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Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistic
Service branches '
Headquarters Tehran
Leadership
Supreme Commander Âyatollâh Ali Khamenei
Minister of Defense Mostafa Mohammad-Najjar
Expenditures
Budget $6. The Islamic Republic of Iran Army In Iran, it is also called Artesh which is Persian for "army The Islamic Republic of Iran Army In Iran, it is also called Artesh which is Persian for "army The Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force (IRIAF ( is the aviation branch of the Iranian armed forces. The Iranian Navy has traditionally been the smallest branch of Iran's armed forces and is designed solely for securing its own ports and coast with The Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution ( Sepáh e Pásdárán e Enqeláb e Eslámi) is an ideologically motivated branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran's The Ground Forces of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution are the force which the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution, also known as Islamic Revolutionary Navy of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic The Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution (AFAGIR also known as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Air Force (IRGC AF, is the air force The Quds Force (نیروی قدس translit Niru e Qods) in English Jerusalem Force, is a special unit of Iran 's Army of the Guardians of the The Basij (also Bassij or Baseej, or Baseej-e Mostaz'afin or "The Mobilized Oppressed"" or بسيج is a volunteer based Iranian Tehran (or Teheran) ( Persian: تهران Tehrān) is the capital and largest City of Iran, and the administrative center of Ayatollah ( Persian: آيت‌الله, âyato-llâh, from Arabic: آية الله, āyatu 'llāh, meaning 'the sign of (fa علی حسینی خامنه‌ای born 17 July 1939 also known as Ali Khamenei, is an Iranian Azeri politician and cleric Mostafa Mohammad Najjar ( is the defense minister of Iran. At 49 he is a veteran of the Revolutionary Guards since the establishment of the body in 1980 where he 3 billion (2005)
Percent of GDP 3. 5% (2005)
Industry
Domestic suppliers Defense Industries Organization

Iran Aviation Industries Organization
Iran Electronics Industries (IEI)
Related articles
History Military history of Iran

Anglo-Soviet Invasion of Iran
Dhofar Rebellion
Siege of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs
Iran-Iraq War
Operation Praying Mantis Operation Prime Chance
Ranks Air Force Ranks Insignia

Army Ranks Insignia
Navy Ranks Insignia
IRGC Ranks Insignia

The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: نيروهای مسلح جمهوری اسلامی ايران) include the IRIA (Persian: ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران) , the IRGC (Persian: سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی), and the Police Force[1] (Persian: نيروی انتظامی جمهوری اسلامی ایران). The Defense Industries Organization ( DIO; Persian: Sasadjah (Sazemane Sanaye Defa) is a Conglomerate of companies run by the Islamic Republic The Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO was established in 1966 for the purpose of planning controlling and managing the military aviation industry of Iran Iran Electronics Industries ( IEI, Persian: صنایع الکترنیک ایران (Sana-ey Electronik-e Iran; also known as صاایران With thousands of years of recorded history, and due to an unchanging geographic (and subsequently geopolitical condition, Iran (previously known as Persia The Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran was the invasion of Iran by British and Commonwealth forces and the Soviet Union, codenamed Operation Countenance The Dhofar Rebellion was launched in the province of Dhofar against the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman and Britain from 1962 to 1975 The Siege of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs occurred on 30 November 1971 when Iranian marines laid siege to the islands Abu Musa, Operation Praying Mantis was an April 18, 1988 attack by US naval forces in retaliation for the Iranian mining of the Persian Operation Prime Chance (August 1987-June 1989 was a United States Special Operations Command operation intended to protect U For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. The Islamic Republic of Iran Army In Iran, it is also called Artesh which is Persian for "army The Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution ( Sepáh e Pásdárán e Enqeláb e Eslámi) is an ideologically motivated branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran's

These forces total about 545,000 active personnel. [2] All branches of armed forces fall under the command of General Headquarters of Armed Forces (ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح). Ministry of Defense & Armed Forces Logistics is responsible for planning logistics and funding of the armed forces and is not involved in in-the-field military operational command.

