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Moroccan Arabic
مغريبي Maġribi 
Pronunciation: [mɑɣribi]
Spoken in: Morocco
Total speakers: 19,480,600
Language family: Afro-Asiatic
 Semitic
  West Semitic
   Central Semitic
    South Central Semitic
     Arabic
      Moroccan Arabic 
Writing system: Arabic alphabet 
Official status
Official language in: none
Regulated by: none
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: –
ISO 639-3: ary
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa List of language familiesA language family is a group of Languages related by descent from a common ancestor called the Proto-language of that family The Afro-Asiatic languages constitute a Language family with about 375 languages ( SIL estimate and more than 300 million speakers spread throughout North Africa The Semitic languages are a Language family whose living representatives are spoken by more than 467 million people across much of the Middle East, The West Semitic languages are a proposed major sub-grouping of Semitic languages. The Central Semitic languages are an intermediate group of Semitic languages, comprising Arabic and Northwest Semitic (including Canaanite The Arabic language family consists of The Arabic macrolanguage ( ISO 639-3 ara including the living Varieties of Arabic Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language A writing system is a type of Symbolic system used to represent elements or statements expressible in Language. The Arabic alphabet is the script used for writing several languages of Asia and Africa such as Arabic, Persian, and Urdu. This is a list of bodies that regulate Standard languages Natural languages Auxiliary languages Interlingua The auxiliary language ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family ISO 639-2 is the second part of the ISO 639 standard, which lists codes for the representation of the names of languages ISO 639 -3 (ISO 639-32007 is an international standard for Language codes The standard describes three‐letter codes for identifying languages In Computing, Unicode is an Industry standard allowing Computers to consistently represent and manipulate text expressed in most of the world's

Moroccan Arabic (also known as Darija) is the variety of Arabic spoken in the Arabic-speaking areas of Morocco, as opposed to the official communications of government and other public bodies which use Modern Standard Arabic, as is the case in most Arabic-speaking countries, while a mixture of French and Moroccan Arabic is used in Business. Darija ( الدارجة; also transcribed (ad-dārija (standard derija or darja) is a term used by Maghreb Arabic speakers See Arabic languages for the historical family of dialects The Arabic language is a Semitic language with many varieties Arabic (ar الْعَرَبيّة (informally ar عَرَبيْ) in terms of the number of speakers is the largest living member of the Semitic language Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Literary Arabic (ar اللغة العربية الفصحى "the Eloquent Arabic language" or Standard Arabic is the literary and standard variety French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people It is within the Maghrebi Arabic dialect continuum. Maghrebi Arabic is a cover term for the varieties of Arabic spoken in the Maghreb, including Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, A dialect continuum is a range of Dialects spoken across a large geographical area differing only slightly between areas that are geographically close and gradually decreasing

Contents

Overview

Native speakers typically consider Moroccan Arabic a dialect because it is not a literary language and because it lacks prestige compared to Standard Arabic (fuṣḥa). A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος dialektos) is a variety of a Language that is characteristic of a particular group of A literary language is a register of a Language that is used in Literary Writing. It differs from Standard Arabic in phonology, lexicon, and syntax, and has been influenced by Berber (mainly in its pronunciation, and grammar), French and Spanish. Nomenclature The term Berber has been used in Europe since at least the 17th century and is still used today French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Like Arabic colloquials in general, its grammar is simpler than that of Standard Arabic.

Moroccan Arabic continues to evolve by integrating new French or English words, notably in technical fields, or by replacing old French and Spanish ones with Standard Arabic words within some circles.

It is worth mentioning that Darija (which means dialect) can be divided into two groups:

A similar phenomenon can be observed in Algerian Arabic and Tunisian Arabic. Algerian Arabic is the variety or varieties of Arabic spoken in Algeria. Tunisian Arabic is a Maghrebi Dialect of the Arabic language, spoken by some 11 million people

Relationship with other languages

Moroccan Arabic has a distinct pronunciation and is nearly unintelligible to other Arabic speakers, but is generally mutually intelligible with other Maghrebi Arabic dialects with which it forms a dialect continuum. In Linguistics, mutual intelligibility is recognized as a relationship between Languages in which speakers of different but related languages can readily understand Maghrebi Arabic is a cover term for the varieties of Arabic spoken in the Maghreb, including Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, A dialect continuum is a range of Dialects spoken across a large geographical area differing only slightly between areas that are geographically close and gradually decreasing It is grammatically simpler, and has a less voluminous vocabulary than Classical Arabic. It has also integrated many Berber, French and Spanish words. Nomenclature The term Berber has been used in Europe since at least the 17th century and is still used today French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people

