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Nātyakalpadrumam
AuthorMāni Mādhava Chākyār
Original titleനാട്യകല്‍‌പദ്രുമം
CountryIndia
LanguageMalayalam
Genre(s)Theatrical Study
PublisherKerala Kalamandalam, Vallathol Nagar
(with financial assistance of Sangeet Natak Academi, New Delhi)
National Book Stall, Kottayam- (distributors)
Publication date1975, January
Media typePrint (Hardbound)
Pages240pps
ISBNNA

Nātyakalpadrumam (നാട്യകല്‍‌പദ്രുമം in Malayalam, नाट्यकल्पद्रुमम्् in Devanagiri) is a book written by (late) Nātyāchārya Vidūshakaratnam Padma Shri Guru Māni Mādhava Chākyār[1] (who was the ultimate exponant of Koodiyattam and Abhinaya)[2] about all aspects of ancient Sanskrit drama theatre tradition of Kerala- Kutiyattam. Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar ( Māni Mādhava Chākyār Devanāgarī: माणि माधव चाक्यार् മാണി മാധവ ചാക്യാര്‍ India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view Kerala Kalamandalam ( Malayalam: കേരള കലാമണ്ഡലം is a major centre for learning Indian Performing arts, especially those that developed Sangeet Natak Akademi ( Devanāgarī: संगीत नाटक अकादेमी or The National Academy for Music Dance and Drama in New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> This article is about the town of Kottayam See Kottayam district also A hardcover (or hardback or hardbound) is a Book bound with rigid protective covers (typically of cardboard covered with Cloth Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Padma Shri (also spelt Padma Shree, Padmashree, Padma Sree and Padma Sri) is an award given by the Government of India generally Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar ( Māni Mādhava Chākyār Devanāgarī: माणि माधव चाक्यार् മാണി മാധവ ചാക്യാര്‍ Koodiyattam or Kutiyattam (kuːʈijaːʈːam is a form of Sanskrit theatre traditionally performed in the state of Kerala, India. Acting is the work of an Actor or Actress, which is a person in Theatre, Television, Film, or any other Storytelling Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical Kerala ( Malayalam: {{Kerala in Malayalam}}; Koodiyattam or Kutiyattam (kuːʈijaːʈːam is a form of Sanskrit theatre traditionally performed in the state of Kerala, India. It was first published in Malayalam (1975) by Kerala Kalamandalam, with financial assistance of Sangeet Natak Academi, New Delhi. Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Kerala Kalamandalam ( Malayalam: കേരള കലാമണ്ഡലം is a major centre for learning Indian Performing arts, especially those that developed Sangeet Natak Akademi ( Devanāgarī: संगीत नाटक अकादेमी or The National Academy for Music Dance and Drama in New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. [3] This monumental work serves as the reference to scholars and students. The entire book is written in the old Sanskrit text style closely following Nātyaśāstra. Sanskrit (sa संस्कृता वाक् saṃskṛtā vāk, for short sa संस्कृतम् saṃskṛtam) is a historical The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Both structure and content of the book illustrates the excellence of the author in both Sanskrit and Nātyaśāstra. It has received the prestigious Kerala Sahitya Academy Award for the year 1975[4]. Kerala Sahitya Academy or Academy for Malayalam literature is an autonomous body which was established to promote Malayalam Language The book has been translated and published in Hindi by Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi. Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is [5]

Contents

Contents

Natyakalpadruma- theatrical study written by Mani Madhava Chakiar the great Guru of Koodiyattam the traditional Sanskrit theatre, is divided into eight chapters. The cover photo shows the famous Pakarnnaatta-Abhinaya (male character enacting female character) of the maestro in Koodiyattam. Preface of the book is written by renowned scholar Shri Kunjunni Raja. [6] The book contains Navarasa photos of the maestro along with many of his rare Koodiyattam photos. In Indian performing arts a rasa is an emotion inspired in an audience by a performer

