Music of China
Timeline
Genre
Modern	C-pop:(Cantopop/Mandopop) Rock Hip hop
Traditional	Opera Yayue Instrumental (musicology)
National	Historical Anthems Patriotic / Revolutionary PRC: "March of the Volunteers" ROC: "Three Principles of the People"
Media	Radio stations
Charts
Festivals	Midi Modern Music Festival
Regional traditions
Anhui - Fujian - Gansu - Guangdong - Guangxi - Guizhou - Hainan - Hebei - Heilongjiang - Henan - Hong Kong - Hunan - Hubei - Inner Mongolia - Jiangsu - Jiangxi - Jilin - Liaoning - Macau - Manchuria - Qinghai - Shandong - Shaanxi - Shanxi - Sichuan - Tibet - Xinjiang - Yunnan - Zhejiang
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The music of China dates back to the dawn of Chinese civilization with documents and artifacts providing evidence of a well-developed musical culture as early as the Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC - 256 BC). This is a timeline that show the development of Chinese music by genre and region C-pop () is an abbreviation for " Chinese Popular music ". Cantopop (Chinese 粵語流行曲 is a colloquial Portmanteau for " Cantonese popular music ". Mandopop ( is a colloquial abbreviation for " Mandarin Popular music ". Chinese hip hop (Chinese 嘻[[wikt 哈|哈]] pinyin xīha is a relatively Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back Yayue ( Chinese: 雅樂, literally "elegant music" is a form of Chinese classical music that was performed at imperial Traditional Chinese musical instruments comprise a wide range of string wind and percussion instruments Chinese musicology is the academic study of traditional Chinese music. Historical Chinese Anthems are a number of Chinese official and unofficial National anthems composed during the early 20th century Guoyue ( 国[[wikt 乐|乐]] literally "national music" is a modernized form of Chinese traditional music written or adapted for some form of grand presentation Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES March of the Volunteers ( is the National anthem of the People's Republic of China (including the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region since REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES " National Anthem of the Republic of China " is the current National anthem of the Republic of China (ROC This is a list of Radio stations that broadcast in the Chinese language. Midi Modern Music Festival (Chinese 迷笛音乐节 pinyin Mídí Yīnyuè Jié is China's largest Rock music festival Anhui is a Province of China, known musically for a wide array of folk and classical styles Fujian is a Chinese province. Traditional music include a variety of folk and classical styles Gansu is a region in northwest China. The capital is Lanzhou, a city with a vibrant musical life including many nightclubs In modern times the Chinese province of Guangdong has become known for Guangdong music (later Guangdong folk tunes) a synthesis of a number Guangxi is a region of China, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Guizhou is a province of China. Their folk tradition includes the song " Red Flower " which spread across China in the 1950s Hebei is a Province of China, known for its orchestral wind ensembles and the Huangmei opera. Heilongjiang is a province in northeastern China. Its capital city Harbin, is regarded as a center for musical innovation in China Henan is a central Province of China, known for an unusual way of playing the Guzheng; the technique known as you yao, consistings of using the right hand The Music of Hong Kong is an eclectic mixture of traditional and popular genres Hubei is a Province of China, known for the Huangmei and Chu opera styles and a wide array of folk songs Huangmei opera is especially renowned and has Inner Mongolia is a province of China with traditions related to Tuvan music and Mongolian music. Jiangxi is a southeastern Province of China. The area's musical heritage includes the Hakka music of Jiangzi Fujian and Guangdong. Jilin is a northeastern Province of China. The region is home to many kinds of Musical theater, especially Opera. Macau is a Special Administrative Region of the China. It was formerly a Colony of Portugal, which left a legacy of linguistic and other cultural Manchuria is a region of Northeast China, inhabited by the Manchu and other Ethnic groups There is a great variety of music in Manchuria with the The music of Qinghai, a province of China inhabited by Tibetans, Mongolians and others includes Hua'er, a type of song prevalent throughout northwest China Shaanxi is a Province of China that has a long history of Folk music. Shaanxi is a Province of China that has a long history of Folk music. Sichuan is a Province of China which has a long history of both folk and classical music. The music of Tibet reflects the cultural heritage of the trans-Himalayan region centered in Tibet but also known wherever ethnic Tibetan groups are found in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is dominated by Uyghurs, a Turkic people related to others from Central Asia. The Music of Yunnan, a province in southwestern China, includes the tradition music of many Ethnic groups including the Music is an Art form in which the medium is Sound organized in Time. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. Today, the music continues a rich traditional heritage in one aspect, while emerging into a more contemporary form at the same time. In summary the commercialized segment is in Hong Kong and Taiwan. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. The more diverse and sophisticated genres and aspects are in mainland China. Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term synonymous with the area that is under the jurisdiction

Contents 1 History 1.1 Dynasty era (1122 BC - 1911) 1.2 Republic of China era (1912 - 1949) 1.3 People's Republic of China era (1949 - 1990s) 2 Current 3 Modern music 3.1 Pop music 3.2 Hip hop & rap 3.3 Rock and heavy metal 3.4 Punk rock 4 National music 4.1 Patriotic / Revolutionary 5 Traditional music 5.1 Instrumental 5.2 Ethnic Han music 5.3 Chinese Opera 5.4 Folk music 6 Regional music 6.1 Tibet 6.2 Guangxi 6.3 Yunnan 6.4 Sichuan 6.5 Manchuria 6.6 Xinjiang 6.7 Hua'er 6.8 Kuaiban 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External links

History

The legendary founder of music in Chinese mythology was Ling Lun, who made bamboo pipes tuned to the sounds of birds. Chinese mythology is a collection of Cultural history, Folktales, and Religions that have been passed down in oral or written form Ling Lun (Traditional Chinese 伶[[wikt 倫|倫]] or 泠[[wikt 倫|倫]] is the legendary Founder of music in ancient China.

