Minnie Mouse
Minnie Mouse in the Disney Dreams Come True parade at Magic Kingdom
First appearance	Plane Crazy, 1928
Created by	Walt Disney
Voiced by	Walt Disney (1928) Marcellite Garner (1928-1940) Thelma Boardman (1940-1942) Ruth Clifford (1942-1952) Russi Taylor (1986 to date)
Also known as	Princess Minnie, Maestro Minnie

Minerva "Minnie" Mouse is an animated cartoon of the Mickey Mouse universe featured in animated cartoons, comic strips and comic book by The Walt Disney Company. An animated cartoon is a short hand-drawn (or made with computers to look similar to something hand-drawn Film for the cinema, Television or computer The Mickey Mouse Universe ( not an official term used by the Walt Disney Company) is the setting where Mickey Mouse and the characters associated with him An animated cartoon is a short hand-drawn (or made with computers to look similar to something hand-drawn Film for the cinema, Television or computer A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist A comic book (often shortened to simply comic and sometimes called a comic paper or comic magazine) is a Magazine or Book of narrative The comic strip story "The Gleam" (published January 19-May 2, 1942) by Merrill De Maris and Floyd Gottfredson first gave her full name as Minerva Mouse. Merrill De Maris is an artist who worked on Disney Comic Strips for King Features Syndicate. Arthur Floyd Gottfredson ( May 5, 1905 &mdash July 22, 1986) was an American Cartoonist best known for his defining work Minerva has since been a recurring alias for her. The MInisterial NEtwoRk for Valorising Activities in digitisation, or MINERVA, is a European Union organization concerned with the digitisation of cultural and

The comic strip story "Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers" (published September 22–December 26, 1930) introduced her father Marcus Mouse and her unnamed mother, both farmers. Marcus Mouse is a Fictional character of the Mickey Mouse universe, introduced in the Mickey Mouse Comic strip by Floyd Gottfredson The same story featured photographs of her grandparents Marshall Mouse and Matilda Mouse. Her best known relatives however remains her uncle Mortimer Mouse and her twin nieces, Millie and Melody, though most often a single niece, Melody, appears. Mortimer Mouse Minnie Mouse's uncle Mortimer Mouse is a Fictional character created by Floyd Gottfredson for The Walt Disney Company. Melinda and Melody Mouse are Fictional characters of the Mickey Mouse universe featured in Comic strips and Comic book by The In many appearances, Minnie is presented as a close friend of Daisy Duck^[1], Donald Duck's girlfriend and occasionally a friend to Clarabelle Cow. Daisy Duck is one of Walt Disney 's Cartoon and Comic book characters Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. Clarabelle Cow is a Fictional character created by Ub Iwerks in 1928 for Walt Disney. Minnie's sister Mandie Mouse was a recurring character early on. Mandie Mouse is the younger sister of Minnie Mouse. Her portrait is shown in Minnie's Country House in the Magic Kingdom.

Origins of the character

In 1928, Walt Disney created Mickey Mouse to act as a replacement to his previous star Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. Walter Elias Disney (December 5 1901 – December 15 1966 was a multiple Academy Award -winning American Film producer, director, Screenwriter Mickey Mouse is a comic animal Cartoon character who has become an icon for The Walt Disney Company. Oswald the Lucky Rabbit is an Anthropomorphic Rabbit Animated cartoon character created by Ub Iwerks and Walt Disney for films But Mickey could not fill the void alone. Among the few consistent character traits Oswald had developed before moving on to Universal Studios was his near-constant pursuit of potential sweethearts. Universal Studios (sometimes called Universal Pictures or Universal City Studios) a subsidiary of NBC Universal, is a major Global American So for Mickey to have a chance to emulate his predecessor at flirting, someone had to replace Oswald's many love interests. This replacement to Miss Rabbit, Miss Cottontail, Fanny and an uncertain number of unnamed nurses and dancers was to become Minnie Mouse.

