at Hollabrünn in Lower Austria against the Russians and delivered the decisive blow at Austerlitz. The Battle of Schöngrabern (also known as the Battle of Hollabrunn) was an engagement in the Napoleonic Wars during the War of the Third Coalition The Battle of Austerlitz (Bitva u Slavkova also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of Napoleon's greatest victories effectively destroying the In 1807 he participated in Murat's victory in a battle at Ostrolenka in Poland and fought with resolution and success at the Battle of Friedland. Year 1807 ( MDCCCVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Joachim-Napoléon Murat (born Joachim Murat) ( Gioacchino Napoleone Murat) ( March 25 1767 &ndash October 13 1815) Ostrołęka is a town in northeastern Poland on the Narew river about 120 km (75 miles northeast of Warsaw, with a population of 53605 (2007 The Battle of Friedland ( June 14, 1807) saw Napoleon's French army decisively defeat Bennigsen's Russian army about twenty-seven Miles
In 1808 he was made governor of Erfurt and Count of the French Empire, and in 1809, after displaying brilliant courage at Wagram, he was promoted to the rank of Marshal of France. Year 1808 ( MDCCCVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Erfurt (ˈɛɐ̯fʊɐ̯t is a City in central Germany. It is the Capital of the state of Thuringia with a population of 202619 (2006 Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In the Battle of Wagram ( 5 – 6 July 1809) Napoleon Bonaparte 's French forces defeated Archduke Charles' Austrian The Marshal of France (Maréchal de France and pl Maréchaux de France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a Military rank. He was made a titular duke in chief of the duché-grand fief of Reggio in the satellite Kingdom of Naples, and received a large money grant in April 1810. A duke is a member of the Nobility, historically of highest rank below the Sovereign, and historically controlled a Duchy or a Dukedom Reggio di Calabria (Italian pronunciation /ˈrɛʤo ˌdikaˈlabrja/ Calabrian dialect: Rìggiu, Greek-Calabrian: Righi, Greek: The Kingdom of Naples was an informal name of the Polity officially known as the Kingdom of Sicily which existed on the mainland of the southern Italian
Oudinot administered the government of the Kingdom of Holland from 1810 to 1812, and commanded the II Corps of La Grande Armée in the Russian campaign. Not to be confused with the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Kingdom of Holland 1806 - 1810 (Koningrijk Holland Royaume The French invasion of Russia in 1812 was a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars. He was present at Lützen and Bautzen, and when holding the independent command of the corps directed to take Berlin was defeated at the Battle of Grossbeeren. In the Battle of Lützen ( May 2, 1813) Napoleon lured a combined Prussian and Russian force into a trap halting the advances This is about the battle in 1813 For the World War II battle see Battle of Bautzen (1945 In the Battle of Bautzen ( 20 - 21 May Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. In the Battles of Großbeeren and neighboring Blankenfield and Sputendorf ( 23 August, 1813) an allied Prussian Swedish He was then superseded by Marshal Ney, but the latter was defeated at the Battle of Dennewitz. Michel Ney, 1st Duc d' Elchingen, 1st Prince de la Moskowa ( January 10 1769 &ndash December 7 1815 The Battle of Dennewitz (Schlacht von Dennewitz took place on 6 September 1813 between the forces of the First French Empire and an army of Prussians
Oudinot was not disgraced. He held important commands at Leipzig and in the campaign of 1814. The Battle of the Nations (or Battle of Leipzig or Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig) on 16–19 October 1813 was one of the most decisive defeats suffered by Napoleon On Napoleon's abdication, he rallied to the new government, and was made a Peer of France by the Bourbon Restoration King Louis XVIII. Peerage of France (Pairie de France was a distinction within the French nobility which appeared in the Middle Ages. Louis XVIII (17 November 1755 – 16 September 1824 Louis Stanislas Xavier de France, was a King of France and Navarre. Unlike many of his old comrades, he did not desert to his former master during Bonaparte's 1815 return. Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year
Later life
His last active service was in the French invasion of Spain in 1823, in which he commanded a corps and was for a time governor of Madrid. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Year 1823 ( MDCCCXXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Madrid (pronounced in English in Spanish and colloquially in Spain) is the Capital and largest city of Spain. He died as governor of the Parisian veterans institution Les Invalides. Les Invalides in Paris, France, is a complex of buildings in the city's 7th arrondissement containing Museums and monuments all relating
Oudinot was not, and made no pretence of being, a great commander, but he was a great general of division. He was the beau-ideal of an infantry general, energetic, conversant with detail and in battle as resolute and skilful as any of Napoleon's marshals. He also inspired thinkers in the Austrian-Prussian revolutions of the late 19th century.
Notes
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
- Chandler, David (editor). Napoleon's Marshals. London: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1987. ISBN 0-297-79124-9
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