Michael Crichton
Born	October 23, 1942 (1942-10-23) (age 65)
Pen name	John Lange Jeffery Hudson
Occupation	author, film producer, film director, television producer
Nationality	United States
Genres	Action Science fiction Techno-thriller
Michael Crichton Official website http://www.michaelcrichton.com Michael Crichton

John Michael Crichton, pronounced /ˈkraɪtən/ ^[1], (born October 23, 1942) is an American author, film producer, film director, medical doctor and television producer best known for his techno-thriller novels, films and television programs. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a Pseudonym adopted by an Author or their publishers to conceal their identity Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created A film producer is a person who creates the conditions for making movies. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. The primary role of a television producer is to control all aspects of production ranging from show idea development and cast hiring to shoot supervision and fact-checking Nationality is a relationship between a Person and their State of Origin, Culture, association Affiliation and/or Loyalty The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A literary genre is a category of literary composition Genres may be determined by Literary technique, tone, Content, or even (as in the case of fiction The action genre is a class of creative works characterised by a greater emphasis on exciting action sequences than on character development or story-telling Techno-thrillers (or technothrillers) are a hybrid genre drawing subject matter generally from spy thrillers War novels and Science fiction. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created A film producer is a person who creates the conditions for making movies. A film director, or filmmaker, is a person who directs the making of a Film. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health The primary role of a television producer is to control all aspects of production ranging from show idea development and cast hiring to shoot supervision and fact-checking Techno-thrillers (or technothrillers) are a hybrid genre drawing subject matter generally from spy thrillers War novels and Science fiction. A television program (US television programme (UK or television show (U His books have sold over 150 million copies worldwide. His works are usually based on the action genre and heavily feature technology. The action genre is a class of creative works characterised by a greater emphasis on exciting action sequences than on character development or story-telling A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set Technology is a broad concept that deals with a Species ' usage and knowledge of Tools and Crafts and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings, reflecting his medical training and science background. This article focuses on future histories in general For Robert A Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding

Contents 1 Biography 2 Literary techniques 3 Fiction 4 Non-fiction 5 Movies and television 6 Computer games 7 Awards 8 Speeches 8.1 "Aliens Cause Global Warming" 8.2 Environmentalism as a religion 8.3 Widespread speculation in the media 8.4 Role of science in environmental policy-making 9 Criticism 9.1 Next controversy 10 See also 11 References 11.1 Notes 11.2 Bibliography 12 External links

Biography

Crichton was born in Chicago,^[2] Illinois, to John Henderson Crichton and Zula Miller Crichton, and raised in Roslyn, Long Island, New York. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Roslyn (/ROHZ-lin/ is a Village in Nassau County, New York on the North Shore of Long Island. Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, USA, its western shores directly across from Manhattan, from which the island stretches New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous ^[1] Crichton has two sisters, Kimberly and Catherine, and a younger brother, Douglas.

He attended Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts, as an undergraduate, graduating summa cum laude in 1964. Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, a Private university in the United States founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts Cambridge Massachusetts is a City in the Greater Boston area of Massachusetts, United States. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. In some Educational systems undergraduate education is Post-secondary education up to the level of a Bachelor's degree. ^[3] Crichton was also initiated into the Phi Beta Kappa Society. The Phi Beta Kappa Society is an academic Honor society with the mission of "fostering and recognizing excellence" in the Undergraduate Liberal arts He went on to become the Henry Russell Shaw Traveling Fellow from 1964 to 1965 and Visiting Lecturer in Anthropology at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom in 1965. Anthropology (/ˌænθɹəˈpɒlədʒi/ from Greek grc ἄνθρωπος anthrōpos, "human" -λογία -logia) is the study of The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located He graduated from Harvard Medical School, obtaining an M.D. in 1969, and did post-doctoral fellowship study at the Jonas Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, from 1969 to 1970. Harvard Medical School ( HMS) is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University and currently the #1 medical school in America as ranked by U Doctor of Medicine ( MD or MD, from the Latin Medicinæ Doctor meaning "Teacher of Medicine" is a doctoral Jonas Edward Salk ( October 28 1914 &ndash June 23, 1995) was an American Biologist and Physician best Salk Institute2jpg|thumb|right|200px|Salk Institute]]The Salk Institute for Biological Studies is an independent non-profit scientific research institute located in La Jolla California La Jolla (ləˈhɔɪə "luh-HOY-uh") is a wealthy Seaside resort community of up to 42808 residents within the city of San Diego, California California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. In 1988, he was Visiting Writer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. While in medical school, he wrote novels under the pen names John Lange and Jeffery Hudson. A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a Pseudonym adopted by an Author or their publishers to conceal their identity A Case of Need, written under the latter pseudonym, won the 1969 Edgar Award for Best Novel. A Case of Need is a mystery novel written by Michael Crichton under the pseudonym Jeffery Hudson. The Edgar Allan Poe Awards (popularly called the Edgars) named after Edgar Allan Poe, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America. He also co-authored Dealing with his younger brother Douglas under the shared pen name Michael Douglas. The back cover of that book contains a picture of Michael and Douglas at a very young age taken by their mother.

