Mindanao
Map of the Philippines showing the island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao
Geography
Location	South East Asia
Archipelago	Philippine islands
Total islands	7,107
Major islands	Luzon, Mindanao, Mindoro, Palawan
Area	97,530 km²
Rank	19th
Highest point	Apo 2,954 m
Administration
Philippines
Regions	Caraga, Davao, Muslim Mindanao, Northern Mindanao, SOCCSKSARGEN, Zamboanga Peninsula
Largest city	Davao (1,747,116)
Demographics
Population	18,133,864 (as of 2000)
Density	172. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Luzon is the largest and most economically and politically important Island in the Philippines and one of the three island groups in the country with Visayas Visayas ( Visayan: Kabisay-an) is one of the three island groups in the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP Luzon is the largest and most economically and politically important Island in the Philippines and one of the three island groups in the country with Visayas For the unincorporated community of Mindoro Wisconsin in the United States of America see Mindoro Wisconsin. Palawan Island is the largest island of the Palawan Province, Philippines. This is a list of Islands in the world ordered by area. It includes all islands with an area greater than 2500 km² (970 square miles Mount Apo is a large Stratovolcano on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP For the municipality in the province of Davao Oriental, see Caraga Davao Oriental Caraga is an administrative region Davao Region, designated as Region XI, is one of the regions of the Philippines, located on the southeastern portion of Mindanao. Geography The region is divided into two geographical areas &ndash the Mindanao mainland and the Sulu Archipelago. Designated as Region X of the Philippines, Northern Mindanao ( Filipino Hilagang Mindanao) is composed of five SoCCSKSarGen is a region of the Philippines, located in central Mindanao, and is officially designated as Region XII. For Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula see Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula. The City of Davao ( Tagalog: Lungsod ng Dabaw; Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Dabaw) is the largest city on the island of 5/km²
Indigenous people	Bajao, Visayan (Butuanon, Surigaonon), Lumad (Kamayo, Manobo, Tasaday, T'boli), Moro (Maguindanao, Maranao)

Mindanao is the second largest and easternmost island in the Philippines. The Bajau, (also written as Badjao, Badjaw or Badjau) are an indigenous Ethnic group of Malaysia and the southern The Visayans ( Visayan, Filipino: Bisaya) are the largest ethnolinguistic group in the Philippines. The Butuanon are part of the wider Visayan ethnolinguistic group who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. The Surigaonon people are part of the wider Visayan ethnolinguistic group who constitute the largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. The Lumad is a term being used to denote a group of indigenous peoples of the southern Philippines. Kamayo is a minor language spoken in the area of Bislig City and also in San Agustin and Marihatag Surigao del Sur in the Southern Philippines. Cotabato Manobo is a Manobo language spoken in Mindanao, the Philippines. - The Tasaday ( IPA) are a group ( Cf Tribe) of the deep and mountainous Rainforests of the southern Philippine island The T'boli are one of the Indigenous peoples of Southern Mindanao. The Moro are a Multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian ethnic group in the Philippines, comprising about 5 The Maguindanao are part of the wider Moro ethnic group who constitute the sixth largest Filipino ethnic group. Maranao is the term used for the people of Lanao, a predominantly Muslim region in the Philippine island of Mindanao. An island (ˈaɪlənd or isle (/ˈaɪl/ is any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water in two dimensions above high tide and isolated from other significant The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP It is also one of the three island groups in the country, along with Luzon and Visayas. Luzon is the largest and most economically and politically important Island in the Philippines and one of the three island groups in the country with Visayas Visayas ( Visayan: Kabisay-an) is one of the three island groups in the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao. Historically, the island was also known as Gran Molucas or Great Mollucas.

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Mountains and Plateaus 2.2 Plains 3 Political divisions 4 Musical heritage 5 See also 6 Notes and References 7 External links

History

Mindanao is named after the Maguindanaons. The Maguindanao are part of the wider Moro ethnic group who constitute the sixth largest Filipino ethnic group. Evidence of human occupation dates back tens of thousands of years. In prehistoric times the Negrito people arrived. The term Negrito refers to several ethnic groups in isolated parts of Southeast Asia. Sometime around 1500 BC Austronesian peoples spread throughout the Philippines and far beyond. The Austronesian people or Austronesian-speaking people, are a population group present in Oceania and Southeast Asia who speak or had ancestors who spoke

Islam spread to the region during the 13th century AD and Philippine sultanates were established, like that of Sulu and Maguindanao. For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. For the province see Sulu. The Sultanate of Sulu was a Muslim State that ruled over many of the islands of the The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Filipino Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. In the late 16th to early 17th century, first contact with Spain occurred, with Spanish forces trying to occupy the area. As a means of recording the passage of Time, the 17th Century was that Century which lasted from 1601 - 1700 in the Gregorian calendar Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.