There is no clear-cut division between Moroccan Arabic and Standard Arabic. Most Moroccans would more or less understand the Modern Standard Arabic. Depending on cultural background and degree of literacy, some will prefer to use Arabic words instead of their French or Spanish borrowed counterparts, while others often adopt code-switching between French and Moroccan Arabic. Code-switching is a term in Linguistics referring to using more than one language or variety in conversation As everywhere in the world, how someone speaks, what words or language he uses is often an indicator of their social class. A prestige dialect is the Dialect spoken by the most prestigious people in a Speech community which is large enough to sustain more than one dialect

Pronunciation

Moroccan Arabic has a distinct pronunciation nearly unintelligible to Arabic speakers from the Middle East. It is heavily influenced by Berber pronunciation, and it has even been argued that it is Arabic pronounced with a Berber accent, or with Berber phonemes. The phoneME project is Sun Microsystems reference implementation of Java virtual machine and associated libraries of Java ME with source licensed under the GNU This is similar to the phenomenon in the south of France where some pronounce French with Occitan phonemes. Occitan ( IPA BrE: /ˈɒksɪtn/ AmE: /ˈɑksəˌtɑn/ known also as Lenga d'òc or Langue d'oc (native name occitan

One of the most notable features of Moroccan Arabic is the collapse of short vowels. Short /a/ and /i/ are deleted entirely in most positions, and short /u/ is either deleted or maintained only as rounding on an adjacent labial consonant. This can result in long strings of consonants (a feature shared with Berber and certainly derived from it). These clusters are never simplified; instead, consonants occurring between other consonants tend to syllabify, according to a sonorance hierarchy.

Long /a/, /i/ and /u/ are maintained as semi-long vowels, which are substituted for both short and long vowels in borrowings from Modern Standard Arabic. Long /a/, /i/ and /u/ also have many more allophones than in most other dialects; in particular, /i/ and /u/ show up as /e/ and /o/ in the vicinity of emphatic consonants (emphatic spreading occurs much less than in dialects such as Egyptian Arabic, for example); in some dialects, such as that of Marrakech, front-rounded and other allophones also exist. Emphatic consonant is a term widely used in Semitic Linguistics to describe one of a series of Obstruent Consonants which originally contrasted Marrakesh or Marrakech ( Amazigh: Murakush, Arabic مراكش Murrakush) known as the "Red City"

Non-emphatic /t/ is pronounced with noticeable affrication, almost like /ʦ/ (still distinguished from a sequence of /t/ + /s/), and hence is easily distinguishable from emphatic /tˁ/. Unlike in most other Arabic dialects (but, again, similar to Berber), non-emphatic /r/ and emphatic /rˁ/ are two entirely separate phonemes, almost never contrasting in related forms of a word. Original /q/ splits lexically into /q/ and /g/; for some words, both alternatives exist.

Code switching

Many Moroccan Arabic speakers among the educated class, especially in the territory which was previously known as French Morocco, also practice code-switching (moving from Moroccan Arabic to French and the other way around as it can be seen in the movie Marock). Code-switching is a term in Linguistics referring to using more than one language or variety in conversation French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Marock is the 2005 Moroccan film by the female Muslim director Laila Marrakchi. In the northern parts of Morocco, some people also switch from Moroccan Arabic to Spanish. This is due to the place once being invaded by Spain and for their proximity to Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Ceuta is an autonomous city of Spain located on the Mediterranean, on the North African side of the Strait of Gibraltar, which Melilla is an autonomous city of Spain located on the Mediterranean, on the North African coast

