Nelson
Nelson shown within Lancashire
Area[1]	1. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 8 sq mi (4. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 64 km²)
Population	28,998 (2001 Census)
- Density	16,187/sq mi (6,250/km²)
OS grid reference	SD856376
- London	184 mi (294 km) SSE
District	Pendle
Shire county	Lancashire
Region	North West
Constituent country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	NELSON
Postcode district	BB9
Dialling code	01282
Police	Lancashire
Fire	Lancashire
Ambulance	North West
European Parliament	North West England
UK Parliament	Pendle
Website: Pendle Borough Council
List of places: UK • England • Lancashire

Coordinates: 53°50′05″N 2°13′05″W / 53.8346, -2.218

Nelson is a town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of 28,998 in 2001. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of Subdivisions of England used for the purposes of Local government outside Greater London Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North West England is one of the nine official Regions of England. Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The, also known as the Blackburn postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Accrington, Barnoldswick, Blackburn, Burnley The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. Lancashire Constabulary is the Home Office police force responsible for policing the ceremonial county of Lancashire in the North West England The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and The Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Lancashire The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warner's plans to reduce the number of NHS North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Pendle is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of places within the ceremonial county boundaries of Lancashire, England. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It lies 4 miles (6. 4 km) north of Burnley on the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool.

It developed as a mill town during the Industrial Revolution, but has today lost much of its industry and is characterised by pockets of severe deprivation. A Mill town, also known as factory town or mill village, is typically a settlement that developed around one or more mills or factories (usually Cotton mills The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture manufacturing and transportation had a profound effect on the

Contents 1 History 2 Governance 2.1 Local 2.2 National 2.3 Europe 3 Demography 4 Transport 4.1 Road 4.2 Rail 4.3 Bus and coach 5 Media 6 People 7 References 7.1 Notes 7.2 Bibliography

History

The town was originally two villages, Little Marsden and Great Marsden. A small mill had been established by the Ecroyd family at Edge End as early as 1740,^[2] and there were two coal mines nearby,^[3] but it was the coming of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in 1796, followed by the East Lancashire Railway in 1849,^[4][5] that spurred its development as an industrial town, with an economy based mainly upon cotton weaving. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a Canal in the north of England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool. This article is about the present East Lancashire Railway for the previous incarnation see East Lancashire Railway 1844-1859 Overview Walverden Mill in Leeds Road was built in 1850,^[6] and was soon followed by others. The town became associated in the twentieth century with the production of confectionery as well, including Jelly Babies and Victory Vs, and was where the package holiday company Airtours (formerly Pendle Travel and now part of Thomas Cook) began life as an independent travel agent. Jelly babies are a type of soft Confectionery that look like little babies in a variety of colours Victory V is a British brand of Liquorice -flavoured lozenges. This article contains historical information about My Travel until its merger with Thomas Cook AG - for the new company see - Thomas Cook Group MyTravel Group PLC This article contains historical information about Thomas Cook AG until its merger with My Travel - for the new company see - Thomas Cook Group Thomas Cook AG It was granted its charter of incorporation by Queen Victoria in 1890. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland ^[7]

The textile industry has now sharply declined, leaving the town with high unemployment. The town is also home to Nelson F.C., who were Football League members from 1921 until 1931 and since then have played in the lower semi-professional leagues. Nelson Football Club are an English football club based in Nelson, Lancashire. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs

Cricket was extremely popular in the town during the inter-war period, and Nelson Cricket Club enjoyed the services of Learie Constantine, the West Indian cricketer. Learie Nicholas Constantine Baron Constantine MBE ( 21 September 1901 – 1 July 1971) was a Trinidadian - British After the war, Constantine was involved in public service and politics in both his native Trinidad, and in the UK. In 1969 Constantine became the first person of African descent to be given a life peerage, being created Baron Constantine, of Maraval in Trinidad and Tobago and of Nelson in the County Palatine of Lancaster.

Extreme left wing politics in the town led to it being labelled "little Moscow" by both the local and national press. Indeed the Nelson Leader ran the headline "Moscow Calling" during the lockout of 1928. The Nelson Leader is a weekly newspaper published every Friday for readers in the town of Nelson in Pendle, east Lancashire. There was significant Communist Party influence in the town both pre WWI and between the wars, although never as powerful as the Labour Party. Leftist politics was well established in the town before this period, however, and in fact before the formation of the Labour Party. When the Labour Party came to power in the town, they responded to local political feeling by placing utilities such as gas and water under the control of the municipal council, anticipating by decades the nationalisation of such utilities after WWII. The council refused, moreover, to participate in celebrations for King George V's silver jubilee in 1935, saying that they would rather spend public money on free dinners for school children and the jobless.

