Nanning 南宁
Nanning Railway Station
Location within China
Nanning Location within China
Coordinates: 22°49′N 108°19′E / 22.817, 108.317
Country	China
Province	Guangxi
County-level divisions
Township divisions
Area
- Total	22,293 km² (8,607. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted See also Administrative divisions of the Republic of China Due to China 's large Population and area the political divisions of China have consisted Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 4 sq mi)
Population (2006)
- Total	6,480,000
- Density	290. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 7/km² (752. 8/sq mi)
Time zone	China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Postal code	530000
Area code(s)	771
License plate prefixes	桂A
Website: www.nanning.gov.cn (Chinese)

Nanning (simplified Chinese: 南宁; traditional Chinese: 南寧; pinyin: Nánníng) is the capital of Guangxi autonomous region in southern China. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours The Postal code for the People's Republic of China uses a numeric six-digit System for the whole country A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The Chinese Telephone Code Plan is the way to group telephone numbers in the mainland of the People's Republic of China. The People's Republic of China issues vehicles Licence plates at its Vehicle Management Offices under the administration of the Ministry of Public Security Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. An autonomous region ( is a first-level administrative subdivision of China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National It is known as the "Green City" because of its abundance of lush tropical foliage. The Tropics are centered on the Equator and limited in Latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the northern hemisphere at approximately 23°26' (23 In Botany, a leaf is an above-ground Plant organ specialized for Photosynthesis.

Contents 1 Geography 2 Flora and fauna 3 History 4 Administrative divisions 5 Economy 6 Demographics 7 Culture 8 Tourism 9 Colleges and universities 10 Sister cities 11 References 12 External links

Geography

Nanning is located in the southern part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 160 km from the border with Vietnam. Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially It has an area of 22,293 square kilometers. ^[1]

The city is located on the north bank of the Yong River, the chief southern tributary of the Xi River, and lies some 30 km below the confluence of the Yu and the Zuo rivers. Xi River ( Chinese 西江 Pinyin: Xī Jiāng, Postal map spelling: Si Kiang, lit The Yong River (which later becomes the Yu River) affords a good route to Guangzhou and is navigable by shallow-draft junks and motor launches, even though it is obstructed by rapids and sandbanks. Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city

Nanning is situated in a hilly basin with elevations between 70 and 500 m above sea-level. Qingxiu Mountain dominates the southern part of town.

Nanning's climate is sub-tropical and monsoonal and it is sometimes warm in winters as well as summers. A tropical climate is a kind of Climate typical in the Tropics. A monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind which lasts for several months Average temperature is 21. 7°C. It is often windy or breezy and very rainy, with more than 1300 mm of precipitation annually. It is also frost-free for all but 3 or 4 days a year and never snows. Frost is the solid deposition of Water vapor from saturated air

Flora and fauna

Nanning's tropical climate gives it an amazing amount of biodiversity. A tropical climate is a kind of Climate typical in the Tropics. Biodiversity is the variation of Life forms within a given Ecosystem, Biome or for the entire Earth. There are many species of animals and more than 3,000 species of plants. Its city flower is the Jaba flower, an evergreen shrub, and its city tree is almond tree which is regarded as the backbone tree used for greening and landscaping throughout the city. The Almond ( Prunus dulcis, syn Prunus amygdalus Batsch Amygdalus communis L

History

A county seat was first established at the site in AD 318; called Jinxing, it also became the administrative seat of a commandery. The commandery ( 郡 in Pinyin: jùn was a historical administrative level of China. Nanning was once the territory of the Baiyue people and became the capital of Jinxing Prefecture separated from Yulin Prefecture of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The Jìn Dynasty ( 265 – 420) one of the Six Dynasties, followed the Three Kingdoms period and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties It was the first time for Nanning to be the seat of a county and a prefecture, which marked the beginning of the founding of its administrative division.