Vocabulary

Moroccan Arabic is grammatically simpler, and has a less voluminous vocabulary than Classical Arabic. It has also integrated many Berber, French and Spanish words. Nomenclature The term Berber has been used in Europe since at least the 17th century and is still used today French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Spanish words typically entered Moroccan Arabic earlier than French ones. Some words might have been brought by Moriscos who spoke Andalusi Arabic which was influenced by Spanish (Castilian), an example being the typical Andalusian dish Pastilla. A morisco (Spanish " Moor -like" or mourisco (Portuguese was any Muslim of Spain or Portugal Andalusian Arabic (also known as Andalusi Arabic, Spanish Arabic, or Moorish Arabic) was a variety of the Arabic language spoken in Al-Andalus (الأندلس was the Arabic name given to those parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims or Bastilla redirects here For the Moth Genus, see Bastilla (moth. Other influences have been the result of the Spanish protectorate in Spanish Morocco. In International law, a protectorate is a autonomous territory that is "protected" by a stronger state or entity hense the protector which engages to protect Spanish protectorate of Morocco (حماية إسبانيا في المغرب (Protectorado español de Marruecos was the area of Morocco under colonial rule by the French words came with the French protectorate (1912-1956). In International law, a protectorate is a autonomous territory that is "protected" by a stronger state or entity hense the protector which engages to protect Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Year 1956 ( MCMLVI) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

There are noticeable lexical differences between Moroccan Arabic and most other dialects. Some words are essentially unique to Moroccan Arabic: e. g. daba "now". Many others, however, are characteristic of Maghrebi Arabic as a whole, including both innovations and unusual retentions of Classical vocabulary that has disappeared elsewhere such as hbeṭ' "go down" from Classical habaṭ. Others distinctives are shared with Algerian Arabic such as hḍeṛ "talk", from Classical hadhar "babble" and temma "there" from Classical thamma. Algerian Arabic is the variety or varieties of Arabic spoken in Algeria.

There are a number of Moroccan Arabic dictionaries in existence, including (in chronological order):

Some words borrowed from Berber

Some words borrowed from French

Some words borrowed from Spanish

Some of these words might also have come through Andalusi Arabic brought by Moriscos when they were expelled from Spain following the Christian Reconquest. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic Andalusian Arabic (also known as Andalusi Arabic, Spanish Arabic, or Moorish Arabic) was a variety of the Arabic language spoken in A morisco (Spanish " Moor -like" or mourisco (Portuguese was any Muslim of Spain or Portugal Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The Reconquista (a Spanish and Portuguese word for "Reconquest" Arabic: الاسترداد, "Recapturing" was a period

Some examples of regional differences

Some useful sentences

Note: All the sentences are written according to the transliteration of the Arabic alphabet. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA is a system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet, devised by the International Phonetic The Arabic alphabet is the script used for writing several languages of Asia and Africa such as Arabic, Persian, and Urdu.

English Rabat-Casablanca Arabic Northern (Jebli, Tetouani) Arabic Eastern (Oujda) Arabic
How are you? La bas / Cava? La bas? / Bikhayr? La bas? / Rak ġaya / Rak Shbab?
Can you help me? Yemken lek tʿaweni? Tekdar dʿaweni? Yemken lek tʿaweni?
Do you speak English? Waš katehdar lingliziya / wash katidwi bil lingliziya? Waš kadehdar bel ingliziya? Waš tehdar lingliziya?
Excuse me Smaḥ liya Smaḥ li Smaḥ liya
Good luck ḥaḍ saʿid ḥaḍ saʿid ḥaḍ saʿid
Good morning ṣbaḥ el-khir ṣbaḥ el-khir ṣbaḥ el-khir
Good night Teṣbaḥ ʿla khir ṣbaḥ ʿla khir Teṣbaḥ ʿla khir
Goodbye Beslama Beslama / howa hadak ah Beslama
Happy new year Sana saʿida Sana saʿida Sana saʿida
Hello As-salam ʿleykum / Ahlan Salam / Ahlan As-salam ʿlikum
How are you doing? La bas ʿlik? La bas ʿlik? La bas ʿlik?
How are you? Ki dayer ? (masculine) / Ki dayra ? (feminine) Kif el-ḥala? Ki rak?
Is everything okay? Kulši mezyan ? Kulši mezyan ? / Kulšî huwa hadak ? Kulši mliḥ? / Kulšî zin?
Nice to meet you Metšarfin Metšarfin Metšarfin
No thanks La šukran La šukran La šukran
Please Allāh ikhallik / ʿafak Laykhallik / Layʿizek / Khaylah / Khaylak Allāh ikhallik / yʿizek
Take care Thalla f raṣek Thallah / Thalla Thalla f raṣek
Thank you very much Šukran bezaf Šukran bezaf Šukran bezaf
What do you do? Faš khaddam? Škad ʿaddel? / šenni khəddam? (masculine) / šenni khəddama? (feminine) / škadekhdem? Faš tekhdem? (masculine) / Faš tkhedmi ? (feminine)
What's your name? Ašnu smiytek? / šu smiytek Šenni ismek? Wašta smiytek?
Where are you from? Mnin nta? (masculine) / Mnin nti? (feminine) Mnayen ntina? / Mayen ntina? Min ntaya? / Min ntiya?
Where are you going? Fin ġadi temši? Naymaši? (masculine) / Naymaša? (feminine) Ferak temši? / Ferak rayaḥ
You are welcome La šukr ʿlâ wajib / Bla jmil La šukr ʿlâ wajib La šukr ʿlâ wajib

