Mi-24 / Mi-25 / Mi-35
Mil Mi-24D
Type	Attack helicopter
Manufacturer	Mil
Maiden flight	1969
Introduced	1972
Status	Active
Primary users	Russian Air Force ca. An attack helicopter, also known as a Helicopter Gunship, is a Military helicopter armed for attacking targets on the ground An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts Mil Helicopters (Миль is the short name of the Soviet Russian Helicopter producer Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant (Московский вертолетный завод The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord The Russian Air Force ( Russian: Военно-воздушные cилы России transliteration: Voyenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii) is the air force 50 other users
Number built	2000 (estimated)
Developed from	Mil Mi-8
Variants	Mil Mi-28

The Mil Mi-24 (Cyrillic Миль Ми-24, NATO reporting name "Hind") is a large helicopter gunship and low-capacity troop transport produced by Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant and operated from 1972 by the Soviet Air Force, its successors, and over thirty other nations. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The Cyrillic alphabet (səˈrɪlɪk also called azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters is actually a family of Alphabets, subsets of which are used by NATO reporting names are unclassified Code names for military equipment of the Eastern Bloc ( Soviet Union and other nations of the Warsaw pact An attack helicopter, also known as a Helicopter Gunship, is a Military helicopter armed for attacking targets on the ground Mil Helicopters (Миль is the short name of the Soviet Russian Helicopter producer Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant (Московский вертолетный завод This is a list of Aviation -related events from 1972: Events January January 5 - US President Richard Nixon The Soviet Air Force, also known under the abbreviation VVS, transliterated from Russian: ВВС, Военно-воздушные силы ( Voenno-Vozdushnye

In NATO circles the export versions, Mi-25 and Mi-35, are simply denoted with a letter suffix as "Hind D" and "Hind E" respectively. Soviet pilots called the aircraft летающий танк (letayushchiy tank, “flying tank”). Non-official, more common nicknames were Крокодил (Krokodil, “Crocodile”), due to the helicopter's camouflage new scheme ^[1] and Стакан (Stakan, “Glass”), because of the flat glass plates which surrounded the three place cockpit of the Hind A version.

Contents 1 Development 1.1 Recent developments 2 Design 3 Operational history 3.1 Ogaden War (1977-1978) 3.2 Cambodian-Vietnamese War (1978) 3.3 Chadian-Libyan conflict (1978-1987) 3.4 Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) 3.4.1 First deployment 3.4.2 Early combat experience 3.4.3 High attrition rates 3.4.4 The Hind crews 3.4.5 End of Soviet involvement in Afghanistan 3.4.6 Hinds in Afghanistan post Soviet withdrawal 3.5 Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) 3.6 Nicaraguan civil war (1980-1988) 3.7 Sri Lankan Civil War (1987-present) 3.8 Gulf War (1991) 3.9 Croatian War of Independence (1990s) 3.10 First and Second Wars in Chechnya (1990s-2000s) 3.11 Kosovo war (1998 - 1999) 3.12 Sudanese Civil War (1995-present) 3.13 Sierra Leone Civil War (1991-2002) 3.14 First and Second Congo Wars (1996-2003) 3.15 2001 Macedonia conflict (February 2001-August 2001) 3.16 Ivorian Civil War (2002-2004) 3.17 Second Congo War (2003-present) 3.18 Iraq War (March 2003-present) 3.19 War in Somalia (2006–present) 4 Variants 5 Operators 6 Specifications (Mi-24) 6.1 Armament 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

Development

During the early 1960s it became apparent to Soviet designer Mikhail Leont'yevich Mil the trend towards ever increasing battlefield mobility would result in the creation of flying infantry fighting vehicles, which could be used to perform both fire support missions and transport infantry. Mikhail Leontyevich Mil ( Russian language: Михаил Леонтьевич Миль 22 November, 1909 The first expression of this concept was a mock-up unveiled in 1966 in the experimental shop of the Ministry of Aircraft's factory number 329 at which Mil was head designer. The mock-up designated V-24 was based on another project, the V-22 utility helicopter which itself never flew. The V-24 was similar in layout and configuration to the UH-1A Huey with a central infantry compartment that could hold eight troops sitting back to back, and a set of small wings positioned to the top rear of the passenger cabin, capable of holding up to six missiles or rockets, with a twin barreled GSh-23L cannon fixed to the landing skid. For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23 ( ГШ-23) is a twin-barreled 23 mm Automatic cannon developed in the Soviet Union, primarily for Military aircraft

Mil proposed the design to the heads of the Soviet armed forces and while he had the support of a number strategists of the armed forces, he was opposed by a number of the more senior members of the armed forces who believed that conventional weapons were a better use of resources. Despite the opposition, Mil managed to persuade the defence minister's first deputy, Marshal Andrey A. Grechko, to convene an expert panel to look into the matter. Andrei Antonovich Grechko (Андре́й Анто́нович Гречко́ October 17, 1903 &ndash April 26, 1976) Soviet While the panels opinions were mixed, supporters of the project eventually held sway, and a request for proposals for the design of a battlefield support helicopter was issued.

Mil engineers prepared two basic designs, a 7 ton single engine design and a 10. 5 ton twin engine design both based around the 1,700 hp Izotov TV3-177A turboshaft. A turboshaft engine is a form of Gas turbine which is optimized to produce Shaft power, rather than Jet thrust. Later three complete mockups were produced along with five mockups of just the cockpit area to allow the positions of the pilot and the weapon station operator to be fine tuned.

The Kamov bureau suggested an army version of their Ka-25 Hormone ASW helicopter as a low cost option. The Kamov Ka-25 ( NATO reporting name Hormone) is a Russian Naval Helicopter, designed by Nikolai Il'yich Kamov or V This was considered but later dropped in favor of the new Mil twin engine design. A number of changes were made at the insistence of the military, including the replacement of the 23 mm cannon with a rapid fire heavy machine gun mounted in a chin turret, and the use of the then under development 9K114 Shturm (AT-6 Spiral) anti-tank missile. 9K114 Shturm (9К114 «Штурм» "shturm" means "storm" (assault in English is SACLOS radio guided Anti-tank missile system of

A directive was issued on 6 May 1968 to proceed with development of the twin engine design. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1968 ( MCMLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Work proceeded under Mil until his death in 1970. Detailed design work began in August 1968 under the codename Yellow 24. A full scale mockup of the design was reviewed and approved in February 1969. Flight tests with a prototype began on 15 September 1969 with a tethered hover, four days later the first free flight was conducted. Events 668 - Eastern Roman Emperor Constans II is assassinated in his bath at Syracuse Italy. Year 1969 ( MCMLXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A second prototype was built, followed by a test batch of ten helicopters.

