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See also: Neoromanticism (music) or New Romantic (British pop music)

The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in music and painting. In North American classical music and European classical music, neoromanticism is a style identified by the extended tonality that flourished during the late New Romantic was a short- lived Fashion and music movement that occurred primarily in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the very early 1980s It has been used with reference to very late 19th century and early 20th century composers such as Gustav Mahler particularly by Dalhaus who uses it as synonymous with late Romanticism. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the It has been applied to contemporary composers who rejected or abandoned the use of the devices of avant-garde modernism. Modernism describes an array of Cultural movements rooted in the changes in Western society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century

Pena Palace in Sintra, Portugal, is, probably the most important reference in Neo-Romanticism architecture
Pena Palace in Sintra, Portugal, is, probably the most important reference in Neo-Romanticism architecture

Contents

Late 19th century and early 20th century

It is considered in opposition to naturalism. The Pena National Palace (Palácio Nacional da Pena is the oldest Palace of the European Romanticism. Sintra ( pron 'sĩtɾɐ is both a town and a municipality in Portugal, located in the district of Lisbon. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Naturalism in art refers to the depiction of realistic objects in a natural setting The naturalist in art stresses external observation, whereas the neo-romantic adds feeling and internal observation. These artists tend to draw their inspiration from artists of the age of high romanticism, and from the sense of place they perceive in historic rural landscapes; and in this they react in general to the 'ugly' modern world of machines, new cities, and profit. The term sense of place has been defined and utilized in different ways by different people Characteristic themes include longing for perfect love, utopian landscapes, nature reclaiming ruins, romantic death, and history-in-landscape. Neo-romanticism is often accused by critics of being too insular, too interested in figurative painting and beauty, too fond of intuition, too distrustful of ideological & theoretical ways of comprehending art, and too in love with the past and the idealised / spiritual / haunted landscape. Figurative art describes Artwork - particularly paintings and sculptures - which are clearly derived from real object sources and are therefore by definition representational NOTICE TO WOULD-BE-ROMEOS*************** Intuition is apparent ability to acquire knowledge without a clear inference or the use of reason A more persuasive criticism is that neo-romanticism lacks an adequate conception of evil in the modern world.

Neo-romanticism tended to shed somewhat the emphasis of Romanticism on 'the hero' and romantic nationalism. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation This was particularly so in the decades after both of the world wars.

In Britain

1880-to-1910:

Neo-romanticism emerged strongly in the period from about 1880 to about 1910, in Britain. Year 1880 ( MDCCCLXXX) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was the formal name of the United Kingdom from 1 January 1801 until 12 April 1927

See:

1930-1955

In the 1920s, artists such as F. L. Griggs had begun to re-evaluate and re-discover the works of their Romantic forebears; from the visionary work of Samuel Palmer and William Blake via high Romanticism, to the neo-romanticism that flowered between 1880 and 1910. Frederick Landseer Maur Griggs RA, RE (October 30 1876 &ndash June 7 1938 was a distinguished English Etcher, architectural draughtsman Samuel Palmer ( January 27 1805 – May 24 1881) was an English landscape painter, Etcher and William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827 was an English poet, painter, and Printmaker. Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the This led to a further re-flowering - in the Depression and war years between 1930 and 1955 - and this can be seen in the work of: artists such as John Piper; John Tunnard, David Jones; Graham Sutherland; John Craxton; John Minton; Stanley Spencer; Eric Ravilious; Robin Tanner; writers such as John Cowper Powys; J. R. R. Tolkien; Mervyn Peake; C. S. Lewis; Arthur Machen; T. H. White; Dylan Thomas; Geoffrey Grigson; and Herbert Read; film-makers such as Humphrey Jennings; Powell and Pressburger (e. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar) John Egerton Christmas Piper CH ( December 13, 1903 – June 28, 1992) was a 20th-century English painter and Printmaker John Samuel Tunnard ( 7 May 1900 - 12 December 1971) was an English Surrealist and Modernist Designer David Jones CH ( 1 November 1895 – 28 October 1974) was both an artist and one of the most important first generation British Graham Vivian Sutherland OM ( August 24, 1903 &ndash February 17, 1980) was an English Artist. John Craxton RA, born London 3 October 1922 (or 1918 - sources differ is an English neo-Romantic painter Francis John Minton ( 25 December 1917 &ndash 20 January 1957) was a British painter and illustrator of landscapes portraits and figures Sir Stanley Spencer ( 30 June 1891 &ndash 14 December 1959) was an English painter. Eric William Ravilious ( 22 July 1903 - 2 September 1942) was an English painter designer book illustrator and wood engraver Robin Tanner ( Wiltshire, 1904–1988 was an English artist etcher and printmaker John Cowper Powys (ˌdʒɒn ˌkuːpɚ ˈpoʊɪs ( October 8, 1872 - June 17, 1963) was a British writer lecturer and philosopher Biography Mervyn Peake was born of British parents in Kuling ( Lushan) in Jiangxi Province of central China in 1911 only three months before the revolution Clive Staples Lewis (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963 Arthur Machen (ˈmækən ( March 3, 1863 &ndash December 15, 1947) was a leading Welsh Author of the 1890s Terence Hanbury White ( 29 May 1906 &ndash 17 January 1964) was an English Author best known for his sequence of Arthurian Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953 was a Welsh poet who wrote exclusively in English Geoffrey Edward Harvey Grigson ( 2 March 1905 &ndash 25 November 1985) was a British writer Sir Herbert Edward Read, DSO, MC (1893&ndash1968 was an English anarchist Poet, and Critic of Literature and Humphrey Jennings ( August 19 1907 &ndash September 24 1950) was an English Filmmaker and one of the founders of the The British film-making partnership of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, also known as The Archers, made a series of influential g. : A Canterbury Tale, 1944 and Gone to Earth, 1950); and photographers such as Edwin Smith; Roger Mayne; and John Deakin. Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1950 ( MCML) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Edwin George Herbert Smith ( 15 May 1912 - 29 December 1971) was an English Photographer. Roger Mayne (born 1929 in Cambridge) is an English Photographer, most famous for his documentation of the children of Southam Street London. John Deakin (1912&ndash1972 was an English portrait photographer best known for his work centered around members of Francis Bacon's Soho inner circle Many working in this vein benefited from efforts to record the English home front during World War II, proving able to provide a timely and useful romantic vision of the national heritage at a time of war. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

1955-1975

Neo-romanticism suffered neglect in the art world, when the strong waves of state-sponsored abstract expressionism and Warhol-ian pop art swept in from the USA from the 1950s to the 1970s. The Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF was an anti-communist advocacy group founded in 1950. Abstract expressionism was an American post– World War II Art movement. For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol Pop Art is a visual Art movement that emerged in the mid 1950s in Britain and in parallel in the late 1950s in the United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. But as major ecological awareness and 'back to the land' movements began in the mid to late 1970s; then the work of the neo-romantics began to be, once again, re-discovered and re-evaluated, often through the work of magazines such as Resurgence. Ecology (from Greek grc οἶκος oikos, "house(hold" and grc -λογία -logia) is the scientific study of This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Before this it survived most strongly in British poetry, for example in the growing posthumous reputation of Dylan Thomas, in the work of Vernon Watkins, Laurie Lee, and the celebratory poems of Ted Hughes. Dylan Marlais Thomas (27 October 1914 – 9 November 1953 was a Welsh poet who wrote exclusively in English Vernon Watkins ( June 27, 1906 &mdash October 8, 1967) was a Welsh poet and a painter Laurence Edward Alan "Laurie" Lee MBE ( June 26 1914 – May 13, 1997) was an English Poet, Novelist Edward James Hughes OM ( 17 August 1930 &ndash 28 October 1998) was an English Poet and children's One can also see neo-romanticism emerging in the serious science fiction and fantasy writing of the period. Benjamin Britten might be noted in this period; given his strong attraction to supernatural themes, folk music and the use of 'the innocent boy' as a motif. Edward Benjamin Britten Baron Britten, OM CH (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976 was an English Composer, conductor,

