| Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar | |
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| In office December 10, 1838 – December 13, 1841 |
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| Preceded by | Sam Houston |
| Succeeded by | Sam Houston |
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| Died | December 19, 1859 (aged 61) near Richmond, Texas |
| Resting place | Morton Cemetery Richmond, Texas |
| Nationality | American, Texan |
| Spouse | Tabitha Jordan Lamar (died 1830) |
| Relations | Lucius Q. C. Lamar (brother) Lucius Q. C. Lamar II (nephew) |
| Children | Rebecca Ann Lamar (born c. The Republic of Texas was formed in 1836 In the midst of the Texas Revolution, Texan settlers elected delegates to the Convention of 1836, which issued the Events 1041 - Empress Zoe of Byzantium elevates her adoptive son to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire as Michael V Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life For the game see 1841 (board game. Year 1841 ( MDCCCXLI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The city of Richmond is the County seat of Fort Bend County in the U Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The city of Richmond is the County seat of Fort Bend County in the U Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Republic of Texas was a sovereign Nation in North America between the United States and Mexico that existed from 1836 to This article is about the Associate Justice of the US Supreme Court for Justice Lamar's father of the same name who was a Georgia lawyer and state court judge 1827) |
Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar (August 16, 1798 – December 19, 1859) was the second president of the Republic of Texas, following David G. Burnet (1836 as ad-interim president) and Sam Houston. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1798 ( MDCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Republic of Texas was a sovereign Nation in North America between the United States and Mexico that existed from 1836 to David Gouverneur Burnet ( April 14, 1788 &ndash December 5, 1870) was an early politician within the Republic of Texas, serving Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier
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Early years
Lamar was born August 16, 1798 in Georgia. Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1798 ( MDCCXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule He had little formal education as a child, but he loved to read and educated himself through books. Although he was accepted to Princeton University, Lamar chose not to attend. Princeton University is a private Coeducational research university located in Princeton, New Jersey. Instead, he worked as a merchant and then ran a newspaper, but both of those enterprises failed. [1]
In 1823, Lamar's family connections helped him to gain a position as the private secretary to Georgia Governor George M. Troup. This article is about the US politician George Troup For other persons named George Troup see George Troup (disambiguation. In this position, Lamar issued press releases and toured the country giving speeches on behalf of the governor. On one of his trips, he met Tabatha Jordan, whom he married in 1826. [1]
When Troup lost his reelection bid in 1828 Lamar established another newspaper, the Columbus Enquirer. The Columbus Ledger-Enquirer is a McClatchy newspaper headquartered in Columbus Georgia, in the United States. This venture was much more successful than his previous business attempts. The year after its establishment Lamar's wife died, and he withdrew his name from consideration for election to the Georgia Senate and began to study law. The Georgia State Senate is the Upper house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state Legislature of Georgia) He was admitted to the bar in 1833 and ran an unsuccessful campaign for a seat in the U.S. Congress. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses [1]
He was also a Master Mason, and a member of Harmony Lodge No. 6 in Galveston, TX.
Texas Revolution
Lamar's brother Lucius committed suicide in 1834, and a grief-stricken Lamar began traveling to escape his memories. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar ( July 15, 1797 – July 4, 1834) was a native Georgian, a jurist who was the father of a Supreme In the summer of 1835 he ended up in Texas and decided to stay. Mexican Texas is the given name by Texas history scholars to the period between 1821 and 1836 when Texas was governed by Mexico. [1] He joined Sam Houston's army in spring 1836 and distinguished himself with bravery at the Battle of San Jacinto. Samuel Houston ( March 2, 1793 July 26, 1863) was a 19th century American statesman politician and soldier The Battle of San Jacinto, fought on April 21, 1836, in present-day Harris County Texas, was the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution. [1] On the eve of the battle, Lamar made a courageous rescue of two surrounded Texans in a move that drew a salute from the Mexican lines. He was promoted to Col. and was the commander of the cavalry during the battle the following day.