Acceptance testing for the design began in June 1970 continuing for 18 months. Changes made in the design addressed structural strength and fatigue problems, and reduced vibration levels. Also, a 12 degree anhedral was introduced to the wings to address the aircraft's tendency to Dutch roll at speeds in excess of 200 km/h, and the Falanga missile pylons were moved from the fuselage to the wingtips. Dihedral is the upward angle from horizontal of the wings or tailpane of a Fixed-wing aircraft or the wing of a Bird. Dutch roll is a type of Aircraft motion consisting of an out-of- phase combination of "tail-wagging" and rocking from side to side The AT-2 Swatter is the NATO reporting name for the 3M11 Fleyta (flute MCLOS radio command Anti-tank missile of the This gave the helicopter its characteristic wings. The tail rotor was moved from the right to the left side of the tail, and the rotation direction reversed. The tail rotor now rotated up on the side towards the front of the aircraft, into the downwash of the rotor, which increased efficency of the tail rotor. A number of other design changes were made until the production version Mi-24A (izdeliye 245) entered production in 1970 and obtaining its IOC in 1971. It was officially accepted into the state arsenal in 1972. ^[2]

Recent developments

In October 2007, defense-aerospace. com reported the government of Saudi Arabia signed a contract for up to 150 Mi-35 and Mi-17 helicopters worth $2. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, KSA ( المملكة العربية السعودية, al-Mamlaka al-ʻArabiyya as-Suʻūdiyya) or Suudi 2 billion. ^[3]

In October 2007, the Russian Air Force announced it will replace its 250 Mi-24 helicopter gunships with 300 more modern Mi-28s and possibly Ka-50s by 2015. The Russian Air Force ( Russian: Военно-воздушные cилы России transliteration: Voyenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii) is the air force WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout "Black Shark" redirects here For the species of fish see Kitefin shark. ^[4][5] Due to Russia's economy it is unclear if the Russian Military can replace all Mi-24s by this time, it may take even longer to phase the Mi-24 out of Russian service.

Design

The core of the aircraft was taken from the Mil Mi-8 (NATO reporting name "Hip"), two top mounted turboshaft engines driving a mid-mounted 17. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A turboshaft engine is a form of Gas turbine which is optimized to produce Shaft power, rather than Jet thrust. 3 m five-blade main rotor and a three blade tail rotor. A helicopter rotor is the rotating part of a Helicopter which generates an aerodynamic Force. The engine positions give the aircraft its distinctive double air intake. The original versions have an angular greenhouse-style cockpit. Model D and later include a characteristic tandem cockpit with a "double bubble" canopy. A cockpit is the area usually near the front of an Aircraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft A bubble canopy is a canopy made like a soap Bubble, which attempts to provide 360° vision to the pilot Other airframe components came from the Mi-14 "Haze". WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Weapon hardpoints are provided by two mid-mounted stub wings (which also provide lift), each offering three stations. A hardpoint is any part of an Airframe designed to carry an external load WING "ESPN 1410" is a commercial AM radio station in Dayton Ohio operating with 5000 watts at 1410 kHz with studios offices and transmitter located on David In the context of a Fluid flow relative to a body the lift force is the component of the Aerodynamic force that is Perpendicular to the flow The load-out mix is mission dependent; they can be tasked with close air support, anti-tank operations, or aerial combat. The body is heavily armored and the titanium rotor blades can resist impacts from .50 caliber (12. Titanium (taɪˈteɪniəm is a Chemical element with the symbol Ti and Atomic number 22 7 mm) rounds. The cockpit is overpressurized to protect the crew in NBC conditions. Pressurization generally refers to the application of Pressure in a given situation or environment and more specifically refers to the process by which Atmospheric pressure A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD) is a weapon which can kill large numbers of humans and/or cause great damage to man-made structures (e The craft uses a retractable tricycle undercarriage. Tricycle gear describes an Aircraft Undercarriage, or landing gear, arranged in a Tricycle fashion As a combination gunship and troop transport, the Mi-24 has no direct NATO counterpart.

Considerable attention was given to making the Mi-24 fast. The airframe was streamlined, and fitted with retractable landing gear to reduce drag. The wings provide considerable lift at high speed, up to a quarter of total lift. The main rotor was tilted 2. 5° to the right from the fuselage to counteract dissymmetry of lift at high speed and provide a more stable firing platform. Dissymmetry of lift in Helicopter Aerodynamics refers to an uneven amount of lift on opposite sides of the rotor disc The landing gear was also tilted to the left to compensate, so when on the ground the rotor would still be level. This makes the rest of the airframe tilt to the left when on level ground. The tail was also asymmetrical to give a side force at speed, thus unloading the tail rotor. ^[2]

While some have compared the UH-1 ("Huey") as NATO's direct counterpart to the Mi-24, the helicopter that created the concept of a troop carrying gunship, this is not true. For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. While UH-1s were used in Vietnam to ferry troops, and were used as gunships, they were not able to do both at the same time. For a UH-1 to be a gunship, the entire passenger area of the helicopter would be stripped to accommodate extra fuel and ammunition, making it useless for troop transport. The Mi-24 can do both, and this was greatly exploited by airborne units of the Soviet Army during the 1980-1989 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The Soviet war in Afghanistan, also known as the Soviet-Afghan War or just the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, was a nine-year conflict involving

Operational history

Ogaden War (1977-1978)

The first use of the Mi-24 in combat was with the Ethiopian forces during the Ogaden War against the Somalis. The Ogaden War was a conventional conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia in 1977 and 1978 over the Ogaden region of Ethiopia The helicopters formed part of a massive airlift of military equipment from the Soviet Union, after the Soviets switched sides towards the end of 1977. The helicopters were instrumental in the combined air and ground assault that expelled Somali forces from Ethiopia by the beginning of 1978. ^[6]

Cambodian-Vietnamese War (1978)

The Mi-24 saw extensive use of Mi-24A by the Vietnam People's Air Force in the Cambodian-Vietnamese War. Vietnamese Air Force or Không Quân Nhân Dân Việt Nam is the Air force of Vietnam. The gunships destroyed many Khmer Rouge bases and outposts up until 1986 when KR forces were driven to the border of Thailand. The Khmer Rouge (ខ្មែរក្រហម Kmae Krɑhɑɑm was the Communist ruling political party of Cambodia &mdashwhich it renamed

Chadian-Libyan conflict (1978-1987)