In 589 the commandery was suppressed, and the county was renamed Xuanhua. Under the Tang dynasty (618–907) the prefecture of Yong (Yongzhou) was established there; it was garrisoned to control the non-Chinese districts in Guangxi and on the Yunnan–Guizhou provincial border. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. ( also spelled Kweichow) is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country In the mid-9th century the Tang and the Yunnan state of Nanzhao fought over it, and after 861 it was briefly occupied by Nanzhao. Nanzhao, alternate spellings Nanchao and Nan Chao ( Traditional Chinese: 南詔 Simplified Chinese: 南诏 Pinyin: Nánzhāo It remained a frontier prefecture throughout the Song dynasty (960–1279), being the scene of a rebellion led by Nong Zhigao in 1052 and thereafter a garrison town. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Nong Zhigao (1025—1055? is a hero admired by the Zhuang people Garrison (various spellings (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip" is the collective term for a body of Troops

In the Yuan Dynasty in 1324, it was renamed as Nanning Lu (an administrative division) from Yongzhou Lu meaning "May peace maintain in the southern frontier", hence the name Nanning. The Yuan Dynasty ( Pinyin: Yuáncháo Dai Ön Ulus (Дай Юан Улс was a ruling Dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai In its history, Nanning was famous for business trade, which had had permanent business offices from other areas in China since the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty ( Wade-Giles: Sung Ch'ao was a ruling dynasty in China between 960&ndash1279 CE it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms

Under the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) dynasties, it was a superior prefecture, Nanning. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led Not to be confused with Qin Dynasty, the first dynasty of Imperial China In the Ming Dynasty Nanning developed into the commodity distributing center of the Zuojiang River and the Youjiang River with the reputation of "Little Nanjing". The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led

Opened to foreign trade by the Chinese in 1907, it grew rapidly. From 1912 to 1936 it was the provincial capital of Guangxi, replacing Guilin in 1914. Guilin ( Pinyin: Guìlín) is a city in China, situated in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on the west bank of the

Early in the 20th century the city spilled over from the old walled city into a southern suburban area. In the 1930s Nanning became the centre of a "model provincial government" under the warlord Li Zongren, and a spacious modern city was laid out. Li Zongren or Li Tsung-jen ( POJ: Lí Chong-jîn ( 13 August 1890 - 13 January 1969) Courtesy name Delin During the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–45), Nanning was temporarily occupied in 1940 by the Japanese. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. It subsequently became an important U.S. air base supporting the Chinese armies in Guangxi, but during 1944–45 it was again under Japanese occupation. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An airbase, sometimes referred to as an Air Force Station, a military Airport or airfield, provides basing and support of Military

In 1949 Nanning again became the provincial capital, first of Guangxi province and then (1958) of the Zhuang autonomous region of Guangxi, which replaced it. A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Until then Nanning had essentially been a commercial center dependent on Guangzhou and on the Xi River system. Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city Xi River ( Chinese 西江 Pinyin: Xī Jiāng, Postal map spelling: Si Kiang, lit In the late 1930s a railway was begun, joining Hengyang in southern Hunan province with Guilin, Liuzhou, Nanning, and the Vietnam border, while another was begun from Liuzhou to Guiyang in Guizhou. ( is a province of China, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and south of Lake Dongting (hence the name Hunan, meaning Guilin ( Pinyin: Guìlín) is a city in China, situated in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on the west bank of the Liuzhou ( is a Prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Guiyang ( is the capital of Guizhou Province the People's Republic of China. ( also spelled Kweichow) is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country The construction of the Nanning section of this line was halted in 1940 by the Japanese advances, however, and was not completed until 1951, after which Nanning was directly linked with central China; completion of a branch line to the port of Zhanjiang (in Guangdong) in 1957 gave it a direct outlet to the sea. South Central China ( Chinese: 中南 Pinyin: Zhōngnán) is a region of China defined by governmental bureaus that includes the provinces Zhanjiang (湛江 French Fort-Bayard) is a Prefecture-level city in Guangdong province in southeast China. Guangdong ( EFEO: Kouangtong; Pinyin Guǎngdōng; Postal map spelling: Kwangtung) is a province on the During the French war in Indochina (1946–54), Nanning was the chief support base in China for the Vietnamese forces, and during the Vietnam War in the 1960s and early 1970s it again became a staging post for the sending of supplies southward to North Vietnam. The First Indochina War (also known as the French Indochina War, the The Anti-French War, the Franco-Vietnamese War, the Franco-Vietminh War, The Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War, or the Vietnam Conflict, occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN or less commonly Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa was a Country on the northern half of Vietnam It was also an important military supply center during the Sino-Vietnam confrontation in 1979. The Sino–Vietnamese War, also known as the Third Indochina War, was a brief but bloody border war fought in 1979 between the People's Republic of China (PRC