Introduction

The author begins his work with an introduction and a few benedictory and introductory versus written in Sanskrit language. Here he salutes Gods, Goddesses and his great Gurus like Panditaratnam Pannisseri Sankaran Nampoothiripad and His Highness Darsanakalanidhi Rama Varma Parikshith Thampuran. Highness, often used with a personal possessive pronoun ( His/Her/Your/Their Highness(es, the first two abbreviated HH is an attribute referring to the rank of the Then he summarises the beginning of Nātya and Nātyaveda as told by the great sage- Bharata in his monumental work Nātyaśāstra and salutes the sage. The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Bharata was an ancient Indian Musicologist who authored the Natya Shastra, a Theoretical Treatise on ancient The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Then in one stanza the author narrates his horoscope (Jataka) which depicts his scholarship in Jyotisha. Jyotiṣa ( Sanskrit jyotiṣa, from jyótis- "light heavenly body" also spelled Jyotish and Jyotisha in English Then again he prays for the blessings of sage Bharatha the propagator of Nātya on the earth.

In the last stanza he compares his work to the Kalpadruma- the heavenly tree which gives everything requested. Kalpavriksha ( Devanagari: कल्पवृक्ष is a mythological wish-fulfilling divine tree that is a common trope in Sanskrit literature Nātyakalpadruma also gives all details about Nātya that is Koodiyattam and so the name of the work Nātyakalpadruma is meaningful in all senses.

Chapters

The eight chapters included in this work are


The first chapter Samjnaprakarana gives the names of costumes and other materials used in Koodiyattam. A detailed description of different names etc used in Koodiyattam for different steps, actions etc are also given in this chapter.

Satwikābhinaya- Guru Maani Madhava Chakkiyar as Ravana (kathi vesham) in Kutiyattam
Satwikābhinaya- Guru Maani Madhava Chakkiyar as Ravana (kathi vesham) in Kutiyattam

The second chapter Paribhashapakarana gives the names and descriptions of different types of narration, inacting, characters, their languages, characteristic features etc. For the South Indian film see Ravana (film. Ravanaa, also transliterated as Raavana, Ravan or This chapter also narrates different types of acting which are included in koodiyattam on special occasions. Acting is the work of an Actor or Actress, which is a person in Theatre, Television, Film, or any other Storytelling For example how to act on stage without dialogue such things like capital city, mountain, trees, garden, hermitage, seasons, heaven etc are given presicely. Famous Abhinayas (acting) such as Kailasoddhārana (lifting of Kailasa), Pārvatī Viraha (separation of Pārvatī) etc are also included in this chapter. Kailasa redirects here For the band see Kailasa (band Mount Kailash (Devanagari कैलाश पर्वत( Kailāśā Parvata Details of wearing different costumes and different types of abhinaya are also given here. The term costume can refer to Wardrobe and dress in general or to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people class or period

The third chapter Mudra-Taalaprakarana gives elaborate narration of Mudras (movements of hands and fingers), their names and their usage in Abhinaya. A mudrā ( Sanskrit: मुद्रा lit "seal" is a symbolic or ritual gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism. Different Taalas used in Koodiyattam are also described here. In Indian classical music, Tala ( Sanskrit tāla literally a "clap" is a rhythmical pattern that determines the rhythmical structure of a composition The usage of different Taalas according to different Swaras (Rāgas) and different contexts is the next point discussed in this chapter. for the town in Nepal see Swara Nepal The notes or swaras, of Indian music are shadja rishabh gandhar madhyam pancham dhaivat and nishad Rāga ( Sanskrit, lit "colour" or "mood" or rāgam in Carnatic music) refers to melodic modes used

The fourth chapter, Swaraprakarana deals with different Swaras (Ragas) used in Koodiyattam they are 20 in number which are called Muddan, Shreekantthi, Thondu, Aarthan, Indalam, Muralindalam, Veladhuli, Danam, Veeratarkan, Tarkan, Korakkurunji, Paurali, Poraneeru, Dukkhagandharam, Chetipanchamam, Bhinnapanchamam, Shreekamaram, Kaishiki, Ghattanthari and Anthari. Details of their usage in abhinaya according to Rasas, Characters, Contexts etc are also narrated with suitable examples.