The Libyan airforce actively used Mi-24As and Mi-25s during their many interventions in Chad's civil war. ^[2] The Hinds were first used in October 1980 in the battle of N'Djamena where they helped the People's Armed Forces seize the capital. N'Djamena (ənʤəˈmeɪnə Arabic Niǧāmīnā نجامينا population 721000 (2005 is the Capital city of Chad. The People's Armed Forces ( Forces Armées Populaires or FAP was a Chadian insurgent group composed of followers of Goukouni Oueddei after the schism with

In March 1987 the Armed Forces of the North, which were backed by the USA and France, managed to seize a Libyan airforce base at Ouadi-Doum in Northern Chad. The Armed Forces of the North ( Forces Armées du Nord or FAN was a Chadian rebel army active during the Chadian Civil War. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Among the aircraft captured during this raid were three Mi-25s. These were turned over to France, who in turn sent one to the United Kingdom and one to the USA. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located ^[2]

Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979-1989)

The aircraft was operated extensively during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, mainly for bombing Mujahideen fighters. The Soviet war in Afghanistan, also known as the Soviet-Afghan War or just the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, was a nine-year conflict involving Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, A Mujahid (Arabic ar مجاهد, literally "struggler" is a Muslim involved in a Jihad, id est fighting in a war or The US supplied heat-seeking Stinger missiles to the Mujahideen, and the Soviet Mi-8 and Mi-24 helicopters proved to be favorite targets of the rebels. The FIM-92 Stinger is a personal portable Infrared homing Surface-to-air missile developed in the United States and used by all the U WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

First deployment

Hinds were supplied to the Afghan government in April 1979 to deal with Mujahideen guerrillas. ^[7] The Afghan pilots were well-trained and made effective use of their machines, but the Mujahideen were not soft targets. They shot down the first Hind to be lost in action on 30 May 1979.

The situation in Afghanistan grew worse and on 25 December 1979 Soviet troops were committed to the war, an action that would prove a major blunder. Events 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) The Red Army found itself involved in a guerrilla war in a country where the rugged terrain favored the locals, who were enthusiastic, competent, and thoroughly determined fighters. The Red Army ( Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия R aboche- K rest'yanskaya K rasnaya A rmiya Guerrilla warfare is the unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes raids etc The Hind seemed like an excellent weapon to help deal with the Mujahideen. Soviet field commanders requested all the Hinds they could get.

Early combat experience

After a nasty learning curve at the hands of the Afghan rebels, Hind pilots learned to be dangerous and cruel themselves, and the rebels called the Hind "Shaitan-Arba" (Satan's Chariot)". ^[7] In one case, a Hind pilot managed to rescue a company of infantry even when he was out of ammunition simply by maneuvering aggressively at the Mujahideen and scaring them off. The Hind was popular with ground troops, since it could stay on the battlefield and provide fire as needed, while "fast mover" strike jets could only stay for a short time before they would have to head back to base to refuel. Ground-attack aircraft are military aircraft designed to attack targets on the ground and are often deployed as Close air support for and in proximity to their own ground forces

The Hind's favored munition was the 80mm (3. 15 in) S-8 rocket, the 57mm (2. The S-8 is a Rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force for use by Military aircraft. A rocket or rocket vehicle is a Missile, Aircraft or other Vehicle which obtains Thrust by the reaction of the 24 in) S-5 having proven too light to be effective. The S-5 (first designated ARS-57) is a Rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force and used by Military aircraft against ground area targets The 23 mm (0. 98 in) gun pod was also popular. A gun pod is a detachable pod or pack containing Machine guns or Automatic cannon and ancillaries mounted externally on a Vehicle such as a Military The Hind could carry ten 100 kilogram (220 pound) iron bombs for attacks on strongpoints, while harder targets could be dealt with using a load of four 250 kilogram (550 pound) or two 500 kilogram (1,100 pound) iron bombs. A gravity bomb is an Aircraft -delivered Bomb that does not contain a Guidance system and hence simply follows a ballistic Trajectory Some Hind crews became expert "snipers" in dropping or tossing bombs precisely on targets. READ DISCUSSION PAGE BEFORE MAKING ANY EDITS TO CAPTION BELOW http//en Fuel-air explosive bombs were also used in a few instances, though initially crews underestimated the sheer blast force of such weapons and were caught by shockwaves that rattled their teeth. Thermobaric weapons distinguish themselves from conventional Explosive weapons by using atmospheric Oxygen, instead of carrying an Oxidizer in their

Combat experience quickly demonstrated that carrying a squad of troops in a Hind wasn't a good idea. In military terminology a squad is a small Military unit led by a Non-commissioned officer (NCO that is subordinate to an Infantry The gunship crews found the soldiers a concern and a distraction while being shot at, and preferred to fly lightly loaded anyway, all the more so because they operated from high ground altitudes in Afghanistan. Hind troop compartment armor was often deleted to reduce weight. Troops were carried in Mi-8 helicopters, with the Hinds providing fire support.

It did prove useful to carry a technician in the Hind's crew compartment, handling a light machine gun in a window port. This gave the Hind some ability to "watch its back" while exiting a target area. In some cases a light machine gun was fitted on both sides to allow the technician to move from one side to the other without having to take the machine gun with him. Trying to shift a machine gun from one side of a helicopter to another while maneuvering under fire was not merely clumsy and inconvenient, it was an invitation to deadly accidents.

This weapons fit still left the gunship blind to the direct rear, and Mil experimented with fitting a machine gun in the back of the fuselage, with the gunner reaching the gun through a narrow crawlway. The experiment was very unsuccessful, since the space was full of engine exhaust fumes and otherwise unbearable, and during a demonstration an overweight Soviet general got stuck in the crawlway. Operational Hinds were retrofitted with rear-view mirrors to help the pilot spot threats and take evasive action.

The Hinds not only protected helicopter troop assaults and supported ground actions, they also protected convoys, using rockets with flechette warheads to drive off Mujahideen ambushes; performed strikes on predesignated targets; and engaged in "hunter-killer" sweeps. The French word fléchette means "little arrow" or Dart projectile of steel that is sharp and pointed with a vaned tail for stable flight The hunter-killers operated in pairs at minimum, more often groups of four or eight, to provide mutual fire support. They used tactics developed during the Second World War against Germany, such as the "Wheel of Death", with the gunships turning in a wide circle to ensure that one was always chewing up the target area. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Mujahideen learned to move mostly at night to avoid the gunships, and in response the Soviets trained their Hind crews in night-fighting, dropping parachute flares to illuminate suspicious targets for attack. The Mujahideen quickly caught on and scattered as quickly as possible when Soviet target designation flares were lit nearby.