His actions led to an appointment as the Secretary of War in the ad interim Texas government, and, in 1836, he was elected vice-president of the Republic of Texas under Houston. The Republic of Texas was a sovereign Nation in North America between the United States and Mexico that existed from 1836 to [1]
Texas President
Lamar was the unanimous choice to replace Houston as president in 1838, and was inaugurated on December 1, 1838. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common [1] It was said that when Houston was giving his farewell speech, Houston was dressed like George Washington and when he went on the stage he noticed that Lamar was very eager to give his speech. Houston lengthened his farewell address to 3 hours, "which so unnerved Lamar that he was unable to read his inaugural speech. " Instead, it was given by his aide, Algernon P. Thompson. [1] In his first formal address to the Texas Congress several weeks later, Lamar urged that the Cherokee and Comanche tribes be driven from their lands in Texas, even if the tribes must be destroyed. mThe Congress of the Republic of Texas was the national legislature of the Republic of Texas established by the Constitution of the Republic of Texas in 1836 The Cherokee (ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ a-ni-yv-wi-ya, in the Cherokee language) are a people native to North America, who at the time of European contact The Comanche are a Native American ethnic group whose range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day eastern New Mexico, southern Colorado He also proposed to create a national bank and to secure a loan from either the United States or Europe. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Finally, he opposed annexation to the United States and wished to entice European countries to recognize the Republic of Texas. [2]
His first actions were against the Indian tribes, and in 1839 his troops drove the Cherokee tribes from Texas. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The bloody battle resulted in the death of Houston's friend Chief Bowles, leaving Houston very angry at Lamar. A similar campaign was fought against the Comanche, but although many lives were lost, the Comanches could not be forced from the area. [2] Lamar's view towards Native Americans as a whole became increasingly strenuous against tribes, believing that it was necessary to cause their “total extinction. ”[3]
Lamar also appointed a commission to select a permanent site for the capital of the Republic. After two months of debate, they recommended the small town of Waterloo along the Colorado River. The Colorado River (' Aha Kwahwat in Mojave) is a River in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, approximately The town was renamed Austin, and by October 1839 all of the state records and employees had transferred from Houston to Austin. [2] That same year, he also founded the Texas State Library (presently known as the Texas State Library and Archives Commission). The Texas State Library and Archives Commission (TSLAC refers to the agency in the state of Texas that is charged with overseeing and assisting with state-wide library programs [2]
During his administration, Lamar sent three separate agents to Mexico to enact a peace settlement. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. All of them failed. Nonetheless, Lamar succeeded in gaining official recognition for his country from the United Kingdom, France, and Belgium. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those [4] Despite several attempts to secure a loan from these and other countries, Lamar was unsuccessful. To fill the treasury, he instead authorized issuance of a large amount of Republic of Texas paper money, known as Redbacks. Texas redbacks were the informally named paper Money issued between January 1839 and September 1840 by Mirabeau B The paper money was virtually worthless. Spending doubled during Lamar's term as well, and this, combined with the worthless currency, caused severe financial difficulties for the government of the country. [2][4]
Lamar firmly believed that the Rio Grande River was the western boundary of Texas and wanted to send an expedition to New Mexico to establish trade and possibly convince the residents there to join the Republic. New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. The Texas Congress refused to fund the expedition in both 1839 and 1840. Lamar tired to waiting for permission, and in June 1841 he took $89,000 from the treasury and sent an expedition on his own. The members were arrested when they reached Santa Fe, and, although told they would soon be released, they were marched to Mexico City. Santa Fe ( Navajo: Yootó is the Capital of the state of New Mexico. Mexico City (in Spanish: Ciudad de México, México DF, México or simply Méjico) is the Capital city of Mexico Many of the members died during their enforced march. [4]
Lamar is considered the Father of Texas Education. During his administration, he convinced the legislature to set aside 3 leagues of land for each county for equipping schools. An additional 50 leagues of land were set aside for the support of two universities, later Texas A&M University and the University of Texas. Texas A&M University, often called A&M or TAMU, is a Coeducational public Research University located in College Station Although nothing was implemented during his term, these actions set the foundation for a Texas-wide public school system. [2]
Later years
Houston became president again when Lamar's term completed in later 1841. Lamar returned to service in the army, and further distinguished himself at the Battle of Monterrey during the Mexican-American War. In the Battle of Monterrey (September 21&ndash23 1846 during the Mexican-American War, General Pedro de Ampudia and the Mexican Army of the North In late 1847 he became a post commander at Laredo but disliked the job as he wished to see more action. Laredo ( "luh-RAID-o" in English in Spanish is the County seat of Webb County, Texas, United States While in Laredo, he married again. [5]
He represented Laredo in the Texas State Legislature for several years after Texas was annexed to the United States. The Texas Legislature is the state legislature of the US state of Texas. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In 1857, President James Buchanan appointed Lamar to be the Minister to Nicaragua. James Buchanan Jr (April 23 1791 – June 1 1868 was the fifteenth President of the United States (1857–1861 Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America Lamar served in Managua for twenty months before returning to Texas in October 1859 because of health issues. Managua is the Capital city of Nicaragua as well as the department and municipality by the same name He died of a heart attack on December 19, 1859 and was buried in Richmond. Events 324 - Licinius abdicates his position as Roman Emperor. Year 1859 ( MDCCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The city of Richmond is the County seat of Fort Bend County in the U [5]
Legacy
Lamar County, Texas, in northeast Texas, is named after Mr. Lamar County is a County located in the US state of Texas. In 2000 its population was 48499 Lamar. Lamar Boulevard, a major thoroughfare in Austin also carries his name.