Dynasty era (1122 BC - 1911)

According to Mencius, a powerful ruler had asked him whether it was moral if he preferred popular music to the classics. Life Mencius also known by his birth name Meng Ke or Ko, was born in the State of Zou (simp Popular music is Music belonging to any of a number of musical styles that are accessible to the general public and are disseminated by one or more The answer was that the only thing matters being whether or not he loved his subjects. The Imperial Music Bureau, first established in the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC), was greatly expanded under the Emperor Han Wu Di (140-87 BC) and charged with supervising court music and military music and determining what folk music would be officially recognized. Not to be confused with the Qing Dynasty, the last dynasty of China Background birth and years as crown prince Emperor Wu was the tenth child of Emperor Jing, and was born to one of Emperor Jing's favorite Concubines, In subsequent dynasties, the development of Chinese music was strongly influenced by foreign music, especially that of Central Asia. Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south

The oldest written music is Youlan or the Solitary Orchid, attributed to Confucius (see guqin article for a sample of tablature). Jieshi Diao Youlan (碣石調幽蘭 means "Solitary Orchid in the Stone Tablet Mode" or just "Solitary Orchid" ("Secluded Orchid" or "Elegant Orchid" Confucius ( lit " Master Kung " September 28, 551 BC - 479 BC) was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher The (simplified/traditional 古琴; Pinyin: gǔqín The first major well-documented flowering of Chinese music was for the qin during the Tang Dynasty, though the qin is known to have been played since before the Han Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty ( Middle Chinese: dhɑng (June 18 618&ndashJune 4 907 was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China.

In ancient China the position of musicians was much lower than that of painters, though music was seen as central to the harmony and longevity of the state. Almost every emperor took folk songs seriously, sending officers to collect songs to inspect the popular will. One of the Confucianist Classics, Shi Jing (poets), contained many folk songs dating from 800 BC to about 300 BC. Shi Jing ( translated variously as the Classic of Poetry, the Book of Songs or the Book of Odes, is the earliest Events By place Egypt Pyrrhus, the King of Epirus, is taken as a hostage to Egypt after the Battle of Ipsus

The first European to reach China with a musical instrument was Jesuit priest Matteo Ricci who presented a Harpsichord to the Ming imperial court and trained four eunuchs how to use it in 1601. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order Matteo Ricci SJ ( October 6 1552 &ndash May 11 1610;; Courtesy name: 西泰 Xītài was an Italian Jesuit priest A harpsichord is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. The Ming Dynasty ( or Empire of the Great Ming ( was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol -led A eunuch (ˈjuːnək is a Castrated man in particular one castrated early enough to have major hormonal consequences the term usually refers to those castrated in order to ^[1]

Republic of China era (1912 - 1949)

The New Culture Movement of the 1910s and 1920s evoked a great deal of lasting interest in Western music. March of the Volunteers ( is the National anthem of the People's Republic of China (including the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region since The New Culture Movement ( refers to the period between 1917 and 1923 in China, which was marked by student and intellectual ferment and protests against the warlord government Western music is the genres of Music originating in the Western world (Europe and its former colonies including Western classical music, American A number of Chinese musicians returned from studying abroad to perform Western classical music, composing work based on Western musical notation system. The Kuomintang tried to sponsor modern music adoptions via the Shanghai Conservatory of Music despite the ongoing political crisis. The Shanghai Conservatory of Music (上海音乐学院 is a public University in Shanghai, China. 20th-century cultural philosophers like Xiao Youmei, Cai Yuanpei, Feng Zikai and Wang Guangqi wanted to see Chinese music adopted to the best standard possible. Feng Zikai ( ( 1898 - 1975) was a Chinese painter and cartoonist There were many different opinions regarding the best standard. ^[1]

Symphony orchestras were formed in most major cities and performed to a wide audience in the concert halls and on radio. An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. Many of the performers added jazz influences to traditional music, adding xylophones, saxophones and violins, among other instruments. Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States The xylophone (from the Greek words ξύλον - xylon, "wood" + φωνή - phone, "voice" meaning "wooden The saxophone (commonly referred to simply as sax) is a conical- bored transposing Musical instrument considered a member of the Woodwind The violin is a bowed String instrument with four strings usually tuned in Perfect fifths It is the smallest and highest-pitched member Lü Wencheng, Li Jinhui, Zhou Xuan, Qui Hechou, Yin Zizhong and He Dasha were among the most popular performers and composers during this period. Lü Wencheng (吕文成 Pinyin: Lǚ Wénchéng (1898-1981 was a Chinese composer and musician Li Jinhui was a composer and songwriter born in Xiangtan, China in 1891 Zhou Xuan ( -) was a popular Chinese singer and Film actress By the 1940s she had become one of the Seven great singing stars. Yin Zizhong ( Traditional Chinese:尹自重 Hanyu Pinyin:Yǐn Zìzhòng(1903 &ndash May 10, 1985) was a popular Chinese musician during the He Dasha (Chinese 何[[wikt 大|大]] 傻; 1897-1957 was a Chinese musician

After the 1942 Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art, a large-scale campaign was launched in the Communist controlled areas to adapt folk music to create revolutionary songs to educate the largely illiterate rural population on party goals. The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the Musical forms considered superstitious or anti-revolutionary were repressed, and harmonies and bass lines were added to traditional songs. In Western music, harmony is the use of different pitches simultaneously and chords actual or implied in Music. One example is The East Is Red, a folksong from northern Shaanxi which was adapted into a nationalist hymn. " The East Is Red " ( is a Song that was the De facto Anthem of the People's Republic of China during the Cultural Revolution ( Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a north-central province of the People's Republic of China, and includes portions of the Loess Of particular note is the composer, Xian Xinghai, who was active during this period, and composed the Yellow River Cantata which is the most well-known of all of his works. Xian Xinghai ( June 13, 1905 &ndash October 30, 1945) (Chinese 冼星海 Pinyin: Xiǎn Xīnghăi was a Chinese The Yellow River Cantata ( Chinese:黄河大合唱 Pinyin: Huánghé Dàhéchàng is a Cantata by Chinese composer Xian Xinghai

People's Republic of China era (1949 - 1990s)

The golden age of shidaiqu and the Seven great singing stars would come to an end when the Communist party denounce Chinese popular music as yellow music (pornography). Shidaiqu (Chinese時代曲 shídàiqǔ is a type of Chinese folk /European Jazz fusion music that originated in Shanghai China, in the 1920s The Seven Great Singing Stars ( refers to the seven most renowned Singers of China in the early 20th century The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the C-pop () is an abbreviation for " Chinese Popular music ". Yellow Music (Chinese 黃色音樂 Huang2 Se4 Yin1 Yue4 wong sik jam ngok or (Chinese 黃歌 Huang2 Ge1 wong go was a label used to describe early generations of Chinese popular Pornography or porn is the explicit depiction of Sexual subject matter with the sole intention of sexually exciting the viewer ^[2] Maoists considered pop music as a decline to the art form in the mainland. Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought ( is a variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader In 1949 the Kuomintang relocated to Taiwan, and the People's Republic of China was established. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Revolutionary songs would become heavily promoted by the state. Guoyue ( 国[[wikt 乐|乐]] literally "national music" is a modernized form of Chinese traditional music written or adapted for some form of grand presentation The Cultural Revolution and other Maoist made revolutionary songs an acceptable genre to the point where it overshadowed other genre and almost define what mainland music is. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in the People’s Republic of China was a struggle for power within the Communist Party of China that manifested into Maoism, variably and officially known as Mao Zedong Thought ( is a variant of Marxism derived from the teachings of the late Chinese leader