High attrition rates

Gunship attrition rates were high. ^[7] The environment itself was rough on the machines, since it was dusty and often hot; the dustiness led to the development of the PZU air intake filters. Of course, the rebels fought back whenever they could. Their primary air-defense weapons early in the war were heavy machine guns and anti-aircraft cannons, though they found anything smaller than a 23 millimeter gun generally did not do much more than annoy a Hind. The cockpit was heavily armoured and could withstand even . 50 in (12. 7mm) rounds, but the tail is extremely vulnerable to even small arms fire due to its lack of armour. Small arms is a term used by the Armed forces to refer to Infantry Weapons such as the Firearms that an individual soldier can carry

Then CIA began to supply the rebels with Stinger shoulder-launched, heat-seeking surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), and the situation got considerably worse. near as long as it used to be several months ago It has been actively summarized and split into sub-articles and there is a dynamic talk page discussion of all A surface to air missile ( SAM) or ground-to-air missile ( GTAM) is a Missile designed to be launched from the ground to destroy Aircraft The heat-seeking nature of the Stinger combined with the Mi-24's exhaust being directly under the main rotor caused the aircraft to disintegrate if hit. This was remedied later by countermeasure flares and a missile warning system being installed into all Soviet Mi-4, Mi-8, and Mi-24 helicopters giving the pilot a chance to evade the missile or crash-land. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Heat-dissipators were also fitted to exhausts to decrease the Hind's heat signature. These alleviated but did not eliminate the Stinger threat.

Hinds were also used to shield jet transports flying in and out of Kabul from Stingers. } Kābul ( Persian and Pashto: کابل, IPA:) is the Capital and largest city of Afghanistan, with The gunships carried flares to blind the missiles, and were under orders to try to take the hit from the missile themselves if worse came to worst. The crews called themselves "Mandatory Matrosovs", after a hero of the Second World War who threw himself across a German machine gun to let his comrades break through. Alexander Matveyevich Matrosov (Александр Матвеевич Матросов (1924-1943 was a famous Soviet infantry soldier during World War II.

The Hind crews

Hind crews led a rough life in general. They carried AK-74s with collapsible stocks to give them a better chance of survival if forced down. The AK-74 is a 545 mm Assault rifle developed in the early 1970s in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. ^[7]

In such a kill-or-be-killed environment, Hind crews acquired a certain edge. Early in the war, head of Mil Marat Timoschenko had visited Afghanistan to see what the troops thought of his helicopters, and gunship crews put on spectacular displays for him. They even demonstrated maneuvers, such as barrel rolls, design engineers considered impossible. A barrel roll is a maneuver in which an object (usually an Airplane or Roller coaster) makes a complete Rotation on its longitudinal axis while An astounded Dr. Timoschenko had to comment, "I thought I knew what my helicopters could do, now I'm not so sure!"^[7].

End of Soviet involvement in Afghanistan

One Mi-24 was shot down on the night of 2 February 1989, with both crewmen killed. It was the last Hind of Soviet helicopters lost in almost ten years of war.

Hinds in Afghanistan post Soviet withdrawal

Hinds were also passed on to pro-Soviet Afghan forces during the war, and remained in dwindling service in the grinding civil war that followed the Soviet withdrawal. ^[7] Some were flown by defectors to Pakistan and a few of these machines apparently found their way into the hands of the US Army. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities.

Afghan Hinds in the hands of the ascendant Taliban gradually became inoperable, but a few flown by the Northern Alliance, which had Russian assistance and access to spares, remained operational up to the US intervention in Afghanistan in the fall of 2001. The Taliban ( طالبان, also anglicised as Taleban; translation "students" is a Sunni Islamist, predominately The United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan ( UIF, Jabha-yi Muttahid-i Islami-yi Milli bara-yi Nijat-i Afghanistan) also known as the Northern In 2008, the Afghan National Air Corps took delivery of six refurbished Mi-35 Hind helicopters, bought from the Czech Republic with US money. They are due to begin live firing exercises in May, so they can escort Mi-17 transport helicopters on operations in restive parts of the country.

Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)

The Mi-25 saw considerable use by the Iraqi Army during the long war with their neighbour, Iran. Pre-2003 History The first Iraqi military forces established by the British were the Iraq Levies several battalions of troops tasked to guard the Royal Air Force bases For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. ^[8] Its heavy armament was a key factor in causing severe damage to Iranian ground forces. However, the Hinds lacked an effective anti-tank capability, as they were only armed with obsolete 9M17 Skorpion missiles. This led the Iraqis to develop new gunship tactics, with help from East German advisors. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state The Mi-25s would form "hunter-killer" teams with French-built Aérospatiale Gazelles, with the Hinds leading the attack and using their massive firepower to suppress Iranian air defenses, and the Gazelles using their HOT missiles to engage armoured fighting vehicles. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout HOT ( H aut subsonique O ptiquement T éléguidé = High Subsonic Optical Guided is an Anti-tank missile system developed by Euromissile An armoured fighting vehicle ( AFV) is a military Vehicle, protected by armour and armed with Weapons Most AFVs are equipped for driving in rugged These tactics proved effective in halting Iranian offensives such as Operation Ramadan, in July 1982. A phase of the Iran-Iraq War, Operation Ramadan was launched by Iran in July 1982 near Basra. ^[9]

This war also saw the only confirmed air-to-air helicopter battles in history with the Iraqi Mi-25s flying against Iranian AH-1J SeaCobras (supplied by the United States before the revolution) on many separate occasions. For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. The Iranian Revolution' (mostly known as the Islamic Revolution, Persian: انقلاب اسلامی Enghelābe Eslāmi was the Revolution that transformed Not long after the beginning of the war with Iraq's invasion of Iran on 22 September 1980, two Iranian SeaCobras crept up on two Hinds and hit them with TOW wire-guided antitank missiles. The BGM-71 TOW is a US Anti-tank guided missile. TOW Tube-launched Optically-tracked Wire-to-command-Link guided Missile Set ^[10] One Mi-25 went down immediately, the other was badly damaged and crashed before reaching base. The Iranians pulled off a repeat performance on 24 April 1981, destroying two Mi-25s without loss to themselves.

Then the Iraqis hit back, claiming the destruction of a SeaCobra on 14 September 1983; three SeaCobras on 5 February 1984; and three more on 25 February 1984. Things went quiet for a time, and then on 13 February 1986 each side lost a gunship. A few days later, on 16 February, a Mi-25 shot down a SeaCobra, with a SeaCobra claiming a Hind in return on 18 February. The last engagement between the two types was on 22 May 1986, when the Hinds shot down a SeaCobra.