Governance

Nelson was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1890, and became, under the Local Government Act 1972, part of the non-metropolitan district of Pendle on 1 April 1974. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to The Local Government Act 1972 (1972 c 70 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, that reformed local government in England and Wales Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ^[8]

Nelson currently has three tiers of government, Pendle Borough Council and Lancashire County Council ("local"), the United Kingdom parliament ("national") and the European Parliament ("Europe"). Pendle Borough Council is a council covering the area of Pendle in east Lancashire, Great Britain. Lancashire County Council is the upper-tier Local authority for the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories The European Parliament ( Europarl or EP) is the only directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU Although the town is unparished, a town council, comprised of 24 councillors, was elected for the first time on 1 May 2008. In England, an unparished area is an area that is not covered by a Civil parish. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common ^[9]

Local

Pendle Borough Council has been governed since 2004 by the Liberal Democrats, led by Alan Davies (Liberal Democrat). Pendle Borough Council is a council covering the area of Pendle in east Lancashire, Great Britain. The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The mayor – a ceremonial post, which rotates annually – is currently Alan Buck (Liberal Democrat). A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The borough comprises sixteen wards in total, six of which – Bradley, Clover Hill, Marsden, Southfield, Walverden and Whitefield – represent the town. A ward in the United Kingdom is an electoral district at subnational level represented by one or more councillors

Lancashire County Council has been governed since 1994 by Labour. Lancashire County Council is the upper-tier Local authority for the Non-metropolitan county of Lancashire, England. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The town is represented on the council in three divisions: Brierfield & Nelson North, Nelson South, and Pendle Central. In the United Kingdom (UK, each of the electoral areas or divisions called constituencies elects one or more members to a parliament or assembly ^[10]

National

The Member of Parliament for Pendle, the constituency into which the town falls, is the backbencher Gordon Prentice (Labour), who was first elected in 1992. Pendle is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. For other meanings see Backbench A backbencher is a Member of Parliament (MP or a legislator who does not hold governmental Gordon Prentice (born 28 January 1951, Edinburgh) is a Politician in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Results |} The turnout was 33514074 from an Electorate of 43275316 voting in a total of 651 seats

Europe

Nelson lies within the North West England European Parliament constituency, which elects nine MEPs by proportional representation - currently three Conservative, three Labour, two Liberal Democrat and one UKIP. North West England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the The Liberal Democrats, often shortened to Lib Dems, are a liberal Political party in the United Kingdom, formed in 1988 by merging the The United Kingdom Independence Party (commonly known as UKIP, ˈjuːkɪp ^[11]

Demography

Year	Population[12]
1911	39,479
1921	39,841
1931	38,304
1939	34,803
1951	34,384
1961	32,292
1971	31,286
2001	28,998

The United Kingdom Census 2001 showed a total resident population for Nelson of 28,998. A nationwide Census, commonly known as Census 2001, was conducted in the United Kingdom on Sunday 29 April 2001 The town forms part of the Burnley-Nelson urban area, which has an estimated population of 149,796; for comparison purposes, this is about the same size as Huddersfield, Oxford or Poole. Huddersfield ( is a large Market town within the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, in West Yorkshire, England, 190 miles (306km north Oxford is currently bidding for the 2010 Wikimania Conference Oxford () is a city, and the County town of Oxfordshire, Poole ( is a large coastal town and seaport in Dorset on the south coast of England ^[13]

The racial composition of the town is 67. 79% White and 30. 70% Asian or Asian British. The largest religious groups are Christian (52. 07%) and Muslim (29. 15%). The town is strikingly segregated: the Marsden ward, which in 2006 elected the borough's first British National Party councillor, is 96. The British National Party (BNP is a Far-right and whites only political party in the United Kingdom. 58% White, while the Whitefield ward is 68. 72% Asian or Asian British. ^[14]

59. 02% of adults between the ages of 16 and 74 are classed as economically active and in work. ^[15]

