Motocross (often shortened to MX or MotoX) is a form of motorcycle sport or all-terrain vehicle racing held on enclosed off road circuits. Motorcycle sport is a broad field that encompasses all Sporting aspects of Motorcycling. An all-terrain vehicle (ATV is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI as a vehicle that travels on low pressure tires with a seat that is straddled by Off Roading is a term for driving a specialized vehicle on unpaved roads such as Sand, Gravel, riverbeds Mud, Snow, Rocks, Motocross is derived from the French, and traces its origins to British Scrambling competitions. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Scrambling (also known as alpine scrambling) is a method of ascending rocky faces and ridges The name "motocross" is a portmanteau derived from the words "motorcycle" and "Cross Country".
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Event
Motocross is distinct from other forms of motorsport in having a mass start, where all the riders line up alongside each other, starting simultaneously and racing the race distance. The first rider across the finish is the winner of that "moto"; the number of motos may vary and points are added up to determine the final winner.
Motos vary in duration, measured in time elapsed plus one or two laps, or alternatively a fixed number of laps. Top level racing tends to have long races (e. g. 30 minutes plus 2 laps) while at the other end of the spectrum, amateur races can be as short as 5 minutes. When the designated time duration of the race is complete, a finish line flagger signals via a board or flag to the racers that there are one or two laps left, and the race is finished by a checkered flag. Racing flags are traditionally used in Auto racing and similar motorsports to communicate important messages to drivers
Motocross tracks are often quite large (a mile or more) and incorporate natural terrain features with varying amounts of man-made jumps and other features. It is not unheard of for a Motocross track to be made up entirely of hills and turns with a few jumps. The track in Sevlievo, Bulgaria was voted best track in the world for 2006 and 2007. In contrast, Supercross is an entirely man-made track, comprised almost exclusively of a wide array of jumps, and is typically held in an large stadium or arena. Supercross is a cycle racing sport involving Racing specialized high performance off-road Motorcycles on an artificially made dirt tracks consisting of steep jumps Due to the size of outdoor tracks, motocross races typically include 40 racers, while supercross races usually have about 20 in the main events.
Contrasting with motocross are the off-road racing events of Enduro, Hare and Hounds, Hare Scrambles, et cetera. Enduro is a form of Motorcycle sport run on courses that are predominantly Off-road. Hare scramble is the name given to a particular form of Off-road motorcycle racing. In these events there are a pre-determined number of laps or long distance loops to complete within a maximum time limit. These events, unlike Motocross, race on courses that are largely comprised of natural terrain. The Baja 1000 is an example of one of these types of events. Baja 1000 is an off-road race that takes place on Mexico's Baja California Peninsula in the fall
History
Motocross was first known as a British off-road event called Scrambles, which were themselves an evolution of Trials events popular in northern Britain. For the manga series see Maico 2010. Maicowerk AG began in 1926 originally assembling 98 and 123 cc Ilo two stroke motors The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Off Roading is a term for driving a specialized vehicle on unpaved roads such as Sand, Gravel, riverbeds Mud, Snow, Rocks, Motorcycle trials, also termed observed trials, is a non-speed event on specialized Motorcycles The sport is most popular in the UK and Spain The first known Scramble took place at Camberley, Surrey in 1924[1]. Camberley is a town in Surrey, England, situated 31 miles (50 km south west of Central London Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. During the 1930s, the sport grew in popularity, especially in Britain where teams from BSA, Norton, Matchless, Rudge, and AJS competed in the events. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The Birmingham Small Arms Company ( BSA) was a British manufacturer of Vehicles Firearms and Military equipment and still exists as Matchless is one of the oldest Marques of British Motorcycles with the first models manufactured at the start of the 20th century Rudge Whitworth Cycles was a British Bicycle and Motorcycle manufacturer that resulted from the merger of two bicycle manufacturers in 1894 one of which AJS is also an abbreviation for the American Journal of Sociology. Off-road bikes from that era differed little from those used on the street. Intense competition over rugged terrain led to technical improvements in motorcycles. Rigid frames gave way to suspensions by the early 1930s, and swinging fork rear suspension appeared by the early 1950s, several years before it was incorporated on the majority of production street bikes. The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive The period after the Second World War was dominated by BSA which had become the largest motorcycle company in the world. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Birmingham Small Arms Company ( BSA) was a British manufacturer of Vehicles Firearms and Military equipment and still exists as BSA riders dominated international competitions throughout the 1950s. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive
In 1952 the FIM, motorcycling’s international governing body, created an individual European Championship using a 500cc engine displacement formula. Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing In 1957, it was upgraded it to World Championship status. Year 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar) In 1962, a 250cc world championship was created. Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. It was in the smaller 250cc category that companies with two-stroke motorcycles came into their own. The two-stroke Internal combustion engine differs from the more common Four-stroke engine by completing the same four processes (intake compression combustion exhaust Companies such as Husqvarna from Sweden, Bultaco from Spain, CZ from Czechoslovakia and Greeves from Britain, became popular due to their lightness and agility. Husqvarna Motorcycles is a company manufacturing Motocross, Enduro and Supermoto Motorcycles. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. Bultaco were a Spanish manufacturer of Two-stroke motorcycles from 1958 to 1983. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. See also Jawa Motors Česká Zbrojovka is a Czech firearms manufacturer also known for making ČZ Motorcycles ČZ was established as a branch of the Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Greeves are an English producer of Motorcycles mainly for the trials and offroad market By the 1960s, advancements in two-stroke engine technology meant that the heavier, four-stroke machines were relegated to niche competitions. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 Riders from Belgium and Sweden began to dominate the sport during this period. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.