His two pen names were both created to reflect his above-average height. According to his own words, he was about 2. 06 meters (6 feet 9 inches) tall in 1997. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Inches redirects here To see the Les Savy Fav album see Inches. ^[4] Lange is a familyname in Germany, meaning "tall one" and Sir Jeffrey Hudson was a famous 17th century dwarf in the court of Queen Consort Henrietta Maria of England. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Jeffrey Hudson (1619&ndash1682 was a dwarf who belonged to the court of Queen Henrietta Maria of England in the years before King Charles I Dwarfism ( is a medical condition in humans characterized by extreme small size A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. Henrietta Maria ( 25 November 1609 – 10 September 1669) was Princess of France and Queen Consort of England, Scotland England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland

Crichton has admitted to having once, during his undergraduate study, plagiarized a work by George Orwell and submitted it as his own. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950 who used the Pseudonym George Orwell, was an English writer According to Crichton the paper was received by his professor with a mark of "B−". Crichton has claimed that the plagiarism was not intended to defraud the school, but rather as an experiment. Crichton believed that the professor in question had been intentionally giving him abnormally low marks, and so as an experiment Crichton informed another professor of his idea and submitted Orwell's paper as his own work. ^[5]

Crichton has been married five times and divorced four times. He has been married to Suzanna Childs, Joan Radam (1965-1970), Kathy St. Johns (1978-1980) and Anne-Marie Martin, the mother of his only child, daughter Taylor Anne. Anne-Marie Martin (born Edmonda Benton; November 11 1957) is a Canadian actress and writer who is perhaps best known for playing Sgt Crichton is currently married to Sherri Alexander.

Literary techniques

Crichton's works are frequently cautionary in that his plots often portray scientific advancements going awry, commonly resulting in worst-case scenarios. A cautionary tale is a traditional story told in Folklore, to warn its hearer of a Danger. Mythos (Aristotle In literature the plot comprises all the events in a story particularly rendered towards the achievement of some particular Artistic or Emotional A notable recurring theme in Crichton's plots is the pathological failure of complex systems and their safeguards, whether biological ("Jurassic Park"), military/organizational ("The Andromeda Strain") or cybernetic ("Westworld"). A theme, from Old French tesme, is a broad idea in a story or literary work or a message or lesson conveyed by a written text In Mathematics, a pathological phenomenon is one whose properties are considered atypically bad or counterintuitive Failure ( fail, phail or flop) in general refers to the state or Condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective This article describes complex system as a type of system For other meanings see Complex systems. Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Jurassic Park is a Science fiction Novel that was written by Michael Crichton and published in 1990. A military is an Organization authorized by its Nation to use force usually including use of Weapons in defending its Country (or by attacking An organization (or organisation &mdash see spelling differences) is a social arrangement which pursues collective goals which controls its own performance and The Andromeda Strain (1969 by Michael Crichton, is a Techno-thriller Novel documenting the efforts of a team of scientists investigating Cybernetics is the interdisciplinary study of the Structure of Complex systems especially Communication processes control mechanisms and Feedback WestWorld of Scottsdale popularly shortened to WestWorld is a sports and convention complex located in Scottsdale Arizona. This theme of the inevitable breakdown of "perfect" systems and the failure of "fail-safe measures" can be seen strongly in the poster for Westworld (slogan: "Where nothing can possibly go worng . Fail-safe or fail-secure describes a device or feature which in the event of failure, responds in a way that will cause no harm or at least a minimum of harm . " (sic) ) and in the discussion of chaos theory in Jurassic Park. In Mathematics, chaos theory describes the behavior of certain dynamical systems – that is systems whose state evolves with time – that may exhibit dynamics that

