Methaqualone


Methaqualone
Systematic (IUPAC) name
'2-methyl-3-o-tolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone; 3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-o-tolylquinazoline; 2-methyl-3-(2-methylphenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone
Identifiers
CAS number	72-44-6
ATC code	N05CM01
PubChem	6292
DrugBank	?
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₆H₁₄N₂O
Mol. mass	250. IUPAC Nomenclature is a system of naming Chemical compounds and of describing the science of Chemistry in general CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for Chemical compounds Polymers biological sequences mixtures and Alloys They are also referred to The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System is used for the classification of drugs It is controlled by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. PubChem is a Database of chemical Molecules The system is maintained by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI a component The DrugBank database available at the University of Alberta is a unique Bioinformatics and Cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the Atoms that constitute a particular Chemical compound, and how the relationship between those atoms changes Carbon (kɑɹbən is a Chemical element with the symbol C and its Atomic number is 6 Hydrogen (ˈhaɪdrədʒən is the Chemical element with Atomic number 1 Nitrogen (ˈnaɪtɹəʤɪn is a Chemical element that has the symbol N and Atomic number 7 and Atomic weight 14 Oxygen (from the Greek roots ὀξύς (oxys (acid literally "sharp" from the taste of acids and -γενής (-genēs (producer literally begetteris the The molecular mass (abbreviated m of a substance, more commonly referred to as molecular weight and abbreviated as MW, is the Mass of one 30
Physical data
Melt. point	113 °C (235 °F)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	Schedule III(CA) Schedule I(US)
Routes	?

Methaqualone tablets and capsules. The melting point of a solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to Liquid. In Pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered Dose of unchanged drug that reaches the Systemic circulation, one of Drug metabolism is the Metabolism of drugs, their Biochemical modification or degradation usually through specialized enzymatic systems The biological half-life of a substance is the time it takes for a substance (drug radioactive nuclide or other to lose half of its pharmacologic physiologic or radiologic activity Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products of Metabolism and other non-useful materials The pregnancy category of a pharmaceutical agent is an assessment of the risk of fetal injury due to the pharmaceutical if it is used as directed by the mother during The regulation of therapeutic goods, that is drugs and therapeutic devices, varies by jurisdiction The Controlled Drugs and Substances Act is Canada 's federal drug control statute Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page The Controlled Substances Act ( CSA) was enacted into law by the Congress of the United States as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control The United States of America —commonly referred to as the In Pharmacology and Toxicology, a route

Methaqualone is a sedative drug which is similar in effect to barbiturates, a general CNS depressant. A sedative, or more specifically a sedative-hypnotic, is a substance that depresses the Central nervous system (CNS resulting in calmness relaxation sleepiness Medication, also referred to as medicine, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis cure mitigation treatment or prevention of disease Barbiturates are drugs that act as central nervous system Depressants and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects from mild Sedation In Vertebrates the central nervous system ( CNS) is the part of the Nervous system which is enclosed in the Meninges. Depressant is a chemical agent that diminishes the function or activity of a specific part of the body (see also Sedative) It was used in the 1960s and 1970s as an anxiolytic, for the treatment of insomnia, and as a sedative and muscle relaxant. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. An anxiolytic is a drug prescribed for the treatment of Symptoms of Anxiety. Insomnia is a symptom of a sleeping disorder characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep despite the opportunity A sedative, or more specifically a sedative-hypnotic, is a substance that depresses the Central nervous system (CNS resulting in calmness relaxation sleepiness This article refers to skeletal muscle relaxants For information on Smooth muscle relaxants see Antispasmodic. It has also been used illegally as a recreational drug, commonly known as Quaaludes (particularly in the 1970s in North America) or as Mandrax. In the 2000s, it is widely used as a recreational drug in South Africa. The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa

1 Effects
2 Illegal use as a recreational drug
- 2.1 South Africa
3 References
4 See also
5 External links

Effects

Usual effects include relaxation, euphoria, and drowsiness, also reducing heart rate and respiration. Euphoria is a medically recognized emotional state related to Pleasure and Happiness. Larger doses can bring about depression, muscular miscoordination, and slurred speech. Major depressive disorder, also known as major depression, unipolar depression, unipolar disorder, clinical depression, or simply depression