By the late 1960s, Japanese motorcycle companies began challenging the European factories for supremacy of the motocross world. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Suzuki claimed the first world championship for a Japanese factory when it won the 1970 250cc crown. is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Hamamatsu Japan that specializes in manufacturing compact automobiles a full range of Motorcycles All-Terrain Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Motocross also began to grow in popularity in the United States during this period, which fueled an explosive growth in the sport. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The first stadium motocross event was held in 1972 at the Los Angeles Coliseum. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum is a large outdoor sports Stadium in the University Park neighborhood of Los Angeles California at Exposition In 1975, a 125cc world championship was introduced. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. European riders continued to dominate motocross throughout the 1970s but, by the 1980s, American riders had caught up and began winning international competitions. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989.
During the early 1980s, Japanese factories presided over a technology boom in motocross. The 1980s was the decade spanning from January 1 1980 to December 31 1989. The typically two-stroke air cooled, twin shock rear suspension machines gave way to machines that were water cooled and fitted with monoshock rear suspension. By the 1990s, increasingly stringent environmental laws in California forced manufacturers to develop environmentally friendly four-stroke technology. The 1990s collectively refers to the years between and including 1990 and 1999 At the turn of the century, all the major manufacturers have begun competing with four-stroke machines. European firms also experienced a resurgence with Husqvarna, Husaberg and KTM winning world championships with four-stroke machinery. Husqvarna Motorcycles is a company manufacturing Motocross, Enduro and Supermoto Motorcycles. Husaberg is a Swedish manufacturer of Off-road and Supermoto Four-stroke Motorcycles Husaberg motorcycles are KTM Sportmotorcycle AG is an Austrian Motorcycle manufacturer
Recently, the sport has evolved with sub-disciplines such as stadium events known as Supercross and Arenacross held in indoor arenas. Supercross is a cycle racing sport involving Racing specialized high performance off-road Motorcycles on an artificially made dirt tracks consisting of steep jumps Freestyle (or FMX) events where riders are judged on their jumping and aerial acrobatic skills have gained popularity, as well as Supermoto (Motocross machines racing on both tarmac and off road). Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of Motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts Supermoto or Supermotard is a cross-over or evolution of Motocross and Road racing. Vintage motocross events have also become popular with riders competing on bikes usually pre-dating the 1975 model year. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Major Competitions
The world is dominated by two main Motocross series; the FIM's Grand Prix - the World Championship series and the AMA's American National Championship. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing The American Motorcyclist Association is an American not-for-profit organization of more than 280000 motorcyclists that organizes numerous motorcycling activities and campaigns
The AMA Motocross Championship (the "outdoor series") season begins in early May and continues until mid-September, and consists of 12 rounds at 12 major tracks all over the continental United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the There are two classes; "Motocross" and "Motocross Lites" (formerly "250cc" and "125cc"). Each round has two motos of 30 minute-plus-two-laps, per class, held approximately two hours apart.
The Grand Prix (or Motocross World Championship) is predominantly held in Europe with some "flyaway" rounds, recently in South Africa and Japan, but over its history it has visited numerous countries including; Indonesia, Australia and countries on both American continents. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. There are two classes; MX1 and MX2 (analogous to "Motocross" and "Motocross Lites" respectively). Race duration is slightly longer at 35 minutes plus two laps, while the series is longer, generally incorporating over 16 rounds.