Transport

Road

Nelson is served by Junction 13 of the M65 motorway, which runs west to Burnley, Accrington, Blackburn and Preston, and northeast to Colne. The M65 is a Motorway in Lancashire, England. It runs from just south of Preston through the major junction of the M6 and Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Accrington is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, in North West England. Blackburn ( is a large town in Lancashire, England. It lies to the north of the West Pennine Moors on the southern edge of the Ribble Valley Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 From the town centre, the A56 runs southwest to the M65 at Brierfield and northeast to Colne and beyond, while the A682 – Britain's most dangerous road^[16] – heads north into the Yorkshire Dales. The A56 is a road in England which extends between the city of Chester in Cheshire and the village of Broughton in North Yorkshire Brierfield is a small town (population approx over 9000 situated in Lancashire, England, in the district of Pendle. Colne is the second largest town in the borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 20000 List of A roads beginning with 6 in Great Britain starting east of the A6 and A7 roads and west of the A1. The Yorkshire Dales (also known as The Dales) is the name given to an upland area in Northern England.

Rail

Rail services to and from Nelson are provided by Northern Rail. Northern Rail (often referred to simply as Northern) is a Train operating company that has operated local passenger services in the north of England The town's railway station has an hourly stopping service west to Blackpool South via Blackburn and Preston, and east to Colne. Nelson railway station serves the town of Nelson in Lancashire, and is situated on the East Lancashire Line 3 km (2 miles away from the terminus at Blackpool South railway station is a single platform stop at the end of the Fylde coast branch line from Kirkham, in Lancashire, England Colne railway station serves the Lancashire mill town of Colne which is situated close to Pendle Hill. One service each day runs to and from Manchester Victoria. Manchester Victoria station is the second of Manchester 's mainline railway stations

Bus and coach

The main bus operator in Nelson is Burnley & Pendle, although Northern Blue and Tyrer Bus operate some services. Transdev Burnley & Pendle is a Bus operator running within the boroughs of Burnley and Pendle, and into the surrounding areas including Accrington Transdev Northern Blue is a Bus operator running from a depot in Plumbe Street Burnley in East Lancashire it is now a subsidiary of Transdev. Other services are provided by Coastlinks Express (X27 to Southport) and Pennine (215 to Skipton). Southport is a seaside town on the Irish Sea coast situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton, in England, UK. Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a Civil parish and historic Market town in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, National Express operates three coach services to London each day, and one to Birmingham, from the new bus station currently under construction next to the railway station. National Express Group plc ( is a UK -based Transport group with headquarters in London that operates Bus, coach, rail London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um

The town has good bus links into Manchester, compensating for the lack of a frequent rail link: the X43/X44 Witch Way service (operated by Burnley & Pendle) runs via Burnley and Rawtenstall to Manchester city centre, using a fleet of specially-branded double-decker buses with leather seats. Rawtenstall (pronounced "Rottenstall" ˈrɒtənˌstɔːl or ˈrɒʔnˌstɔːl is a town at the centre of the Rossendale Valley, in Lancashire, The fastest journeys take 1 hour 22 minutes.

Media

Local radio for Nelson is currently provided by 2BR and BBC Radio Lancashire, and – since September 2007 – by community radio service Pendle Community Radio, aimed primarily at the local Asian community. 2BR is a commercial radio station in East Lancashire. It broadcasts from studios in the Lomeshaye Industrial Estate in Nelson. Community radio is a type of Radio service that caters to the interests of a certain area broadcasting material that is popular to a local audience but is overlooked by more Pendle Community Radio is a community radio station based in Nelson Lancashire.

There are two local newspapers: the Nelson Leader, published on Fridays, and the daily Lancashire Telegraph, which publishes a local edition for Burnley and Pendle. The Nelson Leader is a weekly newspaper published every Friday for readers in the town of Nelson in Pendle, east Lancashire. The Lancashire Telegraph, formerly the Lancashire Evening Telegraph, is a local tabloid newspaper distributed in East Lancashire. Burnley is a large Market town in the borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73500 Pendle is a local government district and Borough of Lancashire, England, on the North Yorkshire and West Yorkshire borders

People

Footballer and manager Jimmy Hogan^[17] and actor John Simm^[18] were brought up in the town. James "Jimmy" Hogan ( 16 October 1882 in Nelson Lancashire; 30 January 1974 in Burnley, Lancashire John Ronald Simm (born 10 July 1970 in Leeds, West Yorkshire) is an English Actor and Musician.

References

Notes

Bibliography

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