An overdose can cause delirium, convulsions, hypertonia, hyperreflexia, vomiting, renal insufficiency, coma, and death through cardiac or respiratory arrest. The term drug overdose (or simply overdose or OD) describes the Ingestion or application of a Drug or other substance in quantities Delirium is an acute and relatively sudden (developing over hours to days decline in attention-focus perception and Cognition. An epileptic seizure is caused by excessive and/or hypersynchronous electrical Neuronal activity and is usually self-limiting Hypertonia is an Upper motor neuron dysfunction marked by an abnormal increase in tightness of Muscle tone and a reduced ability of a muscle to stretch Hyperreflexia is defined as overactive or overresponsive Reflexes. Vomiting (also called throwing up, emesis) is the forceful expulsion of the contents of one's Stomach through the Mouth and sometimes the Renal failure or kidney In Medicine, a coma (from the Greek koma, meaning deep sleep is a profound state of Unconsciousness. Death is the termination of the biological functions that define living Organisms It refers both to a specific A cardiac arrest, also known as cardiorespiratory arrest, cardiopulmonary arrest or circulatory arrest, is the abrupt cessation of normal circulation of Respiratory arrest is the cessation of Breathing. It is a Medical emergency and it usually is related to or coincides with a Cardiac arrest. It resembles barbiturate poisoning but with increased motor difficulties and a lower incidence of cardiac or respiratory depression. Toxicity is treated with diazepam and sometimes other anticonvulsants. Diazepam (daɪˈæzɨpæm first marketed as Valium by Hoffmann-La Roche, is a Benzodiazepine derivative Drug.

Illegal use as a recreational drug

Quaaludes became increasingly popular as a recreational drug during the 1960s, and during the disco club scene in the 1970s. Recreational drug use is the use of Psychoactive drugs for Recreational purposes rather than for work, medical or spiritual purposes Disco is a Genre of dance-oriented music whose origins are hard to define They were often used during sexual activity because of heightened sensitivity coupled with relaxation and euphoria. The drug was more tightly regulated in Britain under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 and in the U. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (c38 is an Act of Parliament, by which the United Kingdom aims to control the possession and supply of numerous drugs S. from 1973. With its addictive nature clear, it was withdrawn from many developed markets in the 1980s, being made a Schedule I drug in the US in 1984. The Controlled Substances Act ( CSA) was enacted into law by the Congress of the United States as Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control

Smoking methaqualone, either alone or as an adulterant added to various legal and illegal smoking mixtures, gained popularity in the United States during the mid 1970s. When smoked, methaqualone gives the user an immediate trance-like euphoria that quickly wears off. Because the various binders and inert ingredients that were contained in the pill form were toxic when smoked, this practice was roundly decried by the medical community as a serious health risk. Smoking methaqualone pills can lead to emphysema and other chronic lung disorders, most notably talcosis. Emphysema is a chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease ( COPD) formerly termed a chronic obstructive Lung disease (COLD Talcosis is a pulmonary disorder characterized by "restrictive or obstructive disorders of breathing or the two in combination"

South Africa

Commonly known as Mandrax or Buttons, it is not taken orally but is crushed and mixed in a pipe (or the neck of a broken bottle) with marijuana. Cannabis, also known as marijuana or marihuana, or ganja (from Hindi / Sanskrit: गांजा gānjā hemp) is a Mandrax has become a major problem and is one of the most commonly abused hard drugs in South Africa. The low price (R30. The rand ( sign: R; code: ZAR) is the Currency of South Africa. 00 average) of methaqualone together with the ready availability of cheap, low-grade marijuana means it (in addition to crystal meth and temazepam) is the preferred hard drug of the low-income section of South African society. Cannabis, also known as marijuana or marihuana, or ganja (from Hindi / Sanskrit: गांजा gānjā hemp) is a Temazepam (marketed under brand names Restoril, Euhypnos, Normison, Remestan, Tenox and Norkotral) is an intermediate-acting

Since methaqualone is no longer legally produced, illicit manufacture either in India, or in South Africa itself or other African countries produces methaqualone for the South African market. ^[1]

References

^ van Zyl EF. A survey of reported synthesis of Methaqualone and some positional and structural isomers. Forensic Science International (2001) 122: 142-149.

Bioavailability of Methaqualone Robert D. Smyth Ph. D. 1, John K. Lee M. Sc. 1, Andrew Polk B. Sc. 1, Pramod B. Chemburkar Ph. D. 1, and Anne M. Savacool B. A. 1

External links

Methaqualone (Quaalude) Synthesis by Rhodium. General information and description of Methaqualone's synthesis plus many references
The Meth Epidemic Frontline discusses quaaludes as part of the history of methamphetamine

Frontline is a public affairs television program of varying length produced at WGBH in Boston Massachusetts, and distributed through the

Dictionary

-noun

(pharmacology) A sedative drug that has effects similar to barbiturates. Also used recreationally.

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