Grammar

The grammar of Moroccan Arabic is not always simpler than Classical Arabic grammar, but fortunately, as the language is never written, nobody is concerned about spelling. Arabic is a Semitic language See Arabic language for more information on the language in general

The grammar, like the pronunciation, is heavily influenced by Berber. Nomenclature The term Berber has been used in Europe since at least the 17th century and is still used today

The regular Moroccan verb conjugates with a series of prefixes and suffixes. The stem of the conjugated verb may change a bit depending on the conjugation. Example:

(Note that in the following, e represents a schwa-like sound that often disappears entirely when not directly before final consonant. In Linguistics, specifically Phonetics and Phonology, schwa can mean the following An unstressed and toneless neutral Some authors prefer a transcription without these vowels, e. g. ka-tktbu. )

The stem of the Moroccan verb for "to write" is "kteb".

The present tense of this verb:

I'm writing: ka-nekteb

You're (masculine) writing: ka-tekteb

You're (feminine) writing: ka-tketbi

He's/it's writing: ka-yekteb

She's/it's writing: ka-tekteb

We're writing: ka-nketbu

You're (pl) writing: ka-tketbu

They're writing: ka-yketbu

Note that the stem "kteb" turns into "ketb" before a vowel suffix. Between the prefix "kan, kat, kay" and the stem "kteb", an "e" vowel appears, but not between the prefix and the transformed stem "ketb"

In the north, you're writing is always ka-dekteb, regardless of whom you are speaking to. This is also the case of "de" in "dekteb", as northerners prefer to use "de" and southerners prefer using "te". Instead of the prefix "ka", some speakers prefer the use of "ta" (e. g. : ta-nekteb: I'm writing). The co-existence of these two prefixes has historical reasons. In general "ka" is more used in the north and "ta" in the south. In some regions like the east(Oujda)the majority of speakers don't use any preverb(nekteb,tekteb,ykteb. . etc)

The past tense of this verb:

I wrote: ktebt

You wrote: ktebti

He/it wrote: kteb (kteb can also be an order to write, e. g. : kteb er-rissala: Write the letter)

She/it wrote: ketbet

We wrote: ktebna

You (pl) wrote: ktebtu

They wrote: ketbu

To form the future tense, just remove the prefix "ka-/Ta-" and replace it with the prefix "gha", "ghad" or "ghadi" instead (e. g. : ġa-nekteb: I will write. ġad-ketbu (north) or ġadi-tketbu: You (pl) will write).

For the subjunctive and infinitive, just remove the "ka-" (e. g. : bġit nekteb: I want to write, bġit tekteb: I want you to write).

Negation

For negative expressions, the prefix "ma" and suffix "ši" or "š" are added to the verb.

Examples:

Negative pronouns such as "walu", "ḥta ḥaja" (both meaning "nothing") and "ḥta waḥed" (nobody) could be added to the sentence without "šhi" as a suffix.

Examples:

Note: Wellah ma-ne-kteb could be a response to a command to write (kteb), while wellah ma-ġan-kteb could be an answer to a question like "are you going to write?" (waš ġa-dekteb?).

Negative interrogation

In Moroccan Arabic, the word order doesn't change for negative questions in the northern parts of Morocco, but in the western areas and other regions, the word order is preferably changed. The pronoun "waš" could be added in the beginning of the sentence, although it rarely changes the meaning of it. The prefix "ma" can rarely be removed when asking a question in a fast way.

Examples:

A "ka" can be added in the beginning of the sentence when asking a question in an angry or surprised way. In this case, "waš" can't be added.