Formerly an essentially commercial and administrative center, Nanning from 1949 experienced industrial growth. The city is surrounded by a fertile agricultural region producing subtropical fruits and sugarcane; food processing, flour milling, sugar refining, meatpacking, and leather manufacture are important in the city. Sugarcane ( Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae tribe Andropogoneae Refining (also called affining) is the process of Purification of a substance. Nanning has been a center for printing and paper manufacture, and it is also important in heavy industry.

After the recognition of the Zhuang ethnic minority in 1958, Nanning became the chief center for the training of Zhuang leaders. The Zhuang (in the Zhuang language: Bouчcueŋь/Bouxcuengh) are an Ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Guangxi University, a large medical school, and a school of agriculture all date from the 1920s. Guangxi University (abbreviation Xi Da (西大）; Chinese: 广西大学 Pinyin: Guangxi Daxue is a state University, located in Nanning

A cavern at Yiling, 19 km to the northwest, has a 1,100 m passage through picturesque stalactites. A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter Yichang (宜昌 Pinyin: Yíchāng is a Prefecture-level city in Hubei province of China. A stalactite ( Greek stalaktites, (Σταλακτίτης from the word for "drip" and meaning "that which drips" is a type of Speleothem In the 1970s colored lights were installed and the cavern was developed as a tourist attraction.

Nanning served as host for annual China-ASEAN EXPO (CASEAN EXPO) in 2005 and as the venue for the 2006 "World Robotics Olympiad". The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, commonly referred to as ASEAN, ˈɑːsiːɑːn AH-see-ahn in English (the Official language

Administrative divisions

Nanning has jurisdiction over 6 districts, 6 counties, and 6 development zones. The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn)

Districts:

• HingNing (兴宁区)
• ChingSau (青秀区)
• KongNam (江南区)
• SaiXiangTang (西乡塘区)
• LeungHing (良庆区)
• YongNing (邕宁区)

Counties:

• MoMing (武鸣)
• LungOn (隆安)
• MarSan (马山)
• ShangLim (上林)
• BinYeung (宾阳)
• Heng (横县)

Development Zones:

• Nanning High-Tech Business DZ (南宁高新技术产业开发区)
• Nanning Economic and technology DZ (南宁经济技术开发区)
• Nanning Overseas Chinese Investment Zone (南宁华侨投资区)
• Nanning ChingSau Mountain Resort/ Tourism Area (南宁青秀山风景名胜旅游区)
• Nanning XiangSze Lake New Area (南宁相思湖新区)
• Nanning LukKing Industrial Park (南宁六景工业园区)

Economy

2004 GDP was 58. Heng is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from H combined with something similar to Eng. 8 billion RMB, which was a 13% growth over the previous year. The GDP per capita was ¥16,121 (ca. US$1,950) in 2003, ranked no. 116 among 659 Chinese cities. Foreign exports in 2004 were 5 billion USD. Foreign fixed asset investment was 26 billion RMB. Nanning has 6 development zones and industrial parks, 3 of which accounted for 6 billion RMB of Nanning's GDP, more than 8% of Nanning's total.

