| The Mills Brothers | |
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Photo courtesy of the Fraser MacPherson estate
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| Background information | |
| Origin | Piqua, Ohio, United States |
| Genre(s) | Jazz, Traditional Pop |
| Years active | 1928-1982 |
| Label(s) | Brunswick, Decca, Dot |
| Website | The Mills Brothers official site |
| Former members | |
| John Mills Jr Herbert Mills, Harry Mills, and Donald Mills; John Mills Sr replacing John Mills Jr. John Fraser MacPherson CM ( 10 April 1928 - 27 September 1993) was a Canadian jazz musician born in St Piqua is a city in Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20738 at the 2000 census. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A music genre is a categorical and typological construct that identifies musical sounds as belonging to a particular category and type of music that can be distinguished from other Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Traditional pop or Classic pop or Standards music denotes in general Western (and particularly American popular music that either wholly predates the advent of In the Music industry, a record label can be a Brand and a Trademark associated with the Marketing of music recordings and Music Brunswick Records is a United States based Record label. The label is currently distributed by Koch Entertainment. Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. Dot Records was an American Record label and company that was active between 1950 and 1977. |
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The Mills Brothers were a major African-American jazz and pop vocal quartet of the 20th century producing more than 2,000 recordings that sold more than 50 million copies and garnered at least three dozen gold records. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States Pop music as a genre features a noticeable rhythmic element catchy melodies and hooks, a mainstream style and conventional structure In Music, a quartet (quatuor Quartett quartetto cuarteto is a method of instrumentation (or a medium used to perform a musical composition and consisting of four parts The Mills Brothers were inducted into The Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 1998. The Vocal Group Hall of Fame was organized to honor what they term "the Greatest Vocal Groups in the World"
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The group was originally composed of four brothers all born in Piqua, Ohio, just 25 miles (40 km) north of Dayton: John Jr. Piqua is a city in Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20738 at the 2000 census. Dayton is a city in southwestern Ohio, United States. It is the County seat and largest city of Montgomery County. (February, 1911 - January 23, 1936) basso and guitarist, Herbert (April 2, 1912 - April 12, 1989) tenor, Harry (August 19, 1913 - June 28, 1982) baritone, and Donald (April 29, 1915 - November 13, 1999) lead tenor. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 68 - Galba, Governor of Hispania, names himself legatus senatus populique Romani, breaking the line of Year 1912 ( MCMXII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year starting Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Events 43 BC - Octavian, later known as Augustus compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul. Year 1913 ( MCMXIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1098 - Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul. Year 1982 ( MCMLXXXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar) Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 1002 - English king Ethelred orders the killing of all Danes in England, known today as the St Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar)
Their parents were John H. (February 11, 1889 – December 8, 1967) and Eathel Mills. Events 660 BC - Traditional founding date of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. Year 1889 ( MDCCCLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. Year 1967 ( MCMLXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. John Sr. owned a barber shop and founded a barbershop quartet, called the '"Four Kings of Harmony"'. Barbershop Vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1940s-present is a style of A cappella, or unaccompanied Vocal music characterized
As the boys grew older, they began singing in the choir of the Cyrene African Methodist Episcopal Church and in the Park Avenue Baptist Church in Piqua. After their lessons at the Spring Street Grammar School, they would gather in front of their father's barbershop on Public Square or at the corner of Greene and Main to sing and play the kazoo to passerbys. The kazoo is a simple Musical instrument ( Membranophone) that adds a "buzzing" timbral quality to a player's voice when one vocalizes into it
They entered an amateur contest at Piqua's Mays Opera House. That fateful day, while on stage, Harry discovered he had lost his kazoo. He cupped his hands to his mouth and imitated a trumpet. The success of his imitation led to all the brothers taking on instruments to imitate and created their early signature sound. John Jr. accompanied the four-part harmony first with a ukulele and then a guitar. The ukulele (ˌjʉːkəˈlɛɪli from ʻukulele /ˌʔukuˈlele/ variantly spelled ukelele (particularly in the UK) or alternatively abbreviated uke They practiced imitating orchestras they heard on the radio. John, as the bass, would imitate the tuba. Harry, a baritone, imitated the trumpet. Herbert became the second trumpet and Donald the trombone. They entertained on the Midwest theater circuit, at house parties, tent shows, music halls and supper clubs throughout the area and became well known for their close harmonies, mastery of scat singing, and their amazing ability to imitate musical instruments with their voices.