1975-present

Neo-romanticism continues, to this day, as a viable current in the English underground: notable artists being Alan Reynolds, Graham Ovenden and the Ruralists; Christopher Bucklow; Robert Lenkiewicz; Andrew Logan; and Ian Hamilton Finlay; photographers as Simon Marsden; the writers Angela Carter; Russell Hoban; Ted Hughes; Pauline Stainer; and Peter Ackroyd. For the 1960s counter-culture 'underground' see United Kingdom Underground. Alan Reynolds is one of the original supply side economists He is currently Senior Fellow at the Cato Institute and was formerly Director of Economic Research Graham Ovenden (born 1943 is an English painter, fine art photographer, Writer and Architect. Christopher Bucklow, also known as Chris Bucklow (born 1957 in Manchester is an English photographer Robert Oscar Lenkiewicz ( 31 December 1941 &ndash August 5 2002) was one of the South West England's most celebrated artists of modern Andrew Logan (born 1945 is an English sculptor, Performance artist Jewellery -maker portraitist and painter Ian Hamilton Finlay, CBE, ( 28 October, 1925 - 27 March, 2006) was a Scottish Poet, Writer, Artist Sir Simon Neville Llewelyn Marsden 4th Baronet (born December 1, 1948, in Lincoln Lincolnshire) is an English Photographer and Angela Carter ( May 7, 1940 – February 16, 1992) was an English novelist and journalist known for her Feminist, Russell Conwell Hoban (born February 4, 1925) is an American writer of Fantasy, Science fiction, mainstream Fiction, Edward James Hughes OM ( 17 August 1930 &ndash 28 October 1998) was an English Poet and children's Pauline Stainer is an acclaimed English poet She was born in the Industrial district of Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent, in 1941. Peter Ackroyd (born 5 October 1949, East Acton, London) is an English Author. It is also strongly present in the early super-8 and later personal films of Derek Jarman (e. Derek Jarman ( January 31 1942 – February 19 1994) was an English Film director, Stage designer g. The Garden, The Angelic Conversation). In serious popular music, one might cite Virginia Astley (From Gardens Where We Feel Secure); John Foxx (Systems of Romance and The Garden); and some have seen the early eccentric songs of Brian Eno (such as "Julie With…" and "St Elmo's Fire"), and even his later sound-scapes, as neo-romantic in nature. Virginia Astley is an English singer-songwriter active during the 1980s and 1990s John Foxx is the stage name of English musician Dennis Leigh. Brian Peter George St John le Baptiste de la Salle Eno (born 15 May 1948 commonly known as Brian Eno (ˈiːnoʊ is an English Musician, producer A group of British synthpop bands including Japan, Visage, Spandau Ballet are often credited with starting the so-called "New Romantic" movement as an offshoot of New Wave. Synthpop is a subgenre of New Wave and Pop music in which the Synthesizer is the dominant musical instrument Japan were a British pop/rock group formed in 1974 in Lewisham, southeast London. Visage is a British pop band Formed in 1978 the band became closely linked to the burgeoning New Romantic movement of the early 1980s Spandau Ballet were a popular British band in the 1980s Initially inspired by a mixture of Funk and Synthpop, the group eventually mellowed into a New Romantic was a short- lived Fashion and music movement that occurred primarily in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the very early 1980s New Wave is a Rock music genre that existed during the late 1970s and the 1980s

Neo-romanticism can be noted also as a strong current in British children's literature of the 1970s and 80s (e. Children's literature is an age category of literature written for published for or marketed to Children roughly through age 12 This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. g. : Alan Garner). Alan Garner OBE (born in Congleton, Cheshire, October 17, 1934) is an English writer whose work is firmly rooted in Cheshire