The score in the end was 10 kills on SeaCobras and 6 kills on Mi-25s. The relatively small numbers and the inevitable disputes over actual kill numbers makes it unclear if one gunship had a real technical superiority over the other. It appears the outcome of the fights was dependent more on the tactical situation and pilot skill than the inherent merits of each machine. Iraqi Hinds also claimed a total of 43 kills against other Iranian helicopters, such as Agusta-Bell Hueys. For an overview of the whole Huey family of aircraft see Bell Huey WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. ^[10] However, these findings are disputed,^[11] and it is suggested, "Iranian AH-1Js engaged Iraqi MI-8 Hip and MI-24 Hind helicopters. Unclassified sources report that the Iranian AH-1 pilots achieved a 10:1 kill ratio over the Iraqi helicopter pilots during these engagements (1:5)". ^[12]

In general the Iraqi pilots liked the Mi-25, in particular for its high speed, long range, great versatility and big weapon load, but disliked the relatively ineffectual weapons and lack of agility. ^[13]

Nicaraguan civil war (1980-1988)

Mi-25s were also used by the Nicaraguan Army during the civil war of the 1980s. Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America ^[14][15] Nicaragua received 12 Hinds (some sources claim 18) in the mid-1980s to deal with American-backed "Contra" insurgents. The Contras is a label given to the various rebel groups opposing Nicaragua 's FSLN (Frente Sandinista de Liberacion Nacional Sandinista Junta of National ^[10] The Mi-25s performed ground attacks on the Contras and were also fast enough to intercept light aircraft being used by the insurgents. The US Reagan Administration regarded introduction of the Mi-25s as a major escalation of tensions in Central America. The United States Presidency of Ronald Reagan, also known as the Reagan Administration, was a Republican administration headed by

Two Mi-25s were shot down by Stingers fired by the Contras. A third Hind was damaged while pursuing Contras near the Honduran border, when it was pounced on by Honduran F-86 Sabres and A-37 Dragonflies. Honduras in Spanish, República de Honduras) is a democratic republic in Central America. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout A fourth was flown by a defecting Sandanista pilot to Honduras in December 1988. The Sandinista National Liberation Front ( Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional) is a socialist Nicaraguan Political party.

Sri Lankan Civil War (1987-present)

The Indian Peace Keeping Force (1987-1990) in Sri Lanka used Mi-24s when an Indian Air Force detachment was deployed there in support of the Indian and Sri Lankan armed forces in their fight against various Tamil militant groups such as the LTTE. Indian Peace Keeping Force ( IPKF; Hindi: भारतीय शान्ति सेना was the Indian military contingent performing a Peacekeeping The Indian Air Force (Devanāgarī भारतीय वायु सेना IAST Bhartiya Vāyu Senā is the air arm of the Armed Forces of India and has the The Sri Lankan Civil War is an Ongoing conflict on the Island -nation of Sri Lanka. See also Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups Following is a list of Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups "LTTE" redirects here For the Led Zeppelin bootleg see Listen to This Eddie. It is believed that Indian losses were considerably reduced due to the heavy fire support provided by their Mi-24 gunships. The Indians lost no Mi-24s in the operation, as the Tigers had no weapons that could deal with the Crocodile at the time,^[16][10] although several sustained heavy damage due to machine gun fire.

From November 14, 1995 to the present, the Sri Lanka Air Force has used Mi-24s in their continuing war with the LTTE for close air support for ground forces and proved highly effective. Events 1533 - Conquistadors from Spain under the leadership of Francisco Pizarro arrive in Cajamarca, Inca Year 1995 ( MCMXCV) was a Common year starting on Sunday. Events of 1995 The Sri Lanka Air Force ( SLAF) is the aerial defence division and the youngest of the Sri Lankan Tri Forces. The Sri Lankan Civil War is an Ongoing conflict on the Island -nation of Sri Lanka. Currently, the Sri Lanka Air Force operates a mixture of Mi-24/-35P and Mi-24V/-35 versions. They have recently been upgraded with modern Israeli FLIR and Electronic Warfare systems. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. A forward looking infrared (FLIR is an imaging device that senses infrared radiation Electronic warfare ( EW) is the use of the Electromagnetic spectrum to effectively deny the use of this medium by an adversary while optimizing its use by friendly Five were upgraded to intercept aircraft by adding radar, fully functional helmet mounted target tracking systems, and AAMs. Due to LTTE MANPADS at least 5 have been lost, with another two in attacks on airbases, with a one more heavily damaged, but later returned to service. Man-portable air-defense systems ( MANPADS) are shoulder-launched Surface-to-air missiles (SAMs ^[16]

Gulf War (1991)

The Mi-24 was again employed heavily by Iraqis during their invasion of Kuwait, although most were withdrawn by Saddam Hussein when it became apparent that he would need them to retain his grip on power in the aftermath of the war. The State of Kuwait ( دولة الكويت IPA [dawlatt̪ alkuwajt̪]) is a sovereign Arab Emirate on the coast of the Persian Gulf, enclosed Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic: ar صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي --> April 28 1937 &ndash December 30

A few examples later were sent over the border into Iran, along with many other Iraqi military aircraft in the hope of temporarily preventing them from being destroyed by allied air strikes. As with the other Iraqi aircraft, however, the Iranians kept them and used them in their own service.

Croatian War of Independence (1990s)

First shown in Croatia 1993, 12 Mi-24 were efficiently used by Croatian army in Operation Storm 1995 against Serbian part of ex Yugoslavia army JNA and paramilitants of the Krajina army. Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Croatian military is officially called Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oružane snage Republike Hrvatske and it consists of these branches Operation Storm ( Croatian: Operacija Oluja, Serbian Cyrillic: Oпeрaциja Oлуja was the Code name given to a large-scale military operation The Croatian War of Independence was a War in Croatia from 1991 to 1995 Krajina is a Slavic Toponym. Ethymology In Croatian, it refers to area around certain smaller city . At least two Croatian MI-24 were shot down by Serbs.

First and Second Wars in Chechnya (1990s-2000s)

During First and Second Chechen Wars in the Russian republic of Chechnya, beginning in 1994 and 1999 respectively, Mi-24s were employed by the Russian armed forces. The First Chechen War also known as the War in Chechnya was fought between Russia and Chechnya from 1994 to 1996 and resulted in Chechnya's The Second Chechen War, in a later phase better known as the War in the North Caucasus, was launched by the Russian Federation starting August 26 The Chechen Republic (ˈʧɛʧɨn rɪˈpʌblɨk Чече́нская Респу́блика Chechenskaya Respublika; Нохчийн Республика Noxçiyn Respublika As with Afghanistan, however, the Mi-24s were vulnerable to rebel tactics. Dozens are believed to have been shot down or crashed during military operations. A contributing cause to these crashes is the poor maintenance given to these aging helicopters.

