Bust of Nero Claudius Drusus, in the Musée du Cinquantinaire, Brussels

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, born Decimus Claudius Drusus (the date of his name change is unknown) and variously called Drusus, Drusus I, Nero Drusus, or Drusus the Elder (14 January 38 BC - 9 BC) was the youngest son of Roman Empress Livia Drusilla (third wife of Roman Emperor Augustus) from her first marriage to Tiberius Claudius Nero and was thus a patrician Claudian on both sides. Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is Year 38 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Year 9 BC was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Livia Drusilla, after 14 AD called Julia Augusta ( Classical Latin: LIVIA•DRVSILLA IVLIA•AVGVSTA (58 BC-29 AD was the wife of The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Tiberius Claudius Nero (ca 85 - 33 BC was a member of the Claudian Family of Ancient Rome. He was the brother of the Roman emperor Tiberius, the father of the emperor Claudius and the famous general Germanicus, a grandfather of the emperor Caligula, and a great-grandfather of the emperor Nero. Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius I) born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16 42 BC – March 16 AD 37) was the second Roman Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to Germanicus Julius Caesar ( 24 May 16 BC or 15 BC&ndash October 10, 19) Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (August 31 AD 12 &ndash January 24 AD 41 more commonly known by his nickname Caligula (kəˈlɪɡjʊlə was a Roman Emperor Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( December 15, 37 – June 9, 68) born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, also called

Birth

Drusus was born shortly before Livia divorced Tiberius Claudius Nero and married Augustus (17 January, 38 BC), giving rise to rumors that Augustus was the real father, although this is widely discredited by modern historians as Augustus had not yet met Livia when Drusus would have been conceived. Livia Drusilla, after 14 AD called Julia Augusta ( Classical Latin: LIVIA•DRVSILLA IVLIA•AVGVSTA (58 BC-29 AD was the wife of Tiberius Claudius Nero (ca 85 - 33 BC was a member of the Claudian Family of Ancient Rome. Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Year 38 BC was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Rumours is the thirteenth album by rock band Fleetwood Mac, released in 1977. Before Augustus married Livia, Tiberius Claudius Nero was declared Drusus' biological father. According to Suetonius, he was born with the praenomen Decimus, but it was later changed to Nero. See Praenomen (Ancient Egypt for the pharaonic throne name In Roman naming conventions, the praenomen (literally forename He was raised in Claudius Nero's house with his brother, the future emperor Tiberius, until his father's death. Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius I) born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16 42 BC – March 16 AD 37) was the second Roman Drusus and Tiberius developed a famously close relationship in this environment that would last the rest of their lives. Tiberius named his eldest son after his brother (in violation of Roman naming standards), and Drusus did likewise.

Marriage

Drusus married Antonia Minor, the daughter of Mark Antony and Augustus' sister, Octavia Minor, and gained a reputation of being completely faithful to her. Antonia Minor ( PIR2 A 885 also known as Antonia the Younger or simply Antonia ( 31 January 36 BC-September/October 37 was a Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark Octavia Minor (69 - 11 BC also known as Octavia the Younger or simply Octavia, was the sister of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus (known also Their children were Germanicus, Livilla, the future Emperor Claudius, and at least two others who did not survive infancy. Germanicus Julius Caesar ( 24 May 16 BC or 15 BC&ndash October 10, 19) (Claudia Livia Julia ( Classical Latin: LIVIA•IVLIA most commonly known by her family nickname of Livilla (the "little Livia" Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to After Drusus' death, Antonia never remarried, though she outlived him by nearly five decades.

Artist's interpretation of Drusus based upon a bronze.

Augustus bestowed many honors on his stepsons. In 19 BC, Drusus was granted the ability to hold all public offices five years before the minimum age. When Tiberius left Italy during his term as praetor in 16 BC, Drusus legislated in his place. He became quaestor the following year, fighting against Raetian bandits in the alps. Raetia (so always in inscriptions classical manuscripts usually use the form Rhaetia) was a province of the Roman Empire, bounded on the west by the country Drusus repelled them, gaining honors, but was unable to smash their forces, and required reinforcement from Tiberius. The brothers easily defeated the local Alpine tribes. In 13 BC, Drusus was sent to govern Gaul to quell riots caused by the actions of a previous administrator. Gaul (Gallia was the Roman name for the region of Western Europe comprising present day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western While there, a tribe of Germans entered Gaul and proceeded to attack Roman settlements. Drusus mobilized his legions and beat the invaders back across the Rhine. The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge He penetrated deep into German territory, traveling as far as the North Sea and placing a yearly tribute on the Frisians. The North Sea is a marginal, Epeiric sea of the Atlantic Ocean on the European Continental shelf. The Frisians are an ethnic group of Germanic people living in coastal parts of The Netherlands and Germany. As a reward, Drusus was made praetor urbanus for 11 BC. Praetor was a title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to men acting in one of two official capacities the commander of an Army, either before