After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, a new fast tempo Northwest Wind (xibeifeng, 西北風) style was launched by the people to counter the government. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 culminating in the Tiananmen Square Massacre (referred to in Chinese as the June Fourth Incident, to avoid confusion with two Northwest Wind (Chinese 西北风 xibeifeng is a style of music which emerged on the popular music scene in Mainland China from the northwestern or xibei portion The music would progress into Chinese rock, which remained popular in the 1990s. However, music in China is very much state-owned as the TV, media, and major concert halls are all controlled by the Communist party. The government mainly chose not to support Chinese rock by limiting its exposure and airtime. As a result, the genre never reached the mainstream in its entirety.

Current

China has a high piracy rate along with issues of intellectual properties. Piracy is Robbery committed at sea or sometimes on shore without a commission from a sovereign Nation (as distinct from Privateering Intellectual property ( IP) is a legal field that refers to creations of the mind such as musical literary and artistic works inventions and symbols names ^[3] As a result, most albums are released in Taiwan or Hong Kong first. Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders It is often one of the business decisions made by record companies. Normally there is some delay before the products are released into the mainland, with occasional exceptions, such as the work of Cui Jian who was released in Taiwan, Hong Kong and the mainland simultaneously. Cui Jian is a Beijing -based Korean Chinese Singer-songwriter, Trumpeter and Guitarist. ^[4] Consequently, a delay in release time is also the biggest driver of piracy, since individuals would rather pirate from the outside. Modern market is not only hindered by rights issues, as there are many other factors such as profit margin, income and other economical questions. A right is a legal or moral Entitlement or Permission. Rights are of vital importance in theories of Justice and deontological ethics Profit margin, Net Margin, Net profit margin or Net Profit Ratio all refer to a measure of Profitability. Income, refers to consumption opportunity gained by an entity within a specified time frame which is generally expressed in monetary terms

Annual events such as the Midi Modern Music Festival in Beijing do keep music culture alive. Midi Modern Music Festival (Chinese 迷笛音乐节 pinyin Mídí Yīnyuè Jié is China's largest Rock music festival There was also the "Snow Mountain Music Festival" in Yunnan province 2002. The term "Chinese Woodstock" has been thrown around by Western media for these two events. Both draw sizable crowds outdoor, but the term is not quite official. The Chinese rock movement differed from its Western counterpart in that it never fully made it into mainstream culture due to restrictions by the state.

Today, rock music is centered on almost exclusively in Beijing and Shanghai, and has very limited influence over Chinese society. Wuhan and Sichuan are sometimes considered pockets of rock music culture as well. ( is the capital of Hubei province and is the most populous city in central People's Republic of China. ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. It points to a significant cultural, political and social difference that exist between China, the West, or even different parts within China. While rock has existed in China for decades, the milestone that put the genre on the international map is when Cui Jian played with The Rolling Stones in 2003, at the age of 42. Cui Jian is a Beijing -based Korean Chinese Singer-songwriter, Trumpeter and Guitarist.

Modern music

These are genres that started after 1912 to coincide with the New China.

Pop music

Main articles: c-pop and mandopop

C-pop originally began with the shidaiqu genre founded by Li Jinhui in the mainland, with Western jazz influences from the likes of Buck Clayton. C-pop () is an abbreviation for " Chinese Popular music ". Mandopop ( is a colloquial abbreviation for " Mandarin Popular music ". Shidaiqu (Chinese時代曲 shídàiqǔ is a type of Chinese folk /European Jazz fusion music that originated in Shanghai China, in the 1920s Li Jinhui was a composer and songwriter born in Xiangtan, China in 1891 Buck Clayton (born Wilbur Dorsey Clayton in Parsons Kansas on November 12, 1911 -died in New York City on December 8 After the Communist Party establishment, the Baak Doi record company ended up leaving Shanghai in 1952. Pathé Records ( literally "hundred generations" is the first major record company in Shanghai, China and later Hong Kong. ^[5] The 1970s saw the rise of cantopop in Hong Kong, and later mandopop in Taiwan. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. Cantopop (Chinese 粵語流行曲 is a colloquial Portmanteau for " Cantonese popular music ". Mandopop ( is a colloquial abbreviation for " Mandarin Popular music ". The mainland remained on the sideline for decades with minimal degree of participation. Only in recent years did the youth in mainland resume as a consumer for the Taiwan mandopop market. Still, China is not yet considered a major production hub despite having the largest population^[6]. The mainland censorship is strict on popular music even today. When Hong Kong's icon Anita Mui performed the song "Bad Girl" during the 1990s in China, she was banned from returning to the concert for showing a rebellious attitude. Anita Mui Yim-fong ( October 10, 1963 - December 30, 2003) was a popular Hong Kong Singer and Actress. ^[7] By Western standards, the performance was no more rebellious than say, Madonna for example; since Mui based a lot of her dance moves on Madonna's style. Madonna Louise Ciccone Ritchie (born August 16 1958 known as Madonna, is an American Many mainland artists often try to start their commercial success in Hong Kong or Taiwan first, and then re-import into the mainland as part of the gangtai culture. Gangtai (Chinese 港台 or 港臺 Hanyu Pinyin: Gǎng Tái is a term derived from the shortened word of "Kong" and "Tai"