Today the region is home to the country's Muslim or Moro populations, composed of many ethnic groups such as the Maranao and the Tausug, the Banguingui (users of the vinta), and the collective group of tribes known as the Lumad. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion The Moro are a Multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian ethnic group in the Philippines, comprising about 5 Maranao is the term used for the people of Lanao, a predominantly Muslim region in the Philippine island of Mindanao. This article is about the people name Tausūg For their language see Tausug language. Banguingui (Also Sama Banguingui Sama Bangingi’ Bangingi Samal Banguingui is a distinct ethno-linguistic group dispersed throughout the Greater Sulu Archipelago and southern The vinta ( locally known as lepa-lepa or sakayan) is a traditional boat found in the Philippine island of Mindanao. The Lumad is a term being used to denote a group of indigenous peoples of the southern Philippines.

Contrary to common belief, only a portion of Mindanao was inhabited by Muslims after the arrival of Islam. In fact, most of the people in the northern and eastern part of the island practiced native religions before they were converted to Christianity. The Philippines is one of 2 predominantly Christian countrys in Asia (the other being East Timor) Nonetheless, a bitter struggle for independence has been waged by various Muslim factions for five centuries against successive occupiers. Spanish, American, Japanese, and government forces failed to quell the desire for separation from the largely Christian nation. Spanish East Indies The story of the Philippines from 1521 to 1898 is an exciting epic of how a handful of Christian missionaries Spanish conquistadores This article covers the history of the Philippines from 1898 to 1946 Due to an influx of migration, as well as evangelization, the majority of Mindanao's population is now predominantly Christian. Proselytism is the practice of attempting to convert people to another opinion and particularly another religion This has caused some resentment among the poor and seemingly displaced Muslims which in turn fuels the more violent and radical separatist movements that have been occurring recently. Mindanao is a staging ground for groups branded as terrorists such as Abu Sayyaf and Jemaah Islamiyah that undermine moderate organizations such as the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). "Sword of God" redirects here For the 7th century Arab Muslim military commander known as the "Sword of God" see Khalid ibn al-Walid. History The JI was established as a loose confederation of several Islamic groups The Moro National Liberation Front ( MNLF) is a political organization in the Philippines.

Geography

Mindanao is the second largest island in the country at 94,630 square kilometers. The island is mountainous, and is home to Mount Apo, the highest mountain in the country. Mount Apo is a large Stratovolcano on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. Mindanao is surrounded by seas: the Sulu Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south. The Sulu Sea is a large sea in the southwestern area of the Philippines. The Philippine Sea is a Marginal sea east and north of the Philippines occupying an estimated Surface area of 90 000 mi² (1 000 000 The Celebes Sea (or the Sulawesi Sea (Laut Sulawesi of the western Pacific Ocean is bordered on the north by the Sulu Archipelago and Sulu Sea Of all the islands of the Philippines, Mindanao shows the greatest variety of physiographic development. High, rugged, faulted mountains; almost isolated volcanic peaks; high rolling plateaus; and broad, level, swampy plains are found there.

The island group of Mindanao encompasses Mindanao island itself and the Sulu Archipelago to the southwest. Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. The island group is divided into six regions, which are further subdivided into 25 provinces. In the Philippines, regions ( Filpino: rehiyon, ISO 3166-2PH) are administrative division that serve primarily to organize the 81 The provinces of the Philippines are the primary administrative divisions of the Philippines.