The Basij is a paramilitary volunteer force controlled by the Islamic Revolutionary Guards; it has a claimed membership of 12. The Basij (also Bassij or Baseej, or Baseej-e Mostaz'afin or "The Mobilized Oppressed"" or بسيج is a volunteer based Iranian 6 million, including women, of which perhaps 3 million are combat capable. There are a claimed 2,500 battalions of which some are full-time personnel. [5] Globalsecurity.org says that there are 90,000 full-time Basij personnel and 300,000 Basij reservists. GlobalSecurityorg, launched in 2000 is a Public policy organization whose mission is to be a reliable source of background information and developing News stories [6]

Iran's military was called the Middle East's most powerful by General John Abizaid chief of United States Central Command (U. John Philip Abizaid (born 1 April 1951 جون أبي زيد is a retired General in the United States Army and former Commander of the United States Central The United States Central Command ( USCENTCOM) is a theater -level Unified Combatant Command unit of the U S. forces' commander in the region). He did not count the Israel Defense Forces, because it does not fall in his area of operations. The Israel Defense Forces ( IDF) (צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit [7]

Contents

History

Main article: Military history of Iran

With thousands of years of recorded history, and due to an unchanging geographic (and subsequently geopolitical) condition , Iran (previously known as Persia in the West until 1935) has had a long, varied, and checkered military culture and history, ranging from triumphant and unchallenged ancient military supremacy affording effective superpower status in its day, to a series of near catastrophic defeats (beginning with the destruction of Elam) at the hand of previously subdued peripheral nations (including Greece, Arabia, and the Asiatic nomadic tribes at the Eastern boundary of the lands traditionally home to the Iranian people). With thousands of years of recorded history, and due to an unchanging geographic (and subsequently geopolitical condition, Iran (previously known as Persia The Persian Empire was a series of Iranian empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland and beyond in Western Asia Year 1935 ( MCMXXXV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The Arabian Peninsula (in Arabic: شبه الجزيرة العربية šibh al-jazīra al-ʻarabīya or جزيرة العرب jazīrat al-ʻarab) The Iranian people are a collection of Ethnic groups defined along linguistic lines as speaking Iranian languages.

In its time, Iran has rapidly dispatched ancient powers such as Babylon; its kings have sat enthroned as Pharaoh in Egypt; repeatedly held off, sometimes defeated, the otherwise successful armies of Rome (most memorably recording the submissive demeanor of a captured Roman Caesar); and apparently affected even a presumably hostile Greek historian to dedicate an entire book considering in detail the pseudo-military culture of the ancient Persians of Shahanshah Darius the Great. Babylon was a City-state of ancient Mesopotamia, the remains of which can be found in present-day Al Hillah, Babil Province, Iraq Pharaoh is the title given in modern parlance to the ancient Egyptian kings of all periods This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Darius I the Great (c 549 BC&ndash486 BC 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 Dārayavahuš: "Possessing goodness" Having ascended to power amidst controversy and bloodshed

Iranian military actions and martial culture have also left Iran with a rich legacy of contributions to military arts, weapons, tactics, strategy, and conduct of the mankind. The word navy is a term derived from Persian Naavs (ships) of Achaemenid military expeditions against ancient Greece. The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenid Persian Empire ( haχɒmaneʃijɒn (558–330 BC was the first of the Persian Empires to rule over significant portions of Those very same expeditions entailed crossings of entire armies from Asia to Europe over military bridges constructed by extending a floating platform of ships from the Asian land mass to Europe.

One of the earliest and most effective manifestations of light cavalry equipped with stand-off weapons were the bow and arrow equipped Parthian Cavalry. Parthia ( Middle Persian: اشکانیان Ashkâniân) was an Iranian civilization situated in the northeastern part of modern Iran

The first Knights complete with shinning armor and plumed helmets were Sassanid Iranian nobles, and European heraldry is directly traceable to the Iranian Knights and overall culture of (lone) heroes and mythic figures such as Rostam, Zal, Bahram, etc. Knight is the English term for a social position originating in the Middle Ages. The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty or Sassanian Dynasty (ساسانیان) is the name used for the third Iranian dynasty and the second Persian empire For the historical general who fought at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah for the Sassanid Empire, also mentioned in the Shahnameh, see Rostam Farrokhzād Zāl (زال in Persian) is a legendary Persian warrior from the old Persian "The Book of Kings" or

And it was the sovereign head of the Iranian Army that marched un-opposed into Babylon that decreed the first codec of the rights of conquered people and nations.

And this is the same country that suffered completely unexpected and decisive defeats at the hands of Alexander the Great, and later Muslim Arabs, seemingly at the height of its might. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' The araB gene Promoter is a bacterial promoter activated by e L-arabinose binding And later on felt the full force of the brutally violent and destructive West-ward Mongol tribes. Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East

Combat history and operations

Commanders

One of Iran's 3 Kilo class submarines
One of Iran's 3 Kilo class submarines
Iran has 29 Tor-M1 mobile air defense systems.
Iran has 29 Tor-M1 mobile air defense systems. Operators The first submarine entered service in the Soviet Navy in 1982 and submarines of these types are still in use with the Russian navy The Tor missile system ("Тор" Torus) is a Russian made low to medium altitude short-range Surface-to-air missile system designed for engaging Airplanes