Hip hop & rap

Main articles: Chinese rap, Hong Kong hip hop, Taiwanese hip hop

Rock and heavy metal

Main article: Chinese rock

The widely-acknowledged forefather of Chinese rock is Cui Jian. Chinese hip hop (Chinese 嘻[[wikt 哈|哈]] pinyin xīha is a relatively The Hong Kong hip hop scene debuted in 1988 from Softhard, then evolutionized in 1995 with the formation of LMF which was the first rap/rock group signed by a major Taiwanese hip hop music started in the early 1990s popularized by the early hip hop trio L Cui Jian is a Beijing -based Korean Chinese Singer-songwriter, Trumpeter and Guitarist. ^[4] In the late 1980s he played the first Chinese rock song called: "I Have Nothing" ("Yi wu suo you"). It was the first time an electric guitar was used in China. An electric guitar is a type of Guitar that uses pickups to convert the vibration of its steel-cored strings into an electrical current which is made louder He became the most famous performer of the time, and by 1988 he performed at a concert broadcasted worldwide in conjunction with the Seoul Summer Olympic Games. The 1988 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad, were an International Multi-sport event staged in 1988 in ^[4] His socially critical lyrics earned him the anger of the government and many of his concerts were banned or cancelled. After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, he played with a red blindfold around his head as an action against the government. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 culminating in the Tiananmen Square Massacre (referred to in Chinese as the June Fourth Incident, to avoid confusion with two

Following, two bands became famous Hei Bao (Black Panther) and Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty ( is a Chinese ethnic-art rock and prog-metal band that is often credited as being the first heavy metal band in China. Both started during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Hei Bao is an old-school rock band whose first CD, Hei Bao used the popular English song ("Don't Break My Heart"). Tang Dynasty was the first Chinese heavy metal band. Tang Dynasty ( is a Chinese ethnic-art rock and prog-metal band that is often credited as being the first heavy metal band in China. Its first CD "A Dream Return to Tang Dynasty" combines elements of traditional Chinese opera and old school heavy metal. Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back The album was a major breakthrough releasing around 1991/1992. Unfortunately, one member of Tang Dynasty died shortly after the release.

Around 1994-96: the first thrash metal band, Chao Zai (Overload), was formed. Thrash metal (sometimes referred to simply as thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that is characterized by its fast tempo and aggression Overload ("超载" chaozai is the first Thrash metal band of Chinese rock. They released three CDs, the last one in cooperation with pop singer Gao Chi of the split-up band The Breathing. Gao Qi (高旗, the lead vocalist and songwriter of the Chinese rock band Overload, was born in a family with generations' classical music background in Beijing

Punk rock

Punk rock became famous in China around 1994 - 1996. The first Chinese artist of the genre was He Yong of nu metal style, influenced by Limp Bizkit, Linkin Park and others. He Yong ( 何[[wiktionary 勇|勇]] (born in Beijing, 1969 is a Chinese rock musician who has been particularly active in the 1980s and 1990s]] Nu metal (sometimes named new metal or nü metal) is a musical genre that emerged in the mid 1990s which fuses influences from grunge and Alternative Limp Bizkit is an American Nu metal band from Jacksonville, Florida. Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.

Around 1995 the first wave of Chinese punk bands appeared in Beijing, and the second generation followed around 1997. Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 Many were inspired by Western bands such as Korn, Limp Bizkit or Linkin Park. Korn, occasionally typeset as KoЯn or KoRn, is an American Nu metal band from Bakersfield California, and is often credited with popularizing Limp Bizkit is an American Nu metal band from Jacksonville, Florida. Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California. China would have their own with Yaksa, Twisted Machine, AK-47, Overheal Tank. Yaksa (Yecha ( is a Chinese Nu metal band that became active in the Beijing Rock scene in 1997

National music

Patriotic / Revolutionary

Main article: Guoyue

Guoyue are basically music performed on some grand presentation to encourage national pride. The Internationale in Chinese ( is literally the International Song. " The East Is Red " ( is a Song that was the De facto Anthem of the People's Republic of China during the Cultural Revolution Guoyue ( 国[[wikt 乐|乐]] literally "national music" is a modernized form of Chinese traditional music written or adapted for some form of grand presentation Since 1949, it has been by far the most government-promoted genre. Compared to other forms of music, symphonic national music flourished throughout the country. In 1969 the cantata was adapted to a piano concerto. A cantata (derived from the Italian word 'cantare' meaning 'to sing' is a vocal composition with an instrumental Accompaniment and often A piano concerto is a work written for Piano and Orchestra.See also Harpsichord concerto; some of these works are occasionally played on piano The Yellow River Piano Concerto was performed by the pianist Yin Chengzong, and is still performed today on global stages. The Yellow River Piano Concerto ( Traditional Chinese: 黃河協奏曲 Simplified Chinese: 黄河协奏曲 Pinyin: Huáng hé xié zòu qǔ is a Yin Chengzong (殷承宗 Pinyin: Yīn Chéngzōng (born 1941) is a Chinese Pianist and Composer. During the height of the Cultural Revolution, musical composition and performance were greatly restricted. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution in the People’s Republic of China was a struggle for power within the Communist Party of China that manifested into A form of soft, harmonic, generic, pan-Chinese music called guoyue was artificially created to be performed at conservatories. Guoyue ( 国[[wikt 乐|乐]] literally "national music" is a modernized form of Chinese traditional music written or adapted for some form of grand presentation After the Cultural Revolution, musical institutions were reinstated and musical composition and performance revived. At the height of the Mao Zedong era, the music accelerated at the political level into "Revolutionary Music" leaning toward cult status and becoming mainstream under pro-Communist ideology. Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led

Traditional music

Instrumental

Main article: Traditional Chinese musical instruments

Traditional music in China is played on solo instruments or in small ensembles of plucked and bowed stringed instruments, flutes, and various cymbals, gongs, and drums. Traditional Chinese musical instruments comprise a wide range of string wind and percussion instruments In Music, a solo (from the Italian solo, meaning alone) is a piece or a section of a piece played or sung by a single performer The scale has five notes. Chinese musicology is the academic study of traditional Chinese music. Bamboo pipes and qin are among the oldest known musical instruments from China; instruments are traditionally divided into categories based on their material of composition: skin, gourd, bamboo, wood, silk, earth/clay, metal and stone. Chinese Flutes come in various types They include Dizi (and its varieties such as the Bangdi; all transverse flutes usually made The (simplified/traditional 古琴; Pinyin: gǔqín A musical instrument is a device constructed or modified for the purpose of making Music. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Chinese orchestras traditionally consist of bowed strings, woodwinds, plucked strings and percussion. An orchestra is an instrumental ensemble, usually fairly large with string brass woodwind sections and possibly a percussion section as well A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs Types of woodwind instruments See also List of woodwind instruments Single-reed instruments use a reed, which is a thin cut Plucked string instruments are a subcategory of String instruments that are played by plucking the strings Plucking is a way of pulling and releasing the string in

Instruments

• Woodwind and percussion

dizi, sheng, paigu, gong, paixiao, guan, bells, cymbals

• Bowed strings

erhu, zhonghu, dahu, banhu, jinghu, gaohu, gehu, yehu, cizhonghu, diyingehu, leiqin

