| Middlesbrough | |
  Middlesbrough shown within North Yorkshire |
|
| Population | 142,691 [1] |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | |
| - London | 253. The Middlesbrough Transporter Bridge (or simply Transporter Bridge) is the furthest downstream bridge across the River Tees. North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using Latitude and Longitude London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. 7 m |
| Unitary authority | Middlesbrough |
| Ceremonial county | North Yorkshire |
| Region | North East |
| Constituent country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | MIDDLESBROUGH |
| Postcode district | TS1 - TS9 |
| Dialling code | 01642 |
| Police | Cleveland |
| Fire | Cleveland |
| Ambulance | North East |
| European Parliament | North East England |
| UK Parliament | Middlesbrough |
| Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland | |
| List of places: UK • England • Yorkshire | |
Middlesbrough (pronunciation ; IPA ['mɪdəlzbɹə] (received pronunciation)) is a town in the Tees Valley sub-region of the North East of England. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Middlesbrough is a Unitary authority and borough in North Yorkshire, England. The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in The region, also known as the government office region, is currently the highest tier of local government sub-national entity of England, with only one North-East England is one of the nine official Regions of England and comprises the combined area of Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear Constituent country is a phrase used often by official institutions in contexts in which a country makes up a part of a larger entity or grouping England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged gives an overview of States around the world with information on the extent of their Sovereignty. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located A post town is a required part of all postal addresses in the United Kingdom, and a basic unit of the postal delivery system UK Postal codes are known as postcodes. UK postcodes are Alphanumeric. The TS postcode area, also known as the Cleveland postcode area, is a group of postal districts around Billingham, Guisborough, Hartlepool, The UK Telephone numbering plan, also known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, is the system used for assigning Telephone numbers in the United There are a number of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom. This article is about the English police force For the Ohio police force please see Cleveland Police Department. The fire service in the United Kingdom operates under separate legislative and administrative arrangements in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Cleveland Fire Brigade is the Statutory fire and rescue service covering the boroughs of Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland The North East Ambulance Service NHS Trust (NEAS is the authority responsible for providing NHS Ambulance services in North East England, covering North East England is a Constituency of the European Parliament. This is a list of the 646 constituencies currently represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, as at the 2005 general election Middlesbrough is a Borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. A Gazetteer of place names in the United Kingdom showing each place's County, Unitary authority or council area and its geographical coordinates List of places --> List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places This is a list of cities, Towns and Villages in the historic English county of Yorkshire. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Received Pronunciation ( RP) is a form of Pronunciation of the English language (specifically British English) which has long been perceived as A town is a type of settlement ranging from a few to several thousand (occasionally hundreds of thousands inhabitants although it may be applied loosely even to huge metropolitan The Tees Valley is an area in the North East of England. It can be described as "greater Teesside " and consists of the four unitary authorities North-East England is one of the nine official Regions of England and comprises the combined area of Northumberland, County Durham, Tyne and Wear England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland It is the largest and most populous settlement within the borough of Middlesbrough, which encompasses the town and several outlying villages which have become suburbs. Middlesbrough is a Unitary authority and borough in North Yorkshire, England.
Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, in 1968 the town became the centre of the county borough of Teesside, which was absorbed by the non-metropolitan county of Cleveland in 1974. The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. The North Riding of Yorkshire was one of the three historic subdivisions of the English county of Yorkshire, alongside the East and West County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City Teesside is the name given to the Conurbation in the North East of England made up of the towns of Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees Cleveland is an area in the north east of England. Its name means literally "cliff-land" referring to its hilly southern areas which rise to nearly. In 1996 Cleveland was abolished, and the Middlesbrough borough became a unitary authority, within the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions The ceremonial counties are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government as the Counties for the purposes of the Lieutenancies North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in
Middlesbrough is different from the other districts on Teesside, as the borough is almost entirely urbanised, thus making it the largest town in terms of area and population, but the smallest district. However, the areas of Eston, Grangetown, Normanby, Ormesby, and South Bank in the neighbouring borough of Redcar and Cleveland, are also part of the Middlesbrough agglomeration. See also Eston guitars Eston is a town within the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Grangetown is a township in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, Normanby is an area in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Ormesby is a former village and now suburb spanning the Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland urban Boroughs in North East England, within the South Bank is a small town in North Yorkshire and part of the Middlesbrough Urban area that lies 2 The borough of Redcar & Cleveland is a Unitary authority in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England consisting of Redcar In the study of human settlements an agglomeration is an extended City or Town area comprising the built-up area of a central place ( usually a Municipality
Middlesbrough is situated on the south bank of the River Tees, a few miles from the edge of the North York Moors National Park. The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles The North York Moors (also known as the North Yorkshire Moors) is a national park in North Yorkshire, England.
Teesport[2] is the UK's second largest port, lies 3 miles (4. Teesport is a large Sea port located in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire in North-East 8 km) to the east, and Durham Tees Valley Airport[3] lies 8 miles (13 km) to the west, near Darlington. Durham Tees Valley Airport is an Airport in North East England, located approximately 10 km (6 Miles east of Darlington, about Darlington is a town in County Durham, England and the main population centre in the Borough of Darlington. North east of Middlesbrough, the Tees Estuary with its colony of breeding seals has extensive sandy beaches in both directions. An estuary is a semi-enclosed Coastal body of Water with one or more Rivers or Streams flowing into it and with a free connection to the open Pinnipeds ("fin-feet" lit "winged feet" or fin-footed mammals are a widely distributed and diverse group of semi-aquatic marine Mammals comprising Some 7000 salmon and 13,000 sea trout migrated upstream through the estuary in 2000. Atlantic salmon, known scientifically as Salmo salar, is a species of Fish in the family Salmonidae, which is found in the northern The brown trout ( Salmo trutta morpha fario and S trutta morpha lacustris) and the sea trout ( S
Contents |
Geography and administration
Civic history
Middlesbrough was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1853. Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to It extended its boundaries in 1866 and 1887, and became a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888. County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City The Local Government Act 1888 (51 & 52 Vict c 41 was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1888 and established County councils and County borough A Middlesbrough Rural District was formed in 1894, covering a rural area to the south of the town. Middlesbrough Rural District was a Rural district in the North Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 19xx It was abolished in 1932, partly going to the county borough; but mostly going to the Stokesley Rural District. Stokesley was a Rural district in the North Riding of Yorkshire from 1894 to 1974. [4]
Middlesbrough gained a "twin" in 1890 when the town of Middlesborough, Kentucky was incorporated in the United States; it was named after its English namesake due to the discovery of ironstone deposits in the region. Middlesboro, also spelled Middlesborough, is a city in Bell County, Kentucky, United States. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the
Middlesbrough is twinned with the Oberhausen in Germany, Masvingo in Zimbabwe and Dunkerque ('Dunkirk' in English) in France. Oberhausen (ˈoːbɐhaʊzən is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Masvingo is a town in south-eastern Zimbabwe and the capital of Masvingo Province. See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election Dunkirk ( French: Dunkerque, dœ̃kɛʀk or; Dutch:; is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. This last association resulted from the Dunkirk evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force during World War II, in which one quarter of the ships involved were from Teesport. Dunkirk ( French: Dunkerque, dœ̃kɛʀk or; Dutch:; is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the The British Expeditionary Force ( BEF) was the British army sent to the Western Front in France and Belgium on the outbreak of World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Teesport is a large Sea port located in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire in North-East The seaside town Redcar (which borders Middlesbrough) was used to replicate the Dunkirk evacuation in the 2007 film Atonement. Atonement is a 2007 film adaptation of Ian McEwan 's critically acclaimed novel of the same name, directed by Joe Wright, and based
The district in England and Wales with the lowest healthy life expectancy, according to the Office for National Statistics study, is Middlehaven, the dockside area of Middlesbrough. [5]
Divisions and suburbs
The following is a table of the different districts and suburbs in the Middlesbrough area.