Budget

See also: Economy of Iran

Iran's 2005 defense budget was estimated to be $6 billion by London's International Institute for Strategic Studies. Ayatollah ( Persian: آيت‌الله, âyato-llâh, from Arabic: آية الله, āyatu 'llāh, meaning 'the sign of (fa علی حسینی خامنه‌ای born 17 July 1939 also known as Ali Khamenei, is an Iranian Azeri politician and cleric Ataollah Salehi is a major general of the Iranian Armed Forces and is the current general commander of the Armed Forces of Iran. General Abdolrahim Mousavi is the Chief of the Joint Staff of the Iranian Armed forces. The Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution ( Sepáh e Pásdárán e Enqeláb e Eslámi) is an ideologically motivated branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran's Major General Mohammad Ali Jafari ( born 1957 in Yazd, also known as Aziz Jafari and Ali Jafari is the Commander of the Army of the Guardians of This article refers to the commander of Basij for the author see Mohammad Hejazi (author Brigadier General Seyed Mohammad Hejazi is the current Mohammad Mehdi Zahedi (Born in 1953 Kerman is an Iranian politician and the minister of science and technology in Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 's cabinet This article refers to the commander of Basij for the author see Mohammad Hejazi (author Brigadier General Seyed Mohammad Hejazi is the current The Basij (also Bassij or Baseej, or Baseej-e Mostaz'afin or "The Mobilized Oppressed"" or بسيج is a volunteer based Iranian The Quds Force (نیروی قدس translit Niru e Qods) in English Jerusalem Force, is a special unit of Iran 's Army of the Guardians of the Mostafa Mohammad Najjar ( is the defense minister of Iran. At 49 he is a veteran of the Revolutionary Guards since the establishment of the body in 1980 where he The economy of Iran is a Transition economy where a continuing strong labour force growth unmatched by commensurate real economic growth is driving up Unemployment The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS is a British research institute (or Think tank) in the area of international affairs. This was $91 per capita, a lower figure than other Persian Gulf nations, and lower as a percentage of gross national product than all other Gulf states except the United Arab Emirates. The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the [13]

Defense industry

Main articles: Iranian military industry and List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
The United States delivered 79 F-14 Tomcat fighter jets to Iran before 1979.
The United States delivered 79 F-14 Tomcat fighter jets to Iran before 1979. Iran's military industry has From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979 Iran used to be equipped with the very latest Western hardware

Under the last Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Iran's military industry was limited to assembly of foreign weapons. In the assembly lines that were put up by American firms, such as Bell, Litton and Northrop, Iranian workers put together a variety of helicopters, aircraft, guided missiles, electronic components and tanks. Bell Helicopter Textron is an American Helicopter and Tiltrotor manufacturer headquartered in Fort Worth Texas. Named after inventor Charles Litton Sr, Litton Industries was a large defense contractor in the United States, bought by the Northrop Grumman Corporation The Northrop Corporation was a leading Aircraft manufacturer of the United States from its formation in 1939 until its merger with Grumman to form Northrop Grumman [14]

In 1973 the Iran Electronics Industries (IEI) was established. Iran Electronics Industries ( IEI, Persian: صنایع الکترنیک ایران (Sana-ey Electronik-e Iran; also known as صاایران [15] The company was set up in a first attempt to organize the assembly and repair of foreign-delivered weapons. [16] The Iranian Defense Industries Organization was the first to succeed in taking a step into what could be called a military industry by reverse engineering Soviet RPG-7, BM21, and SAM-7 missiles in 1979. The Defense Industries Organization ( DIO; Persian: Sasadjah (Sazemane Sanaye Defa) is a Conglomerate of companies run by the Islamic Republic A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. The RPG-7 (РПГ-7 is a widely-produced portable shoulder-launched, Anti-tank Rocket propelled grenade weapon The BM-21 "Grad" (БМ-21 "Град" meaning Hail) is a launch vehicle of the Soviet 122 mm multiple-launch rocket system developed For the STRELA computer see Strela computer. For the Apollo test mission see A-102 The 9K32 "Strela-2" [17]

Nevertheless, most of Iran's weapons before the Islamic revolution were imported from the United States and Europe. The Iranian Revolution' (mostly known as the Islamic Revolution, Persian: انقلاب اسلامی Enghelābe Eslāmi was the Revolution that transformed Between 1971 and 1975, the Shah went on a buying spree, ordering $8 billion in weapons from the United States alone. Shah is an Iranian term for a Monarch (leader that has been adopted in many other languages The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This alarmed the United States Congress, which strengthened a 1968 law on arms exports in 1976 and renamed it the Arms Export Control Act. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Still, the United States continued to sell large amounts of weapons to Iran until the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The Iranian Revolution' (mostly known as the Islamic Revolution, Persian: انقلاب اسلامی Enghelābe Eslāmi was the Revolution that transformed [18]

