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A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by and/or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking

Contents

Etymology

The word bases is first recorded in English language from c. 1325, and comes from Old French bas, which is derived from Latin basis "foundation", itself derived from Archaic Greek basis "step, pedestal," from bainein "to step". Old French was the Romance Dialect continuum spoken in territories which span roughly the northern half of modern France and parts of modern Belgium The military sense of the word only dates from the 1860s. The verb meaning "to place on a foundation" is from 1841. For English usage of verbs see the wiki article English verbs. [1]

Jurisdictional definition

Bases are usually extra-legal jurisdictions not subject to civil law. Civil law, as opposed to Criminal law, refers to that branch of Law dealing with disputes between Individuals and/or Organizations, in which They can range from small outposts to military cities containing up to 100,000 people. Some military bases may belong to a different nation or state than the territory surrounding it.

Naming

A military base may go by any of a number of names such as

Fort Jefferson in Florida in the United States is an example of a military base although no particular size or layout is typical. Fort Jefferson is no longer in use and is currently part of the Dry Tortugas National Park.
Fort Jefferson in Florida in the United States is an example of a military base although no particular size or layout is typical. An airbase, sometimes referred to as an Air Force Station, a military Airport or airfield, provides basing and support of Military Shipyards and dockyards are places which repair and build ships These can be Yachts military Florida ( is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Fort Jefferson is no longer in use and is currently part of the Dry Tortugas National Park. Dry Tortugas National Park preserves Fort Jefferson and the Dry Tortugas section of the Florida Keys.

The name used generally refers to the type of military activity that takes place at the base. Garrison (various spellings (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, "to equip" is the collective term for a body of Troops A naval dockyard is a Dockyard that primarily serves a Navy. See also Military base Royal Navy Dockyards A distribution center for a set of products is a Warehouse or other specialized Building, often with Refrigeration or Air conditioning See also firearms magazine for an explanation of the magazines used to load man-portable weapons An arsenal is an establishment for the construction repair storage and issue of Weapons and Ammunition. A proving ground is a military installation or reservation where weapons or other military technology are experimented or tested or where Military tactics are tested An armory (Armoury is a Military depot used for the storage of Weapons and Ammunition. Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for A military camp or bivouac is a semi-permanent facility for the lodging of an Army. Barracks are living quarters for personnel on a Military post In Fortification, caserns, also spelled cazern or caserne, are little rooms lodgments or apartments erected between the Ramparts and the houses An airbase, sometimes referred to as an Air Force Station, a military Airport or airfield, provides basing and support of Military

Types of establishment

Depending on the context, the term 'military base' may refer to any establishment (usually permanent) that houses a nation's armed forces, or even organized paramilitary forces such as the Police, Constabulary, Militia, or Guards; or the term may refer solely to an establishment which is used only by an army (or possibly other land fighting related forces, such as marines) to the exclusion of a base used by either an air force or a navy. For the military meaning see Armed forces. For the Soviet sports society see Armed Forces (sports society Armed Forces A paramilitary is a force whose function and organization are similar to those of a professional military force but which are not regarded as having the same status Police are agents or agencies usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to effect public and social order through the legitimatized use of force Constabulary may have several definitions A civil non-paramilitary Police force consisting of police officers called Constables This is the usual The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary Citizens to provide defense emergency law enforcement or Paramilitary service An army (from Latin Armata "act of arming" via Old French armée) in the broadest sense is the land-based Armed forces Marines (from the English adjective marine, meaning of the sea, from Latin language mare, meaning sea via French adjective An air force, also known in some countries as an air army or historically an army air corps, is in the broadest sense the national military or armed service This is consistent with the different meanings of the word 'military'. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking Some examples of permanent military bases used by the navies and air forces of the world are the Royal Dockyards in Portsmouth, UK, the Naval Air Station Whidbey Island,Washington State, USA or Ramstein Air Base, Germany. An air force, also known in some countries as an air army or historically an army air corps, is in the broadest sense the national military or armed service Her Majesty's Naval Base (HMNB Portsmouth ( HMS ''Nelson'') is one of three operating bases for the Royal Navy (the others being HMNB Clyde and Ramstein Air Base is a United States Air Force base in the German state of Rheinland-Pfalz. For some examples of non or semi permanent military bases, look at terms like, Forward Operating Base (FOB), Logistics Base (Log base) or Fire Base (FB). A forward operating base (FOB is any secured forward position that is used to support tactical operations Logistics is the management of the flow of Goods, Information and other resources including Energy and people between the point of origin and the point A fire support base ( FSB, firebase or FB) is a Military encampment designed to provide Indirect fire Artillery support

A military base may also contain large concentrations of military supplies in order to support military logistics. Logistics is the management of the flow of Goods, Information and other resources including Energy and people between the point of origin and the point Most military bases are restricted to the general public, and usually only authorized personnel may enter them (be it military personnel or their relatives, and authorized civilian personnel). Military bases usually provide housing, training, range, operations and dining facilities, Most also provide support facilities such as, fast food restaurants, churches, schools, hospitals, clinics, libraries, shopping and convenience retail stores such as an "Exchange" (BX/PX). The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge skills and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge A shooting range is a specialized facility designed for Firearms practice InfosysElectronicCityCafeteriaJPG|thumb|250px|right|One of a number of cafeterias at Electronic City campus Infosys Technologies Ltd Fast food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served very quickly A school (from Greek σχολεῖον - scholeion) is an Institution designed to allow and encourage Students (or "pupils" A hospital is an institution for Health care providing treatment by specialised staff and equipment and often but not always providing for A library is a collection of information sources resources and services and the structure in which it is housed it is organized for use and maintained by a public body an institution Base Exchange (BX also referred to as a Post Exchange (PX on Army installations and Navy Exchange (NEX on Navy installations are shops There may also be Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) facilities like theaters, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, Burger King, gymnasiums, athletic fields, golf courses, automotive work shops, hobby centers, parks, stables, camp grounds, etc. Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue The word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual Education of young men (see Gymnasium A park is a protected area of Land and Water, usually in its natural or semi-natural (landscaped state and set aside for some purpose often to do with human A stable is a Building in which Livestock, especially Horses are kept Description The term "camp" comes from the Latin word campus, meaning field