Then in 1928, after playing May's Opera House in Piqua between Rin Tin Tin features, they accompanied the Harold Greenameyer Band to Cincinnati for an audition with radio station WLW. Rin Tin Tin (often billed as Rin-Tin-Tin in the 1920s and 1930s was the name given to several related German Shepherd dogs seen in films and television dramas WLW is a Clear channel radio station located in Cincinnati Ohio, run by Clear Channel Communications and broadcasting on 700 kHz AM. The Band was not hired, but the Mills brothers were. With the help of Seger Ellis, WLW Cincinnati DJ and a music legend of the '20s, they quickly became local radio stars and got their major break when Duke Ellington and his Orchestra played a date in Cincinnati. Seger Ellis (b July 4, 1904 in Houston, Texas - d 1995 in Houston Texas was a Jazz pianist and Vocalist Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. When the youngsters sang for Duke, he was so impressed he called Tommy Rockwell at Okeh Records, who signed them and brought the group to New York. Okeh Records began as an Independent record label based in the United States of America in
In September 1930, Ralph Wonders urged broadcasting executive William S. Paley, at CBS Radio in New York, to turn on his office speaker and listen to an audition of four young men. William Samuel Paley ( September 28, 1901 &ndash October 26, 1990) was the chief executive who built Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS This article is about the radio group for the radio network see CBS Radio Network. For the audition they were '"The Mills Brothers,"' but they had been known by many other names. They were billed as 'The Steamboat Four' when they sang for Sohio. Standard Oil of Ohio or Sohio was an American oil company that was acquired by British Petroleum, now called BP They had been called the 'Four Boys and a Guitar' on their Sunday shows. When Paley heard their performance, he immediately went downstairs and put them on CBS radio. The next day, the Mills Brothers signed a three-year contract and became the first African-Americans to have a network show on radio. African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa
Their very first record recorded for Brunswick, a cover of the Original Dixieland Jass Band standard "Tiger Rag" became a nationwide seller. Brunswick Records is a United States based Record label. The label is currently distributed by Koch Entertainment. Original Dixieland Jass Band (ODJB was a New Orleans band that made the first Jazz recording in 1917 A jazz standard is a Jazz tune that is held in continuing esteem and which is widely known performed and recorded among jazz musicians as part of the jazz musical repertoire " Tiger Rag " is a Jazz standard, originally recorded by the Original Dixieland Jass Band in 1917 Other hits quickly followed -- "Goodbye Blues", their theme song, "You're Nobody's Sweetheart Now", "Ole Rockin' Chair", "Lazy River", "How'm I Doin'", and others -- cementing them in the minds of the nation and making them national stars. They remained on Brunswick until late 1934, when they signed with Decca, where they stayed well into the 1950's.