It is also a current in post-1945 British photography: Fay Godwin; James Ravilious; Raymond Moore and Andy Goldsworthy being a few notable names. Fay Godwin ( 17 February 1931 – 27 May 2005) was a noted British photographer most widely known for her black-and-white landscapes of James Ravilious ( 22 August 1939 - 29 September 1999) was an English photographer This page is on the British art photographer For the South African tennis player see Raymond Moore (tennis. Andy Goldsworthy (born 26 July 1956 is a British sculptor, Photographer and environmentalist living in Scotland who produces

In Estonia

In Europe

The aesthetic philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer has contributed greatly to neo-romantic thinking, especially in Europe. Johannes Vares ( - November 29, 1946) commonly known as Johannes Vares Barbarus was an Estonian Poet, doctor, and Politician Konrad Mägi ( November 1, 1878 – August 15, 1925) was an Estonian landscape painter. Johannes Semper (near Viljandi, - Tallinn, February 2 1970) was an Estonian writer and translator Tõnu Trubetsky (born 24 April 1963 also known as Tony Blackplait, is an Estonian Punk rock / Glam punk Musician, Film Marie Under ( Tallinn, 27 March 1883 – Stockholm 25 September 1980) was an Estonian Poet. Knut Hamsun, born Knud Pedersen ( August 4, 1859 - February 19, 1952) was a Norwegian author. Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century Art movement of French and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts Odysseas Elytis (Οδυσσέας Ελύτης (November 2 1911—March 18 1996 is a legendary Greek poet,regarded as one of the most important representatives Bernard Faucon (born 1950 is a French photographer and writer Balthasar Kłossowski de Rola ( February 29, 1908 in Paris &ndash February 18, 2001 in Rossinière, Switzerland Sigurður Nordal (1886&mdash1974 was an Icelandic Scholar, Writer, and Poet. Vicente Pío Marcelino Cirilo Aleixandre y Merlo (April 26 1898 — December 13 1984 was a Spanish Poet who was born in Seville. Anton Bruckner (4 September 1824 &ndash 11 October 1896 was an Austrian composer known primarily for his symphonies, masses, and Motets Dragotin Kette ( January 19, 1876 - April 26, 1899) was a Slovene Impressionist and Neo-Romantic Poet Wandervogel is the name adopted by a popular movement of German Youth groups from 1896 onward Catalan Modernisme (not to be confused with Modernism) was the Catalan equivalent to a number of fin-de-siècle movements such as Symbolism, Aesthetics or esthetics ( also spelled æsthetics) is commonly known as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values sometimes called Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence knowledge truth beauty justice validity mind and language

In Russia & Eastern Europe

In the USA

Much of the primarily U. Young Poland (Młoda Polska is a modernist period in Polish Visual arts, literature and music, covering roughly the years between Stanisław Przybyszewski ( Łojewo, 7 May 1868 – Kujawy, 23 November 1927) was a Polish novelist dramatist Berman Brothers could refer to Berman Brothers (painters, siblings Eugène and Leonid Berman Russian Neo-romantic painters and theater and opera designers Pavel Tchelitchew ( Russian Павел Фёдорович Челищев ( 21 September 1898, Moscow - 31 July 1957, Imagism was a movement in early 20th-century Anglo-American poetry that favored precision of Imagery, and clear sharp language Maxfield Parrish ( July 25, 1870 &ndash March 30, 1966) was an American painter and illustrator. Irwin Allen Ginsberg (ˈgɪnzbɝg (June 3 1926 &ndash April 5 1997 was an American Poet. Minor Martin White ( July 9, 1908 – June 24, 1976) was an American Photographer born in Minneapolis Minnesota Joseph Cornell ( December 24, 1903 &ndash December 29, 1972) was an American artist and sculptor one of the pioneers and most celebrated James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is an Academy Award -winning Canadian - American director Construction The Titanic was a White Star Line ocean liner built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland John Crowley (born December 1, 1942) is an American author of Fantasy, Science fiction and mainstream fiction Guy Mattison Davenport ( November 23 1927 – January 4 2005) was an American Writer, Translator, Illustrator Justine Kurland (b 1969 in New York City) is a fine art photographer, based in New York TAZ The Temporary Autonomous Zone Ontological Anarchy Poetic Terrorism is a book by Anarchist writer Hakim Bey. James Douglas Morrison (December 8 1943—July 3 1971 was an American Poet, Singer, Songwriter, Writer, and Film director S. sculptural art movement called earth art or environment art - from large-scale earth-moving to ephemeral works made from leaves & moss - echoes the neo-romantic call to re-enchant the landscape. Land Art, Earthworks or Earth Art is an art movement which emerged in America in the late 1960s and early 1970s in which landscape and the work of art