The annual Motocross des Nations (now called Motocross of Nations) is usually held at the end of the year when National and World Championship series have ended. 1986 Event Maggiora, Italy. United States winsOnly complete sweep of all three class by a single country The format involves teams of three riders representing their nations. Each rider competes in a different class (MX1, MX2 and "Open"). There are three motos with two classes competing per moto. The location of the event changes from year to year. The United States, Belgium and Great Britain have had the greatest success. France has had a very successful year in the last Motocross of nations.
Physical Demands
The National Sport Health Institute in Englewood, California tested several professional motocross racers in the early 1980s as part of a comparative study of the cardio-vascular fitness of athletes from various disciplines. Athletes from track, American football and soccer were tested, among others. Motocross racers get their heart rate up to around 180 to 190 beats per minute and hold it there for about 35 minutes. Another thing to consider is that they do this twice per day (Original article appeared in DirtBike magazine in 1980). A subsequent study by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Centre's Sports Performance Complex in 2002 reconfirmed the result with more recent motocross racers. The intense physical demand of motocross derives from the fact that the racer of the bike must keep complete control of a 200+ pound bike, while also maintaining their top speed throughout the race. [2]
Freestyle
Freestyle motocross (Freestyle Motocross), a relatively new sport, does not involve racing and instead concentrates on performing acrobatic stunts while jumping motocross bikes. Freestyle Motocross (also known as FMX) is a variation on the sport of Motocross in which motorcycle riders attempt to impress judges with jumps and stunts The winner is chosen by a group of judges. The riders are scored on style, level of trick difficulty, best use of the course, and frequently crowd reactions as well.
One stunt performed is the back flip, which was first landed by Caleb Wyatt. Soon after this, Mike Metzger completed this stunt using a standard freestyle ramp and dirt landing. Mike Metzger (born 19 november 1975 in Huntington Beach, California) is an American Freestyle Motocross (FMX rider [3] More recently Mike Metzger actually did a Back flip over the Caesars Palace Fountains. Caesars Palace, sometimes referred to colloquially as simply Caesars, is a luxury Hotel and Casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise [4] Some consider the body varial 360 as the most difficult stunt being performed at this time. This stunt, also called the Carolla, was first performed by Chuck Carothers at the 2004 X Games. The X Games is an annual event with a focus on extreme action sports Prior to this, the backflip 360, or off-axis back flip, was widely considered the most challenging stunt. Another rider taking freestyle to a new level is Travis Pastrana. Travis Alan Pastrana (born October 8, 1983, in Annapolis, Maryland) is a Motorsports competitor who has won championships and At the 2006 X Games, Pastrana performed the world's first double back flip (in competition). [5] It earned him the 2006 Freestyle Gold Medal. The double backflip is currently considered the most difficult freestyle trick, although riders such as Travis Pastrana have been seen to be practicing a new trick the 'barrel roll' in where they roll the bike sideways in mid air.
Pitbikes
"Pit bikes" are small, motorbikes that participants in powersports event use to ride around the "pits," i. e. , the staging areas where team support vehicles are located. They are also used in races held either indoors or on motocross tracks. Pitbikes also have races that pro riders race in on the pit bikes. RED BARON, BBR, Pitster Pro, and Two Brothers Race are all common brands that sell components to "Trick Out" or "Hop-Up" your Pitbike.
Pit bikes are usually powered by 2- or 4-stroke, single cylinder engines ranging anywhere in displacement from 49cc up to 200cc. A typical pit bike is usually a small dirt bike but it has become common to be able to buy pit bikes with street-style wheels and tires.
Pit bikes are frequently heavily farkled (anything from a decorative item to a functional, non-performance add-on) and/or up-rated (performance modified) from stock. It is not-uncommon for engines to be bored-out to increase displacement and therefore power output, air-boxes removed or opened-up to improve engine "breathing" (which can increase power output) suspensions modified to carry larger riders and to facilitate stunting, and wheel/brakes/tires upgraded to improve handling.
Pit bikes also have their own separate competitions held with classes corresponding to the engine displacement.