Mountains and Plateaus

The mountains of Mindanao can be conveniently be grouped into five ranges, including both complex structural mountains and volcanoes. The structural mountains on the extreme eastern and western portions of the island show broad exposures of Mesozoic rock with ultrabasic rocks at the surface in many places along the east coast. Surface rock in other areas of the island is mainly Tertiary and Quarternary volcanic or sedimentary. The chuprichondira geological time interval covers roughly the time span between the demise of the non- avian Dinosaurs and beginning of the most recent Ice Age, approximately Overview The term Quaternary ("fourth" was proposed by Giovanni Arduino in 1759 for alluvial deposits in the Po river valley in northern

Paralleling the east coast, from Bilas Point in Surigao del Norte to Cape Agustin in southeast Davao, is a range of complex mountains known in their northern portion as the Diwata Mountains. Surigao del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. This range is low and rolling in its central portion. A proposed road connecting Bislig on the east coast with the Agusan River would pass through a ten-mile broad saddle across the mountains at a maximum elevation of less than 250 meters while the existing east-west road from Lianga, 30 air miles north of Bislig, reaches a maximum elevation of only 450 meters. Agusan redirects here This page refers to the river For the provinces see Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur. Bislig City is a 4th class city in the province of Surigao del Sur, Mindanao Philippines. The Diwata Mountains, north of these low points, are considerably higher and more rugged, reaching an elevation of 2,012 meters in Mount Hilonghilong, 17 miles northeast of Butuan City. The City of Butuan ( Tagalog: Lungsod ng Butuan) is the regional center of the Caraga Region in the Philippines. The southern portion of this east coast range is broader and even more rugged than the northern section. In eastern Davao, several peaks rise above 2,500 meters and one unnamed mountain rises to 2,810 meters.

The east facing coastal regions of Davao and Surigao del Sur are marked by a series of small coastal lowlands separated from the other by rugged forelands which extend to the water’s edge. Offshore are numerous coral reefs and tiny islets. Coral reefs are Aragonite structures produced by living organisms found in marine waters with little to no nutrients in the water For human anatomy see Islets of Langerhans An islet is a small Island. This remote and forbidding coast is made doubly difficult to access during the months from October to March by the heavy surf driven before the northeast trades. A few miles offshore is found the Mindanao or Philippine Deep. The Philippine Trench or Philippine Deep or Mindanao Trench or Mindanao Deep is a Submarine trench to the east of the Philippine Islands This ocean trench, reaching measured depths of 35,400 feet, marks one of the greatest depths known on the earth’s surface.

A second north-south range extends along the western borders of Agusan and Davao provinces from Camiguin Island in the north to Tinaca Point in the south. Agusan redirects here This page refers to the river For the provinces see Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur. Davao Region, designated as Region XI, is one of the regions of the Philippines, located on the southeastern portion of Mindanao. This is the article on the island province of Camiguin in the Philippines This range is mainly structural in origin, but it also contains at least three active volcano peaks. In the central and northern portions of this range, there are several peaks between 2,000 and 2,500 meters and here the belt of mountains is about 30 miles across. West of the city of Davao two active volcanoes, Mount Talomo at 2,693 meters and Mount Apo at 2,954 meters, the highest point in the Philippines, dominate the skyline, South of Mount Apo, this central mountain belt is somewhat lower than it is to the north, with peaks averaging 1,100 and 1,800 meters only. Mount Apo is a large Stratovolcano on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines.

In Western Mindanao, a range of complex structural mountains forms the long, hand-like Zamboanga Peninsula. For Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula see Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula. These mountains, reaching heights of only 1,200 meters, are not as high as the other structural belts in Mindanao. In addition, there are several places in the Zamboanga Mountains where small inter-mountain basins have been created, with some potential for future agricultural development. The northeastern end of this range is marked by the twin peaks of the now extinct volcano, Mt. Malindang, which rise splendidly behind Ozamis City to a height of 2,425 meters. Ozamiz is a 2nd class city in the province of Misamis Occidental, Philippines. Mt. Dapia is the highest mountain in the Zamboanga Peninsula reaching a height of 2,617 meters (8,586 feet). Meanwhile, Batorampon Point is the highest mountain of the southernmost end of the peninsula reaching a height of only 1,335 meters (4,380 feet) located in the boundery of Zamboanga City. Batorampon Point is the tallest mountain in Zamboanga City. It is also the tallest mountain in the westernmost point of the island of Mindanao in the Philippines Officially the City of Zamboanga ( Chavacano de Zamboanga / Spanish: Ciudad de Zamboanga)

