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Muridae
Fossil range: Early Miocene - Recent
Black Rat (Rattus rattus)
Black Rat (Rattus rattus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Superfamily: Muroidea
Family: Muridae
Illiger, 1811
Subfamilies

Deomyinae
Gerbillinae
Lophiomyinae
Leimacomyinae
Murinae

Muridae is the largest family of mammals. The Miocene is a geological epoch of the Neogene period and extends from about 23 Chordates ( Phylum Chordata) are a group of Animals that includes the Vertebrates together with several closely related Invertebrates Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands Rodentia is an order of Mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously-growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must Muroidea is a large Superfamily of Rodents It includes Hamsters Gerbils true mice and Rats and many other relatives Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger ( November 19, 1775 - May 1813 was a German Entomologist and Zoologist. In Biological classification, family ( Latin The Subfamily Deomyinae consists of four genera of Mouse -like Rodents that were placed in the subfamilies Murinae and Dendromurinae A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia Once known simply as " desert rats " the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African The Maned Rat (or Crested Rat, as it is sometimes known ( Lophiomys imhausi) is a nocturnal long-haired and bushy-tailed East African Rodent The Togo Mouse, also known as Büttner's African Forest Mouse or the Groove-toothed Forest Mouse ( Leimacomys buettneri) is a unique Muroid rodent The Old World rats and mice, part of the Subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands It contains over 600 species found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. They have been introduced worldwide. The group includes true mice and rats, gerbils, and relatives. A mouse (plural mice) is a small Animal that belongs to one Rats are various medium sized long-tailed Rodents of the superfamily Muroidea A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia Once known simply as " desert rats " the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African

The family name Muridae is sometimes used in a broader sense to include all members of the superfamily Muroidea. Muroidea is a large Superfamily of Rodents It includes Hamsters Gerbils true mice and Rats and many other relatives

Contents

Characteristics

The murids are small mammals, typically around 10 cm long excluding the tail, but ranging from 4. The tail is the section at the rear end of an Animal 's Body; in general the term refers to a distinct flexible Appendage to the Torso. 5 to 8 cm in the Pygmy Mouse to 48 cm in Cuming's Slender-tailed Cloud Rat. The African Pygmy Mouse, ( Mus minutoides) is possibly the smallest of all Rodents and one of the smallest Mammals It is widespread within sub-Saharan UserPolbot. -->The Southern Giant Slender-tailed Cloud Rat or Southern Luzon Giant Cloud Rat ( Phloeomys cumingi They typically have a slender body with a scaled tail, and pointed snouts with prominent whiskers. However, within these broad traits, there is a wide degree of variation. Many murids have elongated legs and feet allowing them to move with a hopping motion, while others have broad feet and prehensile tails to improve their climbing ability, and yet others have neither adaptation. Prehensility or Prehensile is the quality of an Appendage or organ that has adapted for grasping or holding They are most commonly some shade of brown in colour, although many have black, grey, or white markings[1].

Murids generally have excellent senses of hearing and smell. Olfaction (also known as olfactics or smell) refers to the Sense of smell. They live in a wide range of habitats from forest to grassland, and mountain ranges. A forest is an area with a high density of Trees There are many definitions of a forest based on various criteria Grasslands (also called greenswards) are areas where the Vegetation is dominated by Grasses ( Poaceae) and other Herbaceous (non-woody A mountain is a Landform that extends above the surrounding Terrain in a limited area with a peak A number of species, especially the gerbils, are adapted to arid desert conditions, and can survive for a long time with minimal water. A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia Once known simply as " desert rats " the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African A desert is a Landscape or region that receives very little precipitation. Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life. They are either herbivores or omnivores, eating a wide range of foods in different species, with the aid of powerful jaw muscles and gnawing incisors that grow throughout life. Herbivory is a form of Predation in which an Organism, known as a herbivore, consumes principally Autotrophs ref name=Campbell>Campbell Omnivores (from Latin omne all everything vorare to devour are species that eat both Plants and Animals as their primary In human anatomy the masseter is one of the Muscles of mastication. Incisors (from Latin incidere, "to cut" are the first kind of Tooth in Heterodont Mammals They are located in the Premaxilla The dental formula of mice is:

1. Dentition is the development of Teeth and their arrangement in the Mouth. 0. 0. 1-3
1. 0. 0. 1-3

Murids breed frequently, often producing large litters several times per year. They typically give birth between 20 and 40 days after mating, although this varies greatly between species. The young are typically born blind, hairless, and helpless, although there are exceptions, such as the spiny mice[1]. The term spiny mouse refers to any Species of Rodent within the Genus Acomys.

Evolution

As with many other small mammals, the evolutionary history of the murids is not well known, as few fossils survive. eVolution is the third Album by eLDee, it was due to be released in 2008 FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. They probably evolved from hamster-like animals in tropical Asia some time in the early Miocene, and to have only subsequently produced species capable of surviving in cooler climes. Hamsters are Rodents belonging to the Subfamily Cricetinae. The subfamily contains about 18 Species, classified in six or seven genera The Miocene is a geological epoch of the Neogene period and extends from about 23 They have become especially common worldwide during the Holocene, as a result of hitching a ride with human migrations[2]. The Holocene is a Geological epoch which began approximately 10000 years ago (about 8000 BC

Classification

The Murids are classified in 4 subfamilies, around 140 genera and approximately 650 species. In Biological classification, family ( Latin A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank.

Subfamilies

References

  1. ^ a b Berry, R. The Subfamily Deomyinae consists of four genera of Mouse -like Rodents that were placed in the subfamilies Murinae and Dendromurinae A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia Once known simply as " desert rats " the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African A gerbil is a small mammal of the order Rodentia Once known simply as " desert rats " the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African The Togo Mouse, also known as Büttner's African Forest Mouse or the Groove-toothed Forest Mouse ( Leimacomys buettneri) is a unique Muroid rodent The Togo Mouse, also known as Büttner's African Forest Mouse or the Groove-toothed Forest Mouse ( Leimacomys buettneri) is a unique Muroid rodent The Maned Rat (or Crested Rat, as it is sometimes known ( Lophiomys imhausi) is a nocturnal long-haired and bushy-tailed East African Rodent The Maned Rat (or Crested Rat, as it is sometimes known ( Lophiomys imhausi) is a nocturnal long-haired and bushy-tailed East African Rodent The Old World rats and mice, part of the Subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species Rats are various medium sized long-tailed Rodents of the superfamily Muroidea African vlei rats are also known as groove-toothed rats and live in many areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. J. & Årgren, G. (1984). in Macdonald, D. : The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 658-663 & 674-677. ISBN 0-87196-871-1.  
  2. ^ Savage, RJG, & Long, MR (1986). Mammal Evolution: an illustrated guide. New York: Facts on File, 124. ISBN 0-8160-1194-X.  
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