Contrary to certain perceptions, Crichton is not anti-technology. Although his works often portray scientists and engineers as arrogant and closed-minded to the potential threat a technology represents, there is always a well-educated author surrogate who states that failures are simply part of the scientific process and one should simply maintain a state of awareness and preparation for their inevitable occurrence. A scientist, in the broadest sense refers to any person that engages in a systematic activity to acquire Knowledge or an individual that engages in such practices An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering. A Closed Mind (or closed-minded) is someone unreceptive to new Ideas or Information. As a Literary technique, an author surrogate is a character who expresses the ideas questions personality and morality of the author

The use of author surrogate has been a feature of Crichton's writings since the beginning of his career. In A Case of Need, one of his pseudonymous whodunit stories, Crichton used first-person narrative to portray the hero, a Bostonian pathologist, who is running against the clock to clear a friend's name from medical malpractice in a girl's death from a hack-job abortion. A Case of Need is a mystery novel written by Michael Crichton under the pseudonym Jeffery Hudson. A whodunit or whodunnit (for "Who done it?" is a complex plot-driven variety of the detective story in which the puzzle is the main feature of interest Pathology (from Greek grc πάθος pathos, "fate harm" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study and Medical malpractice is professional negligence by act or omission by a Health care provider in which care provided deviates from accepted standards of practice An

That book was written in 1968, nearly five years before the Supreme Court's landmark decision that legalized abortion nationwide in the United States, Roe v. Wade (1973). The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. A landmark decision is the outcome of a legal case (often thus referred to as a landmark case) that establishes a Precedent that either substantially changes the interpretation Legalization is the process of removing a legal prohibition against something which is currently not legal The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Roe v Wade, 410 US 113 (1973 is a controversial United States Supreme Court case that resulted in a Landmark decision regarding It took the hero about 160 pages to find the chief suspect, an underground abortionist, who was created to be the author surrogate. In the Parlance of Criminal justice, a suspect is a known person suspected of committing a Crime. Then, Crichton gave that character three pages to justify his illegal practice.

Some of Crichton's fiction uses a literary technique called false document. A literary technique or literary device is an identifiable Rule of thumb, convention or Structure that is employed in Literature A false document is a form of Verisimilitude that attempts to create a sense of authenticity beyond the normal and expected Suspension of disbelief for a Work For example, Eaters of the Dead is a fabricated recreation of the Old English epic Beowulf in the form of a scholarly translation of Ahmad ibn Fadlan's 10th century manuscript. Eaters of the Dead The Manuscript of Ibn Fadlan Relating His Experiences with the Northmen in A Beowulf is an Old English Heroic epic poem of anonymous authorship dating as recorded in the Nowell Codex manuscript from between Ahmad Ibn Fadlān ibn al-Abbās ibn Rašīd ibn Hammād (أحمد بن فضلان بن العباس بن رشيد بن حماد was a 10th century Arab Muslim A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way Other novels, such as The Andromeda Strain and Jurassic Park, incorporate fictionalized scientific documents in the form of diagrams, computer output, DNA sequences, footnotes and bibliography. The Andromeda Strain (1969 by Michael Crichton, is a Techno-thriller Novel documenting the efforts of a team of scientists investigating Jurassic Park is a Science fiction Novel that was written by Michael Crichton and published in 1990. A diagram is a 2D geometric symbolic Representation of Information according to some Visualization technique A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA) is a Nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known A DNA sequence or genetic sequence is a succession of letters representing the Primary structure of a real or hypothetical DNA Molecule A footnote (or bootnote) is a note of text placed at the bottom of a page in a book or document Bibliography (from Greek grc βιβλιογραφία bibliographia, literally "book writing" as a practice is the academic study of Books However, some of his novels actually include authentic published scientific works to illustrate his point, as can be seen in The Terminal Man and the more recent State of Fear. The Terminal Man is a novel by Michael Crichton about the dangers of Mind control. State of Fear is a 2004 "message" novel by Michael Crichton published by HarperCollins on December 7, 2004

