Commune of Nîmes The Maison Carrée in Nîmes
Location
Coordinates	43°49′59″N, 4°21′00″E
Administration
Country	France
Region	Languedoc-Roussillon
Department	Gard (préfecture)
Arrondissement	Nîmes
Canton	Chief town of 6 cantons
Intercommunality	Communauté d'agglomération Nîmes Métropole
Mayor	Jean-Paul Fournier (2001-2008)
Statistics
Elevation	21 m–215 m (avg. The Maison Carrée at Nîmes in southern France is one of the best preserved temples to be found anywhere in the territory of the former Roman Empire. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. France is divided into 26 regions or régions (in French of which 21 are in continental Metropolitan France, one is the island of Corsica, Languedoc-Roussillon ( Occitan: Lengadòc-Rosselhon; Catalan: Llenguadoc-Rosselló) is one of the 26 regions of France. In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Gard ( Occitan: Gard) is a département located in southern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon region A prefecture ( préfecture) in France can refer to: the Chef-lieu de département, the town in which the administration of a ''département'' The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. The arrondissement of Nîmes is an arrondissement of France located in the Gard department, in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. The cantons of France are territorial subdivisions of the French Republic's 341 arrondissements and 100 departments. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 39 m)
Land area¹	161. 85 km²
Population² (2005)	144,600
- Density	893/km² (2005)
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code	30189/ 30000 and 30900
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0. As of January 1, 2008, 64473140 people live in the French Republic. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The INSEE code is a numerical indexing code used by the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE to identify various entities including communes Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open
2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g. students and military personnel) only counted once. C D E

Nîmes (Provençal Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms) is a city and commune of southern France. Provençal ( Provençau) is one of several dialects of Occitan spoken by a minority of people mostly in Provence (in southern France Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. It is the préfecture (capital) of the Gard département. A prefecture ( préfecture) in France can refer to: the Chef-lieu de département, the town in which the administration of a ''département'' Gard ( Occitan: Gard) is a département located in southern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon region In the context of the political and geographic organization of France and many of its former colonies a department (département depaʁtǝmɑ̃ is an Administrative division Nîmes has a rich history, dating back to the Roman Empire, and is a popular tourist destination. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial

History

The city derives its name from that of a spring, Nemausus, in the Roman village. The contemporary symbol and shield of the city of Nîmes includes a crocodile chained to a palm tree with the inscription 'COLNEM', an abbreviation of 'Colonia Nemausus', meaning the 'colony' or 'settlement' of Nemausus. Veterans of the Roman legions who had served Julius Caesar in his Nile campaigns, at the end of fifteen years of soldiering, were given plots of land to cultivate on the plain of Nîmes.

Nîmes was located on the Via Domitia, a Roman road constructed in 118 BC, connecting Italy to Spain. The Via Domitia was the first Roman road built in Gaul, to link Italy and Hispania through Gallia Narbonensis, across what is The Roman Roads were essential for the growth of the Roman Empire, by enabling the Romans to move armies and trade goods and to communicate news Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

Prehistory

The site on which the built-up area of Nîmes has become established in the course of centuries is part of the edge of the alluvial plain of the Vistrenque River which butts up against low hills: to the northeast, the Mt. Duplan; to the southwest, Montaury; to the west, Mt. Cavalier and the knoll of Canteduc.

4000 - 2000 BC

The site known as Serre Paradis belongs to the New Stone Age (Neolithic). It reveals the presence of semi-nomadic cultivators in the period 4000 to 3500 BC on the future site of Nîmes. The population of the site increased during the thousand-year period of the Bronze Age. The menhir of Courbessac (or La Poudriere) stands in a field, near the airstrip. A menhir is a large upright Standing stone. Menhirs may be found singly as Monoliths or as part of a group of similar stones This limestone monolith of over 2 metres in height dates to about 2500 BC, and must be considered the oldest monument of Nîmes.

1800 - 600 BC

The Bronze Age has left traces of a village of huts and branches.