| Acklam | Beechwood | Berwick Hills | Brambles Farm | Brookfield |
| Coulby Newham | Easterside | Eston | Grove Hill | Grangetown |
| Hemlington | Lazenby | Linthorpe | Marton-in-Cleveland | Marton Grove |
| Netherfields | Normanby | North Ormesby | Nunthorpe | Ormesby |
| Pallister | Park End | Priestfields | Saltersgill | South Bank |
| St. Acklam was a village in Cleveland in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England. Berwick Hills is a neighbourhood in east Middlesbrough, England with a population of 4465 Brambles Farm is a small housing estate in east Middlesbrough, England with a population of 3200 Coulby Newham is a large housing estate in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, with a resident Easterside is a small housing estate towards the geographical centre of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England, with a population of 3200 See also Eston guitars Eston is a town within the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Grove Hill is a housing estate and ward of Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire Grangetown is a township in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, Hemlington is a settlement within the town of Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, Lazenby is a place in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Linthorpe is a contemporary inner-suburb and formerly standalone Village and Township in Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough in the Marton Grove is an area in the town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Netherfields is a small Housing estate in East Middlesbrough within the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Normanby is an area in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. North Ormesby is an area in the town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Nunthorpe is a small outer suburb of the town of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Ormesby is a former village and now suburb spanning the Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland urban Boroughs in North East England, within the Pallister is a housing estate in east Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Park End is in east Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. South Bank is a small town in North Yorkshire and part of the Middlesbrough Urban area that lies 2 Hilda's | Stainton-in-Cleveland | Thorntree | Teesville | Tollesby |
| Town East | Town Farm | Town West | West Lane | Whinney Banks |
History
Etymology
Although often thought of as a settlement with no early history, the name Middlesbrough can trace its roots back a long way. Stainton is a village in Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. See also Thorn tree Thorntree is a housing estate in east Middlesbrough within the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county Teesville is an area in the Middlesbrough Agglomeration in the north east of England, and part of the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and in Tollesby, is a residential area within the Acklam ward situated in the town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of West Lane is a neighbourhood in West Central Middlesbrough. Bounded by Whinney Banks to the south Newport & Gresham to the north Linthorpe to the east Whinney Banks is a neighbourhood in the west of Central Middlesbrough, England. Mydilsburgh is the earliest recorded form of the name. The element '-burgh', from Old English burh, meaning 'fort' denotes an ancient fort or settlement of pre-Anglian origin (this being the term on which Middlesbrough Football Club's ardently chanted nickname, 'The Boro', plays). For their language see Anglo-Saxon language. Anglo-Saxon is the term usually used to describe the invading Tribes in the south Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. Maturing into brough gave this extension individuality in a country more customarily associated with the alternative borough in its town names. A borough is an Administrative division of various countries In principle the term borough designates a self-governing Township although in practice
It is solely by retrospective conjecture that the first element of the name, Mydil, has come to be identified as a development of the Old English middel (subsequently morphing into middle and supposedly a tribute to the settlement's position between the great Christian centres of Durham and Whitby). Durham (ˈdʌrəm in RP, locally ˈdʏrəm is a small city and main settlement of the City of Durham district of County Durham, England Whitby is a historic town and Civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire on the north-east coast of England. The burgh, though, may have included a monastic cell and was probably situated on the elevated land where the Victorian church of St Hilda's (demolished in 1969) was later built. The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era. Hilda of Whitby (c 614&ndash680 is a Christian Saint. The source of information about Hilda is The Ecclesiastical History of the English
Early history
In 686 a monastic cell was consecrated by St. Cuthbert at the request of St. Hilda Abbess of Whitby and in 1119 Robert Bruce granted and confirmed the church of St. For the Dungeons & Dragons deity see Saint Cuthbert (Dungeons & Dragons St Cuthbert of Lindisfarne (c Hilda of Whitby (c 614&ndash680 is a Christian Saint. The source of information about Hilda is The Ecclesiastical History of the English Whitby is a historic town and Civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire on the north-east coast of England. Hilda of Middleburg to Whitby. Whitby is a historic town and Civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire on the north-east coast of England. Up until its closure on the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII in 1537,[6] the church was maintained by 12 Benedictine monks, many of whom became vicars or rectors of various places in Cleveland. The Dissolution of the Monasteries, sometimes referred to as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the formal process between 1536 and 1541 by which Henry VIII disbanded Henry VIII (28 June 1491 &ndash 28 January 1547 was King of England and Lord of Ireland, later King of Ireland and claimant to the Kingdom of Benedictine refers to the Spirituality and Consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in The importance of the early church at “Middleburg”, later known as Middlesbrough Priory, is indicated by the fact that in 1452 it possessed four altars.
After the Angles the area became home to Viking settlers and it is argued by some that 'old' Cleveland has the highest density of Scandinavian parish names in Britain. For their language see Anglo-Saxon language. Anglo-Saxon is the term usually used to describe the invading Tribes in the south A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Cleveland is an area in the north east of England. Its name means literally "cliff-land" referring to its hilly southern areas which rise to nearly. Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well Names of Viking origin (with the suffix by) are abundant in the area - for example, Thornaby, Ormesby, Stainsby, Lackenby, Maltby and Tollesby were once separate villages that belonged to Vikings called Thormad, Orm, Steinn, Hlakkande, Malti and Toll, but now form suburbs of Middlesbrough. A Viking is one of the Norse ( Scandinavian Explorers Warriors Merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas Thornaby-on-Tees is a town and Civil parish within the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England Ormesby is a former village and now suburb spanning the Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland urban Boroughs in North East England, within the Lackenby is a small village in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and cerimonally in the county of North Yorkshire, England. Maltby is a village within the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Tollesby, is a residential area within the Acklam ward situated in the town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of Lazenby was the village belonging to a Leysingr - a freeman; Normanby, a Norseman's village and Danby (in neighbouring North Yorkshire), a Dane's village. Lazenby is a place in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. Normanby is an area in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in The name Mydilsburgh is the earliest recorded form of Middlesbrough's name and dates to Anglian times (400 to 1000 A. For their language see Anglo-Saxon language. Anglo-Saxon is the term usually used to describe the invading Tribes in the south D. ), while many of the aforementioned villages appear in the Domesday Book of 1086. The Domesday Book (ˈduːmzdeɪ bʊk also known as Domesday, or Book of Winchester) was the record of the great survey
Other links persist in the area, often through school and/or road names, to now-outgrown or abandoned local settlements, such as the medieval settlement of Stainsby, deserted by 1757, which amounts to little more today than a series of grassy mounds near the A19 road. Deserted medieval village (DMV sites are former settlements which have been abandoned for one reason or another over the years usually leaving little but the remains of earthworks The A19 is a major Road in England, running parallel to and east of the A1 road. [7] In 1952 Stainsby Secondary Modern School, now renamed Acklam Grange Secondary School, was named for this village. Acklam Grange Secondary School is a specialist college of mathematics and computing situated at the end of Lodore Grove Acklam, Middlesbrough.
Post-industrial history
In 1801 Middlesbrough was a hamlet consisting of a population of just 25 people across four farmhouses, but during the latter half of the 19th century experienced a growth unparalleled in England. A hamlet is (usually&mdashsee below a Rural community — that is a small settlement — which is too small to be considered a Village. Development began with the purchase of the farm in 1829 by a group of Quaker businessmen, headed by Joseph Pease the Darlington industrialist, who saw the possibilities of Middlesbrough as a port for North East coal. Joseph Pease may refer to Joseph Pease (railway pioneer (1799&ndash1872 railway owner first Quaker elected Member of Parliament Sir Joseph Darlington is a town in County Durham, England and the main population centre in the Borough of Darlington. Four initial streets, leading into the Market Square, were duly laid out. Their cause was facilitated by an 1830 extension of the Stockton and Darlington Railway to the site that all-but erased any existing logistical woes threatening to act as the last block to the more indefinite development of the town. The Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR which opened in 1825 was the world's first permanent Steam locomotive hauled public Railway. Prior to 1830 the shipment of coal was problematic due to the shallow waters around Stockton-on-Tees. The opening of the Clarence Railway, in 1833, which shared some track belonging to the Stockton and Darlington Railway, also provided the stimulus for the growth of Port Clarence on the opposite side of the river to Middlesbrough. Port Clarence is a small village now within the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and Ceremonial county of County Durham, England.
All that remained to be partaken was the visit of one William Ewart Gladstone to the town, who was, once under the roof of the original (1846) Town Hall promptly, and famously to dub it 'an infant Hercules' in 'England's enterprise. Hercules is the Roman name for the Mythical Greek hero Heracles, son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmena. '
At the very moment when early fortunes showed signs of giving way to decline, another great leap forward took place, with the discovery of ironstone in the Eston Hills in 1850. In 1841, Henry Bolckow (pronounced Belko), who had come to England in 1827, had formed a partnership with John Vaughan of Worcester, and started an iron-foundry and rolling mill at Middlesbrough. Henry William Ferdinand Bolckow, MP (8 December 1806–18 June 1878 was a Victorian Industrialist, acknowledged as being one of the 'fathers' of modern John Vaughan was born in Worcester, he worked as a foreman at Dowlais Ironworks in South Wales Worcester (ˈwʊstə is a city and County town of Worcestershire, in the West Midlands of England. It was Vaughan who realised the economic potential of local ironstone deposits[8]. Pig-iron production rose tenfold between 1851 and 1856. On the 21st January 1853, Middlesbrough received its Royal Charter of Incorporation, giving the town the right to have a mayor, aldermen and councillors. Bolckow became mayor in 1853 and Middlesbrough's first Member of Parliament (MP). A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a Parliament. The first ten mayors of Middlesbrough were:
1853. Henry William Ferdinand Bolckow, 1854. Isaac Wilson, 1855. John Vaughan, 1856 Henry Thompson, 1858. John Richardson, 1859. William Fallows, 1860. George Bottomley, 1861. James Harris, 1862. Thomas Brentnall, 1863. Edgar Gilkes.
On the 15th of August, 1867, a Reform Bill was passed, making Middlesbrough a new parliamentary borough, Bolckow was unanimously elected member for Middlesbrough the following year.
