Part of a series on the Twelve Imams Imam Muhammad al-Taqi
A modern depiction
Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Musa
The Ninth Imam
Kunya	Abu Ja'far
Birth	10th Rajab 195 AH ≈ 12 April 811 C.E.
Death	29th Dhu al-Qi'dah 220 AH ≈ 27 November 835 C.E.
Birthplace	Medina
Buried	Kazimain
Life Duration	Before Imamate: 7 years (??? - ??? AH) Imamate: 17 years (??? - ??? AH)
Titles	al-Taqi (Arabic:) al-Jawad (Arabic: Generous) Dokuzuncu Ali (Turkish: Ninth Ali)
Father	Ali al-Rida
Mother	Khaizuran
Children	Ali al-Hadi (successor)
Ali · Hasan · Husayn al-Sajjad · al-Baqir · al-Sadiq al-Kadhim · al-Rida · al-Taqi al-Hadi · al-Askari · al-Mahdi

Muhammad al-Taqi or Muhammad al-Jawad (Arabic: الإمام محمد الجواد) (Tenth of Rajab, 195 AH - Twenty-Ninth of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 220AH) (Approximately: April 12, 811 AD - November 27, 835 AD) was the ninth Shia Imam in the Twelver tradition. Kunya can refer to Kunya (Arabic an honorific in Arabic names Kunya Urgench, a town in Turkmenistan Kunya River Rajab ( Arabic: ar رجب is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ An approximation (represented by the symbol ≈ is an inexact representation of something that is still close enough to be useful Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. For the Telephone number N11 code see 8-1-1. Events By Place Byzantine Empire July 26 — Dhu al-Qi'dah (ar ذو القعدة is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ An approximation (represented by the symbol ≈ is an inexact representation of something that is still close enough to be useful Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Events By Place Europe Ragnar Lodbrok rises to power (approximate date Medina mɛˈdiːnə (المدينة المنورة ælmæˈdiːnæl muˈnɑwːɑrɑ or المدينة ælmæˈdiːnæ also transliterated into English as al-Kāżimiyyah (الكاظمية al-Kāżimiyyah; alternatively الكاظمين al-Kāżimayn) is a town located in what is now a northern neighbourhood of The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar ( Arabic: التقويم الهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī; Persian: تقویم هجری قمری ‎ Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( علي بن موسى الرضا) (Commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha Ali Reza (Eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH – Seventeenth of Imam Ali al-Hadi (الإمام علي الهادي also known as Imam Ali al-Naqi ( September 8, 828 &ndash July 1, 868) was ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (a=علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب|t=ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 13th Rajab, 24 BH – 21st Ramaḍān, 40 AH Hasan ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib ( ar الحسن بن علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب)‎ (Fifteenth of Ramadhān, 3 AH – Seventh or Twenty-eighth of Safar Ḥusayn ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar حسين بن علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب)‎ (third of Shaban 4 AH / 8th January 626 AD at Medina ‘Alī ibn Ḥusayn (Arabic علي بن حسين) (approximately 6 January 659 - 20 October 712 is a great-grandson of Muhammad as well as the fourth Muḥammad ibn ‘Alī al-Baqir (محمد ابن علي الباقر) (676-743 AD or 1 Rajab 57 AH – 7 Dhu al-Hijjah 114 AH was the Fifth Imām Jaʿfar al-Sadiq (702-765 in accurate transliteration Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq Arabic: جعفر الصادق in full Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Husayn Mūsá ibn Ja‘far ibn Muḥammad al-Kāżim (الإمام موسى الكاظم‎ ( October 28, 746 AD - September 1, 799 / Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( علي بن موسى الرضا) (Commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha Ali Reza (Eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH – Seventeenth of Imam Ali al-Hadi (الإمام علي الهادي also known as Imam Ali al-Naqi ( September 8, 828 &ndash July 1, 868) was Hasan al- Askari (الإمام الحسن بن علي العسكري (Eighth of Rabi' al-thani 232 AH – Eighth of Rabi' al-awwal 260 AH According to Twelver Shi'as Imam Hujjat al-Mahdī ( ar المهدى) (or Hujjat ibn Hasan ibn Ali is the twelfth Imam and the Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Rajab ( Arabic: ar رجب is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. Dhu al-Qi'dah (ar ذو القعدة is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. For the Telephone number N11 code see 8-1-1. Events By Place Byzantine Empire July 26 — Events 1095 - Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont Events By Place Europe Ragnar Lodbrok rises to power (approximate date Imāmah (إمامة is the Shī‘ah doctrine of religious spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. See also Shi'a Islam Twelver Shi'ism ( ar اثنا عشرية Ithnāˤashariyyah) is the largest branch of Shi'a branch of Islam His given name was Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Musa, and he was also known by the title al-Jawad (the generous). 'Al-Taqi' and 'al-Jawad' are the most renowned of many titles applied to him.