Lamar University in Beaumont, Lamar State College in Port Arthur, Lamar State College in Orange, Lamar Institute of Technology in Beaumont, Lamar High School in Houston, Lamar High School in Arlington, and Lamar Consolidated High School in Rosenberg are also named for him, as are numerous elementary and junior high/middle schools throughout Texas. Lamar University is a four-year university located in Beaumont Texas, and a member of The Texas State University System. Beaumont is a city in and the County seat of Jefferson County, Texas, United States, within the Beaumont&ndash Port Arthur Metropolitan Mirabeau B Lamar Senior High School is a Secondary school located at 3325 Westheimer Road in Houston, Texas, United States, with Mirabeau B Lamar High School is a secondary school in Arlington Texas. Arlington is a Suburb of Fort Worth in Tarrant County, Texas ( USA) within the Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington metropolitan area Lamar Consolidated High School is a grades 9-12 school located in Rosenberg, Texas, United States. Rosenberg is a city located in the US state of Texas within Fort Bend County and is part of the Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown Metropolitan
The North Lamar Independent School District, also carries his name, but mostly because it is located in the county named after him. North Lamar Independent School District is a public School district based in Paris, Texas ( USA)
Lamar also wrote poetry and published his works in a book titled Verse Memorials. He was labelled the "Poet President" and derided by his detractors that he was a better poet than president.
Lamar also served as the first US Ambassador to the Republic of Costa Rica 1857-1859.
Footnotes
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hendrickson (1995), p. 35.
- ^ a b c d e f Hendrickson (1995), p. 37.
- ^ Anderson, Gary C. The Conquest of Texas: Ethnic Cleansing in the Promised Land 1820-1875, 2005, pg. Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 174, ISBN 0806136987
- ^ a b c Hendrickson (1995), p. 38.
- ^ a b Hendrickson (1995), p. 39.
References
- Hendrickson, Kenneth E. , Jr. (1995), The Chief of Executives of Texas: From Stephen F. Austin to John B. Connally, Jr. , College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, ISBN 0890966419
External links
- Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar from the Handbook of Texas Online
- Sketch of Mirabeau Lamar from A pictorial history of Texas, from the earliest visits of European adventurers, to A.D. 1879, hosted by the Portal to Texas History. College Station is a city in Brazos County, Texas, situated in Central Texas. Texas A&M University Press is a scholarly publishing house associated with Texas A&M University. The Handbook of Texas (ISBN 0-87611-151-7 is a comprehensive Encyclopedia of Texas geography history and historical persons published by the Texas
- U.S. & Texas Jurisdiction Conflict, June 3, 1839 From Texas Tides
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Lorenzo de Zavala ad interim |
Vice President of the Republic of Texas 1836–1838 |
Succeeded by David G. Burnet |
| Preceded by Sam Houston first term |
President of the Republic of Texas 1838–1842 |
Succeeded by Sam Houston second term |
| Diplomatic posts | ||
| Preceded by John H. Wheeler |
United States Minister to Nicaragua February 8, 1858–May 20, 1859 |
Succeeded by Alexander Dmitry |
| Vacant
Title last held by
Solon Borland |
United States Minister to Costa Rica September 14, 1858–May 20, 1859 |
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