• Plucked and struck strings

guqin, sanxian, yangqin, guzheng, ruan, konghou, liuqin, pipa, zhu

Chinese vocal music has traditionally been sung in a thin, non-resonant voice or in falsetto and is usually solo rather than choral. The term falsetto (Italian diminutive of falso, false refers to the Vocal register occupying the frequency range just above the Modal voice register and For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers All traditional Chinese music is melodic rather than harmonic. In Music, a melody (from Greek μελῳδία - melōidía, "singing chanting" also tune, voice, or Chinese vocal music probably developed from sung poems and verses with music. Instrumental pieces played on an erhu or dizi are popular, and are often available outside of China, but the pipa and zheng music, which are more traditional, are more popular in China itself. The erhu ( also called nanhu ( 南[[wikt 胡|胡]] "southern fiddle" and sometimes known in the West as the "Chinese The dizi ( is a Chinese Transverse flute. It is also sometimes known as the di ( 笛) or hengdi ( 橫[[wiktionary The pipa ( is a plucked Chinese String instrument. Sometimes called the Chinese Lute, the instrument has a pear-shaped wooden body The guzheng, also spelled gu zheng or gu-zheng ( or zheng (箏 ( gu-, 古 means "ancient" The qin is perhaps the most revered instrument in China, even though very few people know what it is or seen and heard one being played. The (simplified/traditional 古琴; Pinyin: gǔqín The zheng, a form of zither, is most popular in Henan, Chaozhou, Hakka and Shandong. The zither is a musical String instrument, most commonly found in Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, the southern regions of Germany, alpine Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country The Hakkas ( Hakka language: Hak-kâ; Mandarin Chinese: Kèjiā) are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people who live predominantly ( is a coastal province of eastern People's Republic of China. The pipa, a kind of lute, believed to have been introduced from the Arabian Peninsula area during the 6th century and adopted to suit Chinese tastes, is most popular in Shanghai and surrounding areas. Lute can refer generally to any plucked string instrument with a neck (either Fretted or unfretted and a deep round back or more specifically to an instrument from The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) The 6th century is the period from 501 to 600 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million

Ethnic Han music

Han Chinese make up some 92% of the population of China. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. Ethnic Han music consists of heterophonic music, in which the musicians play versions of a single melodic line. In Music, heterophony is a type of texture created through the simultaneous variation of a melodic line Percussion accompanies most music, dance, and opera.

Chinese Opera

Main article: Chinese opera

Chinese opera has been hugely popular for centuries, especially Beijing opera. Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back Chinese Opera ( Chinese: 戏曲/戲曲 Pinyin: xìqǔ is a popular form of Drama and Musical theatre in China with roots going back Beijing opera or Peking opera ( is a form of traditional Chinese theatre which combines music vocal performance mime dance and acrobatics The music is often guttural with high-pitched vocals, usually accompanied by suona, jinghu, other kinds of string instruments, and percussion. The suona ( also called laba ( or haidi ( is a Han Chinese Shawm (oboe The jinghu ( 京胡; Pinyin: jīnghú is a Chinese bowed String instrument in the Huqin family used primarily A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs Other types of opera include clapper opera, Pingju, Cantonese opera, puppet opera, Kunqu, Sichuan opera, Qinqiang, ritual masked opera and Huangmei xi. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Cantonese opera is one of the major categories in Chinese opera, originating in southern China 's Cantonese culture. Kunqu ( 崑[[wiktionary 曲|曲]] Pinyin: Kūnqǔ Wade-Giles: k'un-ch'ü also known as Kunju, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera Sichuan opera or Chuanju (Chinese 川剧 Pinyin: chuānjù Jyutping: cyun1 kek6 is a type of Chinese opera originating in China Qinqiang (秦腔 Pinyin: Qínqiāng or Luantan ( 亂彈, Pinyin: Luàntán is the representative folk Chinese opera of the northwest Huangmei opera or Huangmei tone (黃梅戲 or 黃梅調 Pinyin: Huángméixì or Huángméidiào originated as a form of Rural folksong and dance that

Folk music

Han folk music thrives at weddings and funerals and usually includes a form of oboe called a suona and percussive ensembles called chuigushou. Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous "Hautbois" redirects here for the strawberry variety see Hautbois strawberry. The suona ( also called laba ( or haidi ( is a Han Chinese Shawm (oboe The Han Chinese, who make up some 92% of the population of China, play Heterophonic music in which the musicians play versions of a single melody line The music is diverse, sometimes jolly, sometimes sad and often based on Western pop music and TV theme songs. Ensembles consisting of mouth organs (sheng), shawms (suona), flutes (dizi) and percussion instruments (especially yunluo gongs) are popular in northern villages; their music is descended from the imperial temple music of Beijing, Xi'an, Wutai shan and Tianjin. The Chinese shêng ( Chinese: 笙; Pinyin shēng) is a Mouth -blown Free reed instrument consisting essentially The suona ( also called laba ( or haidi ( is a Han Chinese Shawm (oboe The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its The dizi ( is a Chinese Transverse flute. It is also sometimes known as the di ( 笛) or hengdi ( 橫[[wiktionary Yunluo ( 云[[wiktionary 锣|锣]] literally "cloud gongs" or "cloud of gongs" is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. This article is about the Internet Protocol Television channel UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Mount Wutai () also known as Wutai Mountain, located in Shanxi, China, is one of the Four Sacred Mountains in Chinese Buddhism. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. Xi'an drum music consisting of wind and percussive instruments is popular around Xi'an, and has received some popularity outside China in a highly-commercialized form. UserEl_C --> Xi'an ( Postal map spelling: Sian is the Capital of the Shaanxi province in the Another important instrument is the sheng, pipes, which is an ancient instrument that is an ancestor of all Western free reed instruments, such as the accordion. The Chinese shêng ( Chinese: 笙; Pinyin shēng) is a Mouth -blown Free reed instrument consisting essentially Chinese Flutes come in various types They include Dizi (and its varieties such as the Bangdi; all transverse flutes usually made A free reed aerophone is a Musical instrument where Sound is produced as air flows past a Vibrating reed in a frame The accordion is a portable box-shaped Musical instrument of the hand-held Bellows -driven free-reed aerophone family sometimes referred to as a Squeezebox Parades led by Western-type brass bands are common, often competing in volume with a shawm/chuigushou band. A brass band is a Musical group generally consisting entirely of Brass instruments, most often with a percussion section