Supermoto
Supermoto got its start in the late 1970s as a fun side project for many road racers. Supermoto or Supermotard is a cross-over or evolution of Motocross and Road racing. Supermoto or Supermotard is a cross-over or evolution of Motocross and Road racing. Supermoto or Supermotard is a cross-over or evolution of Motocross and Road racing. Supermoto or Supermotard is a cross-over or evolution of Motocross and Road racing. Its first exposure to a wide audience came on the American television program ABC's Wide World of Sports in 1979. ABC's Wide World of Sports was a long-running Sports Anthology show on American Television that ran as a series from 1961 to 1998 UK racing journalist Gavin Trippe envisioned a racing event that would prove who the best motorcycle racer was and from 1980 to 1985, he organized a yearly event called "The Superbikers," which pitted the top road racers and motocross racers against one another on specially modified bikes raced on special tracks on the television show.
After 1985, the sport died and received little exposure. In Europe, the sport started gaining popularity and in 2003 the sport was revived in the United States and called "Supermoto". Supermoto involves taking a motocross bike meant to be raced off-road and converting it to be raced on tracks consisting of both dirt and pavement. The bikes are fitted with special road racing tires and are "grooved" to grip both the pavement and dirt. Some tracks for these race events have jumps, berms, and whoops just like true motocross tracks. For special events, the Supermoto track may incorporate metal ramps for jumps that can be disassembled and taken to other locations. Supermoto races may take place at modified go-kart tracks, road racing tracks, or even street racing tracks. There are also classes for kids such as the 85cc class.
ATV/Quad Motocross
From 2002, ATV Motocross started to see a dramatic increase in participation across the United States. This was a direct result of the major ATV manufacturers getting involved in the sport. In the past, ATV racing floundered after Honda, Kawasaki, Suzuki and Yamaha dropped ATV-racing support in the mid 1980s due to the bad publicity associated with the alleged dangers of operating these vehicles. () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Hamamatsu Japan that specializes in manufacturing compact automobiles a full range of Motorcycles All-Terrain Throughout the late 1980s and all during the 1990s, aftermarket companies kept the sport alive, but barely. Racers would build expensive, custom ATVs with parts from major aftermarket manufacturers. The engine that kept racing alive was the Honda TRX250R engine which was manufactured from 1986 to 1989. The Honda TRX250R was a sport ATV manufactured by Honda between 1986 and 1989 Again, the aftermarket helped racers get all they could out of the dated engine. Accessory companies produced enough modified parts so that the only stock component of the 250R engine were the left and right engine cases. Suspension upgrades made it possible for ATVs to ride over jumps and rough terrain that were previously impossible. Suspension companies produced long-travel A-arms and rear suspension links which helped negotiate harsh terrain.
However, in order to be competitive, it was necessary to spend upwards of $20,000 to race an ATV. In the late 1990s, rules were changed to allow racers to use dirt bike engines in ATV frames. Durng the 1993 Mickey Thompson Off Road Racing Series, 15 year old Daniel Powell from Auga Dulce, CA entered the scene with the first Doug Roll Design and development ATV. Soon hybrid machines began to dominate competitions.
The manufacturers started paying closer attention to the sport ATV market, and in 1999 Honda released the four-stroke TRX400EX. While it wasn't as powerful as the hybrids racing on the tracks, it showed that manufacturers had begun to take ATVs seriously. In 2003 Suzuki released the LT-Z400 that featured a liquid-cooled four-stroke powerplant. That same year, the ATVA instituted a Pro Production class at the motocross nationals in order to showcase "stock" ATVs. The traditional Pro class still allowed two-strokes and hybrids. Many professional racers raced both classes, but the premier class was still the Pro class.
Late in the 2003, Yamaha announced the YFZ450 for the 2004 model year. This ATV represented the first time a major manufacturer built a high-performance sport ATV suited for racing. While it wasn't as wide as many wanted for motocross and didn't have long-travel suspension, it featured a four-stroke engine very similar to the motocross dirt bikes Yamaha was manufacturing at the time. The YFZ450 also came stock with fully adjustable front suspension, the first time this was available on a production ATV. After the Yamaha announcement, Honda announced it was going to bring the TRX450R to market in 2004. 2004 also marked the return of factory supported racing teams to national competition for the first time since 1986.
In the summer of 2005, Suzuki announced it was going to produce the 2006 LT-R450. This sport ATV was the most competition-ready ATV ever produced. It featured electronic fuel injection, a high performance four-stroke engine, and a chassis that could be competitive in stock form. The front end used a steel swingarm with high quality shock absorbers using 10 inches of travel and a width approaching 50 inches.