A series of volcanic mountains is found near Lake Lanao in a broad arc through Lanao del Sur, northern Cotabato and western Bukidnon provinces. Lake Lanao or Ranaw is a large Lake in the Philippines, located in Lanao del Sur province in the country's southern island of Lanao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao Bukidnon (būkĭd'nŏn Cebuano: Probinsiya sa Bukidnon; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Bukidnon) is a landlocked province At least six of the twenty odd peaks in this area are active and several are very impressive as they stand in semi-isolation. The Butig Peaks, with their four crater lakes, are easily seen from Cotabato. Mount Ragang, an active volcano cone, reaching 2,815 meters is the most isolated, while the greatest height is reached by Mount Kitanglad at 2,896 meters. Mount Ragang, is a Stratovolcano on Mindanao island in the Philippines. Mount Kitanglad is a dormant volcanolocated in the Kitanglad Mountain Range in Bukidnon.

In southwestern Cotabato, still another range of volcanic mountains is found, this time paralleling the coast. Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao These mountains have a maximum extent of 110 miles from northwest to southeast and measure some 30 miles across. The best known mountain here is Mount Parker whose almost circular crater lake measures a mile and a quarter in diameter and lies 300 meters below its 2,040 meter summit. Crater Lake is a Caldera Lake located in the US state of Oregon.

A second important physiographic division of Mindanao is the series of upland plateaus in Bukidnon and Lanao del Sur provinces. Bukidnon (būkĭd'nŏn Cebuano: Probinsiya sa Bukidnon; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Bukidnon) is a landlocked province Lanao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM These plateaus are rather extensive and almost surround several volcanoes in this area. In Geology and Earth science, a plateau, also called a high plateau or tableland, is an area of highland, usually consisting Plate tectonics and hotspots Divergent plate boundaries At the The plateaus are comprised of basaltic lava flows interbedded with ash and volcanic tuff. Near their edges the plateaus are cut by deep canyons and at several points spectacular waterfalls drop to the narrow coastal plain. For the song see CANYONMID. For the band see Canyon (band. A canyon (rarely cañon) or gorge These falls hold considerable promise for development of hydroelectric energy. Indeed, one such site at Maria Cristina Falls has already become a major producer. Maria Cristina Falls is a Waterfall of the Agus River on the island of Mindanao. Because the rolling plateaus lie at an elevation averaging 700 meters above sea level, they offer relief from the often oppressive heat at the coastal lowlands. Lake Lanao occupies the major portion of one such plateau in Lanao del Sur. Lake Lanao or Ranaw is a large Lake in the Philippines, located in Lanao del Sur province in the country's southern island of Lanao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM This largest lake on Mindanao and second in the country is roughly triangular in shape with an 18-mile long base. Having a surface at 780 meters above sea level, and being rimmed on the east, south and west by series of peaks reaching 2,300 meters, the lake provides a scenic grandeur and pleasant temperature seldom equaled in the country. Marawi City, at the northern tip of the lake, is bisected by the Agus River which feeds the Maria Cristina Falls. Marawi City popularly known as Islamic City of Marawi is a 3rd class city in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines Agus River is a river that flows for 365 km from Lanao Lake to Iligan Bay, Philippines. Maria Cristina Falls is a Waterfall of the Agus River on the island of Mindanao.

Another of Mindanao’s spectacular waterfall sites is located in Malabang, 15 miles south of Lake Lanao. Lake Lanao or Ranaw is a large Lake in the Philippines, located in Lanao del Sur province in the country's southern island of Here the Jose Abad Santos Falls present one of the nation’s scenic wonders at the gateway to a 200-hectare national park development.

Plains

Mindanao contains two large inland lowland areas, the valleys of the Agusan and Mindanao rivers in Agusan and Cotabato Provinces, respectively. Agusan redirects here This page refers to the river For the provinces see Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur. The Mindanao River also known as the Rio Grande de Mindanao, is the second largest river system in the Philippines, after the Cagayan River of Luzon Agusan redirects here This page refers to the river For the provinces see Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur. Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao There is some indication that the Agusan Valley occupies a broad syncline between the central mountains and the east coast mountains. This valley measures 110 miles from south to north and varies from 20-30 miles in width. Thirty five miles north of the head of Davao Gulf lay the watershed between the Agusan and the tributaries of the Libuganon River which flows to the Gulf. The elevation of this divide is well under 200 meters indicating the almost continuous nature of the lowland from the Mindanao Sea on the north to the Davao Gulf. The Bohol Sea, also called the Mindanao Sea, is located between Visayas and Mindanao in the Philippines. Davao Gulf is a gulf found in Mindanao in the Philippines. Davao Gulf cuts into the island of Mindanao from Celebes Sea.

