Other missions bearing the name Santa Cruz include the Mission Santa Cruz de San Sabá
and the Mission San Lorenzo de la Santa Cruz in Texas,
along with four separate outposts located throughout the State of Florida. The Spanish Missions in Texas comprise a series of Religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans Jesuits and The Spanish Missions in Texas comprise a series of Religious outposts established by Spanish Catholic Dominicans Jesuits and Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. Beginning in the sixteenth century the Kingdom of Spain established a number of missions throughout ''la Florida'' in order to convert the Indians to Christianity to facilitate Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the

Mission Santa Cruz

An exterior view of the reconstructed Mission Santa Cruz chapel.
Location	Santa Cruz, California
Name as Founded	La Misión de la Exaltación de la Santa Cruz [1]
English Translation	The Mission of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross
Patron	The Exaltation of the Cross [2]
Nickname(s)	"The Hard-luck Mission" [3]
Founding Date	August 29, 1791 [4]
Founding Priest(s)	Father Fermín Lasuén [5]
Founding Order	Twelfth [2]
Military District	Fourth [6]
Native Tribe(s) Spanish Name(s)	Awaswas / Ohlone, Yokuts Costeño
Native Place Name(s)	Uypi [7]
Baptisms	2,439 [8]
Marriages	827 [8]
Burials	1,972 [8]
Secularized	1834 [2]
Governing Body	Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey
Current Use	Chapel / Museum
California Historical Landmark	#342
Web Site	http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/7151/

Mission Santa Cruz was consecrated on August 29, 1791 and named for the "Celebration of the Sacred Cross," the name that the explorer Gaspar de Portolà had given to the area when he camped on the banks of the San Lorenzo River on October 17, 1769 and erected a wooden cross. Santa Cruz is the County seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California, United States. The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members In the Christian Liturgical calendar, there are several different feasts known as Feasts of the Cross, all of which commemorate the cross used in the Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Father Padre Fermín Francisco de Lasuén de Arasqueta ( June 7 1736 &ndash June 26 1803) was a Spanish Missionary to The Spanish missions in California comprise a series of Religious outposts established by Spanish Catholics of the Franciscan Order between Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Awaswas people (also known as Santa Cruz) are one of eight divisions of the Ohlone (Coastanoan Native Americans of Northern California The Ohlone people also known as the Costanoan and as the Muwekma, are the indigenous people of Northern California who have lived in the The Yokuts (also known as Mariposans) are an Ethnic group of Native Americans that live in central and northern California. In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted Secularization or secularisation generally refers to the process of transformation by which a Society migrates from close identification with religious institutions The Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey in California ( Latin: Dioecesis Montereyensis in California) is an ecclesiastical territory or Diocese California Historical Landmarks (CHLs are buildings structures sites or places in the state of California that have been determined to have statewide historical Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1791 ( MDCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Gaspar de Portolà i Rovira (1716 1784 was a soldier Governor of Baja and Alta California (1767&ndash1770 Explorer and founder of The San Lorenzo River drains a large watershed in Santa Cruz County California. Events 539 BC - King Cyrus The Great of Persia marches into the city of Babylon, releasing the Jews from almost Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a ^[4] As with the other California missions, Mission Santa Cruz served as a site for ecclesiastical conversion of natives, first the Ohlone, the original inhabitants of the region, and later the Yokuts from the east. The Ohlone people also known as the Costanoan and as the Muwekma, are the indigenous people of Northern California who have lived in the The Yokuts (also known as Mariposans) are an Ethnic group of Native Americans that live in central and northern California. The settlement was the site of the first autopsy in Alta California. An autopsy, also known as a post-mortem examination, necropsy, or obduction, is a Medical procedure that consists of a thorough Examination ^[5] Today, Mission Santa Cruz functions as a museum open to visitors; the replica chapel, located near the original Mission site has weekday masses and is available for weddings and funerals. A chapel is a holy place or area of Worship for Christians, which may be attached to an institution such as a large church, a College, a The Holy Cross Church on the site of the original church is an active and busy parish of the Diocese of Monterey. A parish is a Local church; it is an administrative unit typically found in episcopal or presbyterian churches The Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey in California ( Latin: Dioecesis Montereyensis in California) is an ecclesiastical territory or Diocese "Plaza Park," which is situated at the center of the former Mission complex, was at one time the site of 32 buildings.

Precontact

The current prevailing theory postulates that Paleo-Indians entered the Americas from Asia via a land bridge called "Beringia" that connected eastern Siberia with present-day Alaska (when sea levels were significantly lower, due to widespread glaciation) between about 15,000 to 35,000 years ago. Paleo-Indians or Paleo-Americans were the ancient peoples of the Americas who were present at the end of the last Ice Age. The Bering land bridge was a Land bridge roughly 1000 miles (1600 km north to south at its greatest extent which joined present-day Alaska and eastern Siberia Siberia (Сиби́рь Sibir) is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving Alaska ( Аляска Alyaska) is a state in the United States of America, in the northwest of the North American continent The remains of Arlington Springs Man on Santa Rosa Island are among the traces of a very early habitation in California, dated to the last ice age (Wisconsin glaciation) about 13,000 years ago. Arlington Springs Man is the name given a set of human remains discovered on an island off the coast of California Santa Rosa Island is the second largest of the Channel Islands of California at 53195 acres (215 An ice age is a period of long-term reduction in the Temperature of the Earth 's surface and atmosphere resulting in an expansion of continental Ice sheets "Last glacial" redirects here For the period of maximum glacier extent during this time see Last Glacial Maximum The last glacial period The first humans are therefore thought to have made their homes among the southern valleys of California's coastal mountain ranges some 10,000 to 12,000 years ago; the earliest of these people are known only from archaeological evidence. ^[9] The cultural impacts resulting from climactic changes and other natural events during this broad expanse of time were negligible; conversely, European contact was a momentous event, which profoundly affected California's native peoples. ^[10] hellow

