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View of Mt. of Olives
View of Mt. of Olives

The Mount of Olives (also Mount Olivet, Arabic: جبل الزيتون, الطور‎, Jebel az-Zeitun, Jebel at-Tur, "Mount of the Summit" Hebrew: הר הזיתים‎, Har HaZeitim;) is a mountain ridge to the east of Jerusalem. Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the It is named for the olive groves on its slopes and is associated with many religious traditions. The Olive ( Olea europaea) is a Species of small Tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern

At the foot of the mountain lies the Garden of Gethsemane. Gethsemane ( Greek ΓεσΘημανι Gesthēmani ' Hebrew: גת שמנים, from Aramaic גת שמנא Gat Šmānê, lit In the Book of Zechariah, the Mount of Olives is cited as the place where the dead will be resurrected in the days of the Messiah. The Book of Zechariah is a book of the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh attributed to the Prophet Zechariah. For this reason, Jews have always sought to be buried there, and from biblical times until today, the mountain has been used as a Jewish cemetery. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ A cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried. There are an estimated 150,000 graves on the Mount, including the tombs of biblical figures such as Zechariah and Avshalom (Absalom). Zechariah was a person in the Hebrew Bible ( Jewish Tanakh and Christian Old Testament) Absalom or Avshalom (אַבְשָלוֹם "Father/Leader of/is peace" or "Salem is my Father" Standard Hebrew Avšalom Many important rabbis from the 15th to the 20th centuries are buried there, among them Abraham Isaac Kook, the first Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israel. Rabbi (pronunciation, although in English usually) in Judaism, means a religious ‘teacher’ or more literally ‘my great one’ when addressing any master The twentieth century of the Common Era began on Abraham Isaac Kook (1865–1935 was the first Ashkenazi Chief rabbi of the British Mandate for Palestine, the founder of the Religious Zionist Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim ( Hebrew: אַשְׁכֲּנָזִים, ˌaʃkəˈnazim sing For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Israeli prime minister Menachem Begin is buried on the Mount of Olives. (מְנַחֵם בְּגִין Mieczysław Biegun Менахем Вольфович Бегин 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992 was the sixth prime minister of the State of Israel

Image:Israel 4 011.Cemetery of Jerusalem with view to the City with Moshee2.jpg
Vandalized ancient tombstones on Mt. of Olives

Roman soldiers from the 10th Legion camped on the Mount during the Siege of Jerusalem in the year 70 AD, which led to the destruction of the city. The Roman army was a set of military forces employed by the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and later Roman Empire as part of the Roman military Legio X Fretensis (Latin "Tenth legion of the sea strait " was a Roman legion levied by Augustus in 41 / 40 BC The Siege of Jerusalem in the year 70 AD It was a decisive event in the First Jewish-Roman War, followed by the fall of Masada in 73 Year 70 was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar.

When the Mount of Olives was controlled by Jordan between the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and 1967, tombstones from the cemetery were used to build roads and army latrines. The West Bank and East Jerusalem were occupied by Jordan (formerly Transjordan) for a period of nearly two decades (1948&ndash1967 starting A latrine (from Latin lavatrina a privy is a structure (usually small holding a single person for Defecation. King Hussein permitted the construction of the Intercontinental Hotel at the summit of the Mount of Olives together with a road that cut through the cemetery which destroyed hundreds of Jewish graves, some from the First Temple Period. Hussein bin Talal King of Jordan (حسين بن طلال Ḥusayn bin Ṭalāl) ( November 14, 1935 – February 7, 1999) was The Seven Arches Hotel (formerly the Intercontinental Hotel) is a hotel in the Arab neighborhood of A-Tur on the Mount of Olives, Jerusalem. [1][2][3] Some fifty thousand Jewish graves out of a total seventy thousand were destroyed or defaced during the nineteen years of Jordanian rule. [4] After the Six-Day War, restoration work began, and the cemetery was re-opened for burials. Background Suez Crisis aftermath The Suez Crisis of 1956 represented a military defeat but a political victory for Egypt

The Arab neighborhood of at-Tur is located on the mountain's summit.

Contents

Biblical references

The Mount of Olives is first mentioned in connection with David's flight from Jerusalem through the rebellion of Absalom (2 Samuel 15:30), and is only once again mentioned in the Old Testament, in Zechariah 14:4. David, Arabic: داوود or داود dawud, "beloved" was the second king of the united Kingdom of Israel according to the Hebrew Bible Absalom or Avshalom (אַבְשָלוֹם "Father/Leader of/is peace" or "Salem is my Father" Standard Hebrew Avšalom The Books of Samuel ( Hebrew: Sefer Sh'muel ספר שמואל are part of the Tanakh (part of Judaism 's Hebrew Bible) and also of In Western Christianity, the Old Testament refers to the books that form the first of the two-part Christian Biblical canon. The Book of Zechariah is a book of the Bible Old Testament and Jewish Tanakh attributed to the Prophet Zechariah. It is, however, frequently alluded to (I Kings 11:7; II Kings 23:13; Nehemiah 8:15; Ezekiel 11:23). The Books of Kings ( Sefer Melachim, ספר מלכים are a part of Judaism 's Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible. The Books of Kings ( Sefer Melachim, ספר מלכים are a part of Judaism 's Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible. The Book of Nehemiah is a book of the Hebrew Bible, historically regarded as a continuation of the Book of Ezra, and is sometimes called the second book The Book of Ezekiel is a book of the Hebrew Bible (of the Books of the Bible) named after the prophet Ezekiel.

