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Morris Sheppard "Buzz" Arnold (born 1941) is a senior-status judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit is a federal court with Appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following A Republican, he was appointed to the appeals court by U.S. President George Herbert Walker Bush. The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12 1924 served as the forty-first President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 His tenure began on June 1, 1992. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) For his first twelve years, until 2004, he served on the court alongside his older brother, Richard S. Arnold, a Democrat appointed by President Jimmy Carter. Richard Sheppard Arnold ( March 26, 1936 - September 23, 2004) was a highly acclaimed Judge of the U The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002 Richard Arnold died of an infection while he was afflicted with longterm lymphoma. Lymphoma a type of Neoplasm that originates in Lymphocytes (a type of White blood cell in the vertebrate Immune system) Because of new federal nepotism rules, two brothers are unlikely to serve again simultaneously on the same federal court in the future. Nepotism is the showing of favoritism toward relatives and friends based upon that relationship rather than on an objective evaluation of ability Meritocracy or suitability

Contents

Early years and education

Arnold was born in Texarkana, Texas, the son of Mr. Texarkana is a city in Bowie County, Texas, United States. It effectively functions as one half of a city which crosses a state line — the other and Mrs. Richard Lewis Arnold. He was a maternal grandson of U.S. Senator Morris Sheppard, a powerful Texas Democrat, also from Texarkana, who served from 1913 until his death in 1941. The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives John Morris Sheppard ( May 28, 1875 - April 9, 1941) was a Democratic United States Congressman and United States Senator Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State.

Like his brother, Arnold attended Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire, having graduated in 1959. Phillips Exeter Academy (also called Exeter, Phillips Exeter or PEA) is a Co-educational independent Boarding school for grades 9–12 New Hampshire ( is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. Thereafter, he received a bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering in 1965 from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville. A Bachelor of Science ( BS, BSc or BSc in the UK; less commonly S Electrical engineering, sometimes referred to as electrical and electronic engineering, is a field of Engineering that deals with the study and application of The University of Arkansas, often shortened to U of A or just UA, is a public Co-educational Land-grant university Fayetteville is a city in Washington County, Arkansas, United States, and is home to the University of Arkansas. He then attended law school in Fayetteville and received an LL.B. degree in 1968. The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law He received an master of laws and doctor of laws degrees from Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1969 and 1971, respectively. The Master of Laws is an advanced Academic degree, or research degree and is commonly abbreviated LL Doctor of Laws ( Latin: Legum Doctor, LLD) is a Doctorate -level Academic degree in Law. Cambridge Massachusetts is a City in the Greater Boston area of Massachusetts, United States.

Law professor Arnold

Arnold practiced law briefly in Texarkana, Arkansas, in 1968, but he was primarily a law professor prior to his two court appointments. Texarkana is the largest city and County seat of Miller County, Arkansas, United States. He was professor at Indiana University School of Law in Bloomington from 1971-1977. Bloomington is a city and the County seat of Monroe County in the south central region of the U He was then the university vice president and professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School from 1977-1981, when he returned to Arkansas as a professor at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock from 1981-1984. The University of Pennsylvania Law School is the law school of the University of Pennsylvania, located in Philadelphia Pennsylvania. University of Arkansas at Little Rock is the third largest University, He also practiced privately in Little Rock during those same years.

He was a special chief justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court in 1982 and special master of the Pulaski County Chancery Court in 1983. The Arkansas Supreme Court is the highest court in the US state of Arkansas. Pulaski County is the largest county by population in the US state of Arkansas with a population of 361474 at the 2000 United States Census He returned to Pennsylvania for the 1984-1985 year. In 1985, he was a visiting professor at Stanford University Law School, and the dean, once again, of Indiana University Law School that same year, a position that he quickly vacated. A visiting scholar, in the world of Academia, is a scholar from an institution who visits a receiving university that hosts him where he or she is projected to teach ( visiting Stanford Law School is a graduate school at Stanford University located near Palo Alto California, United States, in Silicon Valley