On all of their Brunswick records, as well as the early Decca's, the label always stated:
They were a sensation on CBS in 1930-1931, particularly when they co-starred on the widely popular The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour hosted by Rudy Vallee. The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour (aka The Rudy Vallée Show, aka The Fleischmann Yeast Hour, aka The Fleischmann Hour Rudy Vallée ( July 28, 1901 - July 3, 1986) was an American Singer, Actor, Bandleader, and entertainer They had their own popular radio series in 1932-1933, one of the earliest built around a black act, billed as the "Four Boys and a Guitar". Radio is the transmission of signals by Modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible Light. Before their show announcers commonly explained to listeners that the only instrument was a guitar, as the vocal effects made many listeners think they were hearing a muted trumpet, saxophone, and string bass. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles
The Mills Brothers were sponsored by some of the largest advertisers in early radio; Standard Oil, Procter & Gamble, Crisco, and Crosley Radio. Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing transporting refining and marketing company Procter & Gamble Co ( P&G,) is a Fortune 500, American global corporation based in Cincinnati Ohio, that manufactures a wide Crisco, a popular brand of Shortening, was first produced in 1911 by Procter & Gamble and was the first shortening to be made entirely of Vegetable oil They began appearing in films. Their first, The Big Broadcast (Paramount Pictures, 1932) was an all-star radio revue that included Bing Crosby, Cab Calloway, and the Boswell Sisters. The Big Broadcast ( 1932) is a Paramount Pictures production starring Bing Crosby, George Burns, and Gracie Allen. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular Cabell "Cab" Calloway III ( December 25, 1907 &ndash November 18, 1994) was a famous American Jazz Singer The Boswell Sisters were a Close harmony singing group that attained national prominence in the USA in the 1930s In 1934, the Brothers starred with Crosby for Woodbury Soap, and recorded their classics "Lazy Bones", "Sweet Sue", "Lulu's Back in Town", "Bye-Bye Blackbird", "Sleepy Head", and "Shoe Shine Boy". Woodbury Soap Company, "The skin you love to touch" ( J Walter Thompson Co 1911 Woodbury Soap Company has existed as a brand for over one hundred years Their film appearances included Twenty Million Sweethearts (Warner Brothers, 1934) and Broadway Gondolier, (Warner Brothers, 1935). Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and
By now the brothers were highly successful and recognized all over the world. In 1934, The Mills Brothers became the first African-Americans to give a command performance before British royalty. They performed at the Regal Theatre for a special audience: King George V, Queen Mary, and their mother. The Regal Theatre is a theatre located in the suburb of Subiaco in Perth Western Australia. Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953 was the queen-empress consort of George V of the United Kingdom While performing in England, John Jr. became ill. It took him months to recover from battling pneumonia. Before he was completely well, the brothers returned to England. John Jr. once again became sick and died in the beginning of 1936.
This was a difficult time for the remaining brothers. They considered breaking up, when their mother told them John Jr. would want them to continue. They followed her suggestion and their father, John Sr. , as the baritone and tuba, replaced the deceased Brother, John Jr. At this time, Norman Brown joined the Brothers as their guitar player. Norman Brown may refer to Norman O Brown, author Norman Brown (guitarist (born 1963 smooth jazz/jazz fusion guitarist
Soon they were back in Europe. Through 1939 they enjoyed remarkable success in Europe. Herbert recalls, "We left England for the last time just three days before war was declared on Germany and the only boat we could get was to Australia. We were overseas from then on except for two months in 1940 and then we went back to South America. We didn't get back until 1941. In the meantime the Ink Spots were coming up, and people had sort of forgotten us. The Ink Spots were a popular black vocal group that helped define the Musical genre that led to Rhythm & blues and Rock and roll, and the subgenre "
In the period between John Jr. 's death and their return to the States, they re-recorded "Lazy River. " It was followed by "Someday You'll Want Me to Want You," "Swing Is the Thing," "Long About Midnight," "Organ Grinders Swing," and "The Song is Ended. " Someday (You'll Want Me to Want You " is a popular song " They honored Duke Ellington with a swing version of the "Caravan," and then produced a series of classic recordings; "South of the Border," which they performed in a tour of South America, along with "Ain't Misbehavin," "It Don’t Mean a Thing," "Jeepers Creepers," "Three Little Fishes," and "Basin Street Blues. Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29 1899 &ndash May 24 1974 was an American Composer, Pianist, and Bandleader. "
During this era, there was also a brief time when the group performed with a non‑family singer. Gene Smith served as a stand-in for one year when Harry was drafted into the Army. Although Smith's solo singing did not particularly resemble the group's usual sound, he was able to harmonize well in Harry's stead until the fourth brother's return. Smith is very noticeable in a number of the Mills Brothers' film appearances.
Returning to the states, the Brothers were anxious for a hit. They recorded "I'll be Around". Donald Mills chose "Paper Doll" as the B-side of the record. Paper dolls are figures cut out of paper with separate clothes usually held onto the dolls by folding tabs "I'll Be Around" became a popular hit, then a disk jockey turned the record over. "Paper Doll", recorded in just fifteen minutes, sold six million copies and became the group's biggest hit.