The United States continues to see a rise in popularity in ATV racing at motocross tracks nationwide partly due to manufacturers providing competition-ready ATVs. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Some example tracks would be Sleepy Hollow, and Flying Dutchmen, and Theobald Track in North Carolina
Sidecars
Sidecar racing, known as Sidecarcross has been around since the 1950’s but has declined in popularity recently. A sidecar is a one-wheeled device attached to the side of a Motorcycle, producing a three-wheeled vehicle Sidecar-Cross racing, also known as Sidecar Motocross, is very similar to regular "solo" Motocross but with a different type of Motorcycle This variant is common in Europe, with a few followers in USA, New Zealand and Australia.
Motocross sidecars are purpose built frames that resemble an ordinary motocross-cycle with a flat platform to stand on attached to either side and a handlebar at waist height to hold on to. The side of the "chair" (slang for the platform) usually follows the side of the road the nation in question drives upon, but not always. The passenger balances the bike by being a counterweight, especially in corners and on jumps. It’s driven on ordinary crosstracks.
It is very physically demanding, especially for the passenger. This is reflected in most in the Swedish term for passenger - "burkslav", roughly translated as trunk/body/barrel-slave. This name comes from the early sidecars where the platform looked like a real road-sidecar and not today's platform.
The major frame builders today are VMC, BSU, AYR, EML and Woodenleg. Ordinary engines can be used, but size matters and two engines purpose built for sidecars exist, Zabel (Germany) and MTH (Austria) are most common. A Zabel is a German two-stroke Motocross engine mostly used in sidecars. Fourstrokes are getting more common, usually KTM(Austria). KTM Sportmotorcycle AG is an Austrian Motorcycle manufacturer see also trunk bikes.
Governing bodies
The sport is governed world wide by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), with federations in many nations. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM International Motorcycling Federation) is the governing body of motorcycle racing
- Australia - Motorcycling Australia (MA) Motorcycling Australia Website
- Canada - CMRC / Canadian Motorcycle Association / LDRMC / CMX
- France - Federation France Moto (FFM)
- Ireland - [Motorcycle Union of Ireland (MCUI) - NB covers the whole island
- South Africa - Motorsport South Africa (MSA)
- Sweden - SVEMO
- UK - Auto-Cycle Union (ACU), with other separate (unconnected) bodies like the AMCA (Amateur Motorcycle Association), ORPA, BSMA, and YSMA. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page CMRC ( Canadian Motorsport Racing Club) is Canada 's largest Motocross racing organization and a league for the top riders of of the country The Canadian Motorcycle Association was founded in 1946.In 1950 it became affiliated with the World Governing Body of the Federation Internationale de Motocyclisme This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Auto-Cycle Union (ACU Motorcycling GB is governing body of Motorcycle sport in Great Britain (not Northern Ireland, which is governed by the MCUI The Amateur Motorcycle Association (AMCA is a non-profit making governing body for off road motorcycling sport in the United Kingdom.
- United States - American Motorcyclist Association (AMA)
Manufacturers
- See also: List of motorcycle manufacturers
Current
The above are the major five manufactures in most markets, the manufactures below command a smaller market share (currently - 2007). Motorcycle manufacturers currently in production Cerro*Da Dalt Guerrero*Mondial*Motomel*Zanella () is a Multinational corporation, engine Manufacturer and engineering corporation headquartered in Japan. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. ( is an international corporation based in Japan. It has headquarters in both Chūō-ku, Kobe and Minato Tokyo. KTM Sportmotorcycle AG is an Austrian Motorcycle manufacturer Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich is a Multinational corporation headquartered in Hamamatsu Japan that specializes in manufacturing compact automobiles a full range of Motorcycles All-Terrain ( a Japanese motorized vehicle-producing company (whose HQ is at 2500 Shingai Iwata Shizuoka) is part of the Yamaha Corporation.
- Aprilla (Italy)
- CCM (Britain)
- Cobra (USA)
- Gas Gas (Spain)
- Husaberg (Austria, formerly from Sweden)
- Husqvarna (Italy, formerly from Sweden)
- Polini (Italy)
- TM Racing (Italy)
- Vertemati (Italy)
- VOR (Italy)
Manufacturers that have ceased production
See also
- List of motocross World Champions
- List of AMA Motocross Champions
- List of Motocross riders
- Supercross
- Snocross
- Freestyle Motocross
- All-terrain vehicle
- Hawkstone Park Motocross Circuit
- Cwmythig Hill Motocross Circuit
- Motocross training
References
External links
- Official FIM World Motocross Championship
- Motorcycling Australia Website (MA)
- American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) - US governing body
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