Mineral resources include gold, iron, manganese, aluminum, quartz, silver, indium, coal, marble, and granite. One third of China's different types of mineral resources are found in Nanning.

Demographics

As of 2006 , the total population of Nanning was 6. 48 million, among which 2. 45 million were urban residents after the adjustment of administrative divisions. Nanning is a city where Zhuang ethnic group live in compact communities, and also the only city in all the autonomous regions in China features a southern flavor, together with open coastal areas. Thirty-five ethnic groups live in compact communities in Nanning, including people of Zhuang, Han, Yao, Hui, Miao, Dong, and Man minorities, among these groups the Zhuang people make up 56. The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Yao nationality ( Traditional Chinese: 瑤族 Simplified Chinese: 瑶族 Pinyin: Yáo zú; Vietnamese: người Dao The Miao ( Vietnamese: Mèo or H'Mông Thai: แม้ว (Maew or ม้ง (Mong Burmese: mun lu-myo) are a linguistically and culturally 3% of the total population. There is little serious ethnic tension because most of these urbanised ethnic minorities are indistinguishable from China's majority Han ethnic group.

Culture

Nanning is the center of science and technology, education, culture and sanitation Guangxi Province. There are altogether 54 scientific research institutes subordinate to districts. 10 colleges and 50 trade schools are training specialty personnel of all kinds for society. Now there are 62 mass cultural organizations, 13 performing groups, 8 cinemas, 285 projecting units, over 70 karaoke halls and over 1000 newsstands. Bookshops and cultural markets can be found everywhere.

Tourism

Nanning is the jumping off point for scenic Guilin, with its world famous hill-scape, northern and western Guangxi and its minority villages, and the border with Vietnam in the south. Guilin ( Pinyin: Guìlín) is a city in China, situated in the northeast of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on the west bank of the Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially

In 1998 alone, the city received 26,260 overseas tourists, earning foreign exchange totaling US$7. 0663 million, some 5. 01 percent of the city's total income. An addition of 6. 89 million domestic visitors brought RMB 3. 23 billion yuan into the city, some 19. 95 percent of the total. Such achievements made Nanning the second place in the whole region in that year.

The major tourist attractions in Nanning are as following:

• ChingSau Mountains Landscape (a park at provincial level)
• Guangxi Museum
• Guangxi Medicinal Botanical Garden
• Liangfengjiang River Scenic Spot (a state forest reserve)
• Phoenix Lake Holiday Site
• Minorities Cultural Relics Center
• Western Suburbs Zoo (including the country's largest Crocodile, Elephant,and Hippopotamus Enclosure)
• Golden Scented-Tea Park (the country's largest base for golden scented tea seeds)
• The Ruins of the Battlefield of Kunlunguan
• Yangmei Ancient Town
• LingSui Hot Spring (a large constant hot spring)
• MingSau Park
• Daming Muntain
• The Beiqiu ruins of Dingshishan Mountain (one of 1997's 10 Greatest Archaeological Discoveries in China. )

Colleges and universities

• Guangxi University (广西大学) (founded 1928)
• Guangxi University for Nationalities (广西民族大学)
• Guangxi Medical University (广西医科大学)
• Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University (广西中医学院)
• Guangxi Teachers College (广西师范学院) (founded 1953)
• Guangxi Arts College (广西艺术学院)
• Guangxi College of Finance and Economics (广西财经学院)
• Guangxi Educational College (广西教育学院)

Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed. Guangxi University (abbreviation Xi Da (西大）; Chinese: 广西大学 Pinyin: Guangxi Daxue is a state University, located in Nanning Guangxi Medical University ( Chinese: 广西医科大学 Pinyin: Guǎngxī Yīkē Dàxué is located in Nanning, China.

Sister cities

• Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia (1998)
• Provo, Utah, United States (2000)
• Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria (2001)
• Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand (2001)
• Davao City, Philippines (2006)

References

External links

• Nanning Government website

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