The rise of rock and roll in the early fifties did little to decrease the Mills Brothers popularity. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African "Glow Worm" jumped to number one on the pop charts in 1952. " The Glow-Worm " is a popular Song with music was written by Paul Lincke, the original German lyrics by Heinz Bolten-Backers "Opus One", an updated version to the Tommy Dorsey hit, was soon on the charts as well, followed by "You're Nobody 'Til Somebody Loves You", "Yellow Bird", "Standing on the Corner", and "If I had My Way". Opus #1 is a Popular song composed in 1943 by Sy Oliver, with Lyrics by Sid Garris. Tommy Dorsey ( November 19 1905 &ndash November 26 1956) was an American Jazz Trombonist, Trumpeter "You're Nobody till Somebody Loves You" is a popular Song. "Standing on the Corner" is a popular Song, written by Frank Loesser.
In 1957, John Sr. reluctantly stopped touring with the group. He was seventy-five, but his retirement did not stop the Brothers. As a trio, the Mills Brothers recorded for Dot Records and were frequent guests on The Jack Benny Show, The Perry Como Show, The Tonight Show and The Hollywood Palace. Dot Records was an American Record label and company that was active between 1950 and 1977. Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky February 14, 1894 - December 26, 1974) was an American Comedian, vaudevillian Pierino Ronald "Perry" Como ( May 18 1912 &ndash May 12 2001) was an Italian-American singer and television personality The Tonight Show with Jay Leno as appropriate --> The Tonight Show is a long-running The Hollywood Palace is an hour-long Television Variety show that was broadcast weekly (generally on Saturday night on ABC from January They played theatres and clubs, touring up to forty weeks a year.
A move from Decca to Dot Records brought a moderate 1958 hit, a cover of the Silhouettes' "Get a Job" that made explicit the considerable influence on doo-wop that the early Mills Brothers records had exerted. The Silhouettes were an American Doo wop / R&B group whose single " Get A Job " was a #1 hit on the Billboard Doo-wop is a style of vocal-based Rhythm and blues music which developed in African-American communities in the 1940s and which achieved mainstream popularity both in the 1950s
"Cab Driver", recorded in 1968, was their last great hit. It was written by songwriter C. Carson Parks.
Their fiftieth anniversary in show business was celebrated in 1976 with a tribute at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles. The Dorothy Chandler Pavilion is one of the halls in the Los Angeles Music Center (which is one of the three largest performing arts centers in the United States Bing Crosby hosted this nostalgic tribute. Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular Few in the audience realized that Harry was now almost blind because of diabetes.
As a trio, Herbert, Harry and Donald continued performing on the oldies circuit until Harry's death in 1982. Herbert and Donald continued until Herbert's death in 1989. Then, Donald began performing with the third generation of the family -- his son, John III. In 1998 the Recording Academy recognized the Mills family's contributions to popular music when it presented Donald, as the surviving member, with a Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences The Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is awarded by the Recording Academy to "performers who during their lifetimes have made creative contributions of outstanding
After Donald's death of pneumonia on November 13, 1999, John III began touring under the name "The Mills Brothers" with Elmer Hopper, who had previously sang lead with Paul Robi's Platters. The Platters were a successful vocal group of the early Rock and roll era
In the late 1960s, Dean Martin, hosting The Dean Martin Show, requested that his producer Greg Garrison book the Mills Brothers on the show, later explaining to Garrison that Harry Mills was in fact his greatest musical influence, more influential than Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby. Dean Martin (born Dino Paul Crocetti; June 7 1917 &ndash December 25 1995 was an American Singer, Film Actor, television personality The Dean Martin Show is a TV variety - comedy series that ran from 1965 to 1974, for 245 episodes Greg Garrison ( -) was a pioneer producer and director in Television, directing nearly 4000 shows in his career Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra (December 12 1915 &ndash May 14 1998 was an American singer and actor Harry Lillis “Bing” Crosby ( May 3, 1903 &ndash October 14, 1977) was an Academy Award winning American Popular Garrison related this story in a DVD reissue of the best of the Martin shows.
•Paper Doll [Pulse]- 2005
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John Mills - son, grandson and nephew of the original group’s members
Elmer Hopper - spent 21 years with The Platters in Concert March 2005