600 - 49 BC

The Warrior of Grezan is considered to be the most ancient indigenous sculpture in southern Gaul. The hill named Mt. Cavalier was the site of the early oppidum, which gave birth to the city. Oppidum (plural oppida) is a Latin word meaning the main settlement in any administrative area of Ancient Rome. In the 3rd to 2nd century BC a surrounding wall was built, closed at the summit by a dry-stone tower, which was later incorporated into the masonry of The Tour Magne. The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC The 2nd century BC started the first day of 200 BC and ended the last day of 101 BC. The Wars of Gaul and the fall of Marseille (49 BC) allowed Nîmes to regain its autonomy under Rome. Marseille, ( English alt Marseilles mɑrˈseɪ — French: maʁsɛj locally — Provençal Occitan: Marselha maʀˈsijɔ Year 49 BC was a year of the pre-Julian calendar. Events By place Rome Consuls Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus

Gallo-Roman period

Nîmes became a Roman colony sometime before 28 BC, as witness the earliest coins which bear the abbreviation NEM. COL, "Colony of Nemausus". Some years later a sanctuary and other constructions connected with the fountain were raised on the site. Nîmes was already under Roman influence, though it was Augustus who made the city the capital of Narbonne province, and gave it all its glory.

Augustus gave the town a ring of ramparts six kilometres long, reinforced by fourteen towers, with gates of which two remain today, the Porta Augusta and the Porte de France. The city had an estimated population of 60,000. He had the Forum built. An aqueduct was built to bring water from the hills to the north. The ancient Romans constructed numerous aqueducts ( Latin aquaeductūs, sing Where this crossed the River Gard between Uzes and Remoulins the spectacular Pont du Gard was built. The Gardon or Gard ( Occitan and French: Gardon Gard) is a River in southern France. Uzès is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. Remoulins is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. The Pont du Gard is an aqueduct in the South of France constructed by the Roman Empire, and located in Vers-Pont-du-Gard near Remoulins This is 20km north west of the city. Nothing remains of certain monuments, the existence of which is known from inscriptions or architectural fragments found in the course of excavations. It is known that the town had a civil basilica, a curia, a gymnasium and perhaps a circus. The amphitheatre dates from the end of the 2nd century AD. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The family of Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius came from Nemausus. The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus ( September 19, 86 &ndash March 7 161) generally known in English as Antoninus Pius

This prosperity was to stay with the town until the end of the 3rd century. The 3rd century is the period from 201 to 300 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Already there was risk of invasion and the decadence of Rome allowed the "barbarian hordes" to be even more audacious. Visigoths, Burgunds and Ostrogoths came one after the other to pillage the riches of the Empire. The Visigoths (Visigothi, Wisigothi, Vesi, Visi, Wesi, or Wisi were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East The Ostrogoths (Ostrogothi or Austrogothi were a branch of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe that played a major role in the political events of the late

The temple of Diane

The Maison Carrée

The Porta Augusta

The Castellum divisorium on the aquaduct

4th - 13th centuries

After the Gallo-Roman period, in the days of invasion and decadence, the Christian Church, already established in Gaul since the 1st century AD, appeared be the last refuge open to civilization. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. Remarkably organized and directed by men of great worth, it took an increasingly important place in the march of time. After the barbarian invasions the population had to face incursions by Moors from Spain (AD 710). Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. For the area code see Area code 710. For the Los Angeles-area freeway see Interstate 710. This occupation, strange to say, was beneficial for the Nîmes region. It came to an end in 754 under Pepin the Short. Events By Place Asia Al-Mansur, the second Abbasid Caliph, starts to rule Pepin or Pippin (714 &ndash 24 September 768) called the Short, and often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was The town, ruined by so many troubles and invasions was now only a shadow of the opulent Gallo-Roman city. This article covers the culture of Romanized areas of Gaul. For the political history of the brief "Gallic Empire" of the 3rd century see Gallic Empire The local powers installed themselves in the amphitheatre.