Kosovo war (1998 - 1999)

During the fighting against KLA rebels in Kosovo and Metohija, JSO helicopters were involved in action at the village of Donji Prekaz. The Kosovo Liberation Army or KLA ( Albanian: Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës or UÇK) was a Kosovar Albanian guerilla group which sought For the British parachute troops also known as The Red Berets see The Parachute Regiment. On the night of March 1, 1998, a Serbian Unit for special operations (JSO) landed and one of the Mi-24Vs was hit by small arms fire and made an emergency landing, but the KLA rebels were repulsed by JSO personnel. For the British parachute troops also known as The Red Berets see The Parachute Regiment. During the summer of 1998, the Mi-24Vs took part in several combat missions. On June 27, using four helicopters, JSO forces helped some 100 policeman and Serbian civilians fleeing from a NATO-blockade in the village of Kijevo. Kijevo may refer to Kijevo Belgrade, Serbia Kijevo Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia The Mi-24V and Mi-17 transported ammunition and evacuated wounded. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Sudanese Civil War (1995-present)

The Sudanese air force acquired six Mi-24's in 1995 which were used in Southern Sudan and the Nuba mountains to engage the SPLA. Southern Sudan is a region of Sudan, comprising ten of that country's states The Nuba Mountains are a Mountain range in Kordofan, a province in central Sudan, Africa. The Second Sudanese Civil War (sometimes referred to as Anyanya II) started in 1983 although it was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil At least two aircraft were lost within the first year of operation while not in combat, but may have been replaced.

A further twelve were bought in 2001,^[17] and used extensively in the oil fields of Southern Sudan. Mi-24s were also deployed to Darfur in 2004-2005. Darfur (دار فور daar foor, lit "realm of the Fur " is a region in Sudan.

Sierra Leone Civil War (1991-2002)

One and later three Mi-24Vs owned by Sierra Leone and flown by South African mercenaries were used against the RUF rebels. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa A mercenary is a person who takes part in an armed conflict who is not a national or a party to the conflict and is "motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by The Revolutionary United Front ( RUF) was a rebel army that fought a failed ten-year insurrection in Sierra Leone, starting in 1991 and ending in 2002 ^[18] In 1995, they helped drive the RUF from the capital, Freetown. The Sierra Leone Civil War began in 1991, initiated by the Revolutionary United Front (RUF under Foday Sankoh. Freetown is the Capital and largest City of Sierra Leone, and a major Port on the Atlantic Ocean. ^[19]

First and Second Congo Wars (1996-2003)

Three Mi-24s were used by Mobutu's army and later taken over by the new Congolese air force. Also Zimbabwean Mi-24s were operated on behalf of the Congolese army. These have been supplied to Zaire in 1997, at least one of them being flown by Serbian mercenaries. ^[20]

2001 Macedonia conflict (February 2001-August 2001)

The Macedonian armed forces used the Mi-24V, which were supplied by Ukraine, extensively against Albanian separatists. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. The insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia ( January - November 2001) was an armed conflict which began when the ethnic Albanian National The main areas of action were in Tetovo, Radusha and Aracinovo. These aircraft were used frequently and proved to be very effective, with claims of NLA casualties numbering in the hundreds in the village of Aracinovo. ^[21]

Ivorian Civil War (2002-2004)

Five Mil Mi-24s piloted by mercenaries were used in support of government forces. Context of the conflict The civil war revolves around a number of issues particularly The end of the 30-year presidency of Félix Houphouët-Boigny forced They were later destroyed by the French Army in retaliation for an air attack on a French base which killed nine soldiers. The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre (Land Army is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces and its largest ^[22]

Second Congo War (2003-present)

This UN peace keeping mission employed the Mi-24/-35 helicopters from the Indian Air Force to give support to the mission. The Second Congo War, also known as Africa's World War and the Great War of Africa, began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly The IAF has been operating in the region since 2003. ^[23]

Iraq War (March 2003-present)

The Polish contingent in Iraq has been using six Mi-24Ds since December 2004. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Iraq War|2007 in Iraq|2008 in IraqThe post-invasion period in Iraq One of them crashed on 18 July 2006 in an air base in Al Diwaniyah. Events 390 BC - Roman - Gaulish Wars Battle of the Allia - a Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Al Diwaniyah ( BGN: Ad Dīwānīyah; also spelled Diwaniya) is the Capital city of Iraq 's Al Qadisiyah province ^[24]

War in Somalia (2006–present)

The Ethiopian Air Force has about three Mil Mi-35 and ten Mil Mi-24D helicopter gunships operating in Somalia. The Ethiopian Air Force is the air arm of the Ethiopian National Defense Forces and is tasked with protecting the air space providing support to the ground forces as well The War in Somalia is an ongoing armed conflict involving largely Ethiopian and Somali Transitional Federal Government (TFG forces versus the Somali One was shot down near the Mogadishu International Airport on March 30, 2007 by somali resistance fighters. Aden-Adde International Airport, (formerly Mogadishu International Airport) is the international Airport for Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia Events 240 BC - 1st recorded Perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ^[25]

Variants

Main article: Mil Mi-24 variants

Operators

Afghanistan

115 have been delivered to the Afghan Air Force since 1979, with only 4 currently operational. Polish Land Forces (Wojska Lądowe RP is a branch of Poland 's Armed Forces. The Algerian Air Force (QJJ is the aerial arm of the Algerian People's Military. Afghanistan /æfˈgænɪstæn/ officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ( Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت, The Afghan National Air Corps is a service branch of the Military of Afghanistan, which is responsible for Air defense and Air warfare.

Algeria

Angola

Armenia

12 in service with the Armenian Air Force. Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola Pronounced ʁɛˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈgɔlɐ Repubilika ya Ngola is a country in south-central Armenia (Հայաստան transliterated: Hayastan,) officially the Republic of Armenia (Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastani The Armenian Air Force (Հայաստանի Ռազմաօդային Ուժեր is a small air arm formed by independent Armenia in 1992 in the wake of the dissolution of ^[26]

 Azerbaijan

 Belarus

 Bulgaria

44 delivered in 1979-1986. Azerbaijan ( English; Azərbaycan officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azərbaycan Respublikası is the largest and most populous country in the South Belarus ( Belarusian Беларусь / Biełaruś is a Landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north and east The state of Bulgaria (България transliterated bg-Latn ''Balgaria'' The country preserves the traditions (in ethnic name language and alphabet of the First Bulgarian Still in service.