Minnie, who at the time was not yet named, was designed in the fashion of a "flapper" girl. The term flapper in the 1920s referred to a "new breed" of young Women who wore short skirts bobbed their hair listened to the new Jazz music She was so probably intended to follow the trends of then-modern youth culture in an effort to add to her audience appeal. A youth subculture is a Youth -based Subculture with distinct styles behaviours and interests

Mickey and Minnie debuted together in Plane Crazy, first released on May 15, 1928. Plane Crazy (first released on May 15, 1928) was the first Animated cartoon to feature Mickey Mouse Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. ^[2] Minnie is invited to join Mickey in the first flight of his aircraft. She accepts the invitation but not his request for a kiss in mid-flight. Mickey eventually forces Minnie into a kiss but this only results in her parachuting out of the plane. This first film depicted Minnie as somewhat resistant to the demanding affection of her potential boyfriend and capable of escaping his grasp.

Their debut however featured the couple already familiar to each other. The next film featuring them was The Gallopin' Gaucho. The Gallopin' Gaucho ( 1928) was the second film featuring Mickey Mouse to be produced following Plane Crazy ^[3] The film was the second of their series to be produced, but the third to be released, and was released on December 30, 1928. Events 1460 - Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield. 1816 - The Treaty of St Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. We find Minnie employed as the barmaid and dancer of Cantina Argentina, a bar and restaurant established in the Pampas of Argentina. Laguna de Gomezjpg|thumb|left|240px|Lake Gomez near Junín in the heart of the Pampas grain belt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. She performs the Tango for Mickey the gaucho and Black Pete the outlaw. Tango is a Musical genre and its associated dance forms that originated in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay and Gaucho ( gaúcho in Portuguese, "gaucho" in Spanish) is a term commonly used to describe residents of the South American Pampas Black Pete could refer to one of the following characters in fiction Zwarte Piet, a character in Dutch folklore and companion of Sinterklaas. Both flirt with her but the latter intends to abduct her while the former obliges in saving the Damsel in Distress from the villain. The subject of the damsel in distress, or persecuted maiden is a classic theme in world literature art and film All three characters acted as strangers first being introduced to each other.

They appear together again in Steamboat Willie^[4], the third short of the series to be produced but released second on November 18, 1928. Steamboat Willie ( 1928) is an Animated cartoon featuring Mickey Mouse released on November 18, 1928. Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Pete was featured as the Captain of the steamboat, Mickey as a crew of one and Minnie as their single passenger. Captain is the traditional customary title given to the person in charge in command of a Ship at sea A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving a Propeller The two anthropomorphic mice first star in a sound film and spend most of its duration playing music to the tune of "Turkey in the Straw". Anthropomorphism is the attribution of uniquely Human characteristics to non-human creatures and beings natural and supernatural phenomena material states and objects A sound film is a motion picture with synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image as opposed to a Silent film. " Turkey in the Straw " is a well known American Folk song dating from the early 19th century

A recurring co-star

The commercial success of Steamboat Willie helped introduce Mickey and Minnie into the audience. Steamboat Willie ( 1928) is an Animated cartoon featuring Mickey Mouse released on November 18, 1928. Twelve more films featuring Mickey were produced in 1929. But Minnie only co-starred in seven of them and was mentioned in an eighth. The first of them was The Barn Dance ^[5], first released on March 14, 1929. The Barn Dance ( 1929) first released on March 14, 1929, was the first of twelve Mickey Mouse shorts released during that year Events 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Minnie stands at the center of attention as Mickey and Pete rival each other in order to win her favor. Both offer to pick her up for the dance but she chooses Pete's newly purchased automobile over Mickey's horse-cart. When the automobile breaks down she resorts to go with Mickey. The latter proves a clumsy dancing partner, repeatedly stepping on her feet, and so she turns to Pete again. She is surprised when Mickey asks for another dance and seems to be light on his feet. However she is disgusted when Pete points that his rival had placed a balloon in his shorts. She resumed dancing with Pete. Minnie proves to be rather demanding as a partner in a romantic relationship. Mickey obviously has yet to claim her as his girlfriend by this point. Their attempt at farming life would prove short-lived. Their next appearance in The Karnival Kid (May 23, 1929) ^[6] casted Mickey as a hot dog vendor and Minnie as a carnival Shimmy Dancer. The Karnival Kid ( 1929) is a Mickey Mouse short subject first released on May 23, 1929. A shimmy is a Dance move in which the Body is held still except for the Shoulders which are alternated back and forth Minnie then appears as a fiddle player in Mickey's Choo Choo (June 26, 1929) ^[7]. Classical music Since the Baroque era the violin ( Baroque violin) has been one of the most important of all instruments in classical music, for several

