Citizendia

Mrinal Sen
মৃনাল সেন

Mrinal Sen
BornMay 14, 1923 (1923-05-14) (age 85)
Faridpur, East Bengal, British India

Mrinal Sen (Bengali: মৃনাল সেন, also spelled Mrinal Shen) is a famous Bengali Indian filmmaker. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. East Bengal ( Bengali: পূর্ববঙ্গ Purbobôngo) was the name used during two periods in the 20th century for a territory that roughly corresponded For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British Etymology and ethnology The exact origin of the word Bangla or Bengal is unknown though it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country He was born on (May 14, 1923) , in the town of Faridpur, now in Bangladesh. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the Year 1923 ( MCMXXIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশ inc-Latn Bangladesh) officially After finishing his high school there, he left home to come to Calcutta as a student and studied physics at the Scottish Church College and at the University of Calcutta. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. The Scottish Church College, which is located at 1 & 3 Urquhart Square Calcutta 700006 is the oldest continuing Missionary administered liberal arts and sciences college Formally established on the 24 January 1857, the University of Calcutta (also known as Calcutta University) (কলকাতা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় As a student, he got involved with the cultural wing of the Communist party . The Communist Party of India (CPI is a Political party in India. Although he never became a member of the party, his association with the socialist Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA ) brought him close to a number of like-minded culturally associated people. Indian People’s Theatre Association ( IPTA) was an association of theatre-artists and others based in Kolkata

Contents

Early life

His interest in films started after he stumbled upon a book on film aesthetics. However his interest remained mostly intellectual, and he was forced to take up the job of a medical representative, which took him away from Calcutta. This did not last very long, and he came back to the city and eventually took a job of an audio technician in a Calcutta film studio, which eventually launched his film carrier.

His directorial debut

Mrinal Sen made his first feature film, Raatbhor, in 1955. His next film, Neel Akasher Neechey (Under the Blue Sky), earned him local recognition, while his third film, Baishey Shravan (Wedding Day) was his first film that gave him international exposure. Neel Akasher Neechey ( Bengali: নীল আকাশের নীচে Nil akasher niche, "Under the Blue Sky" is a 1959 Bengali

Sen and New Cinema in India

After making five more films, he made a film with a shoe-string budget provided by the Government of India. This film, Bhuvan Shome (Mr. Shome), finally launched him as a major filmmaker, both nationally and internationally. Bhuvan Shome also initiated the “New Cinema” film movement in India.

Social context and its political influence

The films that he made next were overtly political, and earned him the reputation as a Marxist artist. Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. This was also the time of large-scale political unrest throughout India. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Particularly in and around Calcutta, this period underwent what is now known as the Naxalite movement. Naxalite or Naxalism is an informal name given to Communist groups that were born out of the Sino-Soviet split in the Indian communist movement This phase was immediately followed by a series of films where he shifted his focus, and instead of looking for enemies outside, he looked for the enemy within his own middle class society. The middle class, in colloquial usage consists of those who have some economic independence but not a great deal of social Influence or power. This was arguably his most creative phase.

Experimentation, recognition and acclaim

During this period, he won a large number of international awards. It could be argued that although his films show the development of ideas from Marxism, existentialism, surrealism, German expressionism , French Nouvelle Vague and Italian neorealism, in their stylistic nuances, these films often parallel the cinema of Woody Allen. Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Existentialism is a philosophical doctrine which posits that individuals create the meaning and essence of their lives and that this essence follows from their existence Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early-1920s and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members German Expressionism is the term used to refer to a number of related creative movements which emerged in Germany before the first world war which reached a peak in Berlin This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. "Nouvelle Vague" redirects here For the music group of the same name see Nouvelle Vague (band. Italian neorealism is a style of film characterized by stories set amongst the poor and Working class, filmed on location frequently using nonprofessional Actors Woody Allen (born Allan Stewart Konigsberg; December 1 1935 is an American Film director, Writer, Actor, Comedian, and Like Allen's cinema, Sen's cinema for the most, do not provide a happy ending or a definitive conclusion (unlike many of the films of Sen's better known contemporary Satyajit Ray). Satyajit Ray (সত্যজিত রায় or সত্যজিৎ রায়) (2 May 1921–23 April 1992 was a Bengali Indian Filmmaker. In many of Sen's later films, the audience becomes a participant in the process of the development of the plot. The director invites and provokes the audience into a shared process of forming multiple conclusions, that are at the same time unique and different. The director does not play the role of god, his audience does. It is not really surprising that unlike Allen who has a steady niche audience in the Western literati and aficionados, Sen's experimentation with parallel cinema had significantly cost him much of a devoted audience composing of largely the Calcutta based westernized intelligentsia.

Mrinal Sen never stopped experimenting with his medium. In his later films he tried to move away from the narrative structure and worked with very thin story lines. After a long gap of eight years, at the age of eighty, he made his latest film, Aamar Bhuban, in 2002.

During his career, Mrinal Sen’s film have received awards from almost all major film festivals, including (Cannes, Berlin, Venice, Moscow, Karlovy Vary, Montreal, Chicago, and Cairo). The Cannes Film Festival (le Festival de Cannes founded in 1946 is one of the world's oldest most influential and prestigious Film festivals alongside Venice, Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Karlovy Vary ( pronounced, Karlsbad also known in English as Carlsbad) is a spa city situated in western Bohemia, Czech Republic Montreal, or Montréal in French ( pronounced in French, in English) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Quebec Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. Cairo () which means "the Vanquisher" or "the Triumphant" is the capital and largest city of Egypt. Retrospectives of his films have been shown in almost all major cities of the world. He has also received a number of honorary doctorate degrees (D.Litt Honoris Causa) from various universities, both in India and abroad. Doctor of Letters ( Latin: Litterarum doctor; DLitt; or Litt D Mrinal Sen was also elected as the president of the International Federation of the Film Societies.

State honours

He is also the recipient of many state-awarded honors.

Trivia

Filmography

Feature Films

Short Films

Documentaries

Films on Mrinal Sen

External links

Khandhar (translation "The Ruins" is a 1984 hindi movie directed by Mrinal Sen. Genesis is a 1986 Hindi-language movie directed by Mrinal Sen. Ek Din Achanak ( Hindi: एक दिन अचानक, English: Suddenly One Day) is a 1989 Art film directed by Mrinal
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