Republican Party chairman

In 1982, Arnold was elected chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party with the support of defeated Governor Frank D. White. A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Frank Durward White ( June 4, 1933  &ndash May 21, 2003) was only the second Republican governor of the U Earlier, Arnold had considered opposing White in the gubernatorial primary on grounds that the governor had alienated too many moderate Republicans and African Americans to be able to win another general election. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa A general election is an Election in which all or most members of a given political body are up for election Arnold succeeded the temporary chairman Robert "Bob" Cohee, who had taken the party helm in March 1982, on the death of Harlan H. "Bo" Holleman of Wynne in Cross County in eastern Arkansas. Harlan Harmon "Bo" Holleman ( January 23, 1927 &mdash March 12, 1982) was a Farmer and Seed merchant from Wynne is the County seat and largest city of Cross County, Arkansas, United States. Cross County is a County located in the US state of Arkansas. White was defeated in the fall campaign by former Governor Bill Clinton, a favorite of Judge Richard Arnold. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States

In a secret ballot on December 4, 1982, the Republican State Central Committee chose Arnold over Cohee. "December 4th" redirects here For the song by Jay-Z, see December 4th (song. Arnold gained the support not only of outgoing Governor White but sitting U.S. Representatives John Paul Hammerschmidt and Edwin Bethune. The United States House of Representatives is one of the two chambers of the United States Congress; the other is the Senate. John Paul Hammerschmidt (born May 4, 1922) is an American politician from the U Edwin Ruthvin "Ed" Bethune Jr (born December 19, 1935) is a Lawyer and Lobbyist in Washington D Cohee had resigned a position as deputy director of the Arkansas Housing Development Agency in Little Rock to serve as a full-time unpaid chairman during the election. The exact vote of the 119 delegates was not released. Cohee said that he would have not sought a full term as chairman had he known that White, Hammerschmidt, and Bethune preferred Arnold. State Representative Carolyn Pollan of Fort Smith nominated Arnold, whom she called a "bringer-together, a unifier" who would offer "strong leadership". The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the U Carolyn Joan Clark Pollan (born July 12, 1937) is an American politician and former Republican member of the Arkansas House of Representatives Arnold said that he would "like to be the guy that calls Bill Clinton out if he fails to keep his promises. " Arnold retained his professorship and was a parttime chairman. He vowed to seek black support for the Arkansas GOP, much as the late Governor Winthrop Rockefeller had done in the 1960s, but he admitted that it would be difficult to draw African Americans from Clinton. Winthrop A Rockefeller ( May 1, 1912 February 22, 1973) was a Politician and Philanthropist who served as the first At any rate, Pollan and other Republicans hoped that Arnold could bridge the gulf in the party between the former Rockefeller backers, such as herself, and the more active Reagan people, such as White and former gubernatorial candidate Ken Coon. Kenneth Lloyd "Ken" Coon Sr (born October 14, 1935) is a Little Rock Educator, professional Psychologist, and Counselor

Reagan-Bush appointee

On October 23, 1985, President Ronald W. Reagan nominated Morris Arnold to a new seat as judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas, based in Fort Smith, the second largest Arkansas city. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1985 ( MCMLXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link displays 1985 Gregorian calendar) The United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas is further subdivided into six divisions which collectively cover 34 Arkansas counties Fort Smith is the second-largest city in the US state of Arkansas and one of the two County seats of Sebastian County. The Senate confirmed his nomination on December 16, and he received his commission on December 17. Events 755 - An Lushan revolts against Chancellor Yang Guozhong at Fanyang, initiating the An Shi Rebellion Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila

Arnold left the district court in 1992 to assume the appeals court judgeship, which is based in St. Louis. Because the court works in three-judge panels, Arnold primarily operates from Little Rock. Bush had nominated Arnold on November 6, 1991. Events 355 - Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. On October 9, 2006, Arnold assumed senior status, meaning his workload was reduced with greater opportunity to concentrate in detail on fewer cases. Events 768 - Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.

