For the fish called midshipman, see midshipman fish. The midshipman fishes are the Genus Porichthys of Toadfishes They are distinguished by having Photophores (which they use to attract prey

A midshipman is a subordinate officer, or alternatively a commissioned officer of the lowest rank, in the navies of several English-speaking countries. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) Thomas Rowlandson ( July 14, 1756 – April 22, 1827) was an English artist and Caricaturist. A subordinate officer, in many navies (and sometimes other services in the English-speaking world is an officer who has not finished their initial training An officer is a member of an armed force who holds a position of authority The word derives from the part of ship, midships, where they were usually quartered, since commissioned officers were quartered astern and seamen and petty officers in the forecastle.

Contents 1 Royal Navy 2 United States Navy and United States Marine Corps 2.1 U.S. Navy midshipman class and rank insignia 3 See also

Royal Navy

In the Royal Navy, the rank of midshipman is one of the oldest ranks still in existence, and is the second lowest rank of officer, above the rank of Cadet RN which is referred to in the Naval Discipline Act 1957 but no longer used. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the oldest of the British armed services (and is therefore known as the Senior Service) The Naval Discipline Act 1957 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom governing Discipline in the Royal Navy. Although not commissioned, midshipmen are officers in the Royal Navy, and rank immediately below Second Lieutenants in the British Army and Pilot Officers in the Royal Air Force and above all enlisted and warrant ranks (although pre-1956 Royal Navy and Royal Marines Warrant Officers and Commissioned Officers from Warrant Rank were senior to Midshipmen). Second Lieutenant is the lowest commissioned officer Military rank in many Armed forces. The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Pilot Officer ( Plt Off officially in the RAF PLTOFF in the RAAF and RNZAF P/O in the former RCAF and frequently in the RAF is the lowest commissioned A Midshipman in the Royal Australian and Royal New Zealand Navies holds a commission, however this is not confirmed and officially issued until promotion to Sub-Lieutenant. A midshipman's rank insignia, which has changed little since Napoleonic times, is a white patch of cloth with a gold button and a twist of white cord on each side of the coat collar. The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions

Midshipmen, although always treated as officers, were formerly technically ratings, being rated by their captains, but today, like other subordinate officers, they hold their ranks by Admiralty Board orders. The term rating or rate carries different meanings depending on which Navy is being discussed For the Admiralty Board of Imperial Russia see Admiralty Board (Russia. In Napoleonic times boys could only be rated midshipmen after two years at sea, after which they were eligible to sit the examination for Lieutenant after a further four years, being at least 19 years of age. Lieutenant (abbreviated Lt or Lieut) is a Military, Naval, Paramilitary, Fire service, Emergency medical services Today those joining the Navy as graduates start as Sub-Lieutenants with non-graduates joining as Midshipmen. Until they have completed initial sea training, both midshipmen and sub-lieutenants at Britannia Royal Naval College do not use their substantive ranks, but use the non-substantive rank of Officer Cadet

In Royal Navy slang, midshipmen are sometimes referred to as "snotties", and a somewhat dubious legend states that the three buttons formerly on the jacket cuffs of the midshipman were placed there to prevent him wiping his nose on his sleeve [1]. Britannia Royal Naval College (BRNC is the initial officer training establishment of the Royal Navy, located on a hill overlooking Dartmouth, Devon Officer Cadet is a rank held by military Cadets during their training to become Commissioned officers The term Officer Trainee is used interchangeably However, an identical story is told about the cuff-buttons of uniforms of many services in many countries.

Midshipman's badge

Midshipman's insignia

United States Navy and United States Marine Corps

In the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps a midshipman is an officer cadet. The rank of midshipman is used by the U.S. Naval Academy, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, and Naval ROTC. The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States that educates and commissions officers of the United States The United States Merchant Marine Academy is one of the five United States service academies. ROTC links here For other uses see ROTC (disambiguation A Reserve Officers' Training Corps ( ROTC) ROTC produces officers in all branches Midshipmen are further divided into midshipman ranks according to school year and/or standing within their Brigade, reflected in their equivalent NCO or officer ranks.

Midshipmen at the Academy and in Navy-option NROTC wear service dress uniforms similar to those of U. S. Navy officers, with shoulderboard and sleeve insignia varying by school year or officer rank. All wear gold fouled anchor insignia on both lapel collars of the service jacket. Shoulder boards have a gold anchor and a number of slanted stripes indicating year, except for midshipman officers, whose shoulder boards have a small gold star and horizontal stripes indicating their rank.

NROTC Marine-option midshipmen wear corresponding USMC uniforms with the Marine Eagle, Globe and Anchor replacing the fouled anchor where applicable.

On the khaki service uniform shirt, a Freshman (Midshipman Fourth Class or "Plebe") wears no collar insignia, a Sophomore (Midshipman Third Class or "Youngster") wears a single fouled anchor on the right collar point, a Junior (Midshipman Second Class) fouled anchors on each collar point, and a Senior (Midshipman First Class or "Firstie") wears fouled anchors with perched eagles. A freshman, fresher, fish, or frosh is a first-year student in an educational institution Midshipman officers replace the left eagle-anchor with rank insignia. Marine-option NROTC midshipmen wear enlisted Eagle, Globe, and Anchors in place of the fouled anchors or eagle-anchors^[1].

Midshipman officer collar insignia are a series of gold bars, from the rank of Midshipman Ensign (one bar or stripe) to Midshipman Captain (six bars or stripes) in the Brigade of Midshipmen at the U.S. Naval Academy and in Naval ROTC. Ensign (ˈɛnsən is a junior rank of commissioned officer in the militaries of some countries normally in the infantry or navy The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States that educates and commissions officers of the United States ROTC links here For other uses see ROTC (disambiguation A Reserve Officers' Training Corps ( ROTC) ROTC produces officers in all branches The second highest midshipman grade, Midshipman Commander, is the highest rank at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy. Commander is a Military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service The United States Merchant Marine Academy is one of the five United States service academies.

A Naval Academy midshipman receives about $850 a month for expenses, but it is usually greatly reduced by books, barber, and uniform bills. NROTC midshipmen receive a $250 to $400 monthly stipend if they are on scholarship or enter into contract after their sophomore year. All NROTC midshipmen are issued uniforms, typically service dress blues, service khakis, summer whites and dress whites. Some NROTC units may issue camouflage utility uniforms to the majority of students, but all NROTC Marine-option midshipmen and Naval Academy midshipmen receive them.

The Midshipmen is also the name for sports teams fielded by the U. S. Naval Academy.

U. S. Navy midshipman class and rank insignia

Note: NROTC refers to Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps. The Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps ( NROTC) program is a College -based Commissioned officers recruitment tool of the United States Navy

See also

• Comparative military ranks

This article is a list of various States Armed forces ranking designations

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