Chad

Cyprus

12x Mi-35P delivered in 2001-2005. Chad (Tchad تشاد Tshād) officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a Landlocked country in Central Africa. Cyprus (Κύπρος transliterated: Kýpros,; Kıbrıs officially the Republic of Cyprus (Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía

Croatia

Grounded and retired. Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between

Cuba

Czech Republic

 Czechoslovakia

East Germany

 Germany

51 taken over from East Germany's Army, sold to Hungary, Poland and two to the US Army. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The German Democratic Republic ( GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik DDR; commonly known in English as East Germany) was a Socialist state Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Georgia

25-50 operated by the Georgian Air Force. The Republic of Equatorial Guinea ( República de Guinea Ecuatorial,) is a country in Central Africa. Eritrea () ( Ge'ez: ኤርትራ ʾErtrā, Arabic: إرتريا Iritriya) officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in NOTE This intro is the result of careful NPOV work Please do not make potentially controversial edits to it without first discussing on the talk page Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between The Georgian Air Force is the air arm of the Georgian Armed Forces.

Guinea

Hungary 49, 20 from the German Army (take over from East German Army)

India

Indonesia

2 Mi-35P operated by the Army Corps/TNI-AD (bought in 2004), 5 Mi-35P ordered in 2006, and additional 3 Mi-35 in 2007. Guinea, officially Republic of Guinea (pronounced /ˈgɪni/ République de Guinée is a country in West Africa, formerly known as French Guinea Hungary (Magyarország 'mɔɟɔrorsaːg) officially in English the Republic of Hungary ( Magyar Köztársaság, literally Magyar (Hungarian Republic India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Republic of Indonesia ( (Republik Indonesia is a Country in Southeast Asia. So far 8 are in service.

 Iran

Iraq

 Ivory Coast

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Libya

Republic of Macedonia

Mongolia

Mozambique

Namibia

Namibian Air Force

Nicaragua

Nigeria

North Korea

Pakistan

One in service. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iran topics. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Côte d'Ivoire (ˌkoʊt divˈwɑː(r ' in English, kot diˈvwaʀ in French) or Ivory Coast, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan ( Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, qɑzɑqˈstɑn Казахстан, Kazakhstán,) officially the Kyrgyzstan (ˈkɻ̩gɪztɑn (AmE or /'kɝgəztan/ (BrE Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан; Russian: Киргизия or Киргизстан or Кыргызстан Libya ( ليبيا ar-Latn Lībiyā; Libyan vernacular: Lībya; Amazigh:) officially the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab The Republic of Macedonia (Република Mongolia (mɒŋˈɡoʊliə, literally Mongol country/nation,) is a Landlocked Country in East Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique, ʁɛ'publikɐ d musɐ̃'bik is a country in southeastern Africa Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa on the Atlantic coast The Namibia Air Force was commissioned on 13 March, 2005 at Grootfontein Air Base Nicaragua (ˌnɪkəˈrɑgwə officially the Republic of Nicaragua () is a representative democratic republic and the largest nation in Central America Nigeria, officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal Constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and

Peru

Poland

Russia

260 in service. Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending

Rwanda

Serbia

Two Mi-24Vs are operated by the Serbian Air Force. The Republic of Rwanda (ruːˈændə or /rəˈwɑːndə/ in English ɾwanda or in Kinyarwanda is a small Landlocked country in the Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country The Serbian Air Force and Air Defense consists of an array of combat Aircraft, Cargo aircraft, Reconnaissance aircraft, UAV,

Sierra Leone

Slovakia

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Air Force operates one squadron consists of 10 Hinds, including Mi-24D/V/P and Mi-35. Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island The Sri Lanka Air Force ( SLAF) is the aerial defence division and the youngest of the Sri Lankan Tri Forces.

 Soviet Union

Soviet Air Force

Sudan

Syria

Tajikistan

Uganda

Ukraine

United States of America

• Cold War Air Museum (CWAM) operates 2 Mi-24s from its Museum at Lancaster Airport (Texas) just south of Dallas, Texas. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 The Soviet Air Force, also known under the abbreviation VVS, transliterated from Russian: ВВС, Военно-воздушные силы ( Voenno-Vozdushnye Sudan (officially the Republic of Sudan) ( السودان al-Sūdān is a country in northeastern Africa. Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية Tajikistan (təˈdʒɪkɨstæn or /təˈdʒiːkɨstæn/ Тоҷикистон tɔʤikɪsˈtɔn or, Persian تاجیکستان‎ taajikestaan officially the Republic of The Republic of Uganda is a Landlocked country in East Africa. Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Lancaster Airport, also known as Lancaster Municipal Airport, is a General aviation airport located in the southeast region of the city of Lancaster ^[27]
• U.S. Army operates a number of Fort Bliss, Texas based Mi-24s at Louisiana's Fort Polk for adversary training. The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. Fort Bliss is a United States Army Military installation of approximately -- the second largest in the Army behind the adjacent White Sands Missile Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. The State of Louisiana ( or, État de Louisiane, pronounced) is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America Fort Polk is a United States Army base located near Leesville Louisiana. The term 'opposing force' is occasionally used to refer to a genuine military foe this article is concerned only with its use in simulated conflict ^[28]
• U.S. FAA registry lists 7 privately owned Mi-24s operated by civilians. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of ^[29]

Uzbekistan

Venezuela

(Mi-35M2)

Vietnam

Yemen

Zimbabwe

Since 1978 around 2,000 Mi-24s have been manufactured, 600 for export. Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( Uzbek: O‘zbekiston Respublikasi or Ўзбекистон Республикаси is a doubly Venezuela (ˌvɛnəˈzweɪlə) officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela) is a country on the Vietnam (ˌviːɛtˈnɑːm Việt Nam) officially Yemen ( Arabic: اليَمَن al-Yaman officially the Republic of Yemen ( Arabic: الجمهورية اليمنية al-Jumhuuriyya See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election

Specifications (Mi-24)

General characteristics

• Crew: 3 (pilot, weapons system officer and technician)
• Capacity: 8 troops or 4 stretchers
• Length: 17. 5 m (57 ft 4 in)
• Rotor diameter: 17. 3 m (56 ft 7 in)

• Wingspan: 6. 5 m (21 ft 3 in)

• Height: 6. 5 m (21 ft 3 in)
• Disc area: 235 m² (2,530 ft²)
• Empty weight: 8,500 kg (18,740 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 12,000 kg (26,500 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Isotov TV3-117 turbines, 1,600 kW (2,200 hp) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 335 km/h (208 mph)
• Range: 450 km (280 miles)
• Service ceiling 4,500 m (14,750 ft)