History

Mission Santa Cruz was originally established in 1791 on the floodplain of the San Lorenzo River. That winter, the mission was flooded as the San Lorenzo swelled with the rains. The padres set out to rebuild the mission on the hill overlooking the river. On the night of December 14, 1793 Mission Santa Cruz was attacked and partially burned by members of the Quiroste tribe who inhabited the mountains to the east of Point Año Nuevo. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Over 50 villages and tribes of the Ohlone (also known as Costanoan Native American people have been identified as existing in Northern California circa 1769 History The Quroste Ohlone Native Americans were the first people known to inhabit the Año Nuevo area The attack was purportedly motivated by the forced relocation of native Indians to the Mission. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States On October 12, 1812 Father Andrés Quintana was beaten to death and his body disfigured (allegedly, his testicles were smashed) by natives angry over his use of a metal-tipped whip in the punishment of Mission laborers. Events 539 BC - The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon. Year 1812 ( MDCCCXII) a leap year started on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Andrés Quintana, OFM ( November 27, 1777 &ndash October 12, 1812) was a Spanish missionary who labored in the Mission Santa Cruz ^[11]

In 1797, the Spanish governor of Monterey founded the secular pueblo (town) of Branciforte, across the San Lorenzo River from Mission Santa Cruz. Branciforte or as it was named Villa de Branciforte was a secular Pueblo established by the Spanish in 1797 on the eastern bluff overlooking the The San Lorenzo River drains a large watershed in Santa Cruz County California. The frequent gambling and smuggling which occurred in and through Branciforte brought what the padres of Mission Santa Cruz considered an unwelcome element to the area. In 1818, the Mission received advance warning of an attack by the "pirate" Hipólito Bouchard and was evacuated. Piracy is Robbery committed at sea or sometimes on shore without a commission from a sovereign Nation (as distinct from Privateering Hippolyte de Bouchard, or Hipólito Bouchard ( January 15, 1780, or 1783– January 4, 1843) was a French ^[12] The citizens of Branciforte were asked to protect the Mission's valuables; instead, they looted the Mission. Looting ( Hindi lūṭ akin to Sanskrit luṭhati steals also Latin latro, latronis A series of earthquakes in 1857 destroyed the Mission. The lands were put up for sale, but no buyer was found. In 1858, a wood-frame church was built on the old Mission property. In 1889, the current Gothic style Holy Cross Church was built on the original adobe site. See also Gothic art Gothic architecture is a style of Architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. Adobe bricks are a Natural building material made from Sand, Clay, water and some kind of fibrous or Organic material ( Sticks, There is nothing left of the original Mission except for a row of buildings which at one time housed local Yokut and Ohlone Indian families, and a protected remnant of the mission wall standing behind the current Holy Cross Church. The Yokuts (also known as Mariposans) are an Ethnic group of Native Americans that live in central and northern California. The Ohlone people also known as the Costanoan and as the Muwekma, are the indigenous people of Northern California who have lived in the In 1931, Gladys Sullivan Doyle proposed to construct a replica of the Mission; she used her own funds to build a half-size replica of the original church.

Other historic designations

A view of Holy Cross Church which sits at the site of the former Mission Santa Cruz, circa 1900.

• National Register of Historic Places #NPS-76000530 — Mission Hill Area Historic District

Notes

References

A look inside the reconstructed (half-size) chapel at
Mission Santa Cruz in December, 2004. Note the exposed
wood vigas (beams) that comprise the roof structure.

• Forbes, Alexander (1839). California: A History of Upper and Lower California. Smith, Elder and Co. , Cornhill, London.  
• Jones, Terry L. and Kathryn A. Klar (eds. ) (2007). California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity. Altimira Press, Landham, MD. ISBN 0-759-10872-2.  
• Krell, Dorothy (ed. ) (1979). The California Missions: A Pictorial History. Sunset Publishing Corporation, Menlo Park, CA. ISBN 0-376-05172-8.  
• Leffingwell, Randy (2005). California Missions and Presidios: The History & Beauty of the Spanish Missions. Voyageur Press, Inc. , Stillwater, MN. ISBN 0-89658-492-5.  
• Levy, Richard. (1978). in William C. Sturtevant, and Robert F. Heizer: Handbook of North American Indians. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. ISBN 0-16-004578-9 / 0160045754, page 486.  
• Milliken, Randall (1995). A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area 1769-1910. Ballena Press Publication, Menlo Park, CA. ISBN 0-87919-132-5.  
• Paddison, Joshua (ed. ) (1999). A World Transformed: Firsthand Accounts of California Before the Gold Rush. Heyday Books, Berkeley, CA. ISBN 1-890771-13-9.  
• Ruscin, Terry (1999). Mission Memoirs. Sunbelt Publications, San Diego, CA. ISBN 0-932653-30-8.  
• Yenne, Bill (2004). The Missions of California. Thunder Bay Press, San Diego, CA. ISBN 1-59223-319-8.  

See also

• USNS Mission Santa Cruz (AO-133) — a Buenaventura Class fleet oiler built during World War II. Operational history SS Mission Buenaventura was laid down 29 March 1944 under a Maritime Commission contract by Marinship Corporation, History The technology of oil transportation has evolved alongside the oil industry World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including

External links

• Official parish website
• Elevation & Site Layout sketches of the Mission proper
• Early photographs, sketches, land surveys of Mission Santa Cruz, via Calisphere, California Digital Library