Drusus did not have it in him to stay in Rome. In the spring of his term, he set out for the German border once more. He pushed once more into the territory of the various German tribes, only stopping at the onset of winter. He was attacked while making his way back to Roman territory, but managed to rout the German force. His troops proclaimed him Imperator and he was granted triumphal ornaments, as well as the office of proconsul for the following year. In 10 BC, the Chatti joined with the Sicambri and attacked Drusus' camp, but were easily defeated. The Chatti (also Chatthi or Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe whose homeland was near the upper Weser. The Sicambri (var Sicambers Sicambres Sigambrer Sugumbrer or Sugambri) were a Germanic people living in what is now called the Netherlands Drusus then went to meet Augustus and Tiberius in Lugdunum (at which point Claudius was born), and traveled with them to Rome. This article is about the city in Gaul for other uses of Lugdunum see Lugdunum (disambiguation Colonia Copia Claudia Augusta Lugdunum (modern He was easily elected Consul for 9 BC, but once more left the city before assuming office. Consul (abbrev cos; Latin plural consules) was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire He once again smashed the Chatti, and then began a campaign against the Marcomanni, but was turned back across the Rhine. The Chatti (also Chatthi or Catti) were an ancient Germanic tribe whose homeland was near the upper Weser. Marcomanni were a Germanic tribe, probably related to the Buri, Suebi or Suevi Drusus died soon after in consequence of a fall from a horse, lingering on for a month after the accident, by which point Tiberius had joined him. This is a list of people and fictional characters who had severe injuries or died from accidents related with Horses Some of the listed accidents had important political and historical Suetonius reports that he had refused to return to Rome just before his death. Drusus' body was brought back to the city, and his ashes were deposited in the "Mausoleum of Augustus. " He remained extremely popular with the legionaries, who erected a monument in Moguntiacum (modern Mainz) on his behalf. The Roman legionary was a professional soldier of the Roman army after the Marian reforms of 107 BC. Mainz (ˈmaɪ̯nʦ (Mayence is a City in Germany and the capital of the German federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate. His family was granted the hereditary honorific "Germanicus", which was given to his eldest son before passing to his youngest. Augustus later wrote a biography of him which did not survive.

Question of paternity

There has been some speculation about the paternity of Drusus, some suggesting that he was Augustus' biological son. However this idea is widely discredited by modern historians as Augustus never acknowledged Drusus as his son, nor did he make any attempt to adopt him. Augustus' only biological child was Julia the Elder, his daughter by Scribonia. Julia the Elder (October 39 BC - 14 known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia ( Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS•FILIA Scribonia (68 BC-16 was the daughter of Lucius Scribonius Libo and Cornelia Sulla (the daughter of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, the granddaughter of Pompey She gave birth to the five grandchildren (3 boys, 2 girls), whom he adopted as his heirs. After the deaths of 2 of his grandsons by Julia, and the banishment of the third, Augustus never moved to adopt Drusus' sons, Germanicus and Claudius. Augustus chose the much older Tiberius, who was definitely not related by blood, as sole heir and invested him with the powers of principate. Augustus seems to have had Tiberius adopt Germanicus as heir because of the latter's marriage to his granddaughter Agrippina (the last of Augustus' living grandchildren not in disgrace), and not because of any secret blood relationship.

Another reason the theory is unlikely is because Augustus and Livia were married for 51 years and never had children after their marriage. It may have been that Augustus and Livia were incapable of having their own children together despite the fact they had both successfully had children with other people (Augustus had Julia with Scribonia and Livia had Tiberius and Drusus with their father. Augustus ( Latin: IMPERATOR·CAESAR·DIVI·FILIVS·AVGVSTVS September 23 63 BC – August 19 AD 14) born Gaius Octavius Thurinus, was Julia the Elder (October 39 BC - 14 known to her contemporaries as Julia Caesaris filia or Julia Augusti filia ( Classical Latin: IVLIA•CAESARIS•FILIA Scribonia (68 BC-16 was the daughter of Lucius Scribonius Libo and Cornelia Sulla (the daughter of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, the granddaughter of Pompey Livia Drusilla, after 14 AD called Julia Augusta ( Classical Latin: LIVIA•DRVSILLA IVLIA•AVGVSTA (58 BC-29 AD was the wife of Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (or Tiberius I) born Tiberius Claudius Nero (November 16 42 BC – March 16 AD 37) was the second Roman Finally, Augustus didn't know Livia at the time that Drusus would have been conceived, meaning he couldn't beget a child by her.

See also

• Arch of Drusus

External links

• Media related to Nero Claudius Drusus from the Wikimedia Commons. Iullus Antonius (43 BC-2 BC also known as Iulus, Julus or Jullus, was the second son of Mark Antony and his third wife Fulvia. This is a list of Roman consuls Key Abbreviations Imp = Imperator suff The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Gaius Asinius Gallus Saloninus was an ambitious Roman Senator with family connections to the Julio-Claudian house Porta San Sebastiano is a gate in the Aurelian Wall of Rome, through which the Via Ardeatina or more generally the Via Appia, leaves the city