Fiction

Year	Title	Notes
1966	Odds On	as John Lange
1967	Scratch One	as John Lange
1968	Easy Go	as John Lange
	A Case of Need	as Jeffery Hudson though later re-released in Crichton's name
1969	The Andromeda Strain
	The Venom Business	as John Lange
	Zero Cool	as John Lange
1970	Grave Descend	as John Lange
	Drug of Choice	as John Lange
	Dealing: Or the Berkeley-to-Boston Forty-Brick Lost-Bag Blues	co-written with brother Douglas Crichton; published as Michael Douglas
1972	The Terminal Man
	Binary	as John Lange
1975	The Great Train Robbery
1976	Eaters of the Dead
1980	Congo
1987	Sphere
1990	Jurassic Park
1992	Rising Sun
1994	Disclosure
1995	The Lost World
1996	Airframe
1999	Timeline
2002	Prey
2004	State of Fear
2006	Next

Non-fiction

Apart from fiction, Crichton has written several other books based on scientific themes, amongst which is Travels, which also contains autobiographical episodes. Odds On is Michael Crichton 's first published novel It was released in 1966 under the pseudonym of John Lange Scratch One is Michael Crichton 's second novel ever published Easy Go is Michael Crichton 's third published novel It was released in 1968 under the pseudonym of John Lange A Case of Need is a mystery novel written by Michael Crichton under the pseudonym Jeffery Hudson. The Andromeda Strain (1969 by Michael Crichton, is a Techno-thriller Novel documenting the efforts of a team of scientists investigating The Venom Business is Michael Crichton 's fifth published novel Zero Cool is Michael Crichton 's sixth published novel It was released in 1969 under the pseudonym of John Lange The Terminal Man is a novel by Michael Crichton about the dangers of Mind control. Binary is a Techno-thriller Novel written by Michael Crichton in 1972. The Great Train Robbery is a bestselling 1975 Historical fiction novel written by Michael Crichton. Eaters of the Dead The Manuscript of Ibn Fadlan Relating His Experiences with the Northmen in A Congo is a 1980 Novel by American writer Michael Crichton. The novel centers on an expedition searching for Diamonds in the dense Sphere is a Science fiction novel written by Michael Crichton and published in 1987. Jurassic Park is a Science fiction Novel that was written by Michael Crichton and published in 1990. Rising Sun is a 1992 internationally best-selling Novel by Michael Crichton about a Murder in the Los Angeles headquarters of Disclosure is a novel by Michael Crichton, released in 1994. The novel is set in a fictional high tech company just before the beginning of the dot-com The Lost World is a Techno-thriller Novel that was written by Michael Crichton and published in 1995 by Ballantine Books Airframe is a novel by Michael Crichton, first published in hardback edition in 1996 and as a paperback edition in 1997 by Ballantine Timeline is a Science fiction novel by Michael Crichton that was published in November 1999. For other uses of the word Prey see Prey (disambiguation Prey is a Techno-thriller Novel by Michael Crichton State of Fear is a 2004 "message" novel by Michael Crichton published by HarperCollins on December 7, 2004 Next is a 2006 Techno-thriller novel by Michael Crichton. Next takes place in the present world where both the Government Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding An autobiography, from the Greek αὐτός autos "self" βίος bios "life" and γράφειν graphein "to write"

As a personal friend to the artist Jasper Johns, Crichton compiled many of his works in a coffee table book also named Jasper Johns. Jasper Johns Jr (born May 15, 1930 in Augusta Georgia) is a contemporary American artist who primarily works in painting and Printmaking A coffee table book is a Hardcover Book that is intended to sit on a Coffee table or similar surface in an area where guests sit and are entertained thus That book has been updated once.

Crichton is also the author of Electronic Life, a book that introduces BASIC programming to its readers. In Computer programming, BASIC (an Acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of High-level programming languages In his words, being able to program a computer is liberation:

In my experience, you assert control over a computer—show it who's the boss—by making it do something unique. That means programming it. . . . [I]f you devote a couple of hours to programming a new machine, you'll feel better about it ever afterward. ^[6]

To prove his point, Crichton included many self-written demonstrative Applesoft (for Apple II) and BASICA (for IBM PC compatibles) programs in that book. Applesoft BASIC was a dialect of BASIC supplied on the Apple II computer superseding Integer BASIC. Microsoft BASICA (short for "Advanced BASIC" is a simple disk-based BASIC interpreter written by Microsoft for PC-DOS Crichton once considered updating it, but the project seems to be canceled.