The rapid growth of the town saw the prophetic words (probably spoken by Pease), 'Yarm was, Stockton is, Middlesbrough will be' come true. Yarm is a small town in the borough of Stockton-on-Tees in North East England. Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. Indeed, the motto chosen by the first body of town councillors was in fact 'Erimus'; Latin for 'We shall be'. (See also the Pearson family grave at Crambe, which uses the motto "ERIMUS". Karl Pearson FRS ( March 27 1857 &ndash April 27 1936) established the disciplineof Mathematical statistics. Crambe is a village and Civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England. )
The population of Middlesbrough, as county borough, peaked at almost 165,000 in the late 1960s but has been in decline since the early 1980s. From 2001 to 2004, the recorded population jumped significantly, from 134,000 to 142,000, then to 147,000 in 2005, with 2006 estimates stating approximately 190,000, suggesting the population is increasing rather than decreasing as estimated by Tees Valley Partnership.
The Bell brothers opened their great ironworks on the banks of the Tees in 1853. The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles Steel production began at Port Clarence in 1889 and an amalgamation with Dorman Long followed. Port Clarence is a small village now within the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and Ceremonial county of County Durham, England. Dorman Long, based in Middlesbrough, North East England, was a major Steel producer which diversified into Bridge building and is now a manufacturer After rock salt was discovered under the site in 1874, the salt-extraction industry on Teesside was founded. By now Bell Brothers had become a vast concern employing some 6,000 people. Isaac Lowthian Bell's own eminence in the field of applied science, where he published many weighty papers, and as an entrepreneur whose knowledge of blast furnaces was unrivalled, led to universal recognition. Sir (Isaac Lowthian Bell 1st Baronet FRS ( 18 February 1816 &ndash 20 December 1904) was a Victorian Ironmaster He was the first president of the Iron and Steel Institute, and the first recipient of the Bessemer Gold Medal in 1874. The Institute of Materials Minerals and Mining (IOM3 is a major UK engineering Institution whose activities encompass the whole materials cycle from exploration and extraction The Bessemer Gold Medal is an annual prize awarded by the Institute of Materials Minerals and Mining for "outstanding services to the steel industry" Bell was Lord Mayor of Newcastle in 1854-1855, and again in 1862-1863. He served as MP for Hartlepool in 1875-1880. Hartlepool ('hɑːtlɪpuːl is a North Sea port in North East England
For many years in the 19th century Teesside set the world price for iron and steel. Teesside is the name given to the Conurbation in the North East of England made up of the towns of Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees The steel components of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (1932) were engineered and fabricated by Dorman Long of Middlesbrough. } The Sydney Harbour Bridge is a Steel arch bridge across Sydney Harbour that carries rail vehicular and pedestrian traffic between the Sydney central business Dorman Long, based in Middlesbrough, North East England, was a major Steel producer which diversified into Bridge building and is now a manufacturer Fittingly, the words MADE IN MIDDLESBROUGH are stamped on the Bridge. "The golden rivet" was hammered in by Kenneth Johnson Esq, Mechanical Engineer, whose son Christopher was later a pioneer in the Offshore Oil & Gas Industry. The company was also responsible for the earlier New Tyne Bridge across the river at Newcastle. The Tyne Bridge is a Compression arch suspended-deck bridge over the River Tyne in North East England, linking Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle upon Tyne ( (often shortened to Newcastle) is a city and Metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, England
Via a 1907 Act of Parliament the Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Company also built the great Transporter Bridge (1911) which spans the Tees itself between Middlesbrough and Port Clarence. An Act of Parliament is a Law enacted as Primary legislation by a national or sub-national Parliament. Dorman Long, based in Middlesbrough, North East England, was a major Steel producer which diversified into Bridge building and is now a manufacturer The Middlesbrough Transporter Bridge (or simply Transporter Bridge) is the furthest downstream bridge across the River Tees. Port Clarence is a small village now within the borough of Stockton-on-Tees and Ceremonial county of County Durham, England. At 850 feet (260 m) long and 225 feet (69 m) high, is one of the largest of its type in the world, and one of only two left in working order in Britain (the other being in Newport). Newport (Casnewydd is a city and principal area in Wales, in the United Kingdom. The bridge remains in daily use and it is worth noting, that contrary to what is suggested by the plot of popular BBC drama/comedy Auf Wiedersehen, Pet, the bridge was not at any point dismantled and removed to Arizona. Auf Wiedersehen Pet was a popular British comedy-drama series about a group of seven British migrant construction workers Wayne, Dennis, The State of Arizona ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is, indeed, a Grade II* listed building. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance Another landmark, the Tees Newport Bridge opened further along the Tees in 1934. Opened to traffic on 28 February 1934
The great steelworks, chemical plants, shipbuilding and offshore fabrication yards that followed the original Middlesbrough ironworks, have in the recent past contributed to Britain's prosperity in no small measure and still do to this day.
Middlesbrough had the distinction of being the first major British town and industrial target to be bombed during the Second World War when the Luftwaffe visited the town on the 25 May 1940. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including ( German 'luftvafe is a generic German term for an Air force. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Most notably in 1942 a lone Dornier 217 picked its way through the barrage balloons and dropped a stick of bombs onto the railway station. The Dornier Do 217 was a bomber used by Germany during World War II. A barrage balloon is a large balloon tethered with metal cables used to defend against low-level attack by aircraft by damaging the aircraft on collision with the cables Middlesbrough railway station serves the large town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, It is a local tale that one or two fish and chip shops also came a cropper to the raids.
It is also alleged that Middlesbrough was the second target on the Soviet Union's list of UK nuclear targets during the Cold War, due to the mix of heavy industrialisation, a nuclear power plant, a major port, and a skilled workforce. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Cold War is the state of conflict tension and competition that existed between the United States and the Soviet Union (USSR and their respective allies from the
Green Howards
The Green Howards was a British Army infantry regiment very strongly associated with Middlesbrough and the area south of the River Tees. The Green Howards (Alexandra Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment was an Infantry Regiment of the British Army, part of the King's Division The Green Howards (Alexandra Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment was an Infantry Regiment of the British Army, part of the King's Division The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Originally formed at Dunster Castle, Somerset in 1688 to serve King William of Orange, later King William III, this famous regiment became affiliated to the North Riding of Yorkshire in 1782. William III or William of Orange (14 November 1650 &ndash 8 March 1702 He is informally known in Northern Ireland and Scotland as "King Billy" As Middlesbrough grew, its population of men came to be a group most targeted by the recruiters. The Green Howards were part of the King's Division. The King's Division is a British Army command training and administrative apparatus designated for infantry regiments in the North of England On 6 June 2006, this famous regiment was merged into the new Yorkshire Regiment and are now known as 2 Yorks - The 2nd Battalion The Yorkshire Regiment (Green Howards). The Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th 19th and 33rd/76th Foot (YORKS is one of the large Infantry Regiments of the British Army. There is also a Territorial Army (TA) company at Stockton Road in Middlesbrough, part of 4 Yorks which is wholly reserve. The Territorial Army ( TA) is the principal and Volunteer reserve force of the British Army, the land armed forces branch of the United Kingdom
One of the most well-known soldiers of this historic regiment was a man named WO2 (Company Sergeant Major) Stanley Hollis. He was the only soldier in all of the British and empire armies to win a Victoria Cross (V. See below the section "Separate Commonwealth awards" Note that since C) in the D-Day Landings at Normandy, France in June 1944. D-Day may also refer to Decimal Day in the United Kingdom. D-Day is a term often used in Military parlance to denote Other well-known Green Howards have included the TV magician Paul Daniels, Middlesbrough Football Club's Wilf Mannion, General Sir Richard Dannatt (who was appointed Chief of the General Staff of the British Army in August 1996), former England rugby player Tim Rodber, and Yorkshire and England Cricketer Hedley Verity, killed in action in 1943. Paul Daniels (born Newton Edward Daniels on 6 April 1938 is a British magician and television performer Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. Wilfred ("Wilf" James Mannion ( 16 May 1918 - 14 April 2000) was an English professional football player General Sir Francis Richard Dannatt KCB CBE MC (born 23 December 1950) is the Chief of the General Staff The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. Timothy Andrew Keith Rodber (born July 2, 1969) formerly a Rugby union footballer who played at Number eight, flanker or Hedley Verity ( born 18 May 1905 in Headingley, Leeds, died in Caserta, Italy 31 July 1943, of wounds
Present day
Middlesbrough's contemporary townscape is largely workaday, it being no longer a heavy industrial town, though there are areas around which still support chemical, fertiliser and iron and steel production.