The fifth chapter which is called Rasaprakarana deals with Satwika-Abhinaya (Satwikābhinaya)- the most important one among the four types of Abhinayas. Topics such as Nātya, Nritya, Nritta, Rasa, Bhava, Vibhava, Anubhāva, Satwikabhāva, Vyabhicharibhāva, their inacting, movements of eyes for different Rasas and Bhavas etc are also discussed here . In Indian performing arts a rasa is an emotion inspired in an audience by a performer Bhava is the Sanskrit and Pāli word for "becoming" in the sense of 'ongoing worldly existence' from the root bhū "to become" Some examples of Rasābhinaya (Rasa-Abhinaya) are also given. Thus this chapter gives a clear picture of the theory and practice regarding Rasābhinaya. The minute details of Netrābhinaya- enacting with eyes, eyes only are given here by the greatest master of Netrābhinaya.

Sringāra Rasa by Guru Māni Mādhava Chākyār
Sringāra Rasa by Guru Māni Mādhava Chākyār

The sixth chapter Abhyāsaprakarana deals with practical training in Koodiyattam. Sringara is one of the nine Rasas, usually translated as erotic love or romantic love Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar ( Māni Mādhava Chākyār Devanāgarī: माणि माधव चाक्यार् മാണി മാധവ ചാക്യാര്‍ Here the author gives twentyone types of eye movement which are to be practiced by a Koodiyattam artist who specialises in Rasābhinaya. These are very important for Koodiyattam artist as well as artists from other classical art forms. Special duties of Chakiars (actors), Nangiarammas (actresses) and Nambiars (drummers who play Mizhavu) are also narrated here in detail . Chakyar (also Cakyar Chakkiar Chakiar etc is a caste from the Kerala state of South India. Nambiar and Chakyar in the context of temple art forms like Chakyar koothu, Koodiyattam, Ottanthullal and similar cultural things refers to the Hindu Nambiar and Chakyar in the context of temple art forms like Chakyar koothu, Koodiyattam, Ottanthullal and similar cultural things refers to the Hindu A mizhav or mizhavu is a big copper Drum played as an accompanying percussion instrument in the Koodiyattam and Koothu, performing arts of

Drishtāntaprakarana the seventh chapter contains examples of different types of abhinaya, narrations of different types of stories and conversations etc used in Koodiyattams. Peculiarities of languaes to be used in different contexts by different characters are also given here.

The last chapter Vaisheshikaprakarana gives Slokas used as benedictory verses in the beginning of different Koodiyattams with and without Abhinaya, Slokas used in Nirvahana, Slokas used at the time of elobarate special Abhinayas such as the beauty of heroine etc, Slokas used by Vidūshaka (Vidushaka) which are mostly in regional language Malayalam or Prakrit, examples of stories used by Vidushaka etc. A Sanskrit term shloka (श्लोक also spelt sloka specifically denotes a metered and often rhymed poetic verse or phrase A Sanskrit term shloka (श्लोक also spelt sloka specifically denotes a metered and often rhymed poetic verse or phrase Not to be confused with the Malay language. Malayalam (മലയാളം malayāḷaṁ) is a Dravidian language used Prakrit (also transliterated as Pracrit) ( Sanskrit: prākṛta प्राकृत (from pra-kṛti प्रकृति according to one It also gives the details of special stage arrangements to be made for the performance of some rare scenes. Then the author gives the special rules and regulations to be observed by the Koodiyattam troop at the time of performance especially when it is done in a Koothampalam (traditional theatre) or in a traditional Hindu temple which are the real stages of this traditional, classical art form. Koothambalam is a theater hall for staging Koothu and Koodiyattam, the ancient dramatic art forms of Kerala, India. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical A temple (from the Latin word Templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities such as prayer and sacrifice or analogous rites Some special rights of traditional families of artists are also given. Details of special performance in some traditional Hindu temples in Kerala are also discussed in this chapter.