Two major Arnold cases

Arnold wrote a 2001 opinion that a life sentence for selling a small amount of crack cocaine constituted "cruel and unusual punishment" in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Life imprisonment or life incarceration is a sentence of imprisonment for a serious crime often for most Crack cocaine or crack is a solid smokable form of Cocaine. It is a freebase form of cocaine that can be made using baking soda ( Sodium bicarbonate The Eighth Amendment ( Amendment VIII) to the United States Constitution is part of the United States Bill of Rights which took effect in 1791 The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme Law of the United States. "It is unusual for any court to find that a sentence violates the Eighth Amendment," said the attorney J. Thomas Sullivan of Little Rock, a professor of criminal law at UALR's William H. Bowen School of Law. The term criminal law, sometimes called penal law, refers to any of various bodies of rules in different Jurisdictions whose common characteristic is the potential Sullivan represented defendant Grover Henderson before the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals at St. A defendant or defender ( Δ in Legal shorthand) is any party who is required to answer the Complaint of a Plaintiff Louis. Arnold's decision reversed U. S. District Judge James M. Moody's refusal to dismiss Henderson's 1996 petition for habeas corpus. Habeas corpus (ˈheɪbiəs ˈkɔɹpəs ( Latin: command that you have the body is the name of a legal action or Writ, through which a person can seek relief

As part of another three-judge panel, Judge Arnold declared Arkansas' donor limits on campaign contributions to be "unconstitutionally low. " The ruling struck down the state's Initiated Act 1 of 1996 which was passed by two-thirds of those voting on the issue. In Political science, the initiative (also known as popular or citizen's initiative) provides a means by which a Petition signed by a certain The initiative sought to limit contributions to $300 per election for state constitutional offices and $100 per election for other state and local races.

Morris declared the limits an infringement on the public's First Amendment right to contribute financially to a candidate of one's choice. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the United States Bill of Rights that expressly prohibits the United States Congress The judges also ruled that a provision in the law allowing small-donor Political Action Committees to contribute more per election than other such committees violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Equal Protection Clause, part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, provides that "no state shall… deny to any person The Fourteenth Amendment ( Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution is one of the post- Civil War Reconstruction Amendments, first

Judge Arnold today

Though he remains on the court, Arnold's successor is Bobby E. Shepherd of El Dorado in southern Arkansas, the nominee of President George W. Bush. Bobby E Shepherd (born November 18, 1951, in Arkadelphia Arkansas) is a Federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth El Dorado (pronounced to rhyme with 'tornado' (IPA doˈreɪdoʊ or dəˈreɪdə is a city in Union County, Arkansas, USA. George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. Shepherd had previously served as a United States magistrate in the Western District of Arkansas based in Fort Smith. A magistrate is a judicial officer In Common law systems a magistrate usually has limited authority to administer and enforce the Law.

Arnold maintains a keen interest in the study of history, particularly Arkansas history, which he insists needs more emphasis in public schools. History is the study of the past particularly the written record Those who study history as a Profession are called Historians Etymology The term public school has two distinct (and virtually opposite meanings depending on the location of usage in the United States, Australia and He has long worked with the Arkansas History Commission on various initiatives.

Arnold and his wife, the former Gail Kwaak, live in Little Rock. Coincidentally, Richard Arnold's first wife was named "Gale", the former Gale Hussman of Camden. Camden is a city in and the County seat of Ouachita County in the southern part of the U

Within a month of taking senior status, Judge Arnold was stricken by a heart attack while he was on court business in St. Myocardial infarction ( MI or AMI for acute myocardial infarction) also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply Louis. He underwent successful stent surgery. In Medicine, a stent is a tube that is inserted into a natural conduit of the body to prevent or counteract a disease-induced localized flow constriction

Preceded by
Robert "Bob" Cohee		 Arkansas Republican state chairman

Morris Sheppard "Buzz" Arnold
1982–1983

 Succeeded by
Robert "Bob" Leslie
Preceded by
Donald Pomery Lay		 Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit (Arkansas)

Morris Sheppard "Buzz" Arnold
1992–2006 (afterwards senior status)

 Succeeded by
Bobby E. Shepherd

References

Donald Pomery Lay ( August 24, 1926 &ndash April 29, 2007) was an American Jurist who served on the United States Bobby E Shepherd (born November 18, 1951, in Arkadelphia Arkansas) is a Federal judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth
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