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This article is about Hygiene in Islam. Fiqh ( Arabic: فقه, fɪqəh is Islamic Jurisprudence. Fiqh is an expansion of the Sharia Islamic law—based directly on the An academic discipline or field of study is a branch of Knowledge which is taught or Researched at the college or university level This is a sub-article to Religious education, Academic discipline, and Islam. This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Law and economics. Islamic economics is Economics in accordance with Islamic law See also Modern Islamic philosophy, Islamism, Islamic terrorism Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Quran, the Sunna In Islamic law Marriage ("ʿurs" عرس is a legal bond and Social contract between a man and a woman as prompted by the Shari'a. This is a sub-article of Fiqh and Criminal law. Islamic criminal law (فقه العقوبات is Criminal law in accordance This is a sub-article of Islamic jurisprudence and Etiquette. This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic theology. This is a sub-article to Fiqh and Hygiene Hygiene is a prominent topic in Islam. This is a sub-article to Islamic hygienical jurisprudence and Cleanliness. This is a sub-article of Hajj and Islamic cleanliness. Ihram (إحرام iḥrām, from the triconsonantal root Ḥ-R-M This article is about Hygiene in Islam. Wudu ( Arabic: الوضوء al-wuḍū', Persian:آبدست ābdast Ghusl (غسل is an Arabic term referring to the full ablution (ritual washing required in Islam for various rituals and prayers This article is about Hygiene in Islam. Tayammum (تيمم refers to the dry Ablution in Islam using sand or dust which may This is a sub-article to Hygiene in Islam. In Islamic law, najis (نجس are things or persons regarded as ritually unclean This is a sub-article of Sexuality in Islam and Islamic cleanliness. This is a sub-article to Hygiene in Islam, Healthy diet and Food and cooking hygiene. Dhabīḥah (ar ذَبِيْحَة is the prescribed method of Ritual slaughter of all animals excluding fish and most sea-life per Islamic law The legal aspects of ritual slaughter include the regulation of Slaughterhouses Butchers and religious personnel involved with traditional Shechita (Jewish The Islamic dietary laws ( Dhabiha Halaal) and the Jewish dietary laws ( Kashrut) are both quite detailed and contain both points of similarity and This is a sub-article to Hygiene in Islam and Toilet The Islamic faith has particular rules regarding personal hygiene when going to the Islamic military jurisprudence consists of the basic laws governing the conduct of the military aspects of Jihad (also known as "lesser Jihad " This is a sub-article to Fiqh and Hygiene Hygiene is a prominent topic in Islam.

The miswak (miswaak, siwak) is a natural toothbrush made from the twigs of the Salvadora persica tree, also known as the arak tree or the peelu tree. The toothbrush is an instrument consisting of a small Brush on a handle used to clean Teeth through Tooth brushing. The toothbrush tree, Salvadora persica (other names Galenia asiatica, Salvadora indica, "Peelu" or " Pīlu " Other tree types that are used are the olive, walnut, and other trees with bitter roots. The Olive ( Olea europaea) is a Species of small Tree in the family Oleaceae, native to the coastal areas of the eastern Walnuts (genus Juglans) are Plants in the family Juglandaceae.

Contents

History

The miswak is predominant in Muslim areas but its use predates the inception of Islam. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. It is also known as 'Kayu Sugi' ('chewing stick'). It is often mentioned that prophet Muhammad himself recommended its use. IMPORTANT PLEASE READ ##### For all questions relating to the addition of (pbuh peace be upon him or other honorifics

Scientific studies

In 2007, Researchers at the Wrigley Company carried out tests on nine volunteers. Writing in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, they found mints laced with Magnolia (Miswak is Salvadora persica, which belongs to the Magnoliophyta Division of the Plant Kingdom) killed 20 times more bacteria than mints without. After half an hour, the magnolia mint had killed more than 60% of the bacteria, compared to just 3. 6% among those who had consumed a normal mint. "Magnolia bark extract demonstrated a significant anti-bacterial activity against organisms responsible for oral malodour and can be incorporated into mints and chewing gum for improved breath freshening benefits. "

Advocates of magnolia have long praised its properties, claiming it can alleviate the symptoms of conditions ranging from rheumatism to asthma. [1]

A 2003 scientific study comparing the use of miswaak with ordinary toothbrushing concluded that the results clearly were in favor of the users who had been using the miswaak provided they had been given proper instruction in how to brush using the miswaak[1]. The WHO recommended the use of the miswaak in 1986 and in 2000 an international consensus report on oral hygiene concluded that further research was needed to document the effect of the miswak[2]. Recent research by Dr Otaybi from Saudi [2] opened a new area for research on the systemic effects of Miswak ( Sewak ) after discovering its great positive effect on the immunity system. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi Dr. Rami Mohammed Diabi [3]who spent more than 17 years researching on Miswak effects on health and especially its anti-addiction effects [4] on smokers ( curative & Preventive sides ) had opened a great field of science and researches by his last research : "Miswak Medicine theory " or Sewak Puncture medicine [5] which led him to what is so called Beyond Sewak: World of Science and Research)[6] Miswak also is contributing in the fight against desertification (See effects of Salvadora Persica "Miswak tree" on stopping deserts and fixing the soil [7]), thereby affecting our environment and global climate.

"Miswak extract" compared to other oral disinfectants

Studies indicate that Salvadora persica extract is somewhat comparable to other oral disinfectants and anti-plaque agents like Triclosan and Chlorhexidine Gluconate if used at a very high concentration. Triclosan ( IUPAC name: 5-chloro-2-(24-dichlorophenoxyphenol is a potent wide spectrum antibacterial and antifungal agent Chlorhexidine is a chemical Antiseptic.It kills (is bactericidal to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative Microbes although it is less effective [3][4].