In southern Fujian and Taiwan, Nanyin or Nanguan is a genre of traditional ballads. This article is about the People's Republic of China province Taiwan ( Taiwanese: Tâi-oân/Tāi-oân (historically 大灣/台員/大員/台圓/大圓/台窩灣 is an Island in East Asia. Nanguan ( 南[[wiktionary 管|管]] pinyin nánguǎn literally "southern pipe" also called nanyin (南音 nanyue They are sung by a woman accompanied by a xiao and a pipa and other traditional instruments. The xiao ( is a Chinese vertical End-blown flute. It is generally made of dark brown Bamboo (called "purple bamboo" in Chinese The pipa ( is a plucked Chinese String instrument. Sometimes called the Chinese Lute, the instrument has a pear-shaped wooden body The music is generally sorrowful and mourning and typically deals with love-stricken women. Further south, in Shantou, Hakka and Chaozhou, erxian and zheng ensembles are popular. History Shantou was a fishing village part of Tuojiang City (鮀江都 Jieyang District (揭陽縣 during the Song Dynasty. The Hakkas ( Hakka language: Hak-kâ; Mandarin Chinese: Kèjiā) are a subgroup of the Han Chinese people who live predominantly The erxian ( 二[[wiktionary 弦|弦]] literally "two string" is a Chinese bowed String instrument in the Huqin

Sizhu ensembles use flutes and bowed or plucked string instruments to make harmonious and melodious music that has become popular in the West among some listeners. The flute is a Musical instrument of the Woodwind family Unlike other woodwind instruments a flute is a Reedless wind instrument that produces its These are popular in Nanjing and Hangzhou, as well as elsewhere along the southern Yangtze area. ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles ( Postal map spelling: Hangchow) is a Sub-provincial city located in the Yangtze River Delta in the People's Republic of China, Sizhu has been secularized in cities but remains spiritual in rural areas.

Jiangnan Sizhu (silk and bamboo music from Jiangnan) is a style of instrumental music, often played by amateur musicians in teahouses in Shanghai, that has become widely known outside of its place of origin. Jiangnan sizhu is a style of traditional Chinese instrumental music from the Jiangnan region of China Jiangnan or Jiang Nan ( sometimes spelled Kiang-nan) is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of Shanghai ( 上[[wikt 海|海]] is the largest city in China in terms of population and one of the largest urban areas in the world with over 20 million

Guangdong Music or Cantonese Music is instrumental music from Guangzhou and surrounding areas. Guangdong music, also known as Cantonese music (广东音乐 Guǎngdōng yīnyuè) is a style of traditional Chinese instrumental music from Guangzhou Guangdong music, also known as Cantonese music (广东音乐 Guǎngdōng yīnyuè) is a style of traditional Chinese instrumental music from Guangzhou Guangzhou ( Jyutping: Gwong²zau¹; Yale: Gwóngjàu) is the Capital and a Sub-provincial city It is based on Yueju (Cantonese Opera) music, together with new compositions from the 1920s onwards. Many pieces have influences from jazz and Western music, using syncopation and triple time.

Regional music

China has many ethnic groups besides the Han, concentrated in the southeast and northwest. Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. These include Tibetans, Russians, Uyghurs, Manchus, Zhuang, Dai, Naxi, Miao, Wa, Yi, Lisu and Mongolians. Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in The Dai peoples of China ( Tai Lü: tai51 lɯ11) is the officially recognized name of several Ethnic groups living in the Sipsongpanna Tai Autonomous Prefecture The Nakhi ( endonym ¹na²khi) are an ethnic group inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province The terms Hmong (m̥ɔ̃ŋ and Mong ( both refer to an Asian ethnic group in the mountainous regions of southern China. The Va nationality ( ဝလူမျိုး wa̰ lùmjóʊ lives mainly in compact communities in the Ximeng (in Va Mēng Ka or Si Moung) The Yi people (own name in the Liangshan dialect ꆈꌠ official transcription Nuosu, nɔ̄sū; the older name " Lolo " or " Luoluo " The Lisu people (Chinese 傈[[wiktionary 僳|僳]] 族: lìsù zú are a Tibeto-Burman Ethnic group who inhabit the mountainous regions of Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East

Tibet

Main article: Music of Tibet

Tibet is a culturally and ethnically distinct area in southwestern China. The music of Tibet reflects the cultural heritage of the trans-Himalayan region centered in Tibet but also known wherever ethnic Tibetan groups are found in Definitions of Tibet See also Definitions of Tibet Name In English The English word Tibet, like the word for Tibet in most European Its political status is controversial, with many within Tibet, as well as internationally, supporting independence. One of the major reasons for this sovereignty movement is that the Cultural Revolution decimated aspects of Tibetan culture, although Tibetans were not specifically targeted and was part of the general attack on Chinese culture during the period. Much of traditional Chinese culture was attacked and rejected during the Cultural Revolution. There are significant minorities of Tibetans in Kham, Bhutan, Nepal and India, as well as in immigrant communities throughout the world. For other meanings see Kham (disambiguation. KHAM (995 FM) is a commercial Radio station that is licensed to serve the The Kingdom of Bhutan (buːˈtɑːn is a Landlocked nation in South Asia. Nepal (नेपाल) is a Landlocked country in South Asia. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country

Music forms an integral part of Tibetan Buddhism. Tibetan Buddhism is the body of Buddhist religious doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet and certain regions of the Himalayas, including While chanting remains perhaps the best known form of Tibetan Buddhist music, complex and lively forms are also widespread. Chant (from Old French chanter) is the Rhythmic speaking or Singing of Words or Sounds often primarily on one or two Monks use music to recite various sacred texts and to celebrate a variety of festivals during the year. The most specialized form of chanting is called yang, which is without metrical timing and is dominated by resonant drums and sustained, low syllables. Other forms of chanting are unique to Tantra as well as the four main monastic schools: Gelugpa, Kagyupa, Nyingmapa and Sakyapa. Tantra ( Sanskrit: तन्त्र; " Weave " denoting continuity) tantricism or tantrism is any of several esoteric The Gelug or Gelug-pa, also known as the Yellow Hat sect, is a school of Buddhism founded by Tsongkhapa (1357–1419 a Philosopher The Kagyu or Kagyupa school also known as the " Oral Lineage " or Whispered Transmission school is one of four main schools of Himalayan The Nyingma tradition is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism (the other three being the Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug) This articles concerns the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism For information on the ancient Śākya tribe see Shakya. Of these schools, Gelugpa is considered a more a restrained, classical form, while Nyingmapa is widely described as romantic and dramatic. Gelugpa is perhaps the most popular.