Purposes

In general, a military base provides accommodations for one or more units, but it may also be used as a command center, a training ground, or a proving ground. A military organization is a way of structuring the armed forces of a State as a need to offer Military capability required by the National defence policy A proving ground is a military installation or reservation where weapons or other military technology are experimented or tested or where Military tactics are tested In most cases, a military base relies on some outside help in order to operate. However, certain complex bases are able to endure by themselves for long periods because they are able to provide food, water and other life support necessities for their inhabitants while under siege. Food is any substance usually composed primarily of Carbohydrates Fats water and/or Proteins that can be eaten or drunk by an Water is a common Chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of Life.

Civilian services offered to soldiers outside a military base
Civilian services offered to soldiers outside a military base

Economic importance

Military bases are often important to the local community by providing jobs and revenue, a sense of identity or association and even a place in history that reaches far beyond the community itself. Sometimes even becoming part of the language as in the phrase “Built like Fort Knox”, although this phrase actually refers to the United States Bullion Depository located at that U.S. Army base. Fort Knox is a United States Army post in Kentucky south of Louisville and north of Elizabethtown. The United States Bullion Depository, commonly called Fort Knox is a fortified vault building located near Fort Knox Kentucky which is used to store a large The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities.

British military bases

In the 18th and 19th Centuries the Royal Engineers were largely responsible for erecting military bases in the British Isles and the British Empire. The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers ( RE) and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps In 1792 the Chief Engineer was instructed to prepare the Barrack Construction estimates for Parliament and at the same time the Department of the Barrackmaster-General was established.

During the period from the 1840s through the 1860s barracks were constructed under supervision of the Royal Engineers in:

The Cardwell Reforms (1872) ushered in another period of intensive Barrack building at Aldershot, Portsmouth, Plymouth, London, Woking, Woolwich, Dublin, Belfast, Malta, Gibraltar and the Cape of Good Hope. The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers ( RE) and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps Bristol ( ˈbrɪstəl is a city, Unitary authority and ceremonial county in South West England, west of London Preston ( ˈprɛstən is a city and local government district in Lancashire, England, located on the River Ribble. Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower) is a historic monument in central London Sheerness (ˈʃɪərnɪs is a town located beside the mouth of the River Medway on the northwest corner of the Isle of Sheppey in north Kent, England Sheffield ( is a city and Metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England The Curragh Camp is an army base and military college located in The Curragh, County Kildare, Ireland. Devonport, formerly named Plymouth Dock or just Dock, is a district of Plymouth in the English county of Devon, although it was at Chelsea is an area of south-west London, England, bounded to the south by the River Thames, where its frontage runs from Chelsea Bridge along The Cardwell Reforms refer to a series of reforms of the British Army undertaken by Secretary of State for War (and former soldier Edward Cardwell between Aldershot is a town in the English County of Hampshire, located on heathland about 60 km (37 miles southwest of London. History See also History of Portsmouth There have been settlements in the area since before Roman times mostly being offshoots of Portchester, which Plymouth ( is a city and unitary authority area on the coast of Devon, England about south west of London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Woolwich (ˈwʊlɪtʃ or /ˈwʊlɪdʒ/ is a suburb in south-east London, England in the London Borough of Greenwich, on the south side of the River Dublin (ˈdʌblɨn/ /ˈdʊblɨn or /ˈdʊbəlɪn/, bˠalʲə aːha klʲiəh or cliə(ɸ is both the largest city and capital of Ireland. Belfast ( is the capital city of Northern Ireland and the seat of government in Northern Ireland. Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar The Cape of Good Hope ( Afrikaans: Kaap die Goeie Hoop, Kaap de Goede Hoop Cabo da Boa Esperança Persian Language: دماغه امید نیک

In 1959 the Corps' Work Services was transferred to the civilian War Department Works Organization (later renamed Property Services Agency (PSA)) and by 1965 the (Specialist Teams Royal Engineers (STRE)) were formed to plan and execute Works projects worldwide.

British naval bases are traditionally named, commissioned, and administered as though were naval ships. For this reason they are sometimes called stone frigates. Stone frigate is a nickname for a naval establishment on land

See also

External links

This List of Military installations consists of a collection of Military related lists Worldwide: List of Australian Air Force installations An Air Force Base ( AFB) is a Military base of any of a number of Air forces including the United States Air Force (USAF and the South African An airbase, sometimes referred to as an Air Force Station, a military Airport or airfield, provides basing and support of Military Geographic Distance is a key factor in military affairs. The shorter the distance the greater the ease with which force can be brought to bear upon an opponent A naval dockyard is a Dockyard that primarily serves a Navy. See also Military base Royal Navy Dockyards A naval dockyard is a Dockyard that primarily serves a Navy. See also Military base Royal Navy Dockyards Barracks are living quarters for personnel on a Military post
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