| Anglophone caribbean music | |
|---|---|
| Timeline and Samples | |
| Pop genres | Calypso - Chutney - Dancehall - Dub - Junkanoo - Ragga - Rapso - Reggae - Ripsaw - Rocksteady - Scratch - Ska - Soca - Spouge - Steelpan |
| Other islands | |
| Aruba and the Dutch Antilles - Cuba - Dominica - Dominican Republic - Haiti - Martinique and Guadeloupe - Puerto Rico - Saint Lucia | |
Bermuda is an Atlantic island and an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, often treated as part of the Caribbean music area. Music from the United Kingdom has lost great popularity since the 1960s when a wave of musicians helped to popularise Rock and roll. The Music of the Caribbean is a diverse grouping of Musical genres They are each syntheses of African European Indian and The music of Anguilla is part of the Lesser Antillean music area. The Caribbean state of Trinidad and Tobago is best known as the homeland of Calypso music, including 1950s stars Lord Kitchener and Mighty Sparrow The music of Jamaica includes Jamaican folk music and many popular genres such as Mento, Ska, Rocksteady, Reggae, Dub music Montserrat is a dependency of the United Kingdom. The influence of Irish traditions is apparent in Montserrat's symbols and heritage especially the Set dance -like The Music of The Bahamas is associated primarily with Junkanoo, a celebration which occurs on Boxing Day ( December 26) and again on Antigua and Barbuda is a Caribbean nation in the Lesser Antilles island chain The Turks and Caicos Islands are an overseas dependency of the United Kingdom. The music of Barbados includes distinctive national styles of folk and Popular music, as well as elements of Western classical and Religious The music of the Virgin Islands reflects long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists The Cayman Islands a Caribbean island chain is a Crown Colony of the United Kingdom. Saint Kitts and Nevis is an island nation in the Caribbean, known for a number of musical celebrations including Carnival ( December 17 to January 3 The music of the Virgin Islands reflects long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Caribbean island with thriving music scenes based on Big Drum, calypso, soca, Steelpan and also Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean Music which originated in Trinidad and Tobago at about the start of the 20th century Chutney music is a form of music indigenous to the southern Caribbean (primarily Trinidad & Tobago) which derives elements from soca and Indian Dancehall is a type of Jamaican Popular music which developed in the late 1970s initially as a more sparse and less political and religious variant of Reggae Dub is a form of music which evolved from Reggae in the late 1960s Junkanoo is a street Parade with music which occurs in many towns across The Bahamas every Boxing Day ( December 26) and New Year's Day Raggamuffin music, usually abbreviated as ragga, is a sub-genre of Dancehall music or Reggae, in which the instrumentation primarily consists Rapso is a form of Trinidadian music that grew out of the social unrest of the 1970s Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Ripsaw is a Musical genre which originated in the Turks and Caicos Islands, specifically in the Middle and North Caicos Rocksteady is a Music genre that was most popular in Jamaica, starting around 1966 and its Reggae successor was established around 1968 Fungi is the name given to the local Musical form of the British Virgin Islands. Ska ( pronounced /ska/ or in Jamaican Patois /skja/ is a Music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s and which was the precursor Soca is a form of Dance music that originated in Trinidad and Tobago from Calypso music. Spouge is a style of Barbadian popular music created by Jackie Opel in the 1960s Steelpans (also known as steeldrums or pans, and sometimes collectively with Musicians as a steelband) is a Musical instrument and The music of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba is a mixture of native African and European elements and is closely connected with trends from neighboring countries like Venezuela The Caribbean island of Cuba has developed a wide range of creolized musical styles based on its cultural origins in Europe and Africa The music of Dominica plays an important role in the social and culture life of the Antillean island of Dominica. The Dominican Republic is known primarily for Merengue, though Bachata and other forms are also popular The Music of Haiti is influenced most greatly by European colonial ties and African migration (through Slavery) The former French Colony of Martinique is a small island in the Caribbean. The Music of Puerto Rico has been influenced by the African, Taíno Indians and the Spanish, and has become very popular across Saint Lucia, an island in the Caribbean, is home to many vibrant oral and folk traditions Ba (officially The Bermuda Islands or The Somers Isles) is a British overseas territory in the North Atlantic Ocean. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Music of the Caribbean is a diverse grouping of Musical genres They are each syntheses of African European Indian and A cultural area or culture area is a Region ( Area) with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities ( Culture Its musical output includes pop singers Heather Nova and Eddie DeMello, the latter of whom also owns a music shop in Hamilton, Bermuda. Heather Nova, (born Heather Allison Frith, on July 6, 1967 in Bermuda) is a Singer-songwriter and poet Hamilton is the Capital of Bermuda. Although there is a parish of the same name, the city of Hamilton is in the parish of Pembroke. Collie Buddz has also gained international success with reggae hits in the US, UK, and Canada. Collie Buddz (born Colin Harper August 21, 1981 in New Orleans Louisiana) is a Reggae and Dancehall artist from Bermuda
The island's musical traditions also include steelpan, calypso, choral music, as well as an array of bagpipe music played by descendants of Irish and Scottish settlers; the biggest bagpipe band on modern Bermuda is the Bermuda Islands Pipe Band. Steelpans (also known as steeldrums or pans, and sometimes collectively with Musicians as a steelband) is a Musical instrument and Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean Music which originated in Trinidad and Tobago at about the start of the 20th century For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers Bagpipes are a class of Musical instrument, Aerophones using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag Bermuda is also the home of one of the most popular Caribbean music groups in the United States, the Bermuda Strollers. [1]
The islands are also home to gombay dancers, reggae, gospel music, drum majorette bands, jazz and other styles. This is a list of Membranophones used in the Caribbean music area, including the islands of the Caribbean Sea, as well as the musics Reggae is a Music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s Gospel music is Music that is written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life as well as (in terms of the varying music styles to Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States
Contents |
Folk music
Bermuda is home to several folk traditions, including pipe bands, the gombey dance and a ballad song.
Gombey
The gombey dance is an iconic symbol of Bermudan culture. It mixes elements of British, West African and indigenous New World cultures. Dancers are usually male, and perform in groups of 10-30[2] in wild masquerade costumes with brilliant colors and odd angles, meant to evoke the plumage of tropical birds; they are sometimes based on Bible verses. Gombey dances are taught orally, through family members. The dances are energetic, and grow swifter gradually, while the spectators become more wild and energetic. The gombey tradition is at its liveliest during the Christmas season, and is also performed during Boxing Day, Easter, New Year's Day, football and cricket matches and other festivals and celebrations. Boxing Day is a public holiday in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand and Australia, as well as many other members of the Commonwealth Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. New Year's Day is the first day of the Year. On the modern Gregorian calendar, it is celebrated on January 1, as it was also in ancient Rome (though Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Cricket is a bat-and-ball team Sport that originated in England and is now played in more than 100 countries [3]
The word gombey is related to the Bahamian goombay, a similar dance tradition. Goombay is a form of Bahamian music and a drum used to create it It also refers to a specific drum of African origin, and may be related to a Bantu word for rhythm. Rhythm (from Greek ῥυθμός - rhythmos, "any measured flow or movement symmetry" is the variation of the length and accentuation of In addition to the Bahamian goombay tradition, gombey is similar to some other Afro-Caribbean styles and celebrations (such as the Mummers). Afro-Caribbeans brought to Bermuda as slaves or convicts during colonial times introduced other Caribbean traditions. The modern Bermudan gombey is distinguished by the use of the snare drum (generally in pairs), derived from the British use of the instrument. The snare drum is a Drum with strands of snares made of curled metal wire metal cable plastic cable or gut cords stretched across the a drumhead typically [3] In addition, a kettle drum, a fife are integral parts of gombey accompaniment. Timpani (also known colloquially as kettledrums or kettle drums) are Musical instruments in the percussion family Fife ( Gaelic: Fìobha) is a Council area of Scotland, situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland [2]
Ballad
Bermuda's ballad tradition has declined in the 20th and 21st century, though it remains popular among a devoted subculture on the island. The Bermudan ballad is characterized by "wry, self-deprecating humor", often improvised, and concerned with the rapid change of Bermudan culture. [3]