Armament

Internal guns

• flexible 12. The Maximum Takeoff Weight or Maximum Takeoff Mass of an Aircraft is the maximum weight at which the pilot of the aircraft is allowed to attempt to take off In Aviation, V-speeds or Velocity-speeds are standard terms used to define Airspeeds important or useful to the operation of Aircraft, such The maximal total range is the distance an Aircraft can fly between Takeoff and Landing, as limited by fuel capacity in powered aircraft or cross-country In Aeronautics, a ceiling is the maximum Density altitude an aircraft can reach under a set of conditions 7 mm Yakushev-Borzov Yak-B Gatling gun on most variants
• fixed GSh-30K on the Mi-24P/VP
• flexible GSh-23L on the Mi-24VP
• PKT door mounted machine guns

External stores

• Total payload is 1500 kg of external stores. The Yakushev-Borzov YakB-127 mm is a remotely controlled 127x108mm caliber four-barrel Gatling gun developed by the Soviet Union for the Mil-Mi-24 The Gatling gun is considered by some to have been the first Machine gun: although it did not automatically reload under its own power it was capable of firing continuously The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-30-2 ( ГШ-30-2) or GSh-2-30 is a powerful twin-barrel Autocannon used on certain Russian Military aircraft The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-23 ( ГШ-23) is a twin-barreled 23 mm Automatic cannon developed in the Soviet Union, primarily for Military aircraft
• Inner hardpoints can carry at least 500 kg
• Outer hardpoints can carry up to 250 kg
• Wing-tip pylons can only carry the 9M17 Phalanga in the Mi-24A-D and the 9K114 Shturm complex in the Mi-24V-F. The AT-2 Swatter is the NATO reporting name for the 3M11 Fleyta (flute MCLOS radio command Anti-tank missile of the 9K114 Shturm (9К114 «Штурм» "shturm" means "storm" (assault in English is SACLOS radio guided Anti-tank missile system of

Bomb-load

• All bombs within weight range ZAB, FAB, RBK, ODAB etc. , Up to 500 kg.
• MBD-4 multiple ejector racks with 4xFAB-100
• KGMU2V submunition/mine dispensers

First generation armament (standard production Mi-24D)

• GUV-8700 gunpod (with a 12. 7 mm Yak-B + 2x7. 62 mm GShG-7.62 combination or one AGS-17)
• UB-16 and UB-32 S-5 rocket launchers
• S-24 240 mm rocket
• R-60 (twin rail launchers)
• 9M17 Phalanga (a pair on each wingtip pylon)

Second generation armament (Mi-24V and upgrades)

• UPK-23-250 gunpod carrying the GSh-23L
• S-25 350 mm rockets
• B-8V20 a lightweight long tubed helicopter version of the S-8 rocket launcher
• UB-13 S-13 rocket launcher
• 9M39 Igla missile 2-4 tubes per launcher
• 9K114 Shturm in pairs on the outer and wingtip pylons

ATE upgrade (Superhind MkIII B)

• 30 mm turreted cannon
• 8× Ingwe anti-tank guided missile
• Bombs
• S-8, S-13, S-240 rocket pods

Other

• In foreign service other weapons have sometimes been converted for use
• Modern prototypes can carry the 9K121 Vikhr (Ukrainian prototypes), 9M120 Ataka-V (Mil prototypes), R-73 and a variety of semi-active laser guided rockets and missiles. The Shipunov GShG-762 is a four-barreled rotary machine gun similar to firearms such as the M134 "Minigun". The AGS-17 Plamya (Russian Пламя is a Soviet -designed Automatic grenade launcher currently in production in the Russian Federation The S-5 (first designated ARS-57) is a Rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force and used by Military aircraft against ground area targets The S-24 is a Rocket weapon designed and used by the Soviet Air Force. The Molniya (now Vympel) R-60 ( NATO reporting name AA-8 ' Aphid') is a lightweight Air-to-air missile The AT-2 Swatter is the NATO reporting name for the 3M11 Fleyta (flute MCLOS radio command Anti-tank missile of the The S-25 is a Russian Air-to-ground rocket launched from aircraft The S-8 is a Rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force for use by Military aircraft. The S-13 is a 122 mm calibre unguided Rocket weapon developed by the Soviet Air Force for use by Military aircraft. The 9K38 Igla (9К38 «Игла́» needle) is a Russian Soviet man-portable Infrared homing Surface-to-air missile (SAM 9K114 Shturm (9К114 «Штурм» "shturm" means "storm" (assault in English is SACLOS radio guided Anti-tank missile system of The Ingwe is a modern South African multi-role Laser guided Anti-tank guided missile (ATGM manufactured by Denel Aerospace Systems (formerly 9A1472 Vikhr (Вихрь Whirlwind) is a Russian laser guided Anti-tank missile system The AT-9 Spiral-2 is the NATO reporting name for the 9M120 Ataka-V SACLOS radio guided Anti-tank missile system of the The Vympel R-73 ( NATO reporting name AA-11 Archer) developed by Vympel machine Building Design Bureau, is the most modern Russian short-range
• Variants up to at least Mi-24V (HIND-E) have swivel mounts fitted at the three forward windows on each side, including the two in each door; a rifle can be clamped into these mounts to allow embarked troops to fire from inside the cabin. The forward window on each door has a socket for a pintle-mounted machine gun as well as the rifle mount, although there is not enough space to effectively use both at once. All rifle mounts can be folded or slid out of the way to clear the windows. The windows are hinged at the top and fold up inside the cabin; clips on the cabin ceiling hold them open. The rearmost window on each side cannot be opened. (much like on Soviet APCs from that period). Armoured personnel carriers (APCs are Armoured fighting vehicles developed to transport Infantry on the Battlefield They usually have only a Machine The infantry weapon mounts may have been removed from later production aircraft.
• During the war in Afghanistan, additional hand-held weapons were carried internally for crew self defence if shot down. Extra rounds of rocket ammunition were often carried so that the crew could land and self-reload in the field.

See also

Related development

• Mil Mi-8
• Mil Mi-14
• Mil Mi-28
  

Comparable aircraft

• AH-1 Cobra
• AH-64 Apache
• Agusta A129 Mangusta
• Denel AH-2 Rooivalk
• Eurocopter Tiger
• HAL Light Combat Helicopter
• Kamov Ka-50/Ka-52
• CAIC WZ-10
• Sikorsky S-67
  

References

External links

• manufacturing plant
• MI-24PN Gallery
• Mi-24 service, tactics and variants

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