It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament (Matthew 21:1;26:30, etc. ). The road from Jerusalem to Bethany runs over the mount as it did in Biblical times. Bethany (בֵּית עַנְיָה or ביתניה is recorded in the New Testament as the home of Mary, Martha and Lazarus, as well According to the Bible, it was on this mount that Jesus stood when he wept over Jerusalem. Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE)

Jesus is said to have spent a good deal of time on the mount, teaching and prophesying to his disciples (Matthew 24-25), including the Olivet discourse, returning after each day to rest (Luke 21:37), and also coming there on the night of his betrayal (Matthew 26:39). The Olivet discourse is a biblical passage found in the Synoptic Gospels of Matthew ( Mark ( and Luke ( The Gospel of Luke (Gk Κατά Λουκάν Ευαγγέλιον) is a synoptic Gospel, and is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels of the

This mount, or rather mountain range, has four summits or peaks: (1) the "Galilee" peak, so called from a tradition that the angels stood here when they spoke to the disciples (Acts 1:11); (2) the "Mount of Ascension," the supposed site of that event, which was, however, somewhere probably nearer Bethany (Luke 24:51, 52); (3) the "Prophets," from the catacombs on its side, called "the prophets' tombs;" and (4) the "Mount of Corruption," so called because of the "high places" erected there by Solomon for the idolatrous worship of his foreign wives (I Kings 11:7; II Kings 23:13). The Acts of the Apostles is a book of the Bible, which now stands fifth in the New Testament. The general and most common understanding of the Christian Doctrine of Ascension holds that Jesus bodily ascended to Heaven in the presence King Solomon ( Ge'ez: ስለሞን Arabic: ar سليمان, Sulayman, all from the Triliteral root S-L-M, "peace"

The Mount of Olives is also the site of the prophecy of Zechariah and Ezekiel's theophany. Prophecy, generally describes the disclosing of Information that is not known to the Prophet by any ordinary means Zechariah was a person in the Hebrew Bible ( Jewish Tanakh and Christian Old Testament) According to religious texts Ezekiel ((יְחֶזְקֵאל Yehezkel, jəx Theophany, from the Greek, theophaneia (meaning "appearance/showing of God" refers to the appearance of a Deity to a human or to a divine disclosure

Cultural references

Christ on the Mount of Olives is the title of an oratorio by Ludwig van Beethoven, and of a painting by Caravaggio. Ludwig van Beethoven 's Christus am Ölberge (in English Christ on the Mount of Olives) Op Ludwig van Beethoven ( English ˈlʊdvɪg væn ˈbeɪtoʊvən, 16 December 1770 &ndash 26 March 1827 was a German Composer and Pianist. Christ on the Mount of Olives ( 1604 - 1606) was a painting by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio ( Italian, 1571 - Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, usually just known as Caravaggio, (28 September 1571 – 18 July 1610 was an Italian Artist active in Rome

Landmarks

Notable people buried on the mount

Image gallery

Israel 4 009 Jewish Cemetery in Jerusalem. jpg

The sprawling ancient Jewish cemetery

Yad Avshalom

Tomb of Zechariah and of the Hezir family

Church of Maria Magdalene

Ancient Jewish cemetery

Looking toward the Temple Mount

References

  1. ^ Israel 1948-1967: Holy Sites Desecrated. Yad Avshalom (יד אבשלום lit Absalom's Shrine) also known as the Tomb of Absalom, is an ancient tomb with a conical roof located in the Kidron The Tomb of Zechariah (קבר זכריה is an ancient monument in the Kidron Valley, directly east of the Old City of Jerusalem. The Church of Mary Magdalene (Храм Марии Магдалины Chram Marii Magdaline) is a Russian Orthodox church located on the Mount of Olives palestinefacts. org. Retrieved on 2007-06-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden
  2. ^ Fact Sheets #8 - Jerusalem. Jewish Virtual Library (May 19, 2005). The Jewish Virtual Library is an online Encyclopedia published by the American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE Events 1535 - French explorer Jacques Cartier sets sail on his second voyage to North America with three ships 110 men and Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-06-27. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1358 - Republic of Dubrovnik is founded 1709 - Peter the Great defeats Charles XII of Sweden
  3. ^ Alon, Amos (1995). Amos Elon (born 1925 is an Israeli journalist and author Elon was born in Vienna in 1925 and emigrated to Palestine in 1933 Jerusalem: Battlegrounds of Memory. New York: Kodansha Int'l, 75.  “In 1967, it was discovered that during the Jordanian occupation of East Jerusalem, tombstones had been removed from the ancient Jewish cemetery on Olivet to pave the latrines of a nearby Jordanian army barrack. ” 
  4. ^ Alon, Amos (1995). Amos Elon (born 1925 is an Israeli journalist and author Elon was born in Vienna in 1925 and emigrated to Palestine in 1933 Jerusalem: Battlegrounds of Memory. New York: Kodansha Int'l, 170.  
  5. ^ a b c Mt. of Olives National Authority to be Formed. Israelnationalnews (2007-08-23). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 79 - Mount Vesuvius begins stirring on the feast day of Vulcan the Roman god of fire Retrieved on 2007-08-26. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert.

This entry incorporates text from the public domain Easton's Bible Dictionary, originally published in 1897.

External links

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