Myra is an ancient town in Lycia, where the small town of Kale (Demre) is situated today in present day Antalya Province of Turkey. "Sidyma" redirects here For the Moth Genus named thus see Sidyma (moth. Demre is a district of Antalya Province on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Antalya Province is located on the Mediterranean coast of south-west Turkey, between the Taurus Mountains and the Mediterranean sea. Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches It was located on the river Myros (Demre Çay), in the fertile alluvial plain between Alaca Dağ, the Massikytos range and the Aegean Sea. An alluvial plain is a relatively flat Landform created by the deposition of sediment over a long period of time by one or more Rivers coming from highland regions Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean.
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Historical evidence
Although some scholars equate Myra with the town Mira in Arzawa, there is no proof for the connection. Arzawa was the name of a region or kingdom in Western Anatolia, which later to be known as Lydia (Assyrian Luddu, Greek Λυδία in the post- Hittite There is no substantiated written reference for Myra before it was listed as a member of the Lycian alliance (168 BC - AD 43); according to Strabo (14:665) it was one of the largest towns of the alliance. Year 43 was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Strabo ( Greek: Στράβων 63/64 BC – ca AD 24 was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher.
The Greek citizens worshipped Artemis Eleutheria, who was the protective goddess of the town. The Greeks ( Greek: Έλληνες) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions In Greek mythology, Artemis language|Greek] ( Nominative), ( Genitive))] was the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister Zeus, Athena and Tyche were venerated as well. Zeus (zjuːs in Greek: nominative: Zeús /zdeús/ genitive: Diós; Modern Greek /'zefs/ in Greek mythology ATHENA was an Antimatter research project that took place at the AD Ring at CERN. In ancient Greek city cults, Tyche (Τύχη meaning "luck" in Greek, Roman equivalent Fortuna) was the presiding Tutelary
The ruins of the Lycian and Roman town are mostly covered by alluvial silts. The Acropolis on the Demre-plateau, the Roman theatre and the Roman baths (eski hamam) have been partly excavated. Acropolis (Gr akros akron edge extremity + polis city pl acropoleis Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one This page is on buildings used for Roman bathing For the activity in general see Ancient Roman bathing. The semi-circular theater was destroyed in an earthquake in 141, but rebuilt afterwards. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer
There are two necropoli of Lycian rock-cut tombs in the form of temple-fronts carved into the vertical faces of cliffs at Myra: the river-necropolis and the ocean-necropolis. A necropolis (plural necropoleis or necropoles) is a large Cemetery or burial place (from Greek nekropolis "city of the dead" The best known tomb in the river-necropolis is the "Lion's tomb. " When the traveller Charles Fellows saw the tombs in 1840 he found them still colorfully painted red, yellow and blue. Sir Charles Fellows (August 1799 - 8 November, 1860) was a British Archaeologist. Year 1840 ( MDCCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
Andriake was the harbour of Myra in classical times, but silted up later on.
In early Christian times, Myra was the metropolis of Lycia. In Hierarchical Christian churches the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the Diocesan bishop or "Sidyma" redirects here For the Moth Genus named thus see Sidyma (moth. The town is traditionally associated with Saint Paul, who changed ships in its harbor. Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and Saint Nicholas of Myra was the bishop of Myra in the 4th century, and was an ardent opponent of Arianism at the First Council of Nicaea in 325. A saint (from the Latin sanctus) is a human being to whom has been attributed (and who has generally demonstrated a high level of Holiness and Sanctity Saint Nicholas (Άγιος Νικόλαος, Agios Nikolaos, "victory of the people" is the common name for Nicholas of Myra, a Christian Saint A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 4th century (per the Julian calendar and Anno Domini / Common era) was that Century Arianism is the theological teaching of Arius (c AD 250-336 who was ruled a heretic by the Christian church at the Council of Nicea. The First Council of Nicaea, held in Nicaea in Bithynia (present-day İznik in Turkey) convoked by the Roman Emperor Constantine Events By Place Roman Empire Gladiatorial combat is outlawed in the Roman Empire Myra became the capital of the Byzantine Eparchy of Lycia under Theodosius II, who reigned from 408 to 450. Eparchy is an Anglicized Greek word authentically Latinized as eparchia and loosely translating as 'rule over something' but has the following Flavius Theodosius ( 10 April, 401 – July 28, 450) called the Calligrapher, known in English as Theodosius II, was For the area code see Area code 408. Events By Place Western Roman Empire In the summer of this year For the area code see Area code 450. Events By Place Eastern Roman Empire August 25 — Marcian is proclaimed