In popular culture

Main article: New Romantic

A Gothic-tinged variety of neo-romanticism abounds in modern popular culture, often aimed at youths. New Romantic was a short- lived Fashion and music movement that occurred primarily in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the very early 1980s Popular culture (or pop culture) is the Culture — patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures that give such activities significance and importance — A focal point of that phenomenon is in England and Germany. Some of the examples would be: fantasy Role playing games (e. Fantasy is a Genre that uses magic and other Supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, and/or setting A role-playing game ( RPG; often roleplaying game) is a Game in which the participants assume the roles of Fictional characters. g. : Dungeons & Dragons); 1970s progressive rock (e. Dungeons & Dragons (abbreviated as D&D or DnD) is a Fantasy Role-playing game (RPG originally designed by This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Progressive rock (often shortened to " progressive " " prog " or " prog rock " is a form of Rock music that evolved g. : Marc Bolan), Gothic Metal (e. Marc Bolan (born Mark Feld; 30 September 1947 – 16 September 1977) was an English singer songwriter and Guitarist g. : Sirenia) and contemporary heavy rock (e. Not to be confused with order Sirenidae (aquatic salamanders For the Gothic metal band see Sirenia (band Sirenia Hard rock (also referred to as heavy rock) is a variation of Rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage and Psychedelic rock g. : DragonForce). DragonForce are a British band formed in 1999 History DragonForce was formed in 1998 from the remnants of the band Demoniac under the name Within the goth subculture, bands such as Deine Lakaien or Dead Can Dance and in addition visual artists as Viona Ielegems or Gerald Brom. The goth subculture is a contemporary Subculture found in many countries Deine Lakaien is a German Darkwave group comprised of the vocalist Alexander Veljanov and the classically trained composer pianist and drummer Ernst Horn Dead Can Dance is a band comprising Lisa Gerrard ( Contralto) and Brendan Perry ( Baritone) Gerald Brom (born March 9 1965 in Albany Georgia) is an American gothic Fantasy artist and illustrator

Further reading

British:

See also

Modern manifestations:

Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Romantic Music is a Musicological term referring to a particular period theory compositional practice and canon in European music history from about 1815 to 1910 Guild socialism is a political movement advocating workers' control of industry through the medium of trade-related Guilds. François Marie Charles Fourier ( April 7, 1772 - October 10, 1837) was a French Utopian Utopian socialism is a term used to define the first currents of modern socialist thought Wandervogel is the name adopted by a popular movement of German Youth groups from 1896 onward Neopaganism or Neo-Paganism is an Umbrella term used to identify a wide variety of modern religious movements particularly those influenced by historical Neofolk is a form of Folk music -inspired experimental music that emerged from post-industrial music circles In North American classical music and European classical music, neoromanticism is a style identified by the extended tonality that flourished during the late New Romantic was a short- lived Fashion and music movement that occurred primarily in the United Kingdom and Ireland during the very early 1980s The goth subculture is a contemporary Subculture found in many countries See also American Scene painting, Regionalism is a realist modern American Art movement that was popular during the 1930s
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