Minnie's Yoo Hoo

Her next appearance was arguably more significant. Mickey's Follies (June 26, 1929) ^[8], featured the first performance of the song "Minnie's Yoo Hoo. " "The guy they call little Mickey Mouse" for the first time addresses an audience to explain that he has "Got a sweetie" who is "Neither fat nor skinny" and proudly proclaims that "She's my little Minnie Mouse". Mickey then proceeds in explaining his reaction to Minnie's call.

The song firmly establishes Mickey and Minnie as a couple and expresses the importance Minnie holds for her male partner. Soon it would become the theme song to their all the series.

Damsel in distress

Her final appearance for the year was in Wild Waves ^[9], carried by a wave into the sea. She panics and seems to start drowning. Mickey uses a row boat to rescue her and return her to the shore but Minnie is still visibly shaken from the experience. Mickey starts singing the tune of "Rocked in the Cradle of the Deep,", a maritime ballad, in an apparent effort to cheer her up. Minnie cheers up and the short ends. This is arguably the first time Minnie is placed in danger and then saved by her new boyfriend. It would not be the last.

In fact this was the case with her next appearance in The Cactus Kid (April 12, 1930) ^[10]. The Cactus Kid is a 1921 short Western film directed by Lee Kohlmar and featuring Hoot Gibson. As the title implies the short was intended as a Western movie parody, but it is considered to be more or less a remake of The Gallopin' Gaucho set in Mexico instead of Argentina. The Western is a fiction Genre seen in Film, Television, Radio, Literature, Painting and other Visual arts. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Minnie was again cast as the local tavern dancer who is abducted by Peg-Leg Pedro (Black Pete in his first appearance with a peg-leg). Black Pete could refer to one of the following characters in fiction Zwarte Piet, a character in Dutch folklore and companion of Sinterklaas. Mickey again comes to the rescue. The short is considered significant for being the last short featuring Mickey and Minnie to be animated by Ub Iwerks. Ub Iwerks, ASC ( Ubbe Ert Iwwerks) ( 24 March 1901 &ndash 7 July 1971) was a two-time Academy Award winning

The Shindig (July 11, 1930) ^[11]featured Minnie joining Mickey, Horace and Clarabelle in a barn dance. Among them Clarabelle seems to be the actual star of the short. Director Burt Gillett turned in another enjoyable entry in the series, proved that production could go on without Iwerks. Burton F Gillett ( October 15, 1891 - December 28, 1971) was a director of animated films. This was arguably the first time Minnie was upstaged by a female co-star.

In The Fire Fighters (August 6, 1930) ^[12]Minnie is trapped in a hotel during a fire. She spends the duration of the short in mortal peril but is rescued by firefighters under chief Mickey Mouse. Horace Horsecollar is among the firefighters. An unnamed cow in the background is possibly Clarabelle making a cameo. The music of the short was, appropriately, the tune of "There'll Be A Hot Time In The Old Town Tonight. "

The next entry in the series is considered curious: The Gorilla Mystery (October 1, 1930) ^[13]. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. The short starts with Beppo the Gorilla escaping from a zoo. Mickey learns of it and panics. He phones Minnie to warn her about the dangerous gorilla wandering about. Minnie is unconcerned and plays tunes on her piano for Mickey to hear over the phone and know she is not afraid. Her tunes are interrupted by her scream and Mickey rushes to her house to save her. Meanwhile Beppo has wrapped up Minnie in rope and holds her hostage. Mickey confronts the gorilla and once again rescues the damsel in distress. The short ends with Minnie and Mickey jointly wrapping up the gorilla in rope. Modern audiences have commented on elements of bondage apparent in the short and the mysterious motivation of Beppo. In the context of BDSM, bondage involves people being tied up or otherwise restrained for pleasure Note that the theme of kidnapping by a gorilla is present here three years prior to the King Kong film of 1933. King Kong is the name of a fictional giant ape from the fictional Skull Island, who has appeared in several works since 1933

