A Mushir (Arabic: مشير) (Marshal) is the highest rank in most militaries of the Middle East. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Marshal (also sometimes spelled marshall in American English, but not in British English) is a word used in several official titles of various branches The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. It is the equivalent to the ranks of General of the Army, Field Marshal, and Fleet Admiral. General of the Army is a military rank used in some countries to denote a senior military leader usually a General in command of a nation's Army. For other meanings see Field Marshal (disambiguation Field marshal is a military officer rank An Admiral of the Fleet or Fleet Admiral is a military Naval officer of the highest rank

The term "mushir" essentially means "one who directs. "

Contents 1 Iraq 2 Egypt 3 Saudi Arabia 4 References

Iraq

In Iraq, during the reign of Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi Navy maintained a Fleet Admiral rank known as Mushir. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic: ar صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي --> April 28 1937 &ndash December 30 A Mushir was the senior of all Naval officers and the rank was rarely bestowed. The sleeve insignia was the same as a British Admiral of the Fleet. Admiral of the Fleet is a rank of the British Royal Navy and other navies equating to the NATO rank code OF-10 However the rank of Mushir in Iraq is known as "Muhib" & the latter is used in all official & non-official addressing. Saddam Hussein, being the commander in chief of the armed forces was an honorary staff muhib"مهيب ركن" in the Iraqi Army and the uniform which he typically wore was that of a staff muhib. He was the only muhib in the Iraqi army as the minister of defence & the chief of staff held the rank of Fariq awal rukun"فريق اول ركن"ie, staff general. Hussein, however, never actually served in the Iraqi Army but commanded by default as the country's dictator. After his fall in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the rank of Mushir became obsolete in the new Iraqi military. The 2003 invasion of Iraq, from March 20 to May 1 2003 was spearheaded by the United States, backed by British forces and smaller contingents from Australia

Egypt

The rank of Mushir also exists in Egypt. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. The rank is traditionally reserved to the commander-in-chief (the minister of defence and military production), and the supreme commander of the Egyptian Armed Forces (the President of Egypt) during war time. The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the elected Head of State of Egypt. Late President Gamal Abdel Nasser simply held the rank of Colonel and never bestowed upon himself the supreme rank of Mushir. Gamal Abdel Nasser (جمال عبد الناصر Gamāl ‘Abd an-Nāṣir; - January 15 1918 September 28 1970) was the second President Colonel ( RP ˈkɜnəl GA ˈkɜrnəl is a Military rank of a Commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country Late President Muhammad Naguib kept his rank of major general. President is a Title leaders of Organizations companies, Trade unions universities, and countries. Muhammad Naguib (محمد نجيب) (born 20 February, 1901 &ndash 29 August, 1984) was the first President of Egypt, serving Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Late President Sadat bestowed upon himself the supreme rank of Mushir in connection with and after the October War. The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War or October War (מלחמת יום הכיפורים transliterated: Milkhemet Yom HaKipurim or מלחמת יום The last held rank of the present President of Egypt, Hosni Mubarak, is Air Chief Marshal. Air Chief Marshal ( Air Chf Mshl or ACM) is a senior Air officer rank which originated in and continues to be used by the Royal Air Force (RAF When he became president of Egypt, he chose not to remain active in the Armed Forces of Egypt.

See also: List of Egyptian Field Marshals

Saudi Arabia

In Saudi Arabia, the rank of Mushir is typically held ceremonially by the Saudi Royal Family , and translated as "First class Field Marshal". This is a list of the officers who have held the rank of Field Marshal or Marshal. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi The House of Saud ( Arabic: آل سعود romanized Āl Suʿūd is the Royal family of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

References

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