His non-fiction works are:

Year	Title
1970	Five Patients
1977	Jasper Johns
1983	Electronic Life
1988	Travels

Movies and television

Crichton has written and directed several motion pictures:

Year	Title	Notes
1972	Pursuit	A TV movie
1973	Westworld
1978	Coma
1979	The Great Train Robbery	Directed/ wrote screenplay
1981	Looker
1984	Runaway
1989	Physical Evidence
1993	Jurassic Park	co-wrote screenplay
1994	ER	Creator/Writer/Executive Producer
1996	Twister	co-wrote screenplay

Pursuit is a TV movie written and directed by Crichton that is based on his novel Binary. Five Patients is a Non-fiction book by Michael Crichton that recounts his experiences of Hospital practices in the late 1960s at Massachusetts Electronic Life is a 1983 Nonfiction book by Michael Crichton, an author better known for his novels WestWorld of Scottsdale popularly shortened to WestWorld is a sports and convention complex located in Scottsdale Arizona. Coma is a 1978 Suspense film based on the novel Coma by Robin Cook. Looker is a 1981 Science fiction Film. It stars Albert Finney, Susan Dey and James Coburn and was written Runaway is a 1984 Science fiction Action film starring Tom Selleck, Gene Simmons and Cynthia Rhodes. Jurassic Park is a Science fiction Novel that was written by Michael Crichton and published in 1990. ER is an Emmy Award -winning American Medical drama series created by Novelist Michael Crichton and airing on Twister is a 1996 Disaster film starring Helen Hunt and Bill Paxton as storm chasers researching Tornadoes

Westworld was the first feature film that used 2D computer-generated imagery (CGI) and the first use of 3D CGI was in its sequel, Futureworld (1976), which featured a computer-generated hand and face created by then University of Utah graduate students Edwin Catmull and Fred Parke. Computer animation Computer-generated imagery (also known as CGI) is the application of the field of Computer graphics or more specifically 3D computer graphics Futureworld is a 1976 sequel to the 1973 Science fiction film Westworld. The University of Utah (referred to locally as ' The U' or ' the U of U') is a publicly funded Research university in Salt Lake Edwin Catmull, PhD (born 1945 in Parkersburg, West Virginia) is an Academy Award winning Computer scientist and current president of Walt

Crichton directed the film Coma, adapted from a Robin Cook novel. Coma is a 1978 Suspense film based on the novel Coma by Robin Cook. Dr Robin Cook (born May 4, 1940 in New York City, New York) is an American doctor / novelist who writes about Medicine There are other similarities in terms of genre and the fact that both Cook and Crichton are physicians, are of similar age, and write about similar subjects. A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health

Many of his novels have been filmed by others:

Year	Title	Filmmaker/Director
1971	The Andromeda Strain	Robert Wise
1972	Dealing: Or the Berkeley-to-Boston Forty-Brick Lost-Bag Blues	Paul Williams
1972	The Carey Treatment (A Case of Need)	Blake Edwards
1974	The Terminal Man	Mike Hodges
1993	Rising Sun	Philip Kaufman
1993	Jurassic Park	Steven Spielberg
1994	Disclosure	Barry Levinson
1995	Congo	Frank Marshall
1997	The Lost World: Jurassic Park	Steven Spielberg
1998	Sphere	Barry Levinson
1999	The 13th Warrior (Eaters of the Dead)	John McTiernan
2003	Timeline	Richard Donner
2008	The Andromeda Strain (TV miniseries)	Mikael Salomon