Landmarks
Located in the suburb and former village of Acklam and by some distance Middlesbrough's oldest domestic building is Acklam Hall of c. A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet, but smaller than a Town or City. Acklam Hall is a Restoration Mansion in the former Village, and now Suburb, of Acklam in Middlesbrough, in the borough 1680-3. Built by Sir William Hustler, it is also Middlesbrough's sole Grade I listed building. William Hustler (1655 - 1730 was an English Draper of the Hustler family. A listed building in the United Kingdom is a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural historical or cultural significance The Restoration mansion, accessible through an avenue of trees off Acklam Road, has seen progressive updates through the centuries, such that it makes for a captivating document of varying trends in English architecture. The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the English monarchy, Scottish monarchy and Irish monarchy were restored A mansion is a large dwelling House. The word itself derives (through Old French) from the Latin word mansus (the perfect passive participle The architecture of the United Kingdom has a long and diverse history from beyond Stonehenge to the designs of Norman Foster and the present day
Built on extensive grounds by the Pennyman family now under the jurisdiction of the National Trust, Ormesby Hall, a Palladian mansion actually technically located within the neighbouring borough of Redcar and Cleveland, but within one of the town's seven conservation areas, was largely built around 1740, although an older wing dating from around 1599, still exists. The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty, usually known as the National Trust, is a conservation organization in England, Wales Ormesby Hall is a predominantly 18th century mansion house built in the Palladian style situated in Ormesby, near Middlesbrough, in the borough of PLEASE DO NOT ADD AN INFO BOX TO THIS PAGE --> Palladian architecture is a European style of Architecture derived from the designs of the Italian The borough of Redcar & Cleveland is a Unitary authority in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England consisting of Redcar
Not to be ignored either are a clutch of interesting churches, for example at Acklam, Marton and Stainton (c. 12th century), or the modern St. Mary's Roman Catholic Cathedral at Coulby Newham, replacing in the 1980s the previous structure on Sussex Street that was left gutted at the mercy of arsonists in 2000. Middlesbrough Cathedral or the Cathedral Church of St Mary the Virgin is a Roman Catholic Cathedral in Coulby Newham, Middlesbrough This article is about the history and organisation of the cathedral Coulby Newham is a large housing estate in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, with a resident
But a modest tally of pre-1900 buildings remain in the town centre, however; the priory, farmhouse and any other elements of the town's pre-industrial landscape (such as the Restoration Newport House and its associated Hustler Granary, which submitted to demolition in the 1930s by virtue of its vicinity to the then-recently opened Tees Newport Bridge, and the locally famous "White Cottages" on St. The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the English monarchy, Scottish monarchy and Irish monarchy were restored Opened to traffic on 28 February 1934 Barnabas Road in Linthorpe) have long since been banished to history. Linthorpe is a contemporary inner-suburb and formerly standalone Village and Township in Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough in the [9] Indeed, incorporation of the town itself did not occur until 1853. Even so, the urban centre remains home to a variety of architecture ranging from the Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, opened in January 2007 to replace a number of former outlying galleries; and Centre North East, formerly Corporation House, which remains the tallest building in the North East of England, having initially opened in 1971. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East Centre North East, formerly Corporation House as of its construction in 1974 is at 19 storeys and 70 Many believe that there is a beauty to be found in the surrounding landscape of industry along the River Tees from Billingham to Wilton. The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles Billingham is a Town in the Borough of Stockton on Tees in North East England with a population of 35765 (2006 The terraced Victorian streets surrounding the town centre are characterful elements of Middlesbrough's social and historical identity, and the vast streets surrounding Parliament Road and Abingdon Road a reminder of the area's wealth and rapid growth during industrialisation. The term Victorian architecture can refer to one of a number of Architectural styles predominantly employed during the Victorian era.
The town hall, designed by George Gordon Hoskins and built between 1883 and 1887 is a Grade II Listed Building, and a very imposing structure. George Gordon Hoskins FRIBA ( 1837 - 11 December 1911) was an English architect responsible for the design of several public buildings in the Of comparable grandeur alongside these municipal buildings is the erstwhile Empire Palace of Varieties of 1897, the finest surviving theatre edifice designed by Ernest Runtz in the UK. The first artist to star there in its guise as a music hall was Lillie Langtry. Music hall is a form of British theatrical Entertainment which was popular between 1850 and 1960 Lillie Langtry ( 13 October 1853 &ndash 12 February 1929) born Emilie Charlotte Le Breton, was a highly successful British Later it became an early nightclub (1950s), then a bingo-hall and is now once again a night club in the form of 'The Empire'. It has recently, as of 2005, had the missing ornate glass and steel over-canopy to the front entrance fully restored. Further afield in Linthorpe, can be found the Little Theatre (now Middlesbrough Theatre), which was opened by Sir John Gielgud in 1957 and was one of the first new theatres built in England after the Second World War. Sir Arthur John Gielgud, OM, CH ( 14 April, 1904 – 21 May 2000) known as Sir John Gielgud, was an World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including
The town can also boast this country’s only public sculpture by the celebrated modern American artist Claes Oldenburg, the "Bottle O' Notes" of 1993, which relates to Captain James Cook. Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a sculptor, best known for his Public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and Based alongside it today in the town's Central Gardens is the Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art (MIMA), the successor to previous art galleries on Linthorpe Road and Gilkes Street. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually Visual art. Refurbished in 2006 is the Carnegie library dating from 1912. For other uses see Carnegie Library (disambiguation, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Free Library and Carnegie Public Library The Dorman Long office on Zetland Road, constructed between 1881 and 1891, is the only commercial building ever designed by Philip Webb, the great architect who worked for Sir Isaac Lowthian Bell. Dorman Long, based in Middlesbrough, North East England, was a major Steel producer which diversified into Bridge building and is now a manufacturer Philip Speakman Webb ( 12 January, 1831 &ndash 17 April 1915) was an English Architect &mdash sometimes called the
The town centre has been undergoing a modernising makeover in recent years, including the addition in 2004 of 'Spectra-txt,' a 10 metre high interactive tower of metal and fibre-optics inspired by Blade Runner (whose own industrial scenery was inspired by that of Teesside, by virtue in part of the experiences of its director, the South Shields-born Ridley Scott, a former art college student up the coast in nearby industrialised West Hartlepool). Blade Runner is a 1982 American Science fiction Film, directed by Ridley Scott. South Shields is a coastal town in Tyne and Wear, England, located at the mouth of the River Tyne. Sir Ridley Scott (born November 30 1937 in South Shields, Tyne and Wear) is a British Academy Award Nominated and Golden Globe Emmy Award and BAFTA Award winning Cleveland College of Art & Design is a further and Higher education Art and Design college based in the North East of England This article refers to the place for the Rugby Football Club see West Hartlepool R 'Spectra-txt' allows a member of the public to send an SMS (text) message via a mobile phone to change the colours of the lights. Short Message Service ( SMS) is a Communications protocol allowing the interchange of short text messages between mobile telephone devices. Texting various codes, such as 'Chromapop' produce a display of changing colour lights.
Transport
Middlesbrough is served well by public transport. The Arriva North East, Stagecoach on Teesside, Leven Valley, Alrite Travel and Go North East bus lines provide local transport mainly in Middlesbrough and to Durham Tees Valley Airport, Sunderland, Stockton-on-Tees, Darlington and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Arriva North-East is a division of the transport group Arriva. Stagecoach Group plc ( is a leading international transport group operating Bus, Train, Tram, express coach and Ferry operations Go North East was originally the founding company of the Go-Ahead Group. Sunderland (, or /ˈsʌn(dlən/ is a City in Tyne and Wear, England. Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. Darlington is a town in County Durham, England and the main population centre in the Borough of Darlington. Newcastle upon Tyne ( (often shortened to Newcastle) is a city and Metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, England National Express and Megabus operate long distance coach travel. National Express Group plc ( is a UK -based Transport group with headquarters in London that operates Bus, coach, rail Megabus can refer to Megabus (United Kingdom - a low-cost bus service in Great Britain owned by Stagecoach Group and organized as an intercity bus network Middlesbrough has recently benefited from an upgrade in bus services; with digital displays having being fitted at selected bus shelters in the town and many bus shelters being renovated.
Train services are operated by Northern Rail and Transpennine Express, the latter of which provides direct rail services to cities such as York and Manchester; departing from Middlesbrough Station. Northern Rail (often referred to simply as Northern) is a Train operating company that has operated local passenger services in the north of England First TransPennine Express is a train operating company in the United Kingdom. Middlesbrough railway station serves the large town of Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the Ceremonial county of North Yorkshire,
Retail and commerce
There is a large and comprehensive shopping district made up of several separate shopping centres, which include 'The Mall Middlesbrough' renamed in 2005 from 'Cleveland Shopping Centre,' which has undergone a major refurbishment. A shopping mall or shopping centre is a building or set of buildings that contain Retail units with interconnecting Walkways enabling visitors 'Dundas Street Shopping' renamed in 2005 from 'Dundas Shopping Arcade,' 'Hill Street Shopping Centre' and 'Captain Cook Square. ' Linthorpe Road is home to several independent and national fashion shops. One of these, Psyche, regularly claims accolades over the likes of the Selfridges, Harvey Nichols & Liberty stores in London. Selfridges is a chain of Department stores in the United Kingdom. Harvey Nichols ("Harvey Nicks" founded in 1813 is an Upmarket Department store chain Liberty is a well known store in Great Marlborough Street in central London, England at the heart of the West End shopping district London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. A recent four-part BBC documentary was made about the store, which highlighted how seriously Teessiders take fashion.