Contents 1 Birth and family life 2 Early maturity 3 Marriage and lifestyle during Abbasid rule 4 Death 5 See also 6 Notes 7 External links

Birth and family life

He was born on the tenth of Rajab, 195 AH. Rajab ( Arabic: ar رجب is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar. His mother was Khaizaran, a woman from the family of Maria al-Qibtiyya. Maria al-Qibtiyya (مارية القبطية (alternatively " Maria Qupthiya " or Maria the Copt, (died 637 was a Coptic Christian slave who

Hakima, the sister of Ali ar Rida, is reported saying that on the night of al-Taqi’s birth her brother advised her to be present beside his wife. Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( علي بن موسى الرضا) (Commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha Ali Reza (Eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH – Seventeenth of According to legend, al-Taqi at his birth looked at the sky and uttered confirmation of the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad.

Early maturity

He undertook the responsibility of Imamate at the age of nine years.

He was a child when his father was killed. By reports, he did not act upon childish or whimsical impulses and he accepted adult responsibility and behaviours at an early age. Shi'a writers have propagated claims about his possession of extraordinary knowledge at a young age by likening his circumstances to that of the Islamic tradition of Jesus - a figure called to leadership and prophetic mission while still a child. Etymology The Anglicized name of Jesus is derived from the Latin Iēsus, which in turn comes from the Greek (Iēsoûs ^[1]

According to Twelver Shi’ah Islam, the Imams are perfectly able to give judgment on all matters of religious law and their judgment is always legally correct. To that end al-Taqi supposedly receive a miraculous transfer of knowledge at the moment of the death of the previous Imam^[2] To that end it is reported, for example, that during his time in Baghdad he performed creditably in a public debate with one of the leading scholars of the city.

Marriage and lifestyle during Abbasid rule

After Al-Ma'mun had poisoned Ali al-Raza to death he endeavored to show that the death had come by a natural cause. Al-Ma'mun also brought al-Taqi from Medina to Baghdad with the plan of marrying him to his daughter, Umul Fazal. Medina mɛˈdiːnə (المدينة المنورة ælmæˈdiːnæl muˈnɑwːɑrɑ or المدينة ælmæˈdiːnæ also transliterated into English as Although the Abbasids made strenuous attempts to forestall it, the marriage was duly solemnised.

After living in Baghdad for eight years, al-Taqi and Umul returned to Medina. There he found his relationship with his wife strained and upon the death of al-Ma'mun in 833 his fortunes deteriorated. The successor to his father-in-law was Al-Mu'tasim. Abu Ishaq al-Mu'tasim ibn Harun (أبو إسحاق المعتصم بن هارون ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Muʿtaṣim ibn Hārūn 794 &ndash January 5, 842) was an With the new Abbasid ruler in power al-Taqi was no longer protected and his interests and position were imperilled by the dislike that al-Mu'tasim had for him.

In 835, al-Mu'tasim called al-Taqi back to Baghdad. The latter left his son Ali al-Hadi (the tenth Shi’ah Imam) with Somaneh (the mother of Ali al-Hadi) in Medina and set out for Baghdad. Imam Ali al-Hadi (الإمام علي الهادي also known as Imam Ali al-Naqi ( September 8, 828 &ndash July 1, 868) was He resided there for one more year, becoming a well known scholar and popular in debates.

Death

There are various accounts of the circumstances of his death.

Ibn Sheher Ashoob records ^[3] that Al-Mu'tasim encouraged Umul Fazal to murder him. Abu Ishaq al-Mu'tasim ibn Harun (أبو إسحاق المعتصم بن هارون ʾAbū ʾIsḥāq al-Muʿtaṣim ibn Hārūn 794 &ndash January 5, 842) was an She duly poisoned him to death on the twenty-ninth of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 220 Hijra (the 26th year after his birth). Dhu al-Qi'dah (ar ذو القعدة is the eleventh month in the Islamic calendar. The Hijra (هِجْرَة or withdrawal is the migration of Muhammad and his followers to the city of Medina in 622 ( Common Era)

He is buried in the graveyard of Quraish beside the grave of his grandfather Musa al-Kazim (the seventh Shi’ah Imam) in Baghdad. Mūsá ibn Ja‘far ibn Muḥammad al-Kāżim (الإمام موسى الكاظم‎ ( October 28, 746 AD - September 1, 799 / The tomb housing both graves is known as Kazmain - a popular site for visitation and pilgrimage by Shi’a muslims.

See also

• Muhammad
• Ali ibn Abu Talib
• Hassan ibn Ali
• Hussain ibn Ali
• Ali ibn Hussain
• Muhammad al Baqir
• Jafar as Sadiq
• Ali ar Rida
• Ali al Hadi
• Hasan al Askari
• Muhammad al Mahdi

Notes

External links

• The Ninth Imam
• Imam al-Jawwad

Preceded by Ali ar-Rida

Twelver Shia Imam 818–835

Succeeded by Ali al-Hadi

Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( علي بن موسى الرضا) (Commonly known as Ali ar-Ridha Ali Reza (Eleventh of Dhu al-Qi'dah, 148 AH – Seventeenth of Imāmah (إمامة is the Shī‘ah doctrine of religious spiritual and political leadership of the Ummah. Imam Ali al-Hadi (الإمام علي الهادي also known as Imam Ali al-Naqi ( September 8, 828 &ndash July 1, 868) was

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