Secular Tibetan music survived the Cultural Revolution more intact than spiritual music, especially due to the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts, which was founded by the Dalai Lama shortly after his self-imposed exile. The Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts was founded by Tenzin Gyatso on reaching Dharamsala, India in exile from Tibet in August 1959 Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso (born Lhamo Döndrub ( 6 July 1935 in Qinghai) He is the head of the Tibetan government-in-exile TIPA originally specialized in the operatic lhamo form, which has since been modernized with the addition of Western and other influences. Opera is an art form in which Singers and Musicians perform a Dramatic work (called an opera which combines a text (called a Libretto Other secular genres include nangma and toshe, which are often linked and are accompanied by a variety of instruments designed for highly-rhythmic dance music. Nangma (bo ནང་མ་ is a genre of Tibetan Dance music closely related to Toeshey. This article is about music for dancing in general You may also be looking for Electronic dance music. Nangma karaoke is popular in modern Lhasa. (kɑːrɑːˌoʊkɛ in Japanese karaoke) is a form of Entertainment in which Amateur Singers sing along with recorded Music (and/or a Lhasa, ( in English l̥ʰásə or in Tibetan; Chinese: 拉萨 Pinyin: Lāsà sometimes spelled Lasa, is the administrative capital of the A classical form called gar is very popular, and is distinguished by ornate, elegant and ceremonial music honoring dignitaries or other respected persons. The Gar style is a Tibetan form of Chanting and dancing

Tibetan folk music includes a cappella lu songs, which are distinctively high in pitch with glottal vibrations, as well as now rare epic bards who sing the tales of Gesar, Tibet's most popular hero. Folk music can have a number of different meanings including Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous A cappella (Italian or Latin "From the chapel/choir" Music is Vocal music or Singing without instrumental Accompaniment The Epic of King Gesar is the central epic poem of Tibet and much of Central Asia.

Tibetan music has influenced the pioneering compositions of Philip Glass and, most influentially, Henry Eichheim. WikipediaWikiProject Composers#Lead section --> Philip Glass (born January 31 Henry Eichheim ( January 3, 1870 – August 22, 1942) was an American composer conductor violinist organologist, and Later artists made New Age fusions by pioneers Henry Wolff and Nancy Hennings. New Age music is peaceful Music of various styles which is intended to create inspiration relaxation and positive feelings often used by listeners for Yoga, Henry Wolff is a musician who worked on the movie ' Koyaanisqatsi ' Nancy Hennings is a musician who teamed up with Henry Wolff to do the CD ' Tibetan Bells ' in 1971, one of the pioneering CDs of New age music. These two collaborated on Tibetan Bells, perhaps the first fusion of New Age and Tibetan influences, in 1971. Tibetan Bells was a 1971 album by Henry Wolff and Nancy Hennings. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. Glass' Kundun soundtrack proved influential in the 1990s, while the popularity of Western-adapted Buddhism (exemplified by Richard Gere, Yungchen Lhamo, Steve Tibbetts, Choying Drolma, Lama Karta and Kitaro and Nawang Khechong) helped further popularize Tibetan music. Kundun is a 1997 film written by Melissa Mathison and directed by Martin Scorsese. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 Richard Tiffany Gere (born August 31, 1949) is a Golden Globe - and Screen Actors Guild Award -winning American Actor. Steve Tibbetts is a Minneapolis -based American guitarist known for an original approach to both composing and sound-forming Ani Choying Dolma (born June 4 1971 in Kathmandu, Nepal) also known as Choying Drolma ( Ani, "nun" is an honorific Kitarō (喜多郎 (born Masanori Takahashi (高橋正則 Takahashi Masanori) is a Grammy award-winning Japanese Musician, Composer Nawang Khechog (also known as Nawang Khechong) is a Tibetan flute player and composer

With the arrival of Tibetan refugees in the Himalayas, Western music, often in unique Tibetan forms, started to become popular among Tibetans everywhere. Rangzen Shonu quickly became the most popular ethnically Tibetan performers of Western rock and pop. Rangzen Shonu ( "Freedom Youth" is a now defunct Tibetan Rock and roll band. Other forms of imported pop music include Indian ghazal and filmi, popular across the Himalayas and in Tibetan communities worldwide. In Poetry, the ghazal ( Arabic / Persian / Urdu: غزل; Hindi: ग़ज़ल Turkish gazel) is a Filmi (or Filmy used as an adjective is a colloquial term which refers to anything relating to the Bollywood film industry Tibetan-Western fusions have been long suppressed in China itself, but have been widespread and innovative outside of the country. In the mid- to late 1980s, a relaxation of governmental rules allowed a form of Tibetan pop music to emerge in Tibet proper. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. Direct references to native religion is still forbidden, but commonly-understood metaphors are widespread. Pure Tibetan pop is heavily influenced by light Chinese rock, and includes best-sellers like Jampa Tsering and Yatong. The music of Tibet reflects the cultural heritage of the trans-Himalayan region centered in Tibet but also known wherever ethnic Tibetan groups are found in Jampa Tsering was a Tibetan pop Singer and Dancer Born in Lhasa in the early 1960s Jampa Tsering became famous in the late 1980s and early 1990s releasing Yatong is a Tibetan singer from Kham, the eastern province of traditional Tibet. Politically and socially aware songs are rare in this form of pop, but commonplace in a second type of Tibetan pop. Nangma karaoke bars appeared in 1998 and are common in Lhasa, in spite of threats from the Chinese government. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)

Guangxi

Main article: Music of Guangxi

Guangxi is a region of China, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Guangxi is a region of China, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National Guangxi (or Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;) is a Zhuang autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. Its most famous modern musician is Sister Liu, who was the subject of a 1960s film that introduced Guangxi's cultures to the rest of the world. A musician is a person who plays or writes Music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music An instrumentalist plays a The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969

The Gin people are known for their instrument called duxianqin (独弦琴, pinyin: dúxiánqín; lit. Some areas of the southwestern People's Republic of China are inhabited by an indigenous population of ethnic Vietnamese people (or Kinh) The duxianqin ( 独[[wikt 弦|弦]] 琴, Pinyin: dúxiánqín lit "single string zither"), a string instrument with only one string, said to date back to the 8th century. A string instrument (or stringed instrument) is a Musical instrument that produces Sound by means of Vibrating strings In the Hornbostel-Sachs The 8th century is the period from 701 to 800 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era.