Culture and leisure
Long-awaited flagship art gallery project, the Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art opened its doors in January 2007. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East It currently holds the second largest collection of Picassos in the United Kingdom. Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Martyr Patricio Clito Ruíz y Picasso (October 25 1881 &ndash April 8 1973 It also holds works of art by Andy Warhol, Henri Matisse and Damien Hirst among others. For the song by David Bowie, see Andy Warhol (song. Andrew Warhola (August 6 1928 &ndash February 22 1987 known as Andy Warhol Henri Matisse (31 December 1869 – 3 November 1954 was a French Artist, known for his use of Colour and his fluid brilliant and original draughtsmanship Damien Hirst (born 7 June 1965 is an English artist and the most prominent of the group that has been dubbed " Young British Artists " (or YBAs Its considerable arts and crafts collections span from 1900 to the present day. Surrounding it is the town's overhauled Victoria Square and Central Gardens, in tandem producing "the largest civic space in Europe". 1
Middlesbrough can have two major recreational park spaces in Albert Park and Stewart Park, Marton. Albert Park is an open access free public park located in Middlesbrough, in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, Stewart Park is in Marton near Middlesbrough, England. The site of the cottage where Captain James Cook was born can be found in the park The former, originally touted as 'The People's Park' was donated to the town by Bolckow in 1866. It was formally opened by Prince Arthur, youngest son of the monarch, on 11 August 1868 and comprises a 30 hectare (70 acre) site accessible from Linthorpe Road. Prince Arthur may refer to Arthur Prince of Wales (1486–1502 eldest son Henry VII of England Prince Arthur Duke of Connaught (1850–1942 Events 2492 BC - Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founder of the Armenian nation Year 1868 ( MDCCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap The park underwent a considerable period of restoration from 2001 to 2004, during which a number of the Park's most vaunted landmarks, including a fountain, bandstand and sundial saw either restoration or revival. A traditional fountain is an arrangement where water issues from a source ( Latin fons) fills a basin of some kind and is drained away A sundial is a device that measures time by the position of the Sun. Alongside these two parks are two of the town's premier cultural attractions, the century-old Dorman Memorial Museum and the Captain Cook Birthplace Museum respectively. Dorman Museum is a general Museum located in Linthorpe within the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire Captain Cook Birthplace Museum is a free-entry public Museum located in Stewart Park in Marton, Middlesbrough within the borough of Middlesbrough In close vicinity to the latter can be found a granite urn marking the supposed spot of the famous explorer's birthplace.
Newham Grange Leisure farm in Coulby Newham, one of the most southerly districts of the town, has operated continuously in this spot since the 17th century, becoming a leisure farm with the first residential development of the suburb in the 1970s. Newham Grange Leisure Farm is a farm park and conservation centre located in Coulby Newham, Middlesbrough in the borough of Middlesbrough and the ceremonial Now a burgeoning tourist attraction, the chance to view its various cattle, pigs, sheep and other perennial farm animals is complimented by exhibitions of the farming history of the area.
Back in the 'Old Town' or St Hilda's, is the Transporter Bridge Visitor Centre, opened in 2000 and offering its own exhibitions charting the high-octane past of the heart of the surrounding industrial powerhouse, as well as that of the singular structure it commemorates.
Education
Middlesbrough became a university town in 1992, after a concerted campaign for a distinct 'University of Teesside' which had ran since the 1960s. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects The University of Teesside, based in Middlesbrough, UK, has a student body of 22387 students as of 2007 Prior to its establishment, extramural classes had been provided by the University of Leeds Adult Education Centre on Harrow Road, from 1958 to 2001. The University of Leeds is a major teaching and research University in Leeds, West Yorkshire; one of the largest in the United Kingdom with Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults [10] The University of Teesside has more than 20,000 students. It dates back to 1930 as Constantine Technical College (although teaching formalities had began in the then-new building as early as September 1929). Current departments of the University include Teesside Business School as well as the Schools of Arts and Media, Computing, Health and Social Care, Science & Technology and Social Sciences & Law. The University is internationally recognised as a leading institute for computer animation and games design and along with Arc arts centre at Stockton-on-Tees, Cineworld cinema in Middlesbrough, and the Riverside Stadium, hosts the annual Animex International Festival of Animation. Computer-generated imagery Computer animation is the art of creating moving images with the use of Computers It is a subfield of Computer graphics An art center or arts centre is distinct from an Art gallery or Art museum. Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. Cineworld Cinemas is a multiplex cinema chain in the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and Jersey. The Riverside Stadium is a football stadium in Middlesbrough, England, which has been the home of Middlesbrough F The Animex International Festival of Animation and Computer Games takes place every year in Middlesbrough in the North East of England.
The University is not alone in providing further and higher education in the town. Further education (often abbreviated "FE" is Post-secondary Education (in addition to that received at Secondary school) that is distinct from Higher education is Education that is provided by universities, vocational universities, Community colleges Liberal arts colleges There are also a number of modern schools, colleges and sixth forms, the largest of which is Middlesbrough College with 16,000 students, which covers the four campuses of Acklam, Kirby, Marton and Longlands, including the one-time Acklam Hall. Middlesbrough College is the largest College, in the Tees Valley comprising of predominantly Further education but also selected Higher education Others include St. David's School in Acklam, Newlands School F. St David's is a secondary school in Middlesbrough, England. The school is based in Acklam, next to rival schools Hall Garth and Kings Manor C. J in Saltersgill and Macmillan Academy on Stockton Road, which was recently declared the best state school in England. State school is an expression used in Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom to distinguish schools provided by the government from privately [11] Two of three campuses of Cleveland College of Art and Design are also based in Middlesbrough, with its primary site on Green Lane having been officially opened in 1960. Cleveland College of Art & Design is a further and Higher education Art and Design college based in the North East of England It remains one of only four Further Education sector specialist art and design colleges in the United Kingdom (the others being at Herefordshire, Leeds and Plymouth), and the only such college remaining in the North-East. Hereford College of Arts (formerly Herefordshire College of Art and Design is an Art school based in the English West Midlands, on the cusp of the Anglo Leeds College of Art and Design is a specialist arts further and Higher education institution based in the city of Leeds in northern England Plymouth College of Art and Design was originally founded as an Art School in the 19th century and is now one of only four remaining specialist art colleges in the United Kingdom
The £17 million Unity City Academy which replaced the Langbaurgh and Keldholme schools in east Middlesbrough was one of the first schools to open as part of the government's £5 billion City Academy programme for failing comprehensives. In 2005 an unusually large proportion of pupils gained no GCSEs and only 14% of pupils gained 5 A*-C grades, compared with a national average of 51%. [12] However in 2006 the school has had a new management in place and achieved pass rates of 33%. [13]
Religion
Middlesbrough is a deanery of the Archdeaconry of Cleveland, a subdivision of the Church of England Diocese of York in the Province of York. Opened to traffic on 28 February 1934 Deanery is an ecclesiastical entity in both the Catholic Church and the Church of England. The Archdeaconry of Cleveland is an Archdeaconry, or subdivision of the Church of England Diocese of York in the Province of York. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican The Diocese of York is an administrative division of the Church of England, part of the Province of York. The Province of York is one of two Ecclesiastical provinces making up the Church of England and consists of 14 Dioceses which cover the northern third of It stretches west from Thirsk, north to Middlesbrough, east to Whitby and south to Pickering. Thirsk is a small Market town in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. Whitby is a historic town and Civil parish in the Scarborough district of North Yorkshire on the north-east coast of England. Pickering is an ancient Market town and Civil parish in the Ryedale district of the County of North Yorkshire, England,
Middlesbrough is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Middlesbrough, which was created on 20 December 1878 from the Diocese of Beverley. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Diocese of Beverley is a historical Roman Catholic Diocese founded in 1850 by Pope Pius IX with the restoration of the English Middlesbrough is home to the Mother-Church of the diocese; St. Mary's Cathedral which is located in the suburb Coulby Newham. The Seventh Bishop of Midddlesbrough, Bishop Terence Drainey was ordained on Friday 25th January 2008, following the previous Bishop's resignation. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common
Nightlife
During university term time, Middlesbrough is busy throughout the week with student nights taking place throughout the bars and clubs. During the holidays, the town is especially busy from Thursday to Sunday.
One of the most popular venue is The Empire in the centre of town. Several large bands have played at this venue. The Crown, Basement, Blue, Cornerhouse, Walkabout, Aruba, Onyx, Barracuda and the Arena, now re-opened with a seven o'clock license are also popular. Walkabout is a chain of Australian themed bars operating in the UK. A Cineworld cinema is located at Middlesbrough Leisure Park, as well as a Showcase Cinema in the Middlesbrough part of Teesside Park. Cineworld Cinemas is a multiplex cinema chain in the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and Jersey. Cinemaaustraliajpg|thumb|A movie theater in Australia ]]A movie theater, movie theatre, picture theatre or cinema is a venue Showcase Cinemas is a movie theater chain owned by National Amusements of Dedham Massachusetts, USA. Teesside Park is a retail superstore and leisure development in North East England.