Thus the work as a whole contains all details regarding the traditional classical temple art. One can see the footsteps of the great scholar, great artist and great Achārya (teacher or Guru) who lived on the stage for about 80 golden years, in this commendable work. His skill in all aspects of Koodiyattam especially the unparallel Netrābhinaya are world famous.

Translation

This monumental work has been published in Hindi by Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi (1996). Hindi ( Devanāgarī: hi [[wiktहिन्दी हिन्दी]] or hi [[wiktहिंदी हिंदी]] IAST:, IPA:) is Sangeet Natak Akademi ( Devanāgarī: संगीत नाटक अकादेमी or The National Academy for Music Dance and Drama in New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India. The translation was done by Chakyar Koothu- Koodiyattam artist and son of Guru Māni Mādhava Chākyār, PK Govindan Nambiar- and edited by Dr. Chakyar Koothu (tʃaːkjaːr kuːtː̪ɨ̆ is a performing art form from Kerala, South India. Prem Lata Sharma. [7] [8]

Notes

  1. ^ Nāṭyakalpadrumam.
  2. ^ Spectrum. The Sunday Tribune.
  3. ^ Natyakalpadrumam http://www.antiqbook.com/boox/bbn/99816.shtml
  4. ^ see section Miscellaneous http://www.dcbooks.com/Kerala.htm
  5. ^ Books and films. Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi. Sangeet Natak Akademi ( Devanāgarī: संगीत नाटक अकादेमी or The National Academy for Music Dance and Drama in New Delhi (नई दिल्ली ਨਵੀਂ ਦਿੱਲੀ نئی دلی is the Capital city of India.
  6. ^ Kunjunni Raja
  7. ^ Nāṭyakalpadruma : Kerala kī Kūṭiyāṭṭam nāṭyakalā kī rūparekhā(Hindi).
  8. ^ Natyakalpadruma (Hindi). University of Washington. See Washington (disambiguation for other uses The University of Washington, founded in 1861, is a public research University

See also

External links

Image:Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svgThis article contains Indic text. Guru Mani Madhava Chakyar ( Māni Mādhava Chākyār Devanāgarī: माणि माधव चाक्यार् മാണി മാധവ ചാക്യാര്‍ The Nātya Shastra ( Sanskrit: Nātyaśāstra नाट्य शास्त्र is an ancient Indian treatise on the Performing arts Abhinaya is a concept in Indian dance and drama derived from Bharata's Natya Shastra. In Indian performing arts a rasa is an emotion inspired in an audience by a performer Chakyar Koothu (tʃaːkjaːr kuːtː̪ɨ̆ is a performing art form from Kerala, South India. Koodiyattam or Kutiyattam (kuːʈijaːʈːam is a form of Sanskrit theatre traditionally performed in the state of Kerala, India. Literature in Sanskrit begins with the Vedas, and continues with the Sanskrit Epics of Iron Age India; the golden age of Classical Mani Damodara Chakyar ( Māni Dāmodara Chākyār) ( b. 1946 is a renowned Kutiyattam and Chakyar Koothu artist in Kerala state of South Kathakali (കഥകളി kat̪ʰəkaɭi is a form of highly stylised classical Indian Dance - Drama that is noted for its attractive make-up of characters Mohiniyattam ( Malayalam: മോഹിനിയാട്ടം is a traditional South Indian Dance form from Kerala, India. Ottamthullal or Ottanthullal (oːʈːamt̪uɭːal Malayalam:ഓട്ടന്‍ തുള്ളല്‍ is a type of performing art from Kerala, south The Brahmic family is a family of syllabaries (writing systems used in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Central Asia and East Asia,
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