The Mohe (or Malgal, Mogher) were a Tungusic people in ancient Manchuria. The Tungusic languages (also known as Manchu-Tungus Tungus are spoken in Eastern Siberia and Manchuria. Manchuria ( Romanized Manchu: Manju,, Маньчжурия Mongolian: Манж is a historical name given to a vast geographic region in northeast They are sometimes considered the ancestors of medieval Jurchen and modern-day Manchus. The Jurchens ( were a Tungus people who inhabited the region of Manchuria ( Northeast China) until the 17th century when they adopted the name Manchu The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in According to some records, they originally dwelt near the Liao River and later migrated southward. The Liao He (遼河 Liao River is the principal River in southern Manchuria (1345 km According to Chinese records, they were governed by the Buyeo kingdom, but broke free during the Chinese Three Kingdoms period. Buyeo, Puyŏ, or Fuyu was an ancient Korean kingdom located from today's Manchuria to northern North Korea, from around the 2nd The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of They subsequently became an autonomous state. They were involved in the early history of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. The Three Kingdoms of Korea ( refer to the ancient Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula The records of Baekje and Silla during the 1st century and 2nd century AD include numerous battles against the Mohe. Baekje (18 BCE – 660 CE or Paekche, was a kingdom located in southwest Korea Silla (57 BC – 935 AD was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. The 1st century was the Century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. The 2nd century is the period from 101 to 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era.

The Mohe were divided into various tribes, the most powerful of which were the Sumo Mohe. A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally consists of a Social group existing before the development of or outside of States Many anthropologists use The Mohe (or Malgal, Mogher) were a Tungusic people in ancient Manchuria. The Sumo Mohe were eventually conquered by Goguryeo, and the other Mohe tribes by Sui Dynasty China. Goguryeo or Koguryo was an ancient Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean peninsula, southern Manchuria, and The Sui Dynasty ( 581 - 618 AD and in the undertaking of other construction projects including the reconstruction of the Great Wall. Many Mohe moved back toward their northern homeland in this period. The "Mohe" section of the "Beidi Zhuan" (北狄传, Communications of the Northern "Di" Barbarians) of the "Jiu Tang Shu" (旧唐书, Old Book of Tang) states: "Their country is all (or "roughly") comprised of some tens of 'bu' (roughly "tribes," but also just generally meaning "divisions"), each having a chief, some of whom are attached to the Goryeo, and some of whom serve as common people (i. The Goryeo Dynasty ( 918 - 1392) (also spelled Koryŏ was a Sovereign state established in 918 by Taejo Wang Kon. e. , vassals) to the Tujue. Göktürks ( Turkish: Gök Türkler) were a Turkic people of ancient Central Asia. "

The Mohe also participated in the later kingdom of Balhae, 698-926. Alternate meaning Bohai Sea Balhae (698 - 926 ( Bohai in Chinese, Пархэ in Russian) was an The founder of Balhae, Dae Joyeong was recorded to be a former Goguryeo general of Sumo Mohe stock (New Book of Tang), although the Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms (Samguk Yusa) written by Koreans several hundred years later states that he was of Goguryeo stock. Goguryeo or Koguryo was an ancient Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean peninsula, southern Manchuria, and The New Book of Tang ( is a classic work of history about the Tang Dynasty edited by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi (宋祁 and other official scholars of the Samguk Yusa, or Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms, is a collection of legends folktales and historical accounts relating to the Three Kingdoms of Korea ( Goguryeo ^[1] After the fall of Balhae, few historical traces of the Mohe can be found, though they are considered to be the main ethnic group that became the Jurchen. The Jurchens ( were a Tungus people who inhabited the region of Manchuria ( Northeast China) until the 17th century when they adopted the name Manchu

The name of the Mohe also appears as "Maka" in "Shin-Maka" (Japanese 新靺鞨, しんまか) or "New Mohe," the name of a dance and the musical piece that accompanies it, which was introduced to the Japanese court during the Nara Period or around the beginning of the Heian Period from the Balhae Kingdom. Alternate meaning Bohai Sea Balhae (698 - 926 ( Bohai in Chinese, Пархэ in Russian) was an In modern Japanese historical texts, the name of the Mohe is annotated with the "kana" reading Makkatsu (まっかつ), which is probably a reading pronunciation based on the standard Sino-Japanese readings of the Chinese characters used to transcribe the ethnonym of the Mohe. Kana is a general term for the syllabic Japanese scripts Hiragana (ひらがな and Katakana (カタカナ as well as the old system

The ethnonym of the Mohe bears a notable resemblance to that of the later historically attested *Motgit (Chinese characters : 勿吉 Middle Chinese : Moji Korean: 물길 Japanese: もっきつ pinyin : Wùjí), as well as to that of the medieval Merkits, who opposed the rise of the Mongols lead by Genghis Khan. A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( Middle Chinese ( or Ancient Chinese as used by linguist Bernhard Karlgren, refers to the Chinese language spoken during Southern and Northern This article is mainly about the spoken Korean language See Hangul for details on the native Korean writing system is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use The Merkit, Merged, or Mergid ( Merged means "wise ones" "adept ones" "skillful ones" "(skillful archers" Genghis Khan ( or;, Chinggis Khaan, ʧiŋgɪs χaːŋ Činggis Qaɣan; 1162–1227 born (meaning "ironworker" was the Mongol founder

Mohe Tribes

According to some records, there were seven/eight Mohe tribes :

Notable personalities

Sumo Mohe/Yan Prefecture Mohe chieftains

• Tudiji (突地稽 Hangul : 돌지계 Pinyin:Tūdìjī) ca. The Songhua River (also known as the Sungari River in English a name which comes from the Manchu language meaning White River) is a River in The Changbai Mountains or Baekdu Mountains are a Mountain range on the border between China and North Korea (41°41' to 42°51'N 127°43' to The Mudanjiang River or Mudan River ( Manchu: Mudan bira， translated as the Peony River is a River in Heilongjiang province in China The Heishui Mohe or Heuksoo Malgal or Black-Water Mohe (黑水靺鞨 Hangul: 흑수말갈 pinyin Hēishuǐ Mòhé Jurchen / Manchu ( Postal map spelling: Heilungkiang Manchu: Sahaliyan ula is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use 580-620
• Li Jin-xing (李謹行 Hangul : 이근행 Pinyin:Lǐ Jǐnháng) (619-683), Chinese name of the Mogher chieftain Tudiji's son
• Li Duozuo (李多祚 Hangul : 이다조 Pinyin:Lǐ Duōzuò)
• Qiqi Zhongxiang (乞乞仲象 Hangul : 걸걸중상 pinyin:Qǐqǐ Zhòngxiàng) later known as Dae Jung-sang. Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Li Duozuo ( Hangul: 이다조 (d August 7, 707) formally the Prince of Liaoyang (遼陽王 was an ethnically Mohe general of Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Dae Jung-sang was the contribute of Balhae, and the father of Dae Joyeong, who was the founder of Balhae.

Footnotes

• Relationship between Mohe aristocratic names, Jurchens and Hungarian names

See also

• History of China
• History of Korea
• List of Korea-related topics
• Balhae