The Rolling Stones, iconic and internationally famous rock-band, played their first gig outside of London on July 13th 1963 at The Outlook, Corporation Rd, Middlesbrough. The present Teesside Combined Law Courts now stand on the site of these premises which were built as a small department store featuring fashion, hair-styling and record sales. The small 'club' was actually a coffee and snack-bar (unlicensed) in the basement. Manchester band, The Hollies appeared the same night. The Hollies are an English Rock and roll band formed in the early 1960s.
Crime
Middlesbrough uses combined installations of CCTV cameras and loudspeakers to reprimand their citizens when they're committing infringements (throwing cigarette butts on the ground, littering etc. Closed-circuit television ( CCTV) is the use of Video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place limited set of monitors ) in public. Middlesbrough was the first place in the UK to install CCTV with loudspeakers which inspired other towns to use this idea. Closed-circuit television ( CCTV) is the use of Video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place limited set of monitors The crime rate in Middlesbrough is nearly twice the UK average and was 4th highest in England in 2007 despite seeing year on year reductions according to the Home Office Crime Statistics.
Politics
Middlesbrough and the surrounding area has two Members of Parliament (MPs): Ashok Kumar and Sir Stuart Bell. Dr Ashok Kumar (born 28 May 1956 Uttar Pradesh, India) is a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom. Sir Stuart Bell (born 16 May 1938) is a British Labour Party politician and Member of Parliament for Middlesbrough. Middlesbrough has been a traditionally safe Labour seat, largely due to its industrial, working class history. The Labour Party is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Founded at the start of the 20th century it has been since the 1920s the principal party of the Working class is a term used in academic Sociology and in ordinary conversation to describe depending on context and speaker those employed in specific fields or types The Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland seat is also Labour but incorporates surrounding towns including Guisborough and Saltburn and is a more marginal seat and a Conservative target (having held the Langbaurgh predecessor seat until 1997). Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland is a Constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Guisborough ( IPA /ˈgizbrə/ is a Market town within the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire Saltburn-by-the-Sea is a Seaside resort in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England The Conservative Party (officially the Conservative and Unionist Party) is a Political party in the United Kingdom. Langbaurgh was a parliamentary constituency in the Langbaurgh area of North East England.
Middlesbrough was selected to have a directly elected mayor as head of the council. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government The current mayor is Ray Mallon (independent), a former senior, and somewhat controversial, figure in the local police force. Ray Mallon (b 1955 in Thornaby-on-Tees) is the directly-elected Mayor of Middlesbrough in England. Mallon was re-elected for a second term in office in the May 2007 local and mayoral elections.
Future developments
As part of its £1. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East 5 billion investment programme, Tees Valley Regeneration has started work on reclaiming Middlesbrough Docklands with the £500 million Middlehaven scheme to bring new business and homes to a 250 acre (1 km²) area. The acre is a unit of Area in a number of different systems including the imperial and U The first phase around the former docklands has already begun and is visible from the Riverside Stadium. The Riverside Stadium is a football stadium in Middlesbrough, England, which has been the home of Middlesbrough F The master plan drawn up by Will Alsop in 2004, includes proposals for the relocation of Middlesbrough College, the building of a virtual reality centre by the University of Teesside (part of the DigitalCity development), in addition to numerous offices, hotels, bars, restaurants and leisure attractions. Will (William Alsop (born 12 December 1947) is a British Architect based in London. Middlesbrough College is the largest College, in the Tees Valley comprising of predominantly Further education but also selected Higher education The University of Teesside, based in Middlesbrough, UK, has a student body of 22387 students as of 2007 Tees Valley Regeneration now has a shortlist of five developers seeking to build at Middlehaven, the list includes some of the most prestigious and groundbreaking names in development and regeneration, and a decision on the chosen developer is due to be made in the next few months.
The Stockton-Middlesbrough Initiative is a 20 year vision for regenerating the urban core of the Tees Valley, the main focus being the area of 30 km² along the banks of the River Tees between the two centres of Stockton and Middlesbrough. The Tees Valley is an area in the North East of England. It can be described as "greater Teesside " and consists of the four unitary authorities The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. The master plan has been drawn up by environmental design specialists Gillespies, the eventual aim being to create a distinctive high-quality city of over 360,000 citizens at the heart of the Tees Valley, by connecting both Middlesbrough and Stockton along the Tees corridor. Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles The project will include not only the existing developments at Middlehaven and North Shore Stockton, but many others over a 15-20 year period. Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in North East England. It is the major settlement in the unitary authority area and Borough of Stockton-on-Tees.
Private local developers have recently announced plans to build a 360-foot (110 m) tower on the site of the old Odeon Cinema (more recently a nightclub) which collapsed in July 2006. Odeon Cinemas is the largest chain of cinemas in Europe It is owned by Terra Firma Capital Partners. The site is in central Middlesbrough at the eastern end of Newport Road and was proposed to be the tallest building in the North East, surpassing the existing record already held by Middlesbrough's own Centre North East building - although the plan was later, as of 2007, downscaled. Centre North East, formerly Corporation House as of its construction in 1974 is at 19 storeys and 70 The new development will be the first of such skyscrapers proposed in Middlesbrough with two more visioned for Middlehaven. The second one on the Middlehaven site is the most unlikely but still being considered and could see either an American or Dubai based company to build a skyscraper 750-900 feet in height, showing Middlesbrough is progressing into the future and is a growing centre for commerce and development. The idea for such skyscrapers is the result of limited land area in Middlesbrough. A skyscraper is a tall continuously habitable Building. There is no official definition or a precise cutoff height above which a building may clearly be classified as a skyscraper Instead of building outwards and subsequently having to apply for boundary extension, it makes sense to build up. It sees Middlesbrough a participant in the "skyscraper boom" currently hitting the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located
Middlesbrough, along with other towns and cities in the UK, will be granted a licence to build a new large casino. Manchester won the bid to host the 'Super Casino'. A Regional Casino, more commonly known as a Super Casino (or occasionally known as Mega Casino or variants is the term given to the largest category of Casino [14]
Sport
The Premiership football team, Middlesbrough F.C., owned by local haulage entrepreneur Steve Gibson, is based at the Riverside Stadium by the River Tees, having been a founder member of the FA Premier League in 1992, before moving from its traditional home at Ayresome Park later in the 1990s. The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. Steve Gibson (born 1958 in Middlesbrough, Teesside) is an Entrepreneur and the chairman and owner of Middlesbrough Football Club. The Riverside Stadium is a football stadium in Middlesbrough, England, which has been the home of Middlesbrough F The Tees is a river in Northern England. It rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the Pennines, and flows eastwards for about 85 miles Ayresome Park was a football stadium in the town of Middlesbrough, North East England, and was the home of Middlesbrough F Having endured 128 years without a major trophy, under then manager Steve McClaren, Middlesbrough finally won the Carling Cup on the 29th Feb 2004, beating Bolton Wanderers 2–1 in the final at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff. Stephen "Steve" McClaren (born 3 May 1961 is an English football manager and former player The Football League Cup, commonly known as the League Cup, is an English football competition Bolton Wanderers Football Club is an English professional football club based in Horwich, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater The Millennium Stadium (Stadiwm y Mileniwm is the National stadium of Wales, located in the capital Cardiff. Cardiff ( 'kɑːdɪf) is the Capital and the largest city and county in Wales. [15] The victory also qualified them for another club first: the first of two consecutive European UEFA Cup campaigns. The UEFA Cup is a football competition for European club teams organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA. Middlesbrough Ironopolis F.C. were another professional team in the town but eventually went bankrupt. Middlesbrough Ironopolis Football Club were an English association football club which briefly played in the Football League in the 1890s
In the 2005–2006 season, trying for the UEFA Cup, Middlesbrough was the only North Eastern team represented in European competition, having qualified directly with a record seventh-placed finish in the 2004-2005 FA Premier League. Having beat FC Basel and Steaua Bucureşti 4–3 in previous rounds and come back from 0–3 down in both games, Middlesbrough FC arrived at its first UEFA Cup final. Footballclub Basel 1893, widely known as FC Basel is a Swiss football club based in Basel. FC Steaua Bucureşti is a Romanian professional football club from Ghenceasouth-west Bucharest. The 2006 UEFA Cup Final was a football match that took place at Philips Stadion, Eindhoven, on 10 May 2006. Unfortunately they lost 4-0 at the hands of Sevilla FC at the Philips Stadion on 10 May 2006, although the scoreline was not particularly representative of the game - three of Sevilla's four goals were scored in the last 14 minutes. Sevilla Fútbol Club is a Spanish professional football club that plays in the top-flight Spanish La Liga championship Philips Stadion is the 35000 seater Stadium of football club PSV Eindhoven. Events 1291 - Scottish Nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [16] The efforts of McClaren, though, were recognised in his appointment, to what would prove a short stint in the job, to succeed Sven-Göran Eriksson at the helm of the England national team after that summer's World Cup. Sven-Göran Eriksson ( born February 5 1948 is a Swedish football manager, who is currently the manager of the Mexico national football team. The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th instance of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament [17][18] He was replaced at Middlesbrough by long-serving defender and present manager, Gareth Southgate, in a controversial appointment given his initial lack of the required license to manage in the English Premier League, and therefore to the chagrin of various Football Association officials. Gareth Southgate (born 3 September 1970, England) is a former English football player The Football Association, also known as simply The FA, is the governing body of football in England and the Crown Dependencies of Jersey [19]
Speedway racing was staged at Cleveland Park Stadium from the pioneer days of 1928 until the 1990s. The post-war team, known as The Bears, and for a time, The Teessiders, and the Teesside Tigers operated at all levels. Post-War is the fifth studio album by M Ward. It was released on August 22 2006 by Merge Records. The immediate post war Bears team which operated between 1945 and 1948 was reputed to a victim of its own success. The track operated for amateur speedway in the 1950s before re-opening in the Provincial League of 1961. The track closed for a spell later in the 1960s but returned in as members of the Second Division as The Teessiders. Speedway returned to the Middlesbrough area in 2006 and the team is known as the Redcar Bears. The Redcar Bears are a British Speedway team They currently compete in the Premier League.