The Mindanao River and its main tributaries, the Catisan and the Pulangi, form a valley with a maximum length of 120 miles and a width which varies from 12 miles at the river mouth to about 60 miles in central Cotabato. The Mindanao River also known as the Rio Grande de Mindanao, is the second largest river system in the Philippines, after the Cagayan River of Luzon The Pulangi River (poolängˈgē one of the major tributaries of the Rio Grande of Mindanao, is an extensive river system in Mindanao, Philippines. Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao The southern extensions of this Cotabato Valley extends uninterrupted across a 350 meter watershed from Illana Bay on the northwest to Sarangani Bay on the southeast. A drainage divide, water divide, divide or (outside North America) watershed is the line separating neighbouring Drainage basins Illana Bay is a large bay in the southwestern part of Mindanao island Philippines, at. Sarangani Bay is a Bay located in the Philippines. The province of Sarangani (created in 1992) is named after the bay

Other lowlands of a coastal nature are to be found in various parts of Mindanao. Many of these are tiny isolated pockets, as along the northwest coast of Zamboanga. In other areas such as the Davao Plain, these coastal lowlands are as much as ten miles wide and several times that length.

From Dipolog eastward along the northern coast of Mindanao almost to Butuan City extends a rolling coastal plain of varying width. Dipolog is a 2nd class city and the capital of the province of Zamboanga del Norte on the southern Philippine island of The City of Butuan ( Tagalog: Lungsod ng Butuan) is the regional center of the Caraga Region in the Philippines. In Misamis Occidental, the now dormant Mt. Misamis Occidental is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Malindang has created a lowland averaging eight miles in width. Shallow Panquil Bay divides this province from Lanao del Norte, and is bordered by low lying, poorly drained lowlands and extensive mangroves. Panguil Bay, an arm of Iligan Bay, is a bay in Mindanao in the Philippines. Lanao del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. In Misamis Oriental, the plain is narrower and in places almost pinched out by rugged forelands which reach to the sea. Misamis Oriental is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. East of Cagayan de Oro City, a rugged peninsula extends well into the Mindanao Sea. The City of Cagayan de Oro (kă-gə'yăn dĕ ôrô abbreviated CDO CDOC or Cag

Political divisions

The island group of Mindanao is an arbitrary grouping of islands in the southern Philippines which encompasses six administrative regions^[1]. In the Philippines, regions ( Filpino: rehiyon, ISO 3166-2PH) are administrative division that serve primarily to organize the 81 These regions are further subdivided into 25 provinces, of which only four are not on Mindanao island itself. The provinces of the Philippines are the primary administrative divisions of the Philippines. The island group includes the Sulu Archipelago to the southwest, which consists of the major islands of Basilan, Jolo, and Tawi-Tawi, plus outlying islands in other areas such as Camiguin, Dinagat, Siargao, Samal. Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. Basilan (Officially Province of Basilan; Fil - Lalawigan ng Basilan Span Jolo is a volcanic island in the southwest Philippines. It is located in the Sulu Archipelago, between Mindanao and Borneo, and has a population Tawi-Tawi is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM This is the article on the island province of Camiguin in the Philippines Dinagat Island is an Island located northeast of Mindanao in the Philippines. Siargao is a tear-drop shaped Island in the Philippine Sea situated 800 kilometers southeast of Manila in the province of Surigao del Norte. The Island Garden City of Samal is a 2nd class city in the province of Davao del Norte, Philippines. The Limunsudan Falls, with an approximate height of 800 ft, is the highest water falls in the Philippines located at Iligan City. The six regions are listed below and each is individually discussed in the succeeding paragraphs.

• Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX)
• Northern Mindanao (Region X)
• Davao Region (Region XI)
• SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII)
• Caraga (Region XIII)
• Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

Zamboanga Peninsula^[2] (Region IX), formerly Western Mindanao, is located in the landform of the same name. For Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula see Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula. Designated as Region X of the Philippines, Northern Mindanao ( Filipino Hilagang Mindanao) is composed of five Davao Region, designated as Region XI, is one of the regions of the Philippines, located on the southeastern portion of Mindanao. SoCCSKSarGen is a region of the Philippines, located in central Mindanao, and is officially designated as Region XII. For the municipality in the province of Davao Oriental, see Caraga Davao Oriental Caraga is an administrative region Geography The region is divided into two geographical areas &ndash the Mindanao mainland and the Sulu Archipelago. For Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula see Air strikes in the Zamboanga Peninsula. It consists of the provinces of Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, and five cities—Zamboanga City;Pagadian City Isabela City Dapitan City and Dipolog City —which are independent of any province. Zamboanga del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Zamboanga del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Zamboanga Sibugay is a province of the Philippines located in the Zamboanga Peninsula region in Mindanao. Officially the City of Zamboanga ( Chavacano de Zamboanga / Spanish: Ciudad de Zamboanga) Pagadian City is a 1st class city in the province of Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. Isabela City is a 5th class city and the capital of the province of Basilan, Philippines. The City of Dapitan is a 2nd class city in the province of Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. Dipolog is a 2nd class city and the capital of the province of Zamboanga del Norte on the southern Philippine island of Isabela City is the only territory not on Mindanao island itself and is a part of Basilan. Basilan (Officially Province of Basilan; Fil - Lalawigan ng Basilan Span The region's administrative capital is Zamboanga City and the whole region used to be a single province named Zamboanga. Zamboanga, during the time of the United State's purchase of the Philippines of 1898, was eventually consolidated into one major administrative area by the American government

Northern Mindanao^[3] (Region X) consists of the provinces of Bukidnon, Camiguin, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental, Cagayan de Oro City, and Iligan City. Designated as Region X of the Philippines, Northern Mindanao ( Filipino Hilagang Mindanao) is composed of five Bukidnon (būkĭd'nŏn Cebuano: Probinsiya sa Bukidnon; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Bukidnon) is a landlocked province This is the article on the island province of Camiguin in the Philippines Lanao del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Misamis Occidental is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Misamis Oriental is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. The City of Cagayan de Oro (kă-gə'yăn dĕ ôrô abbreviated CDO CDOC or Cag The City of Iligan ( Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Iligan; Filipino: Lungsod ng Iligan) is a Highly urbanized city The province of Camiguin is also an island just of the northern coast. The administrative center and capital of the region is Cagayan de Oro City. The City of Cagayan de Oro (kă-gə'yăn dĕ ôrô abbreviated CDO CDOC or Cag

Davao Region^[4] (Region XI), formerly Southern Mindanao, is located in the southeastern portion of Mindanao. Davao Region, designated as Region XI, is one of the regions of the Philippines, located on the southeastern portion of Mindanao. The region is divided into the provinces of Davao Oriental, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, and Compostela Valley; plus Davao City. Davao Oriental is a province of the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Davao del Norte, and once known simply as Davao, is a province of the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Davao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Compostela Valley is a province of the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. The City of Davao ( Tagalog: Lungsod ng Dabaw; Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Dabaw) is the largest city on the island of The region encloses the Davao Gulf to the south and includes the island of Samal in the gulf, and the Sarangani Islands further to the south. Davao Gulf is a gulf found in Mindanao in the Philippines. Davao Gulf cuts into the island of Mindanao from Celebes Sea. The Island Garden City of Samal is a 2nd class city in the province of Davao del Norte, Philippines. Davao City is the region's administrative center.

SOCCSKSARGEN^[5] (Region XII), formerly Central Mindanao, is located in the south-central portion of the island. SoCCSKSarGen is a region of the Philippines, located in central Mindanao, and is officially designated as Region XII. It consists of the provinces of Cotabato, Sarangani, South Cotabato (which was used to be part of Region XI), and Sultan Kudarat, plus Cotabato City. Cotabato, formerly North Cotabato, is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao Sarangani is a province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. South Cotabato is a province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. Sultan Kudarat is a province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao. The City of Cotabato is one of the cities of the Philippines located in Mindanao. The names of the provinces together with General Santos City spell the name of the region which is an acronym. The City of General Santos (abbreviated GSC or Gensan Filipino: Lungsod ng Heneral Santos, Cebuano Acronyms, initialisms, and alphabetisms are Abbreviations that are formed using the initial components in a phrase or name Cotabato City, which is surrounded by, but is not a part of Maguindanao province, was the region's former administrative center. Maguindanao is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Koronadal City, in South Cotabato, is the new administrative center of the newly formed region.

