Messolonghi Μεσολόγγι
Location
Coordinates	38°23′N 21°26′E / 38.383, 21.433Coordinates: 38°23′N 21°26′E / 38.383, 21.433
Time zone:	EET/EEST (UTC+2/3)
Elevation (min-max):	0 - 9 m (0 - 30 ft)
Government
Country:	Greece
Periphery:	West Greece
Prefecture:	Aetolia-Acarnania
Mayor:	Ioannis Anagnostopoulos
Population statistics (as of 2001[1])
City Proper
- Population:	17,988
- Area:[2]	280. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system. Eastern European Time ( EET) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern European Summer Time ( EEST) is one of the names of UTC+3 Time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time UTC+3 is used in the following locations Moscow Time Eastern European Summer Time West Asian Summer Time The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The peripheries ( Περιφέρειες) are the official regional Administrative divisions of Greece. West Greece is one of the thirteen Peripheries of Greece. It is divided into the prefectures of Achaea, Aetolia-Acarnania and Elis Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 3 super-prefectures and 54 prefectures or nomes Aetolia-Acarnania, ( Greek: Αιτωλοακαρνανία, Aitoloakarnanía, also Aetoloacarnania and Etoloakarnania) is one A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government In Biology a population is the collection of inter-breeding organisms of a particular Species; in Sociology Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 168 km² (108 sq mi)
- Density:	64 /km² (166 /sq mi)
Codes
Postal:	302 00
Area:	26310
Auto:	ΜΕ

Messolonghi (Greek: Μεσολόγγι, Mesolóngi, older forms Mesolongi, Misolonghi, Mesolongion) is a town of about 18,000 people (2001) in central Greece. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume The Greek Postal code system is is administered by ELTA (Ελληνικά Ταχυδρομεία Hellenic Post) This is a list of dialing codes in Greece. The first digit represents type of service Greek Vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The town is the capital of Aetolia-Acarnania and is also the third largest town. Aetolia-Acarnania, ( Greek: Αιτωλοακαρνανία, Aitoloakarnanía, also Aetoloacarnania and Etoloakarnania) is one It is the seat of the municipality of Hiera Polis Mesolongiou (Sacred City of Mesolonghi). Mesolonghi is linked to although bypassed since the 1960s by GR-5/E55. The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969 Greek National Road 5 is a highway in Western Greece It runs from 2 km south of Rio at GR-8 / GR-9 (westbound or at the beginning of the Patras By-Pass The European route E55 passes through the following cities Helsingborg … Helsingør – Copenhagen – Køge – Vordingborg The road to Astakos is to the northwest and is also accessed to GE-48 to the east. Greek National Road 48 is a highway in Western and Central Greece The town had a railway station which used to link the railway line linking to Agrinio and became abandoned in the 1970s. Agrinion ( Greek, Modern Αγρίνιο Ancient/ Katharevousa: -on older form Agrinion, Latin: Agrinium) is the largest city This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970.

Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2.1 Greek War of Independence 2.2 Modern Era 3 Landmarks 4 Persons 5 Historical population 6 Twin towns 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

Geography

The town is located between the Acheloos and the Euenos rivers and contains a port on the Gulf of Patras. The Acheloos ( Greek: Αχελώος also Achelous, is a River in western Greece. For the Butterfly Genus, see Evenus (butterfly. The Evinos, Evenus, or Euenos (Εύηνος is Patraikos gulfjpg|right|thumb|300px]] The Gulf of Patras ( Greek: Πατραϊκός Κόλπος Patraikós Kólpos) is a branch of the Ionian Sea It trades in fish, wine, and tobacco. The Arakynthos mountains lie to the northeast. Arakynthos (Αρακύνθος is a municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece. The town is almost canalized but houses are within the gulf and the swamplands. The Messolonghi-Etoliko Lagoons complex lies to the west and is also a swampy area. The Mesolonghi-Aitoliko Lagoons complex is located in the north part of the Gulf of Patras in the central west coast of Greece (38o In the ancient times, the land was part of the gulf.

History

Mesolonghi was first mentioned by a Venetian called Paruta when he was describing the naval Battle of Lepanto near Nafpaktos. Venice ( Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venesia or Venexia) is a city in Northern Italy, the capital of the The Battle of Lepanto ( Greek: Ναύπακτος Naupaktos, pron Naupactus or Nafpaktos (Ναύπακτος rarely Έπαχτος Naupactus or Naupactos İnebahtı Italian Spanish and Portuguese Lepanto is the second largest town According to the predominant historical opinion, its name came from the combination of two Italian words, MEZZO and LANGHI which means "in the middle of lakes" or MESSO and LANGHI (Messolanghi) which means "a place surrounded by lakes". Until 1700, Mesolonghi was under Venetian domination. Its inhabitants were mostly fishermen. They lived in cabins which were made of a kind of waterproof straw and reed and stood on stilts above sea water. These cabins or stilt-houses have always been called "pelades".

North-west of Mesolonghi are the remains of Pleuron (“Asfakovouni”), a town mentioned in Homer's works. Homer ( Ancient Greek:, Homēros) is a legendary ancient Greek epic Poet, traditionally said to be the author of the epic poems the It participated in the Trojan expedition and was destroyed in 234 BC by Demetrius the Aitolian. Troy ( Greek: grc Τροία Troia, also, Ilion; Latin: Trōia, Īlium, Hittite: Wilusa or Events By place Greece The Epirote Alliance is replaced by the Epirote League which is a federal state with its own parliament (or synedrion The new town, which was built on the remains of old Pleuron, was one of the most important towns in Aitolia. Its monumental fortification comprised 30 towers and 7 gates. The remains of the theatre and an enormous water tank with 4 compartments still exist.

Greek War of Independence

Further information: Greek War of Independence

During the Orlov Revolution in 1770 the fleet of Messolonghi was defeated and came to the Turks. The Greek War of Independence (1821–1829 also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi; Ottoman Year 1770 ( MDCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Friday The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Messolonghi revolted against the Turks on May 20 1821 and was a major stronghold of the Greek rebels in the Greek War of Independence. Year 1821 ( MDCCCXXI) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common year The Greek War of Independence (1821–1829 also commonly known as the Greek Revolution (Ελληνική Επανάσταση Elliniki Epanastasi; Ottoman Its inhabitants successfully resisted a siege by Ottoman forces in 1822. The First Siege of Messolonghi was an attempt by Ottoman forces to capture the strategically located port town of Messolonghi during the early stages of the The Ottoman Empire (1299–1923 ( Old Ottoman Turkish: دولتْ علیّه عثمانیّه Devlet-i Âliye-yi Osmâniyye, Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish The second siege started on April 15, 1825 by Kioutachis whose army numbered 30,000 men and was later reinforced by another 10,000 men led by Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt. Year 1825 ( MDCCCXXV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common This article is about the leader of Egypt For other people named Muhammad Ali or Mehmet Ali see Muhammad Ali (disambiguation and Mehemet Ali (disambiguation After a year of relentless enemy attacks and facing starvation, the people of Mesolonghi decided to leave the beleaguered city in the "Exodus of its Guards" (The Sorty) on the night of April 10, 1826. For the game see 1826 (board game. Year 1826 ( MDCCCXXVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display At the time, there were 10,500 people in Messolonghi 3,500 of which were armed. Very few people survived the Ottoman pincer movement after the betrayal of their plan. A pincer is a device with a pair of levers that act to concentrate force on a point

Due to the heroic stance of the population and the subsequent massacre of its inhabitants by the Turkish-Egyptian forces, that followed, the town of Mesolonghi received the honorary title of Hiera Polis (the Sacred City), unique among other Greek cities. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The famous English poet and philhellene Lord Byron, who supported the Greek struggle for independence, died there in 1824. Philhellenism ("the love of Greek culture" was the intellectual fashion at the turn of the 19th century that led Europeans like Lord Byron to lend their support for Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year He is commemorated by a cenotaph containing his heart and a statue located in the town. A cenotaph is a tomb or a Monument erected in honour of a person or group of persons whose remains are elsewhere

