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Nagarathar
Total population

1 million
Regions with significant populations
Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, Burma
Languages
Tamil
Religions
Shaivism, Shaiva Siddhanta
Related ethnic groups
Tamil people, Dravidian people

The Nagarathars (also known as Nagarattar) are a Chettiar community that originated in Kaveripoompattinam under the Chola kingdom of India. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Singapore For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. Shaivism, also spelled "Saivism" names the oldest of the four sects of Hinduism. See also Shaivism Shaiva (or Saiva Siddhanta is a Shaivaite Hindu school that encompasses tens of millions of adherents predominantly in Tamil people (also called Tamils or Tamilians) ( are an Ethnic group native to Tamil Nadu, a state in India, and the north-eastern Dravidian peoples refers to the peoples that natively speak languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. The Chettiars also Chetty, Chetti, Setty, Chitty, Shetty and Shettigar is a title commonly used by people of South Puhar (பூம்புகார் (also known as Poompuhar) is a town in Nagapattinam district in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country They are a prominent mercantile caste in Tamil Nadu, South India. [1]

Contents

Business community

Nagarathar business people are generally Hindus, predominantly originating in the Chettinad region of Tamil Nadu. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Chettinad is a region of the Sivaganga district of southern Tamil Nadu state India. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India. They have been trading with Southeast Asia since the heyday of the Chola empire, but in the 19th Century they migrated to countries throughout Southeast Asia. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar (See Tamil diaspora)

Nagarathars, also known as Nattukkottai Chettiars, were an important trading class of 19th and 20th century South East Asia and spread to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malayasia, Singapore, Java, Sumatra, and Ho Chi Minh City. The Tamil Diaspora is a term used to denote people of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lankan Tamil origin who have settled in many parts of the rest of The Nagarathars (also known as Nagarattar) are a Chettiar community that originated in Kaveripoompattinam under the Chola kingdom of Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Singapore Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470000 km² and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two Changing political and economic situations since that time have caused many of these communities to disappear as their members returned to India or sought other, more hospitable homes.

Chettiars were traditionally involved in occupations like moneylending and wholesale trading. A moneylender offers small Personal loans at high rates of interest, usually higher rates than the market rate charged on Credit cards or on Wholesaling is the sale of Goods or Merchandise to Retailers to industrial commercial institutional or other professional Business users In Finance, a trader is someone who buys and sells Financial instruments such as stocks, bonds and derivatives. Banks established by Chettiars include the now defunct Bank of Chettinad, and the now ICICI merged Bank of Madurai founded by Karumuttu Thiagarajan Chettiar (an Architect par excellence, Textile Don, highly principled Educationist and Philanthropher), Indian Overseas Bank founded by Shri. Bank of Chettinad is a defunct bank that originated in the Nattukottai Chettiar community Bank of Madura (est 1943 by Karumuttu Thiagarajan Chettiar. Bank had acquired Chettinad Mercantile Bank (est Indian Overseas Bank (IOB established 1937) is a major bank based in Chennai ( Madras) with 1400 domestic branches and six branches overseas M. Ct. M. Chidambaram Chettiar, and Indian Bank founded by Raja Annamalai Chettiar. Indian Bank, established in 1907 is a major Indian Commercial bank headquartered in Chennai ( Madras) India. Nagarathars are known for their philanthropy; building temples, and schools and maintaining them throughout Asia. Philanthropy is the act of donating money goods services time and/or effort to support a socially beneficial cause with a defined objective and with no financial or material A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils"

Religious influence

Nagarathars spread Hinduism in Asian countries as well as business. Hinduism is a religious tradition that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Even today, one can find temples dedicated to the Hindu deity, Murugan, spread throughout Asia. There are Thandayuthapani temples in 15 locations in Malaysia, two in Singapore, 50 temples in Myanmar, and two in Ho Chi Minh City. Singapore Sri Lanka has three of these temples, as well as the famous Selva Vinayagar Temple (Kandy). There are also temples maintained by Nagarathars in locations across the globe, including North America. Inscriptions within the Karpaka Vinayakar Temple at Pillayarpatti dating between 1091 and 1238 indicate that the Pillayarpatti Nagarattar became the custodians of the temple during the 13th century, in its second growth phase. Karpaka Vinayakar Temple is an ancient rock-cut cave shrine dedicated to Ganesha, located at Pillayarpatti (15 kilometers west of Karaikkudi) in the state of [2]

Settlements

The king of Pandiya gave the Nagarathar community nine villages around Pudukottai to settle. Origin The origin of the word “Pandya” has been a subject of much speculation WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Pudukkottai ( Tamil:புதுக்கோட்டை is a city and a Municipality in They built a Shiva temple in each of them and created the "9 temple" or "9 koil" division of the community. Shiva:(pronunciation; Sanskrit: शिव Śiva, lit "Auspicious one" One of the Trimurtis Shiva is the supreme God in the Shaiva Koil is the Tamil name for a Hindu Temple. The word literally means "abode of the king" ( Ko = king il = residence Initially, the Nagarathars lived in 96 villages surrounding the temple, but as of 2007, they have reduced their size to 74 villages. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The koil is used as a primary classification for the community. Members of each temple society treat each other as brothers and sisters or "pangalis" and thus marriage is not allowed amongst members of the same temple. Men and women of different temples marry, and the bride automatically becomes a member of the groom's temple.