Carolingian rule brought relative peace, but feudal times in the 12th century brought local troubles which lasted until the days of St. Louis. During this period Nîmes was jointly administered by a lay power resident in the old amphitheatre, where lived the Viguier and the Knights of the Arena, and the religious power based in the Bishop's place complex, around the cathedral, its chapter and the Bishop's house; meanwhile the city was represented by four Consuls who sat in the Maison Carrée.

Despite incessant feudal squabbling, Nîmes saw a certain progress both in commerce and industry as well as in stockbreeding and associated activities.

After the last effort by Raymond VII of Toulouse, St. Raymond VII of Saint-Gilles (July 1197 &ndash 27 September 1249) was Count of Toulouse, Duke of Narbonne and Marquis of Provence Louis managed to base Royal power in the region which became Languedoc. Nîmes thus entered finally into the hands of the King of France.

Nemausus, Nismes Civitas Narbonensis surrounded by its walls, after Sebastian Münster (1569), 1572

Period of invasions

During the 14th and 15th centuries the Rhone Valley underwent an uninterrupted series of invasions which ruined the economy and caused famine. Customs were forgotten, religious troubles developed (see French Wars of Religion) and epidemics, all of which affected the city. The French Wars of Religion (1562 to 1598 between French Catholics and Protestants ( Huguenots involved both civil infighting Nîmes, which was one of the Protestant strongholds, felt the full force of repression and fratricidal confrontations (including the Michelade massacre) which continued until the middle of the 17th century, adding to the misery of periodic outbreaks of plague. The Michelade is the name given to the massacre of 24 Catholic priests and monks by Protestant rioters in Nîmes on Michaelmas ( 29 September) 1567 As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar

17th century - French Revolution

In the middle of the 17th century Nîmes experienced a period of prosperity. Population growth caused the town to expand, and slum housing to be replaced. Also to this period dates the reconstruction of Notre-Dame-Saint-Castor, the Bishop's palace and numerous mansions (Hotels). This 'renaissance' strengthened the manufacturing and industrial vocation of the city, the population rising from 21,000 to 50,000 inhabitants.

Les Quais de la Fontaine, the embankments of the spring that provided water for the city, the first civic gardens of France, were laid out in 1738-55.

Also in this period the Fountain gardens, the Quais de la Fontaine, were laid out, the areas surrounding the Maison Carrée and the Amphitheatre were cleared of encroachments, whilst the entire population benefited from the atmosphere of prosperity.

Revolution to the present

Following the European economic crisis which hit Nîmes with full force, the Revolutionary period awoke slumbering demons of political and religious antagonism. The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an The White Terror added to natural calamities and economic recession, produced murder, pillage and arson until 1815. In general the term White Terror refers to acts of violence carried out by Reactionary (usually monarchist or conservative) groups as part of a Year 1815 ( MDCCCXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Order was however restored in the course of the 19th century, and Nîmes became the metropolis of Bas-Languedoc, diversifying its industry towards new kinds of activity. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar At the same time the surrounding countryside adapted to market needs and shared in the general increase of wealth.

Demographics

Nîmes population by year:^[1][2]

Sights

Tour Magne in Nîmes.

Amphitheatre

The Jardins de la Fontaine in Nîmes.

Nîmes may have been one of the richest and finest Roman cities of Gaul. Several important remains of the Roman Empire can still be seen in and around Nîmes:

• The elliptical Roman amphitheatre, of the 1st or 2nd century AD, is the best-preserved Roman arena in France. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial The Arena of Nîmes is a Roman Amphitheater found in the French city of Nîmes. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. It was filled with medieval housing, when its walls served as ramparts, but they were cleared under Napoleon. See also List of cities with defensive walls A defensive wall is a Fortification used to defend a city or settlement from potential aggressors Napoleon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821 was a French military and political leader who had a significant impact on the History of Europe. It is still used today as a bull fighting and concert arena. Bullfighting or Tauromachy (from Greek ταυρομαχία - tauromachia, "bull-fight" is a traditional spectacle of Spain
• The Maison Carrée (Square House), a small Roman temple dedicated to sons of Agrippa was built c. The Maison Carrée at Nîmes in southern France is one of the best preserved temples to be found anywhere in the territory of the former Roman Empire. Fanum At the temples Romans prayed and made Ritual Worship Offerings of a small gift or Animal sacrifices to their Roman Agrippa redirects here For other uses of the name see Agrippa (disambiguation. 19 BC. Year 19 BC was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. It is one of the best-preserved Roman temples anywhere.
• The 18th-century Jardins de la Fontaine (Gardens of the Fountain)
• The nearby Pont du Gard, also built by Agrippa, is a well-preserved aqueduct that used to carry water across the small Gardon river valley. The Pont du Gard is an aqueduct in the South of France constructed by the Roman Empire, and located in Vers-Pont-du-Gard near Remoulins An aqueduct is an artificial channel that is constructed to convey water from one location to another The Gardon or Gard ( Occitan and French: Gardon Gard) is a River in southern France.
• The nearby Mont Cavalier is crowned by the Tour Magne ("Great Tower"), a ruined Roman tower. ^[3]

Later monuments include:

• The cathedral (dedicated to Saint Castor of Apt, a native of the city), occupying, it is believed, the site of the temple of Augustus, is partly Romanesque and partly Gothic in style. Nîmes Cathedral ( Cathédrale Notre-Dame-et-Saint-Castor de Nîmes) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Nîmes, dedicated to the local saint Castor of Saint Castor of Apt (died ca 420 was a Bishop of Apt, in Gaul. Regional characteristics of Romanesque architecture|Romanesque art Romanesque architecture is the term that is used to describe the architecture of Middle Ages Europe which See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. [Cathedral:[1],[2],[3]

There is modern architecture at Nîmes too: Norman Foster conceived the Carré d'art (1986), a museum of modern art and mediatheque; Jean Nouvel the Nemausus, a post-modern residential ensemble, and Kisho Kurokawa a building in the form of a hemicycle to reflect the Amphitheatre. Norman Robert Foster Baron Foster of Thames Bank, OM, FRIBA, RDI, (born 1 June 1935) is a British architect whose company Jean Nouvel (born 12 August 1945) is a French Architect. Nouvel studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and was a founding Postmodernism literally means 'after the modernist movement' While " Modern " itself refers to something "related to the present" the movement of modernism ( April 8, 1934 &ndash October 12, 2007) was a leading Japanese architect and one of the founders of the Metabolist Movement.

Tree-shaded boulevards trace the foundations of its former city walls. See also List of cities with defensive walls A defensive wall is a Fortification used to defend a city or settlement from potential aggressors

Miscellaneous

Nîmes is historically known for its textiles. Denim, the fabric of blue jeans, derives its name from this city (Serge de Nîmes). Denim is a rugged Cotton Twill Textile, in which the Weft passes under two ( twi- "double" or more warp fibers Jeans are Trousers made from Denim. Mainly designed for work, they became popular among Teenagers starting in the 1950s. Serge is a type of Twill fabric that has diagonal lines or ridges on both sides made with a two-up two-down Weave.

The asteroid 51 Nemausa was named after Nîmes, where it was discovered in 1858. Asteroids, sometimes called Minor planets or planetoids', are bodies—primarily of the inner Solar System —that are smaller than planets but TemplateInfobox Planet. --> 51 Nemausa (nɨˈmɔzə is a large Main belt Asteroid similar Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common

Championnat National soccer team Nîmes Olympique are based in Nîmes. The Championnat de France National (also called Division 3 is the third highest division in French football, one division below Ligue 2, one above the Championnat Nîmes Olympique is a Football (soccer team based in Nîmes, France, founded on April 10 1937.