He has written the screenplay for the movies Extreme Close Up (1973) and Twister (1996) (the latter co-written with Anne-Marie Martin, his wife at the time). The Andromeda Strain is a 1971 science-fiction film based on the novel published in 1969 by Michael Crichton about Robert Wise ( September 10, 1914 &ndash September 14, 2005) was an American sound effects editor film editor and Academy The Carey Treatment is a 1972 film by Blake Edwards based on the novel A Case of Need credited to Jeffrey Hudson, A Case of Need is a mystery novel written by Michael Crichton under the pseudonym Jeffery Hudson. Blake Edwards (born July 26, 1922) is an Academy Award -winning American Film director, Screenwriter, and producer The Terminal Man is a 1974 film based on the 1972 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton. Mike Hodges (born 29 July 1932 in Bristol England) is an English screenwriter and film director who began his career as a current affairs producer Rising Sun is a 1993 film directed by Philip Kaufman. The film stars Sean Connery (who was also the executive producer Wesley Philip Kaufman (born October 23, 1936) is an American Film director and Screenwriter from Chicago Illinois. Jurassic Park is a 1993 Science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg and based on the novel of the same name by Michael Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. Disclosure is a 1994 thriller directed by Barry Levinson, starring Michael Douglas and Demi Moore. Barry Levinson (born April 6, 1942) is an Academy Award -winning American Screenwriter, Film director, Actor For other films with similar names see Congo. Congo is a 1995 movie, based on Michael Crichton 's 1980 Frank Wilson Marshall (born September 13, 1946) is a four-time Academy Award -nominated American movie producer and The Lost World Jurassic Park (commonly referred to as The Lost World or Jurassic Park 2) is a 1997 American Science Steven Allan Spielberg, KBE (Hon (born December 18 1946 is an American Film director, Screenwriter and producer. Sphere is a 1998 Science fiction / Thriller film, starring Dustin Hoffman, Sharon Stone and Samuel L Barry Levinson (born April 6, 1942) is an Academy Award -winning American Screenwriter, Film director, Actor The 13th Warrior is a 1999 Action film based on Michael Crichton 's Novel Eaters of the Dead, directed by John Campbell McTiernan Jr (born January 8, 1951) is an American Movie director, best known for his action films and most identifiable Timeline is a 2003 Film directed by Richard Donner, director of Lethal Weapon. Richard Donner (born April 24, 1930) is an American Film director, and also a Film producer through the production company The Andromeda Strain is a 2008 science-fiction miniseries based on the novel published in 1969 by Michael Crichton A miniseries (also mini-series) in a serial Storytelling medium is a production which tells a story in a pre-planned limited number of episodes Mikael Salomon (born February 24, 1945) is a Danish director and Cinematographer from Copenhagen, Denmark

Crichton is also the creator and executive producer of the television drama ER. ER is an Emmy Award -winning American Medical drama series created by Novelist Michael Crichton and airing on In December 1994, he achieved the unique distinction of having the #1 movie (Jurassic Park), the #1 TV show (ER), and the #1 book (Disclosure, atop the paperback list). Crichton has written only three episodes of ER:

• Episode 1-1: "24 Hours"
• Episode 1-2: "Day One"
• Episode 1-3: "Going Home"

Computer games

Amazon is a graphical text adventure game created by Michael Crichton and produced by John Wells under Trillium Corp. John Wells may refer to John Wells (architect (Bank of Montréal John Wells (artist (1907–2000 Cornish Amazon was released in the United States in 1984 and it runs on Apple II, Atari ST, Commodore 64, and the DOS systems. Amazon was considered by some to be a breakthrough in the way it updated text adventure games by adding color graphics and music. It sold more than 100,000 copies, making it a significant commercial success at the time.

In 1999, Crichton founded Timeline Computer Entertainment with David Smith. David A Smith may refer to David A Smith (computer scientist (b Despite signing a multi-title publishing deal with Eidos Interactive, only one game was ever published, Timeline. Eidos Interactive is a publisher of video and Computer games with its parent company based in England. Released on 8 December 2000 for the PC, the game received poor reviews and sold poorly. Events 1609 - Biblioteca Ambrosiana opens its reading room the second public library of Europe. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar.

Awards

• Mystery Writers of America's Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Novel, 1969 (A Case of Need; written as Jeffery Hudson)
• Association of American Medical Writers Award, 1970 (Five Patients)
• Mystery Writers of America's Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay, 1980 (The Great Train Robbery)
• The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Journalism Award, 2006 (State of Fear)
• An Emmy
• A Peabody
• A Writers Guild of America
• A dinosaur, Crichtonsaurus bohlini, was named after him in honor of Jurassic Park. Mystery Writers of America is an organization for mystery writers based in New York. The Edgar Allan Poe Awards (popularly called the Edgars) named after Edgar Allan Poe, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America. A Case of Need is a mystery novel written by Michael Crichton under the pseudonym Jeffery Hudson. The First Great Train Robbery is a 1979 Film directed by Michael Crichton, who also wrote the screenplay based on his novel The Great Crichtonsaurus is a Genus of Dinosaur named for Michael Crichton, the author of Jurassic Park. ^[7]
• Crichton was named to the list of the "Fifty Most Beautiful People" by People magazine, 1992

Speeches

"Aliens Cause Global Warming"