Religious prescriptions

Although not mentioned in the Qur'an use of the miswak is frequently advocated in the Hadith (the traditions relating to the life of Muhammad). The Qur’an ( القرآن, literally "the recitation" also sometimes transliterated as Qur’ān, Koran, Alcoran Hadith ( ar الحديث, pl aḥadīth; lit. "narrative" are oral Traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic Situations where the miswak is recommended to be used include before religious practice, before entering one's house, before and after going on a journey, on Fridays, before and after sleeping, when experiencing hunger or thirst and before entering any good gathering.

In addition to strengthening the gums, preventing tooth decay and eliminating toothaches, the miswak is also said to halt further increase in decay that has already set in. Dental caries is a disease that damages Tooth structures resulting in what is commonly called tooth decay or cavities which are holes in the teeth Furthermore, it is claimed to create a fragrance in the mouth, eliminate bad odour, improve the sense of taste and cause the teeth to glow and shine.

Supposed benefits not related to teeth and gum include sharpening memory, curing headaches, creating a lustre on the face of the one who continually uses it, strengthening the eyesight, assisting in digestion and clearing the voice. None of these claims, however, have been researched scientifically.

Examples of Hadith concerning the Miswak

From Sahih Bukhari:

Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "If somebody eats or drinks forgetfully then he should complete his fast, for what he has eaten or drunk, has been given to him by God. Abu Hurairah ( أبو هريرة) (also known as `Abd al-Rahman ibn Sakhr Al-Azdi ( عبدالرحمن بن صخر الأذدي) Abu Hurayrah Sawm ( Arabic: صوم is an Arabic word for Fasting regulated by Islamic jurisprudence. " Narrated 'Amir bin Rabi'a, "I saw the Prophet cleaning his teeth with Siwak while he was fasting so many times as I can't count. " And narrated Abu Huraira, "The Prophet said, 'But for my fear that it would be hard for my followers, I would have ordered them to clean their teeth with Siwak on every performance of ablution. This article is about Hygiene in Islam. Wudu ( Arabic: الوضوء al-wuḍū', Persian:آبدست ābdast " The same is narrated by Jabir and Zaid bin Khalid from the Prophet who did not differentiate between a fasting and a nonfasting person in this respect (using Siwak).
Aisha said, "The Prophet said, "It (i. Aisha bint Abu Bakr (died 678 (Arabic ar عائشة Transliteration ʿāʾisha, ʕaːʔɪʃæh "she who lives" also transcribed as A'ishah, Ayesha e. Siwak) is a purification for the mouth and it is a way of seeking God's pleasures. " Ata' and Qatada said, "There is no harm in swallowing the resultant saliva. "
Narrated Abu Burda: My father said, "I came to the Prophet and saw him carrying a Siwak in his hand and cleansing his teeth, saying, 'U' U'," as if he was retching while the Siwak was in his mouth. "


From Sahih Muslim

'Abd al-Rahman son of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported on the authority of his father that the Messenger of God said: Bathing on Friday for every adult, using of Miswak and applying some perfume, that is available-these are essential. Sahih Muslim ( Arabic: صحيح مسلم ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, full title "Al-Musnadu Al-Sahihu bi Naklil Adli" is one of the Six major collections "Juma" redirects here For the indigenous Brazilian group see Juma people. So far as the perfume is concerned, it may be that used by a lady.

Maintenance

A miswak should be one hand span in length when selected. If it becomes dry, it should be soaked in rose water to ensure the end is soft. thumb|right|250px|Rose water Rose water or rose syrup (گلاب Golâb, Gül suyu ماء ورد Māʾ ward, Urdu: گلاب رس The end should be cut afresh to ensure hygiene, and should never be stored near a toilet or sink. A toilet is a Plumbing fixture and disposal system primarily intended for the disposal of the bodily wastes: Urine and fecal matter. In Plumbing, a sink or basin is a bowl-shaped fixture that is used for washing hands or small objects such as Food, dishes It can be used by cutting the branches instead of roots ( like people of Sudan's habit ) keeping in mind that the roots can keep the humidity of Miswak more than the branches ( longer time usage).

References

  1. ^ Al-Otaibi M, Al-Harthy M, Soder B, Gustafsson A, Angmar-Mansson B. (2003). "Comparative effect of chewing sticks and toothbrushing on plaque removal and gingival health.". Oral Health Prev Dent 1 (4): 301–7.  
  2. ^ http://www.uib.no/info/dr_grad/2003/darout.htm in Norwegian
  3. ^ Almas, K. Norwegian ( norsk) is a North Germanic Language spoken primarily in Norway, where it is an official language (Aug 2002). "The effect of Salvadora persica extract (miswak) and chlorhexidine gluconate on human dentin: a SEM study.". J Contemp Dent Pract. 3 (3): 27–35.  
  4. ^ Almas, K; Skaug, N; Ahmad, I. (Feb 2005). "An in vitro antimicrobial comparison of miswak extract with commercially available non-alcohol mouthrinses.". Int J Dent Hyg. 3 (1): 18–24.  

Further reading

See also

External links

Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the Mouth and Teeth clean in order to prevent dental problems and bad breath. The toothbrush is an instrument consisting of a small Brush on a handle used to clean Teeth through Tooth brushing. This is a sub-article to Fiqh and Hygiene Hygiene is a prominent topic in Islam. This is a sub-article to Islamic hygienical jurisprudence and Cleanliness.
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