Television and filmography
Middlesbrough has featured in many television programmes, including The Fast Show, Steel River Blues, Spender, Play for Today (The Black Stuff; latterly the drama Boys from the Blackstuff) and Auf Wiedersehen, Pet. The Fast Show, known as Brilliant in the US was a BBC comedy sketch show programme that ran for three series from 1994 to 1997 Steel River Blues is a British Television Drama serial first broadcast in September 2004 on ITV. Spender was a BBC television drama set in Newcastle upon Tyne, written by Ian La Frenais and Jimmy Nail, who also starred Play for Today was a British television anthology drama series produced by the BBC and transmitted on BBC1 from 1970 to 1984 Boys from The Blackstuff is a British Television drama series of five episodes originally transmitted from October 10 to November Auf Wiedersehen Pet was a popular British comedy-drama series about a group of seven British migrant construction workers Wayne, Dennis,
Tyne Tees Television used to broadcast its news for the South regions from its studios located in at the base of Corporation House (now Walkabout bar), before moving to its new premises in Billingham. Tyne Tees Television is the ITV television contractor for North East England. Billingham is a Town in the Borough of Stockton on Tees in North East England with a population of 35765 (2006
On December 17, 2007, at about 1 p. Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. m. local time, the American television network NBC broadcast live from the Transporter Bridge, where presenter Ann Curry performed a bungee jump above the river, as part of a fundraising effort for charities such as Save the Children and United Way. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's Ann Curry (born November 19 1956) is an American Television news Journalist and news anchor on NBC's morning television Bungee jumping is an activity that involves jumping from a tall structure while connected to a large elastic cord Save the Children is a leading international organisation helping children in need around the world United Way of America, based in Alexandria Virginia, is a Non-profit organization that works with nearly 1300 local United Way offices throughout the country in Despite advance publicity in the Evening Gazette[20] and the BBC, the occasion did not attract many spectators other than the members of the UK Bungee Club supervising the jump, and the recovery party in a river boat. Despite recent adverse publicity for the town, including a poll conducted by a Channel 4 television programme, Location, Location, Location, making use of criterion questioned by mayor Ray Mallon[21], which listed Middlesbrough as the country's supposed 'worst place to live' in 2007[22], no local politicians attempted to capitalize on the occasion. Channel 4 is a public-service Television and Radio broadcaster in the United Kingdom centred around a television channel of the same name which began Location Location Location is a popular Channel 4 property programme presented by Kirstie Allsopp and Phil Spencer and produced by IWC
Notable residents
The world famous explorer, navigator, and map maker Captain James Cook was born in Marton, which is now a suburb in the south-east of Middlesbrough. Captain James Cook FRS RN ( – 14 February 1779) was an English Explorer, Navigator and
Other famous people from the town include:
- Sports
- Rugby union player Rory Underwood, Alan Old
- Footballers Don Revie, Wilf Mannion, Chris Kamara and Brian Clough
- Current Middlesbrough FC and England national football player Stewart Downing
- Middlesbrough FC Chairman Steve Gibson
- Tottenham Hotspur central defender Jonathan Woodgate
- Cricketer Liam Plunkett, Chris Old
- Olympic swimmer Jack Hatfield and Commonwealth Games swimmer Alyson Jones
- British long jump record holding athlete Chris Tomlinson
- British kickboxing champion Sarah Mohan
- Jacqueline (Jackie) Smith of South Bank, World Champion Free Fall Parachutist and Guinness Book of Records entrant
- The Arts
- Comedians Dave Morris, Bob Mortimer, Roy Chubby Brown and Kevin Connelly
- Musicians Cyril Smith, Chris Rea, Paul Rodgers David Coverdale, Micky Moody, and Vin Garbutt
- Actors Wendy Richard, Thelma Barlow, Christopher Quinten, Elizabeth Carling, Jerry Desmonde and Jamie Parker
- Authors Ernest William Hornung, Graeme Wilson and Richard Milward
- Visual artists Mackenzie Thorpe, Robert Nixon and William Tillyer
- Other Entertainers:
- Magician Paul Daniels
- Hylton Armstrong (Hockey)
- TV Presenter Kirsten O'Brien
- X Factor third place contestants Journey South
Other eminent sons and daughters of Middlesbrough and its environs include Martin Narey, chief executive of Barnardo's, E. W. Hornung, the creator of the gentleman-crook Raffles (who was fluent in three Yorkshire dialects, and Naomi Jacob novelist. The National Maritime Museum (NMM in Greenwich, England is the leading Maritime museum of the United Kingdom and may be the largest museum Greenwich ( ˈɡrɛnɪtʃ GREN-itch /ˈɡrɛnɪdʒ/ GREN-idge or /ˈɡrɪnɪdʒ/ GRIN-idge is a district in south-east London, Rory Underwood MBE (born June 19 1963 in Middlesbrough, England) is a former English Rugby union footballer Alan Gerald Bernard Old (born 23 September 1945) is an English Rugby Union player who had 16 caps for England. Donald George 'Don' Revie, OBE, ( 10 July 1927 - 26 May 1989) was a football player for Leicester City, Wilfred ("Wilf" James Mannion ( 16 May 1918 - 14 April 2000) was an English professional football player Chris Kamara (born 25 December 1957 in Middlesbrough) is a former professional footballer in England. Brian Howard Clough, OBE ( 21 March, 1935 – 20 September, 2004) was a successful footballer and subsequently football Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football Stewart Downing (born 22 July 1984 in Middlesbrough) is an English football player who currently plays for Middlesbrough, and is in the England squad Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. Steve Gibson (born 1958 in Middlesbrough, Teesside) is an Entrepreneur and the chairman and owner of Middlesbrough Football Club. Tottenham Hotspur, ˈtɒʔnəm is an English professional football club which currently plays in the Premier League. Jonathan Simon Woodgate (born 22 January 1980 in Middlesbrough) is an English footballer, who plays as a defender for Premier League side Liam Edward Plunkett (born 6 April 1985 in Middlesbrough) is an English Cricketer who plays for Durham and England. Christopher Middleton Old (born 22 December 1948 in Middlesbrough, Yorkshire) is a former English Cricketer who played in 46 Tests and 32 John Gatenby "Jack" Hatfield ( 15 August 1893 &ndash 30 March 1965) was a competitive Swimmer, who won medals for Great Britain The Commonwealth Games is a multinational Multi-sport event. Held every four years it involves the elite athletes of the Commonwealth of Nations. Dr Alyson Jones (born 1956 is a British GP and former swimming champion The long jump is an Athletics (track and field event in which athletes combine speed strength and agility in an attempt to leap as far from the take-off point as possible Christopher George (Chris Tomlinson (born September 15 1981 in Middlesbrough) is an English Long jumper Chris began competing Guinness World Records, known until 2000 as The Guinness Book of Records (and in previous U Robert "Bob" Renwick Mortimer (born 23 May, 1959 in Middlesbrough, England) is a British Comedian and Actor Roy 'Chubby' Brown (born Royston Vasey on February 3 1945 is an English Stand up comedian known for adult comedy offensive language and outrageous costumes Kevin Connelly was born in Middlesbrough, England. He is an impressionist comedian, and After dinner speaker and is probably most Cyril James Smith OBE (born Middlesbrough, England, August 11, 1909; died London, August 2, 1974 Christopher Anton Rea (born 4 March 1951) is a Singer-songwriter from Middlesbrough England, instantly recognisable for his distinctive Paul Rodgers, (born 17 December 1949 is an English rock singer-songwriter best known for being a member of Free and Bad Company. David Coverdale (born September 22 1951 in Saltburn-by-the-Sea, North Yorkshire) is an English rock vocalist most famous for Micky Moody (born Michael Moody 30 August 1950, Middlesbrough, Yorkshire, England) is an English Guitarist, Vin Garbutt (born Vincent Paul Garbutt 20 November 1947, in South Bank Middlesbrough) though second generation Irish, is an Wendy Richard MBE (born Wendy Emerton on 20 July 1943) is an English actress best known for playing Miss Brahms Thelma Barlow (born 19 June 1929) is an English Television actress and Writer, most famous for her roles as Mavis Christopher Quinten (born Christopher Bell on July 12, 1957 in Middlesbrough, Yorkshire) is Elizabeth Carling (born 20 October 1967 in Middlesbrough, Teesside) is an English actress best known for her performances Jerry Desmonde ( July 20, 1908 - February 11, 1967 Suicide) was an English stage musical film and television actor Jamie Parker (born in 1979) is an English Actor. He has performed on stage film television and radio Ernest William Hornung (June 7 1866 &ndash March 22 1921 known as Willie, was an English author most famous for writing the Raffles series of novels about a Richard Milward is an English writer born in Middlesbrough in 1984 Mackenzie Thorpe (born 1956 in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire) is a British Artist. Robert Nixon ( 