Introduction of a pet

In The Picnic (November 14, 1930) ^[14], Minnie introduces her boyfriend to her new pet dog Rover. The Picnic (full title The Two Ronnies Present - The Picnic) is a 1976 BBC film starring The Two Ronnies, and written by This is actually Pluto making his first appearance as an individual character. Pluto (formerly known as Pluto the Pup) is an Animated cartoon character made famous in a series of Disney short cartoons. Two unnamed bloodhound guard dogs strikingly similar to him had previously appeared in The Chain Gang (August 18, 1930) ^[15] which featured Mickey incarcerated in prison without Minnie at his side. This article about the Mickey Mouse film For the radio series see The Chain Gang (radio series. Otherwise the short features a typical picnic excursion harassed by forest animals and brought to a premature end by a sudden rain.

The final appearance of Minnie during the year was Pioneer Days (animated short film) (December 10, 1930) ^[16]. The short featured Minnie and her mate as pioneer settlers heading to the American Old West driving a covered wagon in a wagon train. The Conestoga wagon is a heavy broad-wheeled covered freight carrier used extensively during the United States in the late 1700s and 1800s Wagon Train is a Television Western Series on NBC from 1957 - 1962 and then on ABC from 1962- They are unsurprisingly attacked by Native Americans on their way, a stock plot of Western movies at the time. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States The Western is a fiction Genre seen in Film, Television, Radio, Literature, Painting and other Visual arts. While their fellows are either subjected to scalping or running for their lives, Minnie is captured by the attackers. Scalping is the act of removing the Scalp, usually with the hair as a portable proof or trophy of prowess in war Mickey attempts to rescue her only to be captured himself. In a reversal of their usual roles , Minnie escapes her captors and rescues her mate. They then dress as soldiers of the United States Army. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. Their mere appearance proves sufficient to have the entire tribe running for the hills. The Mouse couple stands triumphant at the end. The short has been criticized for its unflattering depiction of Native Americans as rather bestial predators. Their depiction as being part Jewish is not particularly fondly seen by modern audiences either. The finale has been edited out in recent viewings for depicting the "braves" submitting to cowardice.

Marriage to Mickey

Walt Disney said in a 1933 interview, "In private life, Mickey is married to Minnie. A lot of people have written to him asking this question, because sometimes he appears to be married to her in his films and other times still courting her. What it really amounts to is that Minnie is, for screen purposes, his leading lady. If the story calls for a romantic courtship, then Minnie is the girl; but when the story requires a married couple, then they appear as man and wife. In the studio we have decided that they are married, really. " Also, in House of Mouse Mickey mentions his and Minnie's anniversary implying that he and Minnie are married. ^[17]

Contemporary appearances

Since then she has been co-starring with Mickey Mouse, Pluto, and Figaro, Minnie's own cat who debuted in Pinocchio. Figaro is a Fictional character who first appeared in Disney's Pinocchio. Pinocchio is the second Animated feature in the Walt Disney Animated Classics.

She starred in a television special called Totally Minnie and she also appeared in a line of merchandise called "Minnie 'n Me". Totally Minnie is a 1987 musical television special on NBC hosted by Suzanne Somers and starring Minnie Mouse. Minnie 'n Me was a 1990s merchandise branding program from The Walt Disney Company featuring the comic character Minnie Mouse in her childhood days

Minnie returned to animation came in Mickey's Christmas Carol (October 20, 1983). Mickey's Christmas Carol is a twenty-four minute animated Short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and originally released in the Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony Year 1983 ( MCMLXXXIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar) ^[18]. She was cast as Mrs. Cratchit. As with most Disney characters, she was given a small cameo in "Who Framed Roger Rabbit" (1988). Who Framed Roger Rabbit is a 1988 Live-action/animated film produced by Amblin Entertainment and The Walt Disney Company (released Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar)

Minnie Mouse in Mickey Mouse Works (1999)

In Mickey Mouse Works, she finally appeared in her own segments. Mickey Mouse Works is a television show that features the cartoon character Mickey Mouse and his friends in a series of animated segments Mickey Mouse Works is a television show that features the cartoon character Mickey Mouse and his friends in a series of animated segments Occasionally, she starred in "Maestro Minnie" ^[19] shorts, in which she conducts an orchestra of living instruments that she usually has to tame. In House of Mouse Minnie is in charge of running the nightclub, while Mickey primarily serves as the host, and appears in the Playhouse Disney children's television series Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Disney's House of Mouse is an American Animated Television series, produced by Walt Disney Television, that originally aired from Playhouse Disney is the brand name for Disney Channel 's preschool programs often airing as its own channel outside of the United States Children's television series are Television programs designed for and marketed to Children normally broadcast during the Morning and Afternoon Mickey Mouse Clubhouse is a Children's television series, that premiered in prime time on Disney Channel on May 5, 2006.

She appears in the Kingdom Hearts game series as the Queen of Disney Castle, with Mickey serving as the King and her husband. is an Action role-playing game developed and published by Squaresoft (now Square Enix) in 2002 for the PlayStation 2 Video game console She, at the suggestion of a letter left by the missing King, sends Donald Duck and Goofy on their mission to find Mickey and the Keyblade Master. Donald Duck is a cartoon character from The Walt Disney Company. Goofy is an Animated cartoon character from Walt Disney 's Mickey Mouse universe. In the second game in the series, Kingdom Hearts II, there is a mission where the main characters must travel through Disney Castle while serving as the Queen's bodyguard. is an Action role-playing game developed by Square Enix and published by Square Enix and Buena Vista Games (now Disney Interactive Studios in 2005 for the Sony During this time, Minnie shows prowess as a sorceress, casting a holy-looking white light on the Heartless that attack as well as a powerful combination with Sora that unleashes a huge beam of light all around her. Square Enix 's and Disney 's Kingdom Hearts series of video games takes place in an unnamed Outer space -like fictional universe with numerous self-contained

In the 2004 direct-to-video movie Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers, Minnie plays the role of the princess of France, who continually daydreams about her true love, Mickey. Mickey Donald Goofy The Three Musketeers (also known as simply The Three Musketeers) is a Direct-to-video animated adaptation She's also the only monarch getting in the way of the plans of Pete, who can't take over the kingdom if he cannot get rid of her. Interestingly, for this particular film, Minnie is drawn with hair bangs, which do not appear in any later cartoons.

In the "Disney on Ice" play Disney Presents Pixar's The Incredibles in a Magic Kingdom Adventure, Mickey and Minnie are both taken hostage by an android replica of Syndrome, who seeks to construct "his" own idea of The Happiest Place on Earth in Walt Disney World's place. An android is a Robot designed to resemble a human usually both in appearance and behavior Syndrome is a Fictional character, the main antagonist in the 2004 film The Incredibles. They are briefly imprisoned in the Pirates of the Caribbean attraction's prison cell before an assault on the robot Syndrome by the Incredible Family forces "him" to lock them up in LASER prisons, but not without using a flamethrower in a botched attempt to incinerate their would-be superhuman saviors. Pirates of the Caribbean is a multi-billion dollar Walt Disney franchise encompassing a theme park ride a series of films A laser is a device that emits Light ( Electromagnetic radiation) through a process called Stimulated emission. A flamethrower is a mechanical device designed to project a long controllable stream of Fire. A superhuman is an entity with intelligence or abilities exceeding normal human standards After the robot Syndrome is congealed by Frozone, Mickey and Minnie are finally liberated, the Walt Disney World Resort is restored to its former glory, and the Incredibles become Mickey and Minnie's newest friends.

References

External links

• Minnie Mouse at the INDUCKS