The most famous Bermudan balladeer is Hubert Smith, a popular local composer who performed for many visiting royalty and foreign heads of state. He is also the composer of "Bermuda Is Another World", an unofficial anthem for the island. [3]
Bagpipe music
Bermuda has a strong Scottish and Irish cultural presence, and is home to well-known bagpipe bands that draw on those traditions, especially the Bermuda Islands Pipe Band. Bagpipes are a class of Musical instrument, Aerophones using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag The bagpipe tradition was brought to Bermuda by Scottish and Irish soldiers from the 18th to the 20th centuries. [1]
There were, until relatively recently, two major bagpipe bands in Bermuda, the Bermuda Cadets Pipe Band and the Bermuda Police Pipe Band. Both bands formed in 1955 and disbanded in 1992, the same year the Bermuda Islands Pipe Band was formed. Other historically important bagpipe bands include the Salvation Army Young People's Band, which dates back to the 1930s. [1]
Choirs
Religious choir singing is also popular on Bermuda. Well-known choirs include the Roman Catholic Diocesan Choir, as well as the non-church choirs Philharmonic Choir and Post Office Choir. [1]
Calypso
Calypso first became a part of Bermuda music in the 1940s and 50s. It was imported from Trinidad and Tobago. The Talbot Brothers were the island's first major calypsonians; they organized as a group in 1942, and began touring the United States by the early 1950s. A calypsonian is a Musician, usually from Trinidad, who has studied calypso and memorised its traditional tunes and stanzas [4]
Norman Luboff followed in the footsteps of Jamaican-American calypso singer Harry Belafonte in popularizing Trinidadian calypso. Norman Luboff ( May 14, 1917 - September 22, 1987) was an American music arranger Jamaica (ˈdʒəˈmeɪkə} is an Island nation of the Greater Antilles, in length and as much as in width situated in the Caribbean Sea. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Calypso is a style of Afro-Caribbean Music which originated in Trinidad and Tobago at about the start of the 20th century Harold George Belafonte Jr (born March 1 1927 is an American musician actor and Social activist. Trinidad ( Spanish: " Trinity " is the largest and most populous of the two major islands and Luboff de-emphasized the saucy, ribald side of calypso and created a popular form that appealed to the masses. His signature song is "Yellow Bird". [1]
Steelpan
Steelpan music was invented in the late 1930s Trinidad, and was brought to Bermuda by a number of groups, including the Esso Steel Band, who moved to Bermuda in the 1950s. Steelpans (also known as steeldrums or pans, and sometimes collectively with Musicians as a steelband) is a Musical instrument and The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. Trinidad ( Spanish: " Trinity " is the largest and most populous of the two major islands and Esso became known for arranging Western classical music for the steelpan. Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music In the 1960s, local choral traditions were merged with calypso and steelpan to create a distinctively Bermudian style. [1]
Music institutions
Bermuda is home to the Bermuda Ballet Association, which was founded by Patricia Gray in 1962, with support from Ana Roje. Other music institutions include the Bermuda National Youth Jazz Ensemble and the Bermuda Philharmonic Orchestra. There is also a Bermuda Folk Club. [1] There is a Portuguese Cultural Association which promotes the culture of the large Portuguese population on Bermuda, especially tradition folk dances of the Azores. The Azores ( Açores ɐˈsoɾɨʃ or) is a Portuguese Archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1500 km (950 mi) from [5]
The Bermuda Philharmonic conductor is Gary Burgess, a former opera singer. Conducting is the act of directing a Musical performance by way of visible gestures Bermuda has also produced notable classical musicians in Marcelle Clamens, an opera singer, mezzo-soprano Jane Farge, pianists Peter Carpenter and Karol Sue Reddington, and Joyce Mary Helen DeShield. This article is related to a series of articles under the main article Voice type. [1]
References
- Bermuda's Music and Dance. Bermuda Online. Retrieved on May 27, 2006.
- Bermuda: In Depth: Music. Frommers. Retrieved on June 24, 2006.
Further reading
- Louise A. Jackson. The Bermuda Gombey: Bermuda's Unique Dance Heritage.
- Judith Watson. Bermuda: Traditions and Tastes.
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h Bermuda Online
- ^ a b Roots of an African American Christmas
- ^ a b c d Frommers
- ^ Bermuda. Calypso World. Retrieved on June 23, 2006.
- ^ Bermuda Traditions and their sources. Bermuda Online. Retrieved on June 23, 2006.
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