After the Islamic revolution, Iran found itself severely isolated and lacking technological expertise. Because of economic sanctions and a weapons embargo put on Iran by the United States, Iran was forced to rely on its domestic arms industry for weapons and spare parts since there were very few countries willing to do business with Iran. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [19] The Islamic Revolutionary Guards were put in charge of creating what is today known as the Iranian military industry. The Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution ( Sepáh e Pásdárán e Enqeláb e Eslámi) is an ideologically motivated branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran's Iran's military industry has Under their command Iran's military industry was enormously expanded, and with the Ministry of Defense pouring investment into the missile industry, Iran soon accumulated a vast arsenal of missiles. The Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution (AFAGIR also known as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Air Force (IRGC AF, is the air force [20]

Since 1992, it also has produced its own tanks, armored personnel carriers, guided missiles, submarines, and a fighter plane. A tank is a tracked, Armoured fighting vehicle designed for Front-line combat which combines Operational mobility and tactical Armoured personnel carriers (APCs are Armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport Infantry on the Battlefield They usually have only a Machine Guided Missile is a London based Independent record label set up by Paul Kearney in 1994. A submarine is a Watercraft that can operate independently below water as distinct from a Submersible that has only limited underwater capability A fighter aircraft is a Military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat with other Aircraft, as opposed to a Bomber, which is designed [21]

In recent years, official announcements have highlighted the development of weapons such as the Fajr-3 (MIRV), Hoot, Kowsar, Fateh-110, Shahab-3 missile systems and a variety of unmanned aerial vehicles, at least one of which Israel claims has been used to spy on Israel. The Iranian made Fajr-3 (meaning "dawn" in Persian) is believed to be a Medium-range ballistic missile with an unknown range Hoot (حوت Whale) is an Iranian Supercavitation Torpedo that travels at approximately 360 km/h several times faster than a conventional torpedo Kowsar (or Kosar) is a medium-range land-based anti-ship missile made by Iran. The Fateh-110, is a single-stage solid-propellant surface-to-surface missile with at least a 200 km range and it is produced domestically within Iran, including the The Shahab-3 ( Persian: شهاب-۳ meaning "Meteor-3" is a Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM developed by Iran and based on the An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV is an unpiloted Aircraft. UAVs can be remote controlled or fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. [22] In 2006, Iran spied on the American aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan for 25 minutes without being detected before returning safely to its base. Building christening and commissioning The Ronald Reagan was the first aircraft carrier to be named in honor of a living former president [23][24][25]

Ballistic programme

Main article: Iran's missile forces

On November 2, 2006, Iran fired unarmed missiles to begin 10 days of military war games. The Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution (AFAGIR also known as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Air Force (IRGC AF, is the air force Events 1570 - A Tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1000 Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Iranian state television reported "dozens of missiles were fired including Shahab-2 and Shahab-3 missiles. The Shahab-2 ( Persian: شهاب-۲ meaning "Meteor-2" is the successor to the Iranian Shahab-1 missile The Shahab-3 ( Persian: شهاب-۳ meaning "Meteor-3" is a Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM developed by Iran and based on the The missiles had ranges from 300 km to up to 1300 km. Iranian experts have made some changes to Shahab-3 missiles installing cluster warheads in them with the capacity to carry 1,400 bombs. Typically a warhead is the Explosive material and Detonator that is delivered by a Missile, Rocket, or Torpedo. " These launches come after some United States-led military exercises in the Persian Gulf on October 30, 2006, meant to train for blocking the transport of weapons of mass destruction [26]. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region is an extension of the Events 637 - Antioch surrenders to the Muslim forces under Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of Iron bridge. A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD) is a weapon which can kill large numbers of humans and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e Iran is also believed to have started the development of an ICBM/IRBM missile project, known as Ghadr-110 with a range of more than 3000 km; the program is paralleled with advancement of a satellite launcher named IRIS. The Ghadr-110 is an intermediate-range ballistic missile designed and developed by Iran Iran is also working on an ICBM with an original range of over 5000km said to be the Shahab-5.