Yunnan

Main article: Music of Yunnan

Yunnan is an ethnically diverse area in southeast China. The Nakhi ( endonym ¹na²khi) are an ethnic group inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province The Music of Yunnan, a province in southwestern China, includes the tradition music of many Ethnic groups including the Perhaps best-known from the province is the lusheng, a type of mouth organ, used by the Miao people of Guizhou for pentatonic antiphonal courting songs. The lusheng (traditional 蘆[[wiktionary 笙|笙]] simplified 芦[[wiktionary 笙|笙]] also spelled lu sheng; spelled The Miao ( Vietnamese: Mèo or H'Mông Thai: แม้ว (Maew or ม้ง (Mong Burmese: mun lu-myo) are a linguistically and culturally ( also spelled Kweichow) is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country An Antiphonary, Antiphonal, or Antiphoner (Latin antiphonarium antiphonarius antiphonarius liber antiphonale; Greek ’antíphonon antiphon antiphone

The Hani of Honghe Prefecture are known for a unique kind of choral, micro-tonal rice-transplanting songs. The Hani people ( Hani: Haqniq;; Vietnamese: Người Hà Nhì) are an ethnic group Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture ( Simplified Chinese: 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 Pinyin: Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu is an Autonomous

The Nakhi of Lijiang play a type of song and dance suite called baisha xiyue, which was supposedly brought by Kublai Khan in 1253. The Nakhi ( endonym ¹na²khi) are an ethnic group inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas in the northwestern part of Yunnan Province For the river in Guangxi Province see Lijiang River. Other uses see Lijiang Lijiang City ( is a Prefecture-level city Baisha xiyue ( Chinese: 白沙细乐 literally "Baisha fine music" is one of the two surviving forms of traditional Music of the Naxi (also spelled Early years Kublai Khan studied Chinese culture and became enamoured of it Nakhi Dongjing is a type of music related to southern Chinese forms, and is popular today. Dongjing music ( 洞[[wikt 经|经]] 音乐; dòngjīng yīnyuè) or donjiang is a type of Chinese ritual music traditionally

Sichuan

Main article: Music of Sichuan

Sichuan is a province in southwest China. Sichuan is a Province of China which has a long history of both folk and classical music. ( Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in western China with its capital in Chengdu. Its capital city, Chengdu, is home to the only musical higher education institution in the region, the Sichuan Conservatory of Music. ( located in southwest People's Republic of China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a Sub-provincial city. The province has a long history of Sichuan opera. Sichuan opera or Chuanju (Chinese 川剧 Pinyin: chuānjù Jyutping: cyun1 kek6 is a type of Chinese opera originating in China

Manchuria

Main article: Music of Manchuria

Manchuria is a region in northeast China, inhabited by ethnic groups like the Manchu. Manchuria is a region of Northeast China, inhabited by the Manchu and other Ethnic groups There is a great variety of music in Manchuria with the Manchuria ( Romanized Manchu: Manju,, Маньчжурия Mongolian: Манж is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast Northeast China ( is a geographical region of China. It is separated from Russia largely by the Amur, Argun, and Ussuri rivers from The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in The most prominent folk instrument is the octagonal drum, while the youyouzha lullaby is also well-known. A lullaby is a soothing Song, usually sung to Children before they go to sleep

Xinjiang

Main article: Music of Xinjiang

Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is dominated by Uyghurs, a Turkic people related to others from Central Asia. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region is dominated by Uyghurs, a Turkic people related to others from Central Asia. Xinjiang ( Uyghur: شىنجاڭ Shinjang;; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang; Turkish: Sincan, Sincan Uygur Özerk The Turkic peoples are Eurasian peoples residing in northern central and western Eurasia who speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east and from southern Russia in the north to northern Pakistan in the south The Uyghurs' best-known musical form is the On Ikki Muqam, a complex suite of twelve sections related to Uzbek and Tajik forms. A muqam is the Melody type used in Uyghur music, that is a Musical mode and set of melodic formulas used to guide Improvisation and composition Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان‎ taajikestaan officially the Republic of These complex symphonies vary wildly between suites in the same muqam, and are built on a seven-note scale. Instruments typically include dap (a drum), dulcimers, fiddles and lutes; performers have some space for personal embellishments, especially in the percussion. The hammered dulcimer is a stringed Musical instrument with the strings stretched over a Trapezoidal sounding board Lute can refer generally to any plucked string instrument with a neck (either Fretted or unfretted and a deep round back or more specifically to an instrument from The most important performer is Turdi Akhun, who recorded most of the muqams in the 1950s.

Hua'er

Hua'er is a type of song

Kuaiban

Kuaiban is a type of rhythmic talking and singing which is often performed with percussive instruments such as hand clackers. Shange ( 山歌) is a genre of Chinese folk song They are commonly sung in rural provinces the word shange means "mountain song" The center of kuaiban tradition is Shandong province. Kuaiban bears some resemblance to rap and other forms of rhythmic music found in other cultures.

See also

• Asian Music Circuit
• Music of Hong Kong
• Music of Taiwan
• Culture of China
• World music

Notes

References

• Jones, Steven. "The East Is Red. . . And White"". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed. ), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 34-43. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1858286360.
• Lee, Joanna. "Cantopop and Protest Singers". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed. ), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 49-59. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1858286360.
• Lee Yuan-Yuan and Shen, Sinyan. Chinese Musical Instruments (Chinese Music Monograph Series). 1999. Chinese Music Society of North America Press. ISBN 1-880464039
• Rees, Helen with Zingrong, Zhang and Wei, Li. "Sounds of the Frontiers". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed. ), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 44-48. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1858286360.
• Shen, Sinyan. Chinese Music in the 20th Century (Chinese Music Monograph Series). 2001. Chinese Music Society of North America Press. ISBN 1880464047.
• Trewin, Mark. "Raising the Roof". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed. ), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 254-261. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 185828636025.

External links

• Listen to traditional Chinese music
• The Internet Chinese Music Archive
• Detailed Archive about Chinese Rock Music in English
• Donohoe's Shi Jing Ancient Book of Songs takes ancient Mandarin songs and puts them into a new light
• Detailed History of Rock in China
• (Japanese)中国古典テキストデータベース（中国思想史研究室） Archive of some Classical Chinese texts about Music theories.
• Chinese Music Videos Music videos from a range of Chinese musicians.

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