Examples:


Evolution

In general, Moroccan Arabic is one of the most innovative (in the technical sense of "least conservative") of all Arabic dialects. Nowadays Moroccan Arabic continues to integrate new French words, mainly technological and modern words. Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt However, in recent years constant exposure to revived classical forms on television and in print media and a certain desire among many Moroccans for a revitalization of their Arab and Islamic identities has inspired many Moroccans to integrate words from Standard Arabic, replacing their French or Spanish counterparts or even speaking in Modern Standard Arabic while keeping the Moroccan accent to sound less pedantic. The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. In Linguistics, an accent is a manner of Pronunciation of a language This phenomenon mostly occurs among literate people.

Though rarely written, Moroccan Arabic is currently undergoing an unexpected and pragmatic revival. It is now the preferred language in Moroccan chat rooms or for sending SMS, using Arabic Chat Alphabet composed of Latin letters supplemented with the numbers 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9 for coding specific Arabic sounds as is the case with other Arabic speakers. The term chat room, or chatroom, is primarily used by Mass media to describe any form of Synchronous conferencing, occasionally even Asynchronous conferencing Short Message Service ( SMS) is a Communications protocol allowing the interchange of short text messages between mobile telephone devices. The Arabic chat alphabet or Arabish (عربيزي ‘Arabīzī) is used to communicate in the Arabic language over the Internet or for

The language continues to evolve quickly as can be noted when consulting the Colin dictionary. Many words and idiomatic expressions recorded between 1921 and 1977 are now obsolete.

Diglossia and social prestige

While being a natural localization of Classical Arabic for geographic and historical reasons, as French has evolved from Vulgar Latin, Moroccan Arabic is considered as a language of low prestige [citation needed] and suffers from the fact that Classical Arabic is the language of the Qur'an which serves as a reference. French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Vulgar Latin (in Latin sermo vulgaris, "folk speech" is a Blanket term covering the popular Dialects and Sociolects of the Latin The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran While being the mother tongue of nearly twenty million people in Morocco it is rarely written, this situation probably explains in part the high illiteracy rates in Morocco. A first language (also mother tongue, native language, arterial language, or L1) is the language a human being learns from birth

This situation is not specific to Morocco, but occurs in all Arabic speaking countries. The French Arabist William Marçais coined in 1930 the term diglossie (diglossia) to describe this situation, where two (often) closely-related languages co-exist, one of high prestige, which is generally used by the government and in formal texts, and one of low prestige, which is usually the spoken vernacular tongue. This is an article about the western scholars known as Arabists, not the political movement Pan-Arabism. Year 1930 ( MCMXXX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. In Linguistics, diglossia is a situation where in a given society there are two (often closely-related languages one of high prestige, which is generally used Vernacular refers to the Native language of a country or a locality

Artistic expression

There exists some poetry written in Moroccan Arabic like the Malhun. Malhun is also a city in Lebanon. Malhun (or Milhûn in Arabic الملحون) meaning the melodic poem is a Moroccan In the troubled and autocratic Morocco of the ’70s with no freedom of speech, the legendary Nass El Ghiwane band wrote beautiful and allusive lyrics in Moroccan Arabic which were very appealing to the youth even in other Maghreb countries. Nass el Ghiwane,ناس الغيوان is a musical group appeared in the late 60's in Morocco. The Maghreb (المغرب العربي al-Maġrib al-ʿArabī) also rendered Maghrib (or rarely Moghreb) meaning "place of Sunset

Another interesting movement is the development of an original rap music scene, which explores new and innovative usages of the language. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Generally, Moroccan Arabic remains the preferred language of Moroccan singers.

Newspapers

There are now at least three Moroccan Arabic speaking newspapers, their aim is to bring information to people with a low level of education. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Education encompasses both the Teaching and Learning of Knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency Telquel Magazine had, before being shut down by the government, a Moroccan Arabic edition Nichane. TelQuel (for as is) ( Slogan: Morocco as it is) is a French-language Moroccan weekly Magazine. Nichane (meaning Direct in Moroccan Arabic and Berber: نيشان) (formerly Aljareeda Alokhra) is a Moroccan weekly There is also a free weekly magazine that is totally written in "standard" Moroccan dialect: Khbar Bladna, i. e. 'News of our country'.

See also

References

External links

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