7 July 1939 - 22 October 2002) was an artist who worked on several British comics. William Tillyer (born 1938 in Middlesbrough) is an English artist Paul Daniels (born Newton Edward Daniels on 6 April 1938 is a British magician and television performer Kirsten O'Brien (born 23 February 1972 in Middlesbrough) is an English television presenter For versions in other countries see The X Factor (TV series. The X Factor is a British Television Journey South are a musical duo originating from Middlesbrough, England, consisting of brothers Carl and Andy Pemberton Martin Narey (born 1955 in Middlesbrough) is the CEO of Barnardo's. Ernest William Hornung (June 7 1866 &ndash March 22 1921 known as Willie, was an English author most famous for writing the Raffles series of novels about a Naomi Eleanor Clare Jacob ( July 1, 1884 in Ripon, North Yorkshire, England - August 27, 1964 in Sirmione Florence Easton, the Wagnerian soprano at the New York Met and Cyril Smith, the concert pianist, were also natives. WikipediaWikiProject Opera#Infoboxes --> For the Victorian era British Operatic Soprano of the same Cyril James Smith OBE (born Middlesbrough, England, August 11, 1909; died London, August 2, 1974 The famous M. P. Ellen Wilkinson wrote a novel Clash (1929) which paints a very positive picture of ‘Shireport’ (Middlesbrough). Ellen Cicely Wilkinson ( October 8, 1891 &ndash February 6, 1947) was the Labour Member of Parliament for Middlesbrough Florence Olliffe Bell's classic study At The Works (1907) gives a striking picture of the area at the turn-of-the-century. Turn of the Century is a Novel by Kurt Andersen It was published in 1999 by Random House. She also edited the letters of her stepdaughter Gertrude Bell which have been continuously in print since 1927. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE ( July 14, 1868 – July 12, 1926) was a British writer traveller political analyst Pat Barker's debut novel Union Street was set on the thoroughfare of the same name in the town, its central theme of prostitution still associated with the area around it to this day. Pat Barker (born May 8, 1943) is an English Writer and Historian. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money.
Ford Madox Ford was billeted in Eston during the Great War (1914-18) and his great novel sequence Parade's End is partly set in Busby Hall, Carlton-in-Cleveland. Ford Madox Ford ( December 17, 1873 &ndash June 26, 1939) was an English Novelist, Poet, Critic See also Eston guitars Eston is a town within the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Carlton-in-Cleveland is a village and Civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England, on the edge of the North York
Adrian 'Six Medals' Warburton, air photographer, was played by Alec Guinness in 'Malta Story'. Wing Commander Adrian "Warby" Warburton (10 March 1918 in Middlesbrough - 12 April 1944 over Germany) was a Royal Air Force (RAF Sir Alec Guinness, CH, CBE (2 April 1914 &ndash 5 August 2000 was an English Actor. Malta Story is a 1953 black and white War film based on the heroic defence of Malta, the island itself its people and the RAF
Image gallery
 The Bottle of Notes sculpture by |
 Teesside Crown Court, Middlesbrough |
 40,000 Years of Modern Art, at Middlehaven by |
 The mima circa 2007 |
Twin Towns
Middlesbrough is twinned with the following cities
Dunkirk, France, since April 12, 1976
Oberhausen, Germany, since 1974
Masvingo, Zimbabwe, since 1990
- formerly twinned with Pyongyang in 1966. Claes Oldenburg (born January 28, 1929) is a sculptor, best known for his Public art installations typically featuring very large replicas of Benedict (Ben Carpenter is a British Sculptor and artist based in the West Midlands. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East Dunkirk ( French: Dunkerque, dœ̃kɛʀk or; Dutch:; is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Oberhausen (ˈoːbɐhaʊzən is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Masvingo is a town in south-eastern Zimbabwe and the capital of Masvingo Province. See also Great Zimbabwe National Monument. For information about the March and June 2008 presidential elections see Zimbabwean presidential election Pyongyang (pʰjʌŋjaŋ is the Capital and largest City of North Korea, located on the Taedong River, at.
See also
References
- ^ 2001 ONS Urban sub-area
- ^ PD Ports plc. Middlesbrough Music Live or MML is an annual music festival in England held across multiple stages in Middlesbrough town centre The A66 is a major road in northern England which in part follows the course of the Roman road from Scotch Corner to Penrith. Middlesbrough Football Club, also known as The Boro are an English football club based in Middlesbrough, who play in the Premier League. Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art, or mima, is a contemporary Art gallery based in the centre of Middlesbrough, in the North East Retrieved on 2006-05-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople
- ^ Location of Durham Tees Valley Airport. Retrieved on 2006-05-11. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 330 - Byzantium is renamed ''Nova Roma'' during a dedication ceremony but is more popularly referred to as Constantinople
- ^ Youngs, Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Volume 2
- ^ Regional health gap 'is 30 years'. Retrieved on 2007-09-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1000 - Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. 1379 - Treaty of Neuberg, splitting the Austrian
- ^ Moorsom, Norman (1983). Middlesbrough as it was. Hendon Publishing Co. Ltd. .
- ^ Stainsby Medieval Village. Tees Archaeology. Retrieved on 2007-12-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor.
- ^ John Vaughan (Middlesbrough)
- ^ Chohan, Araf (1996). John Vaughan was born in Worcester, he worked as a foreman at Dowlais Ironworks in South Wales Britain in Old Photographs: Middlesbrough. Sutton Publishing Limited.
- ^ Chase, Malcolm (Spring 2007). "Leeds in Linthorpe". Cleveland History, Bulletin of the Cleveland and Teesside Local History Society (92): 5.
- ^ Macmillan Academy is the best state school in the land. Macmillan Academy. Retrieved on 2006-02-08. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 421 - Constantius III becomes co- Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
- ^ Academy fails another inspection. BBC News. Retrieved on 2006-05-14. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1264 - Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured in France making Simon de Montfort the
- ^ Academy nearly doubles pass rates. BBC News. Retrieved on 2007-01-03. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon.
- ^ BBC News, Manchester Wins Super-Casino Race, 30 January 2007
- ^ "Boro lift Carling Cup", BBC Sport, 2004-02-29. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Leap years Although the modern calendar counts a year as 365 days a complete revolution around the sun takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours Retrieved on 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
- ^ Sevilla end 58-year wait. uefa. com. Retrieved on 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
- ^ "McClaren named as England manager", BBC Sport, 2006-05-04. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1256 - The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV Retrieved on 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
- ^ "McClaren sacked as England coach", BBC Sport, 2007-11-22. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 498 - Kofi Aseidu- After the death of Anastasius II, Symmachus is elected Pope in the Lateran Retrieved on 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
- ^ "Southgate appointed as Boro boss", BBC Sport, 2006-06-07. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Retrieved on 2008-01-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 366 - The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine River in large numbers invading the Roman Empire.
- ^ "US Presenter plans bungee jump" in the Evening Gazette.
- ^ "Mallon wants apology from Channel 4" in the Evening Gazette.
- ^ "Middlesbrough Is Worst Place To Live", Sky News, BSkyB, 2007-10-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 533 - Byzantine General Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Retrieved on 2007-10-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1740 - Maria Theresa takes the throne of Austria. France, Prussia, Bavaria and Saxony
External links
- Middlesbrough travel guide from Wikitravel
- "At the works, a study of a manufacturing town (Middlesbrough, Yorkshire)" by Florence Bell, 1907
- "Pioneers of the Cleveland iron trade" by J. S. Jeans 1875
- Official Middlesbrough Council Website
- Visitmiddlesbrough - the official visitor and leisure guide for Middlesbrough.
- This is Middlesbrough - Community Guide
- BBC Tees - the latest local news, sport, entertainment, features, faith, travel and weather.
- Statistics about Middlesbrough from the Office for National Statistics Census 2001
- Genuki - History of Eston parish & District Descriptions from Bulmer's History and Directory of North Yorkshire (1890), retrieved 8 February 2006
- "How Boro will lose its "crap town" image" - Stephen Bayley, the Observer
- "Introducing mima - Middlesbrough's Moma" - Ian Herbert, the Independent
- "Mima - painting a pretty picture" - Channel 4 News
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