Weapons of mass destruction

Main article: Iran and weapons of mass destruction

Israel and some western nations have alleged that Iran is developing nuclear weapons. Iran is not known to possess Weapons of mass destruction, and has signed treaties repudiating possession of them including the Biological Weapons A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from Nuclear reactions either fission or a combination of fission and fusion. [27] The United Nations' International Atomic Energy Agency, in its February 2006 report on Iran's nuclear program, said it had no evidence of this. The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security The International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its The nuclear program of Iran was launched in the 1950s with the help of the United States as part of the Atoms for Peace program Recently, the United States of America released an intelligence report that the Islamic Republic of Iran is not developing a nuclear detonation device. However Iran is currently attempting to create the radioactive fuel that could potentially be used in a nuclear weapon[28] [29]

Iran ratified the Chemical Weapons Convention in 1997. Chemical warfare involves using the toxic properties of Chemical substances to kill injure or incapacitate an enemy. Iranian troops and civilians suffered tens of thousands of casualties from Iraqi chemical weapons during the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War. As a result, Iran has publicly stood against the use of chemical weapons, making numerous vitriolic comments against Iraq's use of such weapons in international forums.

Even today, more than eighteen years after the end of the Iran-Iraq war, about 30,000 Iranians are still suffering and dying from the effects of chemical weapons that several western governments provided Iraq with during the war. The need to manage the treatment of such a large number of casualties has placed Iran’s medical specialists in the forefront of the development of effective treatment regimes for chemical weapons victims, and particularly for those suffering from exposure to mustard gas. The sulfur mustards, of which mustard gas ( Bis (2-chloroethyl sulfide is a member are a class of related Cytotoxic, Vesicant Chemical [30]

Iran ratified the Biological Weapons Convention in 1973. [31] Iran has advanced biology and genetic engineering research programs supporting an industry that produces world-class vaccines for both domestic use and export. [32] The dual-use nature of these facilities mean that Iran, like any country with advanced biological research programs, could easily produce biological warfare agents.

References

  1. ^ سایت اطلاع رسانی نیروی انتظامی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
  2. ^ IISS Military Balance 2006, Routledge for the IISS, London, 2006, p. The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS is a British research institute (or Think tank) in the area of international affairs. 187
  3. ^ IISS Military Balance 2006, Routledge for the IISS, London, 2006, p. The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS is a British research institute (or Think tank) in the area of international affairs. 187
  4. ^ IISS Military Balance 2006, Routledge for the IISS, London, 2006, p. The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS is a British research institute (or Think tank) in the area of international affairs. 187
  5. ^ IISS Military Balance 2008, p. The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS is a British research institute (or Think tank) in the area of international affairs. 244
  6. ^ GlobalSecurity.org, [1]
  7. ^ Iran Favors Asymmetric Strategy In Joust With US
  8. ^ [www. GlobalSecurityorg, launched in 2000 is a Public policy organization whose mission is to be a reliable source of background information and developing News stories iranfocus. com/modules/news/article. php?storyid=5206 Iran’s top military commanders die in plane crash]
  9. ^ a b [2]
  10. ^ Iran to hold large-scale naval war games
  11. ^ Niruyeh Moghavemat Basij Mobilisation Resistance Force
  12. ^ Iran Revolutionary Guards expect key changes in high command
  13. ^ Iran's defense spending 'a fraction of Persian Gulf neighbors'
  14. ^ Dar Al Hayat
  15. ^ [3]
  16. ^ NTI: Country Overviews: Iran: Missile Chronology
  17. ^ NTI: Country Overviews: Iran: Missile Chronology
  18. ^ A Code of Conduct for Weapons Sales Video Transcript
  19. ^ http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htproc/articles/20041103.aspx
  20. ^ Dar Al Hayat
  21. ^ FOXNews.com - Iran Launches Production of Stealth Sub - U.S. & World
  22. ^ British Broadcasting Corporation, Hezbollah drone flies over Israel, 7 December 2004
  23. ^ 5 minutes video
  24. ^ RIAN, Iranian drone plane buzzes U.S. aircraft carrier in Persian Gulf, May 30, 2006
  25. ^ Iran Uses UAV To Watch US Aircraft Carrier On Gulf Patrol
  26. ^ [4]
  27. ^ BBC NEWS | Middle East | Q&A: Iran and the nuclear issue
  28. ^ 'No proof' of Iranian nuclear weapons programme | World news | guardian.co.uk
  29. ^ [5]
  30. ^ Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, [6]
  31. ^ Signatories of the Biological Weapons Convention
  32. ^ Razi Institute produces dlrs 100 m worth of vaccines, serums a year. Retrieved on 2006-04-22. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1500 - Portuguese Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral becomes the first European to sight Brazil.

See also

External links


For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979 Iran used to be equipped with the very latest Western hardware Submarines SSK Kilo (3 **Displacement 4000 tons submerged Dimensions 74 x 9
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