Caraga^[6] (Region XIII) is located in the northwestern part of Mindano. For the municipality in the province of Davao Oriental, see Caraga Davao Oriental Caraga is an administrative region Its provinces are Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Norte, and Surigao del Sur. Agusan del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. Agusan del Sur is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. Surigao del Norte is a province of the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. Surigao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Caraga region in Mindanao. The administrative center is Butuan City in Agusan del Norte. The City of Butuan ( Tagalog: Lungsod ng Butuan) is the regional center of the Caraga Region in the Philippines. The region also covers the outlying islands of Surigao del Norte such as Dinagat Island, Siargao Island, and Bucas Grande Island. Dinagat Island is an Island located northeast of Mindanao in the Philippines. Siargao is a tear-drop shaped Island in the Philippine Sea situated 800 kilometers southeast of Manila in the province of Surigao del Norte. Bucas Grande is an island in the Mindanao region Philippines.

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao^[7] (ARMM) is a special region which covers the territories predominantly populated by Muslims. Geography The region is divided into two geographical areas &ndash the Mindanao mainland and the Sulu Archipelago. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion ARMM has its own government unlike almost all the other regions in the country. It consists of almost the whole of the Sulu Archipelago (Isabela City while remaining a part of Basilan is in the Zamboanga Peninsula region) and two provinces in the mainland. Sulu Archipelago is an island chain in the southwest Philippines. Isabela City is a 5th class city and the capital of the province of Basilan, Philippines. Basilan (Officially Province of Basilan; Fil - Lalawigan ng Basilan Span The provinces located in the Sulu Archipelago are Basilan, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi. Basilan (Officially Province of Basilan; Fil - Lalawigan ng Basilan Span For the Star Trek character see Hikaru Sulu. For the sultanate see Sultanate of Sulu. Tawi-Tawi is an island province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Basilan and Tawi-Tawi are themselves the main islands of their respective provinces, while the main island of Sulu is Jolo Island. For the Star Trek character see Hikaru Sulu. For the sultanate see Sultanate of Sulu. Jolo is a volcanic island in the southwest Philippines. It is located in the Sulu Archipelago, between Mindanao and Borneo, and has a population The mainland provinces are Lanao del Sur and Maguindanao. Lanao del Sur is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Maguindanao is a province of the Philippines located in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM Cotabato City, while not a part of the ARMM, is the region's administrative center. The City of Cotabato is one of the cities of the Philippines located in Mindanao.

Musical heritage

Main articles: Music of the Philippines and Kulintang

The native Maguindanaon and other native Muslim/non-Muslim groups of Mindanao have a fascinating culture that revolves around kulintang music, a specific type of gong music, found among both Muslim and non-Muslim groups of the Southern Philippines. The music of the Philippines is a mixture of European American and indigenous sounds Kulintang is a modern term for an instrumental form of music composed on a row of small horizontally-laid Gongs that function melodically accompanied by larger suspended Kulintang is a modern term for an instrumental form of music composed on a row of small horizontally-laid Gongs that function melodically accompanied by larger suspended

See also

• Geography of the Philippines
• Bangsamoro
• Moro people
• Islam in the Philippines
• Lumad
• Sultanate of Sulu
• Sultanate of Maguindanao
• Regions of the Philippines
• Provinces of the Philippines

Notes and References

External links

• Mindanao News

The Philippines is an archipelago comprising 7107 islands with a total land area of 300000 km² This article deals with the land claimed by the Moro people For the region controlled by them see: Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. The Moro are a Multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian ethnic group in the Philippines, comprising about 5 This article is concerned with the religion of Islam in the Philippines The Lumad is a term being used to denote a group of indigenous peoples of the southern Philippines. For the province see Sulu. The Sultanate of Sulu was a Muslim State that ruled over many of the islands of the The Sultanate of Maguindanao was a Filipino Muslim state that ruled parts of the island of Mindanao, in southern Philippines. In the Philippines, regions ( Filpino: rehiyon, ISO 3166-2PH) are administrative division that serve primarily to organize the 81 The provinces of the Philippines are the primary administrative divisions of the Philippines.

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic