Comunidad Foral de Navarra
Nafarroako Foru Erkidegoa

Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Pamplona (Iruña)
Official languages	Spanish and Basque
Area  – Total  – % of Spain	Ranked 11th  10,391 km²  2. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people For other meanings see Pamplona (disambiguation. Pamplona ( Basque: Iruñea or Iruña) is the capital city of Navarre An official language is a Language that is given a special legal status in a particular Country, State, or other territory Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Here is a list of the autonomous communities of Spain in order of Area. To help compare Orders of magnitude of different geographical regions  Areas between 10000 km² and 100000 km² are listed here Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2%
Population  – Total (2005)  – % of Spain  – Density	Ranked 15th  593,472  1. In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The density of a material is defined as its Mass per unit Volume: \rho = \frac{m}{V} Different materials usually have different Here is a list of the autonomous communities and autonomous cities of Spain in order of Population ( 2005) 3%  57. 11/km²
Demonym  – English  – Spanish	Navarrese  Navarro/a
Statute of Autonomy	August 16, 1982
Parliamentary representation  – Congress seats  – Senate seats	5  5 (4 elected and 1 appointed)
President	Miguel Sanz Sesma (UPN)
ISO 3166-2	NA
Gobierno de Navarra

Navarre (Spanish Navarra, Basque Nafarroa) is a region in northern Spain, constituting one of its autonomous communities - the "Foral Community of Navarre" (Spanish: Comunidad Foral de Navarra; Basque: Nafarroako Foru Erkidegoa). A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) The Cortes Generales ( Spanish for General Courts or Cortes Españolas, Spanish Courts) is the Legislature of Spain. The Spanish Congress of Deputies (Spanish Congreso de los Diputados) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain 's Legislative branch. The Spanish Senate ( Senado de España in Spanish) is the upper house of Spain 's Parliament, the Cortes Generales. Navarrese People's Union (in Spanish: Unión del Pueblo Navarro) is a conservative Political party active in the Navarre region of ISO 3166-2 is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes The section that applies to Spain codes the Provinces of Spain. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. An autonomous community is a first-level political division of the Kingdom of Spain, established in accordance with the Spanish Constitution. Fuero ( Spanish) is a Spanish legal term and conceptThe word comes from Latin forum, an open space used as market tribunal Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain

History

Main article: Kingdom of Navarre

A chapel in Roncesvalles

During the time of the Roman Empire, the territory of the province was inhabited by the Vascones, a pre-Roman tribe who inhabited the southern slopes of the Pyrenees. The Kingdom of Navarre (Reino de Navarra Nafarroako Erresuma Royaume de Navarre originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, was a European kingdom which occupied lands on either Roncesvalles (Roncevaux Orreaga is a small village and Municipality of northern Spain ( Navarre Cities) in the province of Navarre The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Vascones (Latin singular VASCO) were an ancient people who at the arrival of the Romans, inhabited the region of present day Navarre The Pyrenees (Pirineos French: Pyrénées; Catalan: Pirineus; Occitan: Pirenèus; Aragonese: Perinés The tribe managed to keep its Basque language and traditions under the Romans. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC The area was never fully subjugated either by the Visigoths or by the Arabs. The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, or Wisi were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding In 778, a Frankish army was defeated by the Basques in the Battle of Roncevaux Pass. The Franks or Frankish people (Franci or gens Francorum) were West Germanic tribes first identified in the 3rd century as an Ethnic group The Battle of Roncevaux Pass ( French and English spelling Roncesvalles in Spanish, Orreaga in Basque) was a In 824, the chieftain Iñigo Arista was chosen King of Pamplona which laid the foundations of the Kingdom of Navarre. Events By Place Europe Third Battle of Roncevaux Pass: The Basques and Banu Qasi defeat counts Eblo and Aznar Frankish This is a list of the kings of Pamplona ( Iruña in Basque), later Navarre. The kingdom reached its zenith during the reign of Sancho III of Navarre and covered the areas of the present-day Navarre, Basque Country, La Rioja, and parts of Cantabria, Castilla y Leon, and Aragon. Sancho III Garcés (late 10th century &ndash 18 October 1035) called the Great ( Spanish: el Mayor or el Grande) was The Basque Country ( Basque Euskadi, Spanish País Vasco) is an autonomous community in northern Spain. Cantabria is a Spanish province and Autonomous community with Santander as its capital city Castile and León (Castilla y León known formally as the Community of Castile and León is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. However, after his death, the country was divided between his sons and never fully recovered. The army of Navarre took part in the decisive battle of Las Navas de Tolosa alongside the other Christian Spanish kingdoms in 1212 after which the Muslim possessions in the Iberian Peninsula were reduced to a small territory in the south. The July 16 1212 battle of Las Navas de Tolosa ( Spanish: Batalla de Las Navas de Tolosa / Arabic: معركة العقاب Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Navarre was finally absorbed into the united Spanish Kingdom in 1513, and a small area to the north of the Pyrenees eventually became part of France. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The former state obtained some specific rights after its incorporation in united Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The northern side was also part of the French empire until Louis XVI (King of France and Navarre) was executed and the kingdom was merged into France.

The Javier Castle

Community, geography, and climate

Situated in the northeast of the Iberian peninsula, Navarre is bordered by France to the north, Aragón to the east, La Rioja to the southwest, and the Basque Country to the west. The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Aragon ( Spanish: "Aragón") is an autonomous community of Spain. The Basque Country ( Basque Euskadi, Spanish País Vasco) is an autonomous community in northern Spain. The territory includes an enclave, Petilla de Aragón, which is completely surrounded by Aragón. Petilla de Aragón is a town and Municipality of the autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain.

The community is governed as an autonomous region with its own parliament (Parlamento de Navarra) and government (Gobierno de Navarra). As in other autonomous regions in Spain, health, employment, education, and social services, together with housing, urban development, and environment protection policies are under the responsibility of its own institutions. Unlike other regions (and like the Basque Country), it has almost full responsibility for collecting and administering taxes which must follow the overall guidelines established by the Spanish government but may have some minor differences. The Basque Country ( Basque Euskadi, Spanish País Vasco) is an autonomous community in northern Spain.

It is made up of 272 municipalities and has a total population of 601,874 (2006), of which approximately one-third live in the capital, Pamplona (195,769 pop. This is a list of the municipalities in the province and Autonomous community of Navarre, Spain. For other meanings see Pamplona (disambiguation. Pamplona ( Basque: Iruñea or Iruña) is the capital city of Navarre ), and one-half in the capital’s metropolitan area (315,988 pop. ). There are no other large municipalities in the region. The next largest are Tudela (32,802), Barañáin (22,401), Burlada (18,388), Estella - Lizarra (13,892), Zizur Mayor (13,197), Tafalla (11,040), Villava/Atarrabia (10,295), and Ansoáin (9,952). Tudela is a Municipality in Spain, the second city of the Autonomous community of Navarre. Barañain is a town and Municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. Burlada (Burlata is a Municipality in Navarre province Spain on the outskirts of the city of Pamplona. Zizur Mayor (Basque Zizur Nagusia) is a Municipality in the Spanish autonomous community of Navarra, Northern Spain. Tafalla is a town and Municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. Villava/Atarrabia is a town and Municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. Ansoain is a town and Municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarra, northern Spain.

Despite its relatively small size, Navarre features stark contrasts in geography, from the Pyrenees mountain range that dominates the territory to the plains of the Ebro river valley in the south. The Pyrenees (Pirineos French: Pyrénées; Catalan: Pirineus; Occitan: Pirenèus; Aragonese: Perinés

Climate

The climate of Navarre mixes influences from the Pyrenees mountains and Ebro river valley, creating a great difference between the climates of the north (much more humid and with frequent rainfall) and of the south (more Mediterranean with higher temperatures and more sporadic precipitation). The Ebro ( Ebre) is Spain 's most voluminous river Its source is in Fontibre ( Cantabria) A Mediterranean climate is one that resembles the Climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, which includes over half of the area with this climate type world-wide One can pass from the humid Cantabrian valleys in the north to the arid, steppe-like Bardenas Reales on the banks of the Ebro river in just a few kilometers. In physical Geography, a steppe ( German, from степь - "a flat and arid land" степ - /stɛp/ тал - tal дала - /dɑlɑ/ pronounced Bardenas Reales is a semi-desert in Navarre, Spain.

Cultural heritage

Monastery of Leire

Navarre is a mixture of its ancient tradition and Mediterranean influences coming from the Ebro. The Ebro ( Ebre) is Spain 's most voluminous river Its source is in Fontibre ( Cantabria) The Ebro valley is amenable to wheat, vegetables, wine, and even olive trees as in Aragon and La Rioja. Wheat ( Triticum spp is a worldwide cultivated grass from the Levant area of the Middle East. The term " vegetable " generally means the edible parts of Plants The definition of the word is traditional rather than Scientific, however Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice The Olive ( Olea europaea) is a Species of small Tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern It was a part of the Roman Empire, and in the Middle Ages it became the taifa kingdom of Tudela. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial A taifa (from طائفة ṭā'ifa, plural طوائف ṭawā'if) in the history of Iberia was an independent Muslim -ruled principality During the Reconquista, the Northerners extended southwards. The Reconquista (a Spanish and Portuguese word for "Reconquest" Arabic: الاسترداد, "Recapturing" was a period In the Middle Ages, Pamplona was a crossroads for Gascons from beyond the Pyrenees and Romance speakers

Energy policy

Main article: Wind power in Spain

Navarre leads Europe in its use of renewable energy technology and is planning to reach 100% renewable energy generation by 2010. Gascony (Gascogne gaskɔɲ Gascon Occitan: Gasconha, pronounced) is an area of southwest France that constituted a province of France The Romance languages (sometimes referred to as Romanic languages, or Neolatin languages) are a branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all See also Renewable energy in Spain Spain is one of the three world’s largest users of Wind power with an installed capacity Renewable energy is Energy generated from Natural resources mdashsuch as Sunlight, Wind, Rain, tides and geothermal For the film see 2010 The Year We Make Contact. For the book see 2010 Odyssey Two. By 2004, 61% of the region's energy was generated by renewable sources consisting of 43. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " 6% from 28 wind farms, 12% from over 100 small-scale water turbines, and 5. A wind farm is a group of Wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power A water turbine is a rotary Engine that takes energy from moving water 3% from 2 biomass and 2 biogas plants. Biomass refers to living and recently dead Biological material that can be used as fuel or for industrial production See also Natural gas, Biofuel Biogas typically refers to a Gas produced by the biological breakdown of Organic matter in the In addition, the region had what was then Spain's largest photovoltaic power plant at Montes de Cierzo de Tudela (1. Photovoltaics ( PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of Solar cells for Energy by converting Sunlight directly 2 MWp capacity) plus several hundred smaller photovoltaic installations.

Developments since 2004 have included further photovoltaic plants at Larrión (0. 25 MWp) [1] and another at Castejón (2. Castejón is a town and Municipality located in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, northern Spain. 44 MWp), also once the largest in Spain [2].

Culture

map showing density of Basque-speakers

Navarre has two official languages in at least part of its territory: Spanish and Basque. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain The north-western part of the community is largely Basque-speaking while the southern part is almost completely Spanish-speaking. The capital (Pamplona/Iruña) is officially in the mixed region. For other meanings see Pamplona (disambiguation. Pamplona ( Basque: Iruñea or Iruña) is the capital city of Navarre Legally, Navarre is divided into three parts linguistically: regions where Basque is widespread (the Basque-speaking area) and is an official language, regions where Basque is present (the mixed region) and is quasi-official, and regions where Basque is absent (the Spanish-speaking area) and is not official. These areas do not always conform clearly to the actual linguistic boundaries, and the Basque associations in Navarre strongly object to this framework but lack enough political representation to overturn it. See Basque language. Basque ( native name: euskara) is the Language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain

See also

• Lower Navarre
• Kingdom of Navarre
• Kings of Navarre
• Parliament of Navarre
• Renewable energy in the European Union

External links

• Official website (in Basque/English/French/Spanish)
• Bardenas Reales desert (Navarra)
• Northern Spanish region leads way on renewable energy
• Navarra: Electricity from renewable energy sources
• Euskara Kultur Elkargoa-Basque Cultural Foundation
• Navarra en Fotos
• Saint James route and wine