In 2003 he gave a controversial lecture at Caltech entitled "Aliens Cause Global Warming"^[8] in which he expressed his views of the danger of "consensus science" — especially with regard to what he regards as popular but disputed theories such as nuclear winter, the dangers of second-hand smoke, and the global warming controversy. People (full name People Weekly) is a weekly American Magazine of Celebrity and human interest stories, published The California Institute of Technology (commonly referred to as Caltech) is a private, Coeducational research university located in Pasadena Nuclear winter is a term that describes the climatic effects of nuclear war. The global warming controversy is a dispute regarding the nature and consequences of Global warming. Crichton has been critical of widespread belief in ETs and UFOs, citing the fact that there is no conclusive proof of their existence. Extraterrestrial life is Life originating outside of the Earth. Crichton stated that "The Drake equation cannot be tested and therefore SETI is not science. The Drake equation (also sometimes called the "Green Bank equation" the "Green Bank Formula" or often erroneously labeled the " Sagan equation" Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence ( SETI) is the collective name for a number of activities to detect intelligent Extraterrestrial life. SETI is unquestionably a religion. " Crichton has commented that belief in purported scientific theories without a factual basis is more akin to faith than science. Faith is a Belief in the trustworthiness of an Idea. Formal usage of the word "faith" is usually reserved for concepts of Religion, as in Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding

Environmentalism as a religion

In a related speech given to the Commonwealth Club of California, called "Environmentalism as a religion"^[9] (see Radical environmentalism), Crichton described what he sees as similarities between the structure of various religious views (particularly Judeo-Christian beliefs) and the beliefs of many modern urban atheists who he asserts have romantic ideas about Nature and our past, who he thinks believe in the initial "paradise", the human "sins", and the "judgment day". The Commonwealth Club of California is a Non-profit, Non-partisan educational organization based in Northern California. Radical environmentalism, is a grassroots branch of the larger Environmental movement that emerged out of an Ecocentrism -based frustration with the co-option of mainstream Atheism Romanticism is a complex artistic literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the He also articulates his belief that it is the tendency of modern environmentalists to cling stubbornly to elements of their faith in spite of evidence to the contrary. Environmentalism is a broad philosophy and Social movement centered on a concern for the conservation and improvement of the environment. Crichton cites misconceptions about DDT, passive smoking, and global warming as examples. DDT (from its trivial name D ichloro- D iphenyl- T richloroethane is one of the best known synthetic Pesticides It is a chemical with a long Global warming is the increase in the average measured temperature of the

Widespread speculation in the media

In a speech entitled "Why Speculate?",^[10] delivered in 2002 to the International Leadership Forum, Crichton criticized the media for engaging in what he saw as pointless speculation rather than the delivery of facts. The International Leadership Forum (ILF is a non-partisan Internet-based Think tank composed of policy leaders As an example, he pointed to a front-page article of the March 6 New York Times that speculated about the possible effects of U.S. President George W. Bush's decision to impose tariffs on imported steel. Events 1079 - Omar Khayyám completes the Iranian calendar. 1454 - Thirteen Years' War: Delegates of The President of the United States is the Head of state and Head of government of the United States and is the highest political official in United States by George Walker Bush ( born July 6 1946 is the forty-third and current President of the United States. For other uses of this word see Tariff (disambiguation. A tariff is a tax imposed on goods when they are moved across a political boundary Steel is an Alloy consisting mostly of Iron, with a Carbon content between 0 Crichton also singled out Susan Faludi's book Backlash for criticism, saying that it "presented hundreds of pages of quasi-statistical assertions based on a premise that was never demonstrated and that was almost certainly false". Susan C Faludi (born) is an American Pulitzer Prize -winning journalist and Author of two well-known Books She won a Pulitzer Prize for Backlash The Undeclared War Against American Women is the title of a 1991 nonfiction book by Pulitzer Prize winner Susan Faludi, which argues He referred to what he calls the "Murray Gell-Mann Amnesia Effect" to describe the public's tendency to discount one story in a newspaper they may know to be false because of their knowledge of the subject, but believe the same paper on subjects with which they are unfamiliar. Murray Gell-Mann (born September 15, 1929) is an American Physicist who received the 1969 Nobel Prize in physics for his work Amnesia (from Greek) is a condition in which Memory is disturbed Crichton used the Latin expression falsus in uno, falsus in omnibus, which he translated as "untruthful in one part, untruthful in all", to describe what he thought should be a more appropriate reaction. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. F G H I L The speech also made several references to Crichton's skepticism of environmentalists' assertions about the possible future ramifications of human activity on the Earth's environment.