Siege of 809
After a siege in 809, Myra fell to Abbasid troops under Caliph Harun al-Rashid. Events By Place Asia Emperor Saga succeeds Emperor Heizei as Emperor of Japan. The Caliph is the Head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah Hārūn al-Rashīd (and Persian: هارون الرشيد) also spelled Harun ar-Rashid; English: Aaron the Upright, Aaron the The town went into a decline afterwards. Early in the reign of Alexius I Comnenus (ruled between 1081 - 1118), Myra was again overtaken by Islamic invaders, this time the Seljuk Turks. Alexios I Komnenos, or Comnenus (Greek Αλέξιος Α' Κομνηνός (1048 &ndash August 15, 1118) Byzantine emperor (1081&ndash1118 The Seljuq (also Seljuq Turks, Seldjuks, Seldjuqs, Seljuks; in Turkish Selçuklular; in Ṣaljūqīyān; in In the confusion, sailors from Bari in Italy seized the relics of Saint Nicholas, over the objections of the monks caring for them, and spirited the remains away to Bari, where they arrived on May 9, 1087, and soon brought that city visitors making pilgrimage to Saint Nicholas. Bari ( Barium in Latin, Bàrion or Vàrion in Greek, Bare in Neapolitan A relic is an object or a personal item of religious significance carefully preserved with an air of Veneration as a tangible memorial MONK is a Monte Carlo software package for simulating nuclear processes particularly for the purpose of determining the neutron multiplication factor or k-effective Events 1457 BC - Battle of Megiddo (15th century BC between Thutmose III and a large Canaanite coalition under the King of In Religion and Spirituality, a pilgrimage is a long journey or Search of great Moral significance
The church of St. Nicholas at Myra
The earliest church of St. Saint Nicholas (Άγιος Νικόλαος, Agios Nikolaos, "victory of the people" is the common name for Nicholas of Myra, a Christian Saint Nicholas at Myra was built in the 6th century. The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. The present-day church was constructed mainly from the 8th century onward; a monastery was added in the second half of the 11th century. The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. This article concerns the buildings occupied by monastics. For the life inside monasteries and its historical roots see Monasticism.
In 1863, Tsar Alexander II of Russia purchased the building and began restoration, but the work was never finished. Year 1863 ( MDCCCLXIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Tsar csar and tzar redirect here For other uses see Tsar (disambiguation. Alexander (Aleksandr II Nikolaevich (Александр II Николаевич ( Moscow, 29 April 1818 – 13 March 1881 in St In 1963 the eastern and southern sides of the church were excavated. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In 1968 the former confessio (tomb) of St. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The confession of one's Sins is a religious practice important to many faiths e Nicholas was roofed over.
The floor of the church is made of opus sectile, a mosaic of coloured marble, and there are some remains of frescoes on the walls. Opus sectile refers to an art technique popularized in Rome where materials were cut and inlaid into walls and floors to make a picture or pattern Art History Mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and they enriched the floors of Hellenistic Fresco (plural either frescos or frescoes) is any of several related Painting types done on Plaster on walls or An ancient Greek marble sarcophagus had been reused to bury the Saint; but his bones were stolen in 1087 by merchants from Bari, and are now held in the cathedral of that city. The Ancient Greek language is the historical stage in the development of the Hellenic language family spanning the Archaic (c Marble is a nonfoliated Metamorphic rock resulting from the Metamorphism of Limestone, composed mostly of Calcite (a crystalline form of A sarcophagus is a Funeral receptacle for a Corpse, most commonly carved or cut from stone Bari ( Barium in Latin, Bàrion or Vàrion in Greek, Bare in Neapolitan The Basilica di San Nicola ( Basilica of Saint Nicholas) is a church in Bari, southern Italy, that holds wide religious significance throughout
The church is currently undergoing restoration. In 2007, after several years of refusal, the Turkish Ministry of Culture gave permission for the Divine Liturgy to be celebrated in the church for the first time in centuries. The Divine Liturgy is the common term for the Eucharistic service of the Byzantine tradition of Christian liturgy.
External links
- Notes on Myra at Turkish Ministry of Culture site
- Myra Tripod site
- Sites in Myra
- Numismatic Links
- Demre Guide
- Finally a mass in the church of Saint Nicholas in Myra article from AsiaNews. it
"Myra". Catholic Encyclopedia. The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia (1913). New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Photos and videos
- QTVR fullscreen panoramas of the Church of St. Nicholas and the Roman theatre
- Myra Guide and Photo Album
- Demre - Kale Guide and Photo Album
- Livius.org: Myra (Pictures)
Dictionary
Myra
-proper noun
- A female given name invented in the seventeenth century by the poet Fulke Greville, possibly as an anagram of Mary.
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