Modern Era

The town itself is very picturesque but also modern with functional, regular urban planning. Some very interesting buildings representative of traditional architecture can be seen here. People whose names were related to modern Greek history once lived in some of them. The History of Greece traditionally encompasses the study of the Greek people, the areas they ruled historically and the territory now composing the modern state of The mansion of the Trikoupis family, Palamas' House, Valvios Library, Christos and Sophia Moschandreou Gallery of Modern Art emphasise the fact that Messolonghi has always been a city of some wealth and refinement. Wealth derives from the old English word "weal" which means "well-being In addition, the Centre of Culture and Art, Diexodos, which hosts cultural events and exhibitions as well as the Museum of History and Art is housed in a neo-classical building in Markos Botsaris Square and hosts a collection of paintings indicative of the struggle of Messolonghi further boost the city's cultural and artistic profile. Culture (from the Latin cultura stemming from colere, meaning "to cultivate" generally refers to patterns of human activity and the symbolic Markos Botsaris (Μάρκος Μπότσαρης c 1788 - August 21, 1823) was a Greek Klepht leader of Arvanite

Today, the Entrance Gate remains intact and so does part of the fortification of the Free Besieged which was rebuilt by King Otto. Otto of Greece (Όθων Βασιλεύς της Ελλάδος Othon Vasileus tis Ellados) (1 June 1815 – 26 July 1867 was made the first modern king of Greece Past the gate, there is the Garden of Heroes where several famous and some anonymous heroes who fought during the Heroic Sortie are buried. The Garden of Heroes is the equivalent of the Elysian Fields for modern Greece. In Greek mythology, Elysium ( Greek:) was a section of the Underworld (the spelling Elysium is a Latinization of the Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Every year the Memorial Day for the Exodus is celebrated on Palm Sunday (the Sunday before Easter); the Greek State is represented by high-ranking officials and foreign countries by their ambassadors. Palm Sunday is a Christian Moveable feast which always falls on the Sunday before Easter.

Landmarks

• Museum of the History and the Art of the Holy City of Messolonghi, Website

Persons

• Charilaos Trikoupis - (1832-1896) Prime Minister of Greece
• Spyridon Trikoupis - (1788-1873) Prime Minister of Greece, father of Charilaos Trikoupis
• The heart of Lord Byron is buried in Mesolonghi April 1824
• Kostis Palamas- Greek poet, co-author of the Olympic Anthem
• John Lykoudis - major and medical doctor involved in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease
• Epameinontas Deligeorgis - (1829-1879) Prime Minister of Greece

Historical population

Year	City Population	Change	Municipal population	Change
1981	11,375	-	-	-
1991	10,916	-459/-4. Charilaos Trikoupis ( Χαρίλαος Τρικούπης) ( July 11 1832 (O Spiridon Trikoupis ( April 20, 1788 – February 24, 1873) was a Greek author orator diplomat and statesman Year 1824 ( MDCCCXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Kostis Palamas (Κωστής Παλαμάς &mdash 27 February, 1943) was a Greek Poet who wrote the words to the Olympic Hymn. John Lykoudis (born 1910 in Missolonghi, died 1980 was a General practitioner in Greece who treated patients from Peptic ulcer disease with A peptic ulcer, also known as PUD or peptic ulcer disease, is an Ulcer (defined as mucosal erosions equal to or greater than 0 Epameinondas Deligeorgis (Greek Επαμεινώνδας Δεληγιώργης) (1829 - 1879 was a Greek lawyer newspaper reporter and politician from Mesolonghi Year 1981 ( MCMLXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Year 1991 ( MCMXCI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar. 04%	16,859	-
2001	12,225	+1,309/+11. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. 99%	17,988	+1,129/+6. 70%

Twin towns

• Schöfflisdorf, Switzerland

See also

• Communities of Aetolia-Acarnania

References

[1]

External links

• The Acheloos delta forms the Messolongi Lagoon

Northwest: Aitoliko	North: Arakynthos	Northeast: Makrynia
West: Messolonghi Lagoon	Iera Poli Messolongiou	East: Chalkia
	South: Gulf of Patras

Aitoliko ( Greek, Modern Αιτωλικό Ancient/ Katharevousa: -n fr Nearest places Kato Makrinou Makrinos Kourteleika (Kourtelaiika Subdivisions

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