Role of science in environmental policy-making

In September 2005 Crichton testified at a Congressional hearing on climate change, having been called by global warming skeptic Senator James Inhofe^[11] to advise the Environment and Public Works Committee. James Mountain "Jim" Inhofe (born November 17 1934 is a American Politician from Oklahoma. Crichton spoke on issues such as the role of science in policy making, criticisms of climate-change researcher Michael Mann and what Crichton claimed was the deliberate obstruction of research into the subject by some in the scientific community. ^[12]

Criticism

Many of Crichton's publicly expressed views, particularly on subjects like the global warming controversy, have caused heated debate. The global warming controversy is a dispute regarding the nature and consequences of Global warming. An example is meteorologist Jeffrey Masters' review of State of Fear:

"[F]lawed or misleading presentations of Global Warming science exist in the book, including those on Arctic sea ice thinning, correction of land-based temperature measurements for the urban heat island effect, and satellite vs. Weather Underground is a commercial weather service that provides real-time weather information via the Internet. State of Fear is a 2004 "message" novel by Michael Crichton published by HarperCollins on December 7, 2004 An urban heat island ( UHI) is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas Satellite temperature measurements have been obtained from the Troposphere since 1978 ground-based measurements of Earth's warming. I will spare the reader additional details. On the positive side, Crichton does emphasize the little-appreciated fact that while most of the world has been warming the past few decades, most of Antarctica has seen a cooling trend. The Antarctic ice sheet is actually expected to increase in mass over the next 100 years due to increased precipitation, according to the IPCC. "^[13]

Peter Doran, author of the paper in the January 2002 issue of Nature which reported the finding referred to above, that some areas of Antarctica had cooled between 1986 and 2000, wrote an opinion piece in the July 27, 2006 New York Times in which he stated "Our results have been misused as 'evidence' against global warming by Michael Crichton in his novel State of Fear". Peter Doran PhD is Associate Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Nature is a prominent Scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869 Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ^[14] Crichton himself states in the book that though he uses a number of studies to support his stance, the authors of these studies do not necessarily agree with his interpretations. Additionally, some of the characters in the novel caution that they do not necessarily claim that global warming is not an issue, but only that more research is necessary before we make any definitive conclusions.

Al Gore is reported as having said on March 21, 2007 before a US House committee: "The planet has a fever. Albert Arnold Gore Jr (born March 31 1948 is an American environmental Activist, author Businessperson, former Politician, and former Events 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. If your baby has a fever, you go to the doctor [. . . ] if your doctor tells you you need to intervene here, you don't say 'Well, I read a science fiction novel that tells me it's not a problem. '" This, in Dave Langford's opinion, is a reference to State of Fear. David Rowland Langford (born 10 April 1953 is a British author editor and Critic, largely active within the Science fiction field ^[15]

Next controversy

In his 2006 novel Next (released November 28 of that year), Crichton introduces a character named "Mick Crowley" who is a Yale graduate and a Washington D. Next is a 2006 Techno-thriller novel by Michael Crichton. Next takes place in the present world where both the Government For the town in Argentina, see 28 de Noviembre. Events C. -based political columnist. "Crowley" is portrayed by Crichton as a child molester with a small penis. The character is a minor one who does not appear elsewhere in the book. ^[16]

A real person named Michael Crowley is also a Yale graduate, and a senior editor of The New Republic, a Washington D. Michael Crowley is an American journalist and currently senior editor and columnist at The New Republic magazine The New Republic ( TNR) is an American Magazine of politics and the arts C. -based political magazine. In March 2006, the real Crowley wrote an article strongly critical of Crichton for his stance on global warming in State of Fear. ^[17]

See also

• International Leadership Forum

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

• Official website
• Recorded BBC Five Live interview with Michael Crichton
• Michael Crichton at the Internet Movie Database
• 1983, 1987, 1988, 1992 interviews with Michael Crichton by Don Swaim at Wired for Books. Don Swaim (born 1936 is an American journalist and broadcaster. Wired for Books is an online educational project of the WOUB Center for Public Media at Ohio University in Athens Ohio.

Persondata
NAME	Crichton, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Crichton, John Michael; Lange, John; Hudson, Jeffery
SHORT DESCRIPTION	American novelist
DATE OF BIRTH	October 23, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH	Chicago, Illinois
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH

Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union.

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