The koils are:

Some of these temples have sub-divisions.

Nagarathar villages

The original 96 villages in which the Nagarathar lived are listed as follows:

Therkku Vattagai (South)

# Name
1 Nattarasankottai — 9.8698° N 78.5512° E
2 Paganeri — 9.9657° N 78.5895° E
3 Madagupatti — 9.9863° N 78.5366° E
4 Okkur — 9.9419° N 78.5203° E
5 Cholapuram — 9.9149° N 78.5013° E
6 Kalayarmangalam — 9.9046° N 78.5253° E
7 Kandramanickam — 10.0463° N 78.6327° E
8 Vettriyur — 9.9086° N 78.6740° E
9 Natarajapuram — 9.9222° N 78.6079° E
10 Pattamangalam — 10.0453° N 78.6104° E
11 Kollangudi Alagapuri — 9.8584° N 78.5903° E
12 Chokkanathapuram — 10.0091° N 78.5854° E
13 Alavaakkottai — 10.0033° N 78.5169° E
14 Keela Poongudi — 9.9609° N 78.5097° E
15 Sakkandhi — 9.8635° N 78.4598° E
16 Karungulam — 10.0251° N 78.6050° E
17 Aranmanai Siruvayal — 9.9570° N 78.6565° E
18 Panangudi — 9.9327° N 78.6137° E
19 Sembanoor — 9.9929° N 78.6440° E

Mela Vattagai

# Name
20 Kilasivalpatti — 10.1827° N 78.6707° E
21 P. Alagapuri
22 Kandavarayanpatti — 9.8698° N 78.5512° E
23 Pulangkurichi — 10.2698° N 78.5912° E
24 Aavinipatti — 10.2099° N 78.6618° E
25 Mahibalanpatti — 10.1995° N 78.5632° E
26 Viramathi — 10.1748° N 78.6621° E
27 Nerkkupai — 10.2433° N 78.5262° E
28 Sirukudalpatti — 10.1427° N 78.6483° E
29 A. Thekkalur — 10.1986° N 78.5092° E
30 Sevoor — 10.2596° N 78.5981° E

Keela pathoor Vattagai

# Name
31 Arimalam — 10.2513° N 78.8885° E
32 Rayavaram — 10.2510° N 78.8116° E
33 Kadiapatti — 10.2355° N 78.7838° E
34 Thenipatti — 10.1415° N 78.8601° E

Keela Vattagai

# Name
35 Devakottai — 9.9505° N 78.8182° E
36 Thanichaoorani — 9.9685° N 78.8121° E
37 Aravayal — 9.9985° N 78.8027° E

Mela pathoor Vattagai

# Name
38 Valayapatti
39 Kulipirai
40 Nachandupatti
41 Melachivalpuri
42 Kopanapatti
43 Rangiyam
44 Kuruvikondanpatti
45 V. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Arimalam is a Panchayat town in the district of Pudukkottai, in the state of Tamil Nadu WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Devakottai is a town and a Municipality in Sivaganga district in the state of Tamil Nadu WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Nachandupatti (also known as Narchandupatti) is a small village located 16 kilometers from Pudukkottai Lakshmipuram
46 Ulagampatti
47 Pon. Pudupatti
48 Vendanpatti
49 Vegupatti
50 Virachilai
51 Panayapatti
52 Mithilaipatti

Pathinaru Vattagai

# Name
53 Karaikudi
54 Kandanur
55 Kottaiyur
56 Uyikondan Siruvayal
57 Kothamangalam
58 Nemathanpatti
59 Ariyakudi
60 Amaravathiputhur
61 Managiri
62 Nachiapuram
63 Konapet
64 Athangudi Muthupattinam
65 Ramachandrapuram
66 Shanmuganathapuram
67 Pallathur
68 Puduvayal
69 Ko. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Karaikudi is a city and a Municipality in Sivaganga District in the Indian state Alagapuri
70 Kanadukathan
71 Ko. Lakshmipuram
72 Palavangudi
73 Chokalingamputhur
74 Kallal
75 Kallupatti
76 Siravayal
77 Athangudi
78 Viswanathapuram
79 Sivayogapuram
80 Karaikudi Muthupatinam

Notable Nagarathars

Some notable members of the Nagarathar community include:

See also

References

  1. ^ Gender, Kinship and Property Rights: Nagarathar Womanhood in South India by Yuko Nishimura. Retrieved February 4, 2007.
  2. ^ Karpaka Vinayakar Temple at Pillayarpatti. Retrieved February 2, 2007.

External links

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