Rugby team is RC Nîmes. Rugby Club Nîmes Gard (also known as just RC Nîmes) are a French Rugby union club that currently compete in the Federale 1 competition the

People born in Nîmes

• Domitius Afer (d. Domitius Afer (died 60 was a Roman Orator and advocate born at Nemausus ( Nîmes) in Gallia Narbonensis. AD 60), Roman orator
• Antoninus Pius (86-161), Roman emperor
• Antoine Court de Gebelin (1725-1784) Religious leader
• Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Etienne (1743-1793), French revolutionist
• François Guizot (1787-1874), historian, orator and statesman
• Benjamin Valz (1787–1867), astronomer
• Alphonse Daudet (1840-1897), novelist
• Louis Rossel (1844-1871), Delegate of War (Paris Commune)
• Adolphe Crémieux (1796-1880), lawyer, statesman
• Jean Nicot (1530-1600), diplomat, spread tobacco cultivation

Mayors

• Jean Bousquet (1983-1995)
• Alain Clary (1995-2001)
• Jean-Paul Fournier (since 2001)

Twin towns

Nîmes twinned with:

• Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom, since 1955. Year 60 was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus ( September 19, 86 &ndash March 7 161) generally known in English as Antoninus Pius Antoine Court who named himself Antoine Court de Gébelin (ca Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Étienne (November 14 1743 - December 5 1793 was a French revolutionary. Year 1743 ( MDCCXLIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The French Revolution (1789–1799 was a period of political and social upheaval in the History of France, during which the French governmental structure previously an François Pierre Guillaume Guizot (4 October 1787 -12 September 1874 was a French Historian, Orator, and Statesman. Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1874 ( MDCCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Jean Elias Benjamin Valz ( May 27 1787 &ndash April 22 1867) was a French Astronomer. Year 1787 ( MDCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Alphonse Daudet ( 13 May 1840 &ndash 16 December 1897) was a French Novelist. Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Louis-Nathaniel Rossel was Minister of War (Delegate of War in Paris Commune (1871 Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Year 1871 ( MDCCCLXXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Paris Commune (La Commune de Paris was a Government that briefly ruled Paris from 18 March (more formally from 26 March) to 28 May Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Year 1955 ( MCMLV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar)
• Verona, Italy, since 1960. Verona is a city and provincial capital in Veneto, Northern Italy. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Year 1960 ( MCMLX) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany, since 1962. Braunschweig, known as Brunswiek in Low German, is a city of 245810 people (as of 31 December 2007 located in Lower Saxony, Germany. Lower Saxony ( German: Niedersachsen ch is pronounced before an s --> lies in north-western Germany and is second Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Prague, Czech Republic, since 1967. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar.
• Frankfurt (Oder), Germany, since 1976. Frankfurt (Oder is a City in Brandenburg, Germany, located on the Oder River on the German- Polish border directly opposite the Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
• Salamanca, Spain, since 1979. Geography The city lies on a mountain by the Tormes River which is crossed by a bridge 150 m long built on 26 arches fifteen of which are of Roman origin, while Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar)
• Rishon LeZion, Israel, since 1986. Rishon LeZion (רִאשׁוֹן לְצִיּוֹן lit First to Zion is the fourth-largest city in Israel, located along the central Israeli For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar)
• Meknes, Morocco, since 2005. Meknes (مكناس is a city in northern Morocco, located 130 kilometres from the capital Rabat and 60 kilometres from Fes. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

References

1. ^ Insee Census
2. ^ Insee Census
3. ^ Giving rise to the example of rime richissime Gall, amant de la Reine, alla (tour magnanime)/ Gallament de l'Arène a la Tour Magne, à Nîmes, or "Gall, lover opf the Queen, passed (magnanimous gesture), gallantly from the Arena to the Tour Magne at Nîmes".

External links

• Practical Guide to Nîmes Airport
• City council website
• The official Web site of Roman Nîmes
• Images of Roman remains of Nîmes
• 103 photos of Nîmes
• Photogallery of Nîmes
• Photos & Map of Nîmes
• Regordane Info - The independent portal for The Regordane Way